An analytic document on the social impact of Aadhar Card. the paper particularly deals with how the society will avail the health benefits through Aadhar card

1. Social Impacts of Aadhar
Aadhar is a software program can also be said as technological development which can
comprehended the socio-technical process. It will just not include the information granted
through attributes (father name, mothers name, place of residence) but more over it is a unique
identification number provided to individual, more than attributed characteristics it will include
biometric details which will make one more individual in conducting official formalities, this can
be a tool to make one self sustainable and need not to depend on various other card for
individuals identity (excluding income tax card). This unique identification is necessary for the
Government as well as development authority to identify Individuals and also organizations like
schools, hospitals, even private organizations so that they can be easily tagged for providing
more specific service. if used properly the data provided through Aadhar will be the most
beneficial data for the upliftment of society and social development. In the sector of medical
facilities this will also indirectly result in increase in life expectancy as well as better
accountancy of medical facilities and services. Social drawbacks of backward areas can also be
removed by accounting the sex specific birth rate and may more
CHANGING BIOMETRICS
The process of verifying the identity of a role in an e-health service system. In the proposed
system each role of the underlying service system will be authenticated on the basis of “Aadhar”.
Although the minimum age for applying “Aadhaar” is five years but since the demographic
details of the persons changes with time and becomes stable after the age of 15. Therefore at
present we shall assume that the age of the user in this model is above 15 years. In case of an
emergency, suppose when an accident takes place in road or anywhere then the patient is taken
to the hospital. The hospital management tries to get information of that particular victim. Such
as Blood group, any allergies and other details before proceeding with the treatment. If we have
all the details of the victim’s medical history, we can save time and the treatment can be started

2. early and can help in saving a life. Thus we have the Medical details in the RFID card to process
faster. In our project we have a module called Hospital Details. This module will store all the
medical details, the past history and the fatal diseases that the victim has survived and the
concern doctors of the concern hospital where treatment has been carried out. So this will make
the treatment life saving. Now-a-days when any accident happens or any patient is brought to
hospital, the doctors first try to know the patient’s blood group, previous diseases, and allergies.
They start with their treatments after getting all these details. And this process needs at least few
hours; they will have to do blood test for getting the blood group and then will perform different
test so as to get the allergies. In our project we will store all the necessary details like blood
group, medical history which will help the doctor to know all the necessary details and the
treatment can be started instantly. There will be no wastage of time for getting the history and
blood group and in this way it will be helpful in saving life also.
Adoption of RFID[1]
in the medical industry has been widespread and very effective. Hospitals
are among the first users to combine both active and passive RFID technology. Many successful
deployments in the healthcare industry have been cited where active technology tracks high-
value, or frequently moved items, where passive technology tracks smaller, lower cost items that
only need room-level identification.
The trend is toward using ISO 18000-6c as the tag of choice and combining an active tagging
system that relies on existing 802.11X wireless infrastructure for active tags. Since 2004 a
number of U.S. hospitals have begun implanting patients with RFID tags and using RFID
systems, usually for workflow and inventory management. The use of RFID to prevent mix-ups
between sperm and ova in IVF clinics is also being considered. In October 2004, the FDA
approved USA's first RFID chips that can be implanted in humans.
The 134 kHz RFID chips, from VeriChip Corp. can incorporate personal medical information
and could save lives and limit injuries from errors in medical treatments, according to the
company. Anti-RFID activists Katherine Albrecht and Liz McIntyre discovered an FDA
Warning Letter that spelled out health risks. According to the FDA, these include "adverse tissue
reaction", "migration of the implanted transponder", "failure of implanted transponder",
"electrical hazards" and "magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] incompatibility."

