Academic Text Structure EAPP Senior High

Butch C. Cabanig
Subject Teacher

Paliparan III Senior High School
Activity 1

What do you know
about?

Research Paper

Structure of a
Research Paper

Lesson 2
Academic Text
Structure

Academic text is defined as critical,
objective, specialized texts written
by experts or professionals in a given
field using formal language.

Examples of Academic Texts:
1. Book Review
2. Reaction Paper
3. Critique Paper
4. Thesis
5. Research Paper

Examples of Non-Academic Texts:
1. Poems
2. Skits
3. Letters
4. Compositions

Academic Writing is impersonal
and objective by avoiding direct
reference to people or feelings and is
based on facts and not on opinions
and it is technical by using
vocabulary specific to the discipline.

Examples of Academic Writing

1. Literary Analysis
It examines, evaluates, and
makes an argument about
a literary work.

2. Research Paper
It uses outside information
to support a thesis or make
an argument.

3. Dissertation
It is a document submitted at the
conclusion of a PhD program. It is a
book-length summarization of the
doctoral candidate’s research.

Other Examples:
1. books
2. book reports
3. translations
4. conference paper
5. academic journal
6. abstract

Two common structures of
ACADEMIC TEXT:
1. The three-part essay -structure
2. IMRaD structure

1. The Three-Part Essay Structure

INTRODUCTION
Its purpose is to clearly tell the reader
the topic, purpose and structure of
the paper. It might be between 10%
and 20% of the length of the whole
paper.

BODY OF THE ESSAY
It develops the question “What is the
topic about?”

CONCLUSION
“Mirror Image” of the introduction

2. The IMRaD Research Paper Structure

“IMRaD” format refers to a paper that
is structured by four main sections:
Introduction, Methods, Results, and
Discussion

Introduction – Make a case for
your research
The introduction explains the importance of your research.
You begin by describing the problem or situation that
motivates your research. Move to discussing the current state
of your research in the field; then reveal a “gap” or problem in
the field. Finally, explain how the present research is a
solution to that problem or gap. If the study has hypotheses,
they are presented at the end of the introduction.

Methods – What did you do?
The methods section tells readers how you conducted your
study. It includes information about your population,
sample, methods, and equipment. The “gold standard” of the
methods section is that it should enable readers to duplicate
your study. Methods sections typically use subheadings; they
are written in past tense, and they use a lot of passive voice.
This is typically the least read section of an IMRaD report.

Results – What did you find?
In this section, you present your findings. Typically, the
Results section contains only the findings, not any
explanation of or commentary on the findings. Results
sections are usually written in the past tense. Make
sure all tables and figures are labeled and numbered
separately. Captions go above tables and beneath
figures.

Discussion – What does it mean?
In this section, you summarize your main
findings, comment on those findings, and
connect them to the other research. You also
discuss limitations of your study, and use
these limitations as reasons to suggest
additional, future research.

What makes a Research Article
differ from Formal Essay or
Article?

Performance Task 2

Quiz 2

Thank you

Academic Text Structure EAPP Senior High

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