The document discusses Activated Filter Media (AFM) and its applications in sustainable water treatment. AFM is a certified filter media that can remove parasites and filter water more effectively than sand. It has a predicted performance and life of over 20 years. AFM has applications in aquaculture, swimming pools, irrigation, process water treatment, drinking water treatment, and as pretreatment for membranes. It provides an effective barrier against pathogens like Cryptosporidium and Giardia. Case studies provided show AFM effectively treating water for rural communities, municipal supplies, breweries, and more.

1. What we do
sustainable water treatment
….......for a non toxic environment
Dryden Aqua 1

2. AFM is not a new system, it is a sand system up-grade
• Not verified
• Not certified
• Variable quality
• Less predictable
• Will become a biofilter
• Subject to channeling
• Reduced water quality
• Higher running costs
• Certified & verified
• United Nations level 1
supplier
• Manufactured under ISO
controlled conditions
• Predictable performance
• Will not channel or pass
unfiltered water
• More effective barrier for
Crypto & Giardia
• Priority chemical control
options
• Life 20+ years

3. Health care without harm
• Sand filter always suffer from bio-dynamic instability and channeling of unfiltered water into product water.
When a filter channels all of the bacteria, parasites and pathogens will enter the product water. In Europe
sand filters do this approx. 0.01% of the time and is responsible for 5% of all disease in Europe. In Asia,
Africa and tropical countries it is 4% of the time and responsible for up to 80% of all disease.
• AFM grade 0 has been verified to filter water 100 times more effectively than 16 x 30 grade sand for
particles under 5 microns. AFM eliminates parasitic infection which is responsible for more than 60% of
water based disease. Pathogens tend to hide inside freshwater insects that give them protect from
chlorine. An example is Vibrio cholera…. AFM is a solution
• AFM is sustainable and should never need to be changed, sand must be changed every 6 months to 10
years, depending upon the application and the environment
• 1 x dollar spent on the provision of sustainable water treatment is worth at least 15 dollars to the economy
of a developing country, and provides a higher quality of life for everyone.
• www.CleanAquaForEveryone.com CAFE

4. What we do
We up-cycle 50% of the container glass in Scotland to make AFM, recognized to be the best filter media for the
mechanical filtration of water. Certified for the removal of parasites, and an option to remove priority chemicals
Aquaculture RAS
• AFM media, oxygen probes & air diffusers
Aquarium LSS
Swimming pools
• Daisy systems
Irrigation water treatment
• Drip, spray
• Food security systems (water treatment)
pretreatment prior to membranes
• water treatment for food and drinking
• Desalination of seawater
• Desalination of brackish and freshwater
• Tertiary treatment of municipal waste water
Process waste water
• Steel factory recycle cooling water
• Cooling towers
Drinking water
• Surface water
• Ground water
• Rural communities to Cities
Gray water
Priority Chemicals
• drinking water & food security
Tertiary treatment of municipal waste water
• Elimination of parasites
Textile waste water, complete systems

5. Activated Filter Media
• double performance
• Reduce costs
• Future proof

6. Performance data for AFM
Analysis by IFTS
Independent verification

7. AFM will remove
Cryptosporidium oocysts with
no coagulation or flocculation
4 micron particle filtration performance
99.9% filtration at 5m/hr
99.8% filtration at 7m/hr
99.55% filtration at 10m/hr
Going from 99.9% to 99.8% may not
seem like a great deal, however it is
equivalent of going from 500 to 1000
times reduction in particle numbers.
When sand is compared to AFM, there
may only be a few percentage points of
a difference. But the difference has
huge implications with regards to
actually performance and water
security.

