This document discusses the history and elements of cinema. It provides an overview of conventions like establishing shots, close-ups, and sound. Early milestones are noted, including Edison's invention of motion picture cameras and the Lumiere brothers' development of the Cinematographe. Major genres like film noir, romantic comedy, and westerns are also outlined. Influential films are mentioned, such as Citizen Kane and Casablanca, which are considered the top two American films of the 20th century. The concept of an auteur director is defined as well.

1. CINEMA The Art of Being Human Chapter 9

2. Elements or Conventions of Cinema: Conditions that the audience agree to accept as real When we understand the conventions of cinema then we can view a film critically and with greater enjoyment

4. close-up

5. cinematography

6. sound

7. background music

8. point of view

9. intercut

10. elongated moment

11. lingering take

12. pan

13. dissolve

14. slowing down

15. freeze frames

16. speeding up

17. expansion

18. tracking shot

19. cut

20. quick cut

21. flip

23. Kinetoscope October 1889 Dickson shows Edison projection with sound. Quality is poor. Edison opts for silent, individual showings of films. Invents Kinetoscope. Kinetoscope Open

24. Lumiere Brothers 1894 Tinker with Edison’s Kinetoscope. Designed their own machine called a cinematographe within a year. Auguste and Louis Lumiere

25. Cinematographe shot the pictures, printed them, and projected them. The camera was portable. A hand crank provided the power.

26. Chronology Silent Film Era: 1900-1930 Post World War I: 1930-1945 Post World War II to Present: 1946-2007

27. Art and Propaganda I D.W. Griffith’s The Birth of a Nation (1915)

28. Art and Propaganda II Sergei Eisenstein’s Potemkin (1925)

29. The Odessa Steps Montage Sequence The Russian Tsar's Cossacks march down a seemingly endless flight of steps in a rhythmic, machine-like fashion, slaughtering a crowd. The soldiers shoot a mother who is pushing a baby in a baby carriage. As she falls to the ground, dying, she leans against the carriage, nudging it away; it rolls down the steps amidst the fleeing crowd. The massacre on the steps is fictional . . .

31. The Odessa Steps sequence Film critic Roger Ebert writes, "That there was, in fact, no czarist massacre on the Odessa Steps scarcely diminishes the power of the scene ... It is ironic that Eisenstein did it so well that today the bloodshed on the Odessa steps is often referred to as if it really happened.”

32. Slapstick Comedy and More Mack Sennet (1884-1960) Charlie Chaplin (1889-1977) Mario Moreno-Reyes-Cantinflas (1911-1993)

33. Charlie Chaplin’s Modern Times (1936)

34. Charlie Chaplin’s City Lights(1931)

36. Romantic Comedy

37. Bittersweet Compromises

38. The Comedy of Manners

39. Musical Comedy

40. The Western

41. Slice of Life

42. Social Realism

43. Documentaries

44. Fictionalized Biography

46. Romantic Comedy Chocolat

47. Bittersweet Compromises Juno Bridges of Madison County Monsoon Wedding

48. The Comedy of Manners My BIG FAT GREEK WEDDING The Philadelphia Story

49. Musical Comedy Chicago, 2003 Singin’ in the Rain My Fair Lady

50. The Western Unforgiven Dances with Wolves High Noon

51. Slice of Life

52. Social Realism It’s a Wonderful Life Grapes of Wrath

53. Documentaries Sicko Super Size Me

54. Fictionalized Biography Braveheart Patton

55. Loosely Based on the Original Troy Titanic

56. Top 2 films What are the top two American Films of the Twentieth Century?

57. 1. Citizen Kane

59. 2. Casablanca

60. Casablanca, 1942 “Round up the usual suspects.” Humphrey Bogart and Ingrid Bergman

61. What is an auteur? Auteur is the French word for author; a director who develops a reputation as a serious artist, whose imprint is found in almost every film, and who employs recognizable camera styles. Rhythms, themes and symbols

63. Federico Fellini

64. Alfred Hitchcock

65. Akira Kurosawa

66. Stanley Kubrick

67. Francis Ford Coppola

68. Martin Scorsese

69. Pedro Almodóvar