3. E-HEALTH IN INDIAN CONTEXT
India is acquiring a sizable market in health care. Apollo Hospital, CSIR, CDAC,SGPGI , ISRO,
DIT are some of the major players in the implementation of e-health. Some of the recent e-health
initiatives are:
• Cloud Enabled E-health Center:-India’s first fully integrated cloud based e-health center
was launched on 1st December 2012 at the Chausala village in Haryana Kaithal District.
It was a joint effort of Council Of Scientific Research and Industrial Research(CSIR) and
Hewlett Packard. The purpose of this project is to facilitate preliminary and affordable
healthcare in remote rural regions preliminary and affordable healthcare in remote rural
regions preliminary and affordable healthcare in remote rural regions.
• Virtual Medical Kiosk:- E-health Access Pvt. Ltd, a healthcare based company launched
Virtual Medical Kiosk, which enables patient-doctor consultation in a secure
environment. Patients and doctors can communicate through phone, web cams, video
conferencing, messaging, or chat. Fig.1 is the image of the device which can be installed
in a variety of places: in a corporate for employee use, at a retail store, old age homes, or
even in a gated community[2]
.
Fig. 1 Virtual Medical Kiosk
• RFID Individual Tracking and Records Management (RFID-ITRM) e-health project at
Ahemdabad, Gujrat:-IEEE launched this project successfully in Ahmedabad. RFID-

4. ITRM technology is central to preventing medical errors, identifying victims of natural
disasters, and tracking and monitoring diseases and outbreaks, as well as infants and
vaccination history. An electronic medical record system is installed in a local
community health care center. The system is managed by local NGO Manav Sadhna. Fig.
2is the image of the clinic.
• E-health Project at Punjab:- An e-health clinic was established in Punjab in Malwa
region. A Hyderabad based NGO Naandi Foundation played a major role in launching
this project. This e-health clinic offers wide range of medical services for chronic disease
like cancer apart from specialized health care services through telemedicine and broad
band electronics methodology.
E-Health Via Aadhar
With the growing use of web based security privacy issues are rising over traditional medical
services. E-health service is also helpful to calculate the demographical aspect of a place.
The National Research Council in 1997 identified five classes of threats to consider for health
care systems. They are insiders who make innocent mistakes and cause accidental disclosure of
confidential information, insiders who knowingly access information through spite or profit, an
unauthorized physical intruder who gains access to information and vengeful employees and
outsiders. Health care services have different users like patients, doctors, nurses, official staff etc.
and each of them have different roles to play. Access to sensitive medical records should only be
provided to the authorized entity.
Some Of The Advantage
• The access control mechanism is based on the RBAC(role back access control) model
which focuses on the subjects’ job functions. Permission are assigned to the jobs, not
directly to the users. But this approach is not practical in health domain.
• It can be efficient to remove illegalness in medical sector in case of sex specific birth
rate, if the biometric details of infant is also captured there will be no miss leading figures

5. in case of female and male birth rate, on the other side it will also be helpful to know the
mortality rate at different age group for the place. Although the biometric delays may
change over time till the age group of 15 but this will at least change the thinking in rural
or backward area where female feticide is practices.
• The idea is to model each work task in the system as state machines. At each state, the
data access permission is granted based on resources required to move on to the next
state. For any entities involved, the information of all states statuses are stored in a
lookup table to improve processing speed. However this approach consumes a large
amount of memory space since an entity must store a copy of the status of all states in the
system[4]
.
• It will be easy for the doctor to know the medical history of patent such as some of the
basic details of blood group, previous diseases, and allergies
• Ethical practices of hospital can also be accounted through this since the data of patient
enrolled in hospital is taken the facilities to be provided in hospital cannot be bluffed
reuse of contaminated syringes and expired drugs
Some Of The Disadvantages
• RBAC mechanism is not flexible enough for capturing the dynamic behavior of
healthcare applications. For example in emergency situation if the concerned doctor is
out of town, another doctor is needed to attend the patient immediately.
• It will result in loss of privacy of people, since in India society prefer to have some
privacy in terms of their medical base example STD’s, plastic surgeries
Reference
1. "Machine Readable Travel Documents (MRTD)". ICAO. Retrieved June 15, 2006.
2. http://bussinesswireindia.com/PressRelease.asp,November2012
3. http://sites.ieee.org/societies /2012/05/09/,2012.
4. G. Russello C.Dong,N.Dulay,"A Workflow based access control framework for ehealth application",proc.
of the 22nd International conference on advanced information networking and applications-
workshops,pp.111-120, 2008.
5. researchpaper-Authenticating-Indian-E-Health-System-Through-Aadhaar-A-Unique-Identification