8. At a water flow of 2m/hr AFM
grade 0 removes
99.96% down to 4 microns
99.9% down to 3 microns
99.8% down to 2 microns
99.6% down to 1 micron

9. m/hr flow
AFM grade 1
10 micron
AFM grade 1
5 micron
sand
5 microns
5 99.8 99.5 98
10 99.7 99.0 95
15 99.5 98 90
20 98 95 72
30 90 80 36
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
5 10 15 20 30
Performance
Water flow m/hr
AFM Grade 1 Performance at 4 & 10 micron against water flow
velocityAFM grade 1 and sand, the verified
data confirms the performance
difference between a high quality
silica sand and AFM grade 1. There
was no coagulation or flocculation

10. 70
75
80
85
90
95
100
1 3 4 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Performance%
Size of particles in Microns
Particle size removal performance of AFM at 20m/hr
no coagulation or flocculation
afm grade 1
sand
microns afm grade 1 sand
5 96 73
10 97 88
15 97 93
20 98 95
25 98 96
30 100 97
35 100 98
40 100 99
AFM grade 1 and sand, the verified
data confirms the performance
difference between a high quality
silica sand and AFM grade 1. There
was no coagulation or flocculation

11. Aquaculture & Aquaria

12. Aquaculture & Aquaria
Salmon
Tilapia
Eels
Tiger shrimp
Grouper
Cod
halibut

13. Aquaculture and extensive and RAS
Air diffusers
Oxygen Probes
AFM filtration and RAS

14. Aquaria Life Support

15. Lisbon Aquarium
AFM has been in the system for over 10 years

16. Dubai Mall Aquarium
Largest aquarium in Middle East, 100% AFM

17. Mundomar, Benidorm, Spain click here Pinnipeds, Penguins and Dolphins
Cité de la Mer Cherbourg, France click here Aquarium Systems
Istanbul Aquarium, /Istanbul, Turkey click here 6,500m³ of aquariums
Noumea Aquarium, Noumea, New Caledonia click here All incoming seawater filtration
Antwerp Zoo Aquarium, Antwerp Belgium click here Selected aquarium Systems
Burger’s Ocean, Arnhem, Holland click here Selected aquarium Systems
Bergen Aquarium, Bergen, Norway click here Selected aquarium Systems
The Deep, Hull, England click here 2,500m³ of aquariums
Tierpark, Hagenbeck, Germany click here All aquarium Systems
Colchester zoo, Colchester, England click here Sea Lion Systems
Marwell Zoo, Marwell, England click here Penguins
Lithuanian Sea Museum, Klaipeda, Lithuania click here Dolphins
Palma Aquarium, Mallorca, Spain click here Aquariums
Rixos Hotel Aquariums, Antalya, Turkey click here All aquarium Systems
Loebecke Museum and Aquazoo, Dusseldorf, Germany click here All aquarium Systems
Dubai Mall Aquarium, Dubai, UAE click here All aquarium systems (10 million litre largest exhibit)
Sea Life Centre, Dubai, UAE All aquarium Systems
Burj Al Arab hotel aquarium, Dubai, UAE click here All aquarium Systems
Kuwait Scientific Centre click here Aquarium Systems
Poema del Mar Aquarium, Gran Canaria click here All aquarium Systems
References… aquaria

18. Swimming pools
Aquatic features

19. Swimming pools and water parks

20. Swimming pool water treatment
Daisy water treatment system for complete water treatment
Swimstade in Denmark

21. Danish municipal
supplied ground water
Pool filled after a refurbishment,
very clear 25m visibility, excellent
drinking water quality

22. Same pool
Same water after 1 x passage
through AFM daisy treatment
system. All the ferric removed

23. Almost zero turbidity
no biofilm or black algae on the
artificial rocks. Location Caribbean

24. Reference list pools
• Over 200,000 public and private pools
• Europe
• North America
• Middle East
• Africa
• SE Asia
Too many pools to list.

25. Irrigation
And
Food security

26. Drip Irrigation

27. There is no food security
without water security
AFM delivers water
security and protects
agriculture from heavy
metals. Pharma and
priority chemicals.

28. Process waste & recycled water
Oil in water
Cooling towers

29. Gravity flow filters
• Drinking water, all water types
• Tertiary treatment of wastewater
• Process water, clean applications
• Process water wastewater
Process Water

30. Gravity flow filters
Steel factory in Asia, 18,000m3/hr

31. Gravity flow filters
Steel factory Asia, 18,000m3/hr
Sand suffers from coagulation by the oil and biofouling
Problems solved using AFM
>95% reduction of oil
>95% reduction of turbidity

32. 6000.00%
6500.00%
7000.00%
7500.00%
8000.00%
8500.00%
9000.00%
9500.00%
10000.00%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Percentageremovalofsolids
Suspended solids removal, steel plan recycle water
Influent concentration of ss approx 100mg/l
factory sand % AFM % sand %
Linear (factory sand %) Linear (AFM %) Linear (sand %)
weeks
AFM, filter is stable and predictable, factory sand filter has variable unstable performance.
A new parallel sand filter catastrophically failed after 11 weeks due to bio-coagulation and channeling

33. 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
mg/loilinwater
Weeks
Removal of Oil in Water by AFM
influent AFM
AFM grade 2, running at 10m/hr filtration velocity, between 50% and 100% oil removal by a sustainable
Filter. Performance can be improved to ?95% removal by using alginate coagulant

34. References
• Dragon steel, Taiwan
• Hoimyung, Korea
• CoilChem, USA
• Posco, Korea
• BP, UK
• Ford Motors, UK & Spain

35. Pretreatment prior to
Membranes

36. Pre-Treatment prior to membranes
We provide AFM filter media for pre-treatment of many different types of
water prior to Reverse osmosis membranes. In most cases there is no need to
use Ultra Filtration because a properly configured AFM system will provide a
better performance at a lower costs.
• Freshwater for food and drinks
• Freshwater, for high pressure boilers and steam generators
• Backing water filtration for drinking water
• Tertiary treatment of municipal and industrial waste water
• Marine water desalination for drinking and industrial applications

37. AFM Pretreatment prior to
membranes

38. Seawater desalination pretreatment
Horizontal Pressure AFM® filters
7000m3/day

39. Budweiser Brewery
DREAM
CULTURE
PEOPLE
Municipal water
pretreatment prior to
membranes

40. Budweiser Brewery
Pretreatment prior to
membranes
AFM grade 0
Run phase 10m/hr
Back-wash 20m/hr
Carbon filters and cartridge
filters can usually be removed
after changing the sand over to
AFM

41. Guinness in Dublin
Pretreatment of
borehole water for
manganese prior to
membranes

42. Guinness in Dublin
Pretreatment of
borehole water for
manganese prior to
membranes

43. Desalination reference list
• Port of Manama Bahrain, seawater desalination
• Guinness Brewery Dublin Diageo, ground water
• Whiskey production systems Pernod Ricard
• Square Pharmaceuticals in Bangladesh, ground water
• Budweiser Brewery China, municipal water
• Ecolutia Switzerland, mobile containerized units
• Bricquebec channel Island drinking water supply, saline ground water
• St Barts, Caribbean, saline ground water

44. Drinking water
Rural communities
to
Cities

45. Rural community drinking water
AFM may be used for
the treatment of
drinking water into
cities, or for small
rural communities.

46. Village committee
West Bengal
Dryden Aqua AFM project
from 2012 to 2015 to
design truly sustainable
rural drinking water
systems to deal with
arsenic in ground water
and all pathogens in
surface water. The
project was a success
and the CAFÉ filter was
born.
Clean Aqua For Everyone

47. Rural community drinking water
Safe clean drinking
water from almost
any source.
Surface water
Ground water

48. West Bengal village…tube well

49. 2nd Tube well in the same village

50. West Bengal
village
Arsenic levels as high as
250ug/l, in ground water.
Concentrations as low as
20ug/l can cause learning
difficulty in children.
Dryden AFM filters reduced
the levels to less than 10
ug/l
Problems solved

51. AFM Ground water treatment

52. Ground Water AFM system

53. Influent water
Turbidity ground
water arsenic
AFM compared against
activated aluminum, both
system reduced the arsenic to
less than 10ug/l.
However, AFM is also a
mechanical filter media and it
reduced the turbidity and
removed the suspended
particles of ferric and arsenic,
along with most of the the
bacterium and parasites that
can infiltrate into the aquifer.
Drinking water compliance with
European Directive achieved
Influent arsenic concentration were static at 240 ug/l,
product water was always under 10 ug/l

54. Surface drinking water supply for village

55. Surface
drinking water
treatment
City and rural
community water
treatment
• Copepods & Cholera
• Diarrhoea
• Cryptosporidium
• Nematodes
• Hepatitis A
• Arsenic
• Heavy metals
• Toxic chemicals
Water with no added
pathogens or arsenic
In compliance to WHO
And EEC directives
Water causes 80% of all disease
in Asia , Africa & S.America, and
5% to 10% in Europe & North
America. AFM has been
confirmed to resolve most of
these issues.

56. Turbidity, surface water
AFM against slow sand filter
20,000kg of sand
1000kg of AFM

57. • A high percentage of European technology has failed to deliver in India and Africa. Not because the
systems could not treat the water, but because the equipment was not sustainable for the
environment. If a system requires spares, chemicals or too much power it will not be used. If a
system breaks down, it will not be repaired unless the local community can effect the repair.
• In order to resolve the above problem, Dryden Aqua have developed a low cost automatic filter that
does not use any valves or control systems.
Gravity filter design

58. Rural community gravity filter
• Sustainable
• Virtually no maintenance
• Pump is only moving part,
approx 250 watts
• No valves
• Transportable
• 1.2m diam x 4m height
• Up to 2m3/hr
• Installation in 1 day
• Cost < 10,000 Euro
• Sufficient for 1000 people
• Cost 10 Euro, water for life
• 1kg of AFM per person

60. Waste water treatment
and drinking water is not just a problem for Asia
the issues in Europe and around the world are the same
New Zealand

61. Drinking water
• 4700 Havelock North
residents sick
Campylobacter
• Water is primarily sourced
from underground aquifers
via 32 individual
bores/wells, and two
springs
• pipeline network consists
of 497km of water mains
• No Chlorination
• No filtration
Havelock North
New Zealand

62. Campylobacter
Campylobacter, affecting an
estimated half a million
people annually and killing
about 100 in the UK from
contaminated food / water

63. Aquifer security
• Campylobacter is killed
by oxygen. The existence
of the bacterium in the
water clearly indicates
there is a direct rout
from the surface to the
aquifer
• This means crypto,
giardia and nematodes
will also be in the supply
• The water must be
filtered to remove
parasites
• Optional Chlorination /
ozonated to remove
bacterium
Havelock’s bore hole is well protect, yet
there was still an issue. The water should
be filtered and perhaps chlorinated. The
same situation as tube wells in Asia Africa
and Europe.

64. Gravity flow reference
rural community & municipal
drinking water systems
• Rural community
– 150 systems in India
– 20 systems in Dhaka Bangladesh, Biovista
– 50 systems in Nigeria with Mekow Water
• Municipal
– Ireland, Irish Water
– UK, Ulster hospitals
– Dhaka Bangladesh, Delta Hospital

65. Waste Water treatment
Activated sludge using air diffusers

66. • Waste water must be treated to as high a
standard as drinking water, in all
countries in order to avoid pollution of
the environment.
• If any residual toxic chemicals remain,
and the water is used for irrigation then
over decades the chemicals will build up
in the aquifer and threaten food security
and water security. Examples, chromium
in the ground water of Morocco,
pharmaceuticals and bacterium antibiotic
resistance in all developed countries.
Uranium and selenium in agriculture
countries.
Tertiary treatment of waste water
Dryden aqua extended diffused aeration system arranged as a
sequencing biological reactor, or serial flow system. 1/20th the
cost of conventional waste water treatment and no sludge
generation

67. • City of Medina Saudi Arabia,
• SITA, city of Manchester, England
• Viridor, city of Colchester England
• Stirling Council, Scotland
• City of Kirkcaldy, Balbarton,Scotland
• Carlise Council
• Argyll & Bute council, Dunoon &
Lochgilphead
• I & H Brown, Battelby Perth Scotland
• Bin Landfill site, Scotland
Air diffuser reference list
extended diffuser aeration activated sludge systems and municipal waste water sludge
• Scottish Water, Haddington waste water• City of Medina Saudi Arabia,
• SITA, city of Manchester, England
• Viridor, city of Colchester England
• Stirling Council, Scotland
• City of Kirkcaldy, Balbarton,Scotland
• Carlise Council
• Argyll & Bute council, Dunoon &
Lochgilphead
• I & H Brown, Battelby Perth Scotland
• Bin Landfill site, Scotland

68. Tertiary treatment using AFM
of
waste water
and
gray water

69. Dhaka Bangladesh,
UNESCO university
Water treatment
research to use gray
water from the
university to irrigate
the surrounding fields

71. Waste disposal,
wastewater treatment and
drinking water, are all
connected.
They also linked to food
security and marine
conservation / protection.
It is the same in all
countries
• Waste water
• Drinking water
• Ocean PCBs, PBDE, and
levels in fish, whales
Kaipara Harbour
New Zealand
parasitic nematode Ascaris spp from
septic tank waste was causing
disease of bathers in the sea

72. Kaipara Harbour
parasitic nematode Ascaris spp

73. The wastewater discharged
into bay contained a high
concentration of the
parasitic nematode Ascaris
spp . The worm infects the
blood, lungs, internal organs
and can grow up to 35cm in
the intestine. The nematode
can prove to be fatal. The
infectious egg (40 um) must
be removed from the
wastewater to allow it to be
used for irrigation.
Also very common in Asia
and Africa

74. Cryptosporidium
if nematodes are present then there will
also be crypto, giardia, and cholera. This is
why wastewater must be treated

75. AFM pressure filtration system to treat the waste water from Kaipara Harbour

76. Tertiary treatment of
waste water using AFM
• Only about 10% of all municipal
waste water in Europe is tertiary
treated.
• A legacy of heavy metals,
metaloids, POPs is accumulating
in the ground, water, aquifers,
marine environment and all
animals
• Pharmaceuticals are discharged
via municipal waste water and
farming.
• Antibiotic bacterium resistance
is now a serious threat.
• Endocrine disrupters result the
40% reduction of male fertility in
Europe and increase in
Hermaphrodite children

77. Sand
Run-phase & back-wash
profile
Tertiary treatment using
Rapid Gravity Sand filter
The graph shows the build
up of pressure in the sand
filter followed by the back-
wash. Run phase
performance & back-wash
frequency is variable due
to biofouling. Periods
where most of the water
channels through the sand
bed are self evident.
Channelling through bed
Sand filtration of waster water

78. .
AFM
Run-phase & back-wash
profile
AFM filter media, run
phase performance and
back-wash frequency.
Same run phase duration
between a back-wash, no
by-passing or channelling
of waste water through
the bed, stable &
predictable effluent
quality. 100% efficiency
on back-wash and no
biofouling of the media
AFM filtration of waster water

79. Priority chemicals
And removal
By AFM

80. Farmer gives Drench to
sheep animal health
pharmaceutical medicine
against Internal parasites
in New Zealand. The
chemicals are now
reaching the aquifers.
Same situation in
Agriculture in Europe, Asia
and North America. We
are all exposed to
agricultural chemicals and
pharma, even if your water
supply is ground water.

81. Priority chemicals & heavy
metals, pollute our land,
rivers, aquifers, sea and are
food in all our food
examples
• Treated timber, fence posts, CCA
(chromium, copper arsenic)
• Animal and human
pharmaceuticals
• Antibiotic disease resistance
• Phosphate fertiliser contains
Uranium and cadmium. Even at
ppb levels, application on land
over decades has an
accumulative impact
Phosphate fertiliser also contains Uranium and Cadmium

82. The mission of Dryden Aqua
The mission of Dryden Aqua is the close the loop on water
treatment, be it a recycle system for aquaculture, a swimming
pool or an industrial process such as textile waste water, in
order to protect our environment.
We must have a zero impact on the environment and this
means effluent treatment to the highest level and provision of
clean, safe drinking water for everyone.
www.GoesFoundation.com
We have 25 to 40 years before there is a
cascade failure of the entire marine
ecosystem. If you are aware of the issues,
the solution can follow.

83. Textiles
Waste Water Treatment
Zero discharge systems

84. Textile waste water
from 300 factories in
Dhaka Bangladesh
have destroyed
100% of all surface
water and more than
90% of the Aquifers
Dryden Aqua have
now applied AFM
and new biological
concepts to develop
a zero impact waste
water treatment
system.

85. We aim to eliminate toxic pollution

89. Dryden Aqua
Delivering a non toxic sustainable environment