A2 intro recap [sept 2013]
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This document provides an introduction to criminal law concepts including the actus reus, mens rea, and defenses that could prevent conviction. It also discusses goal setting and grade expectations for an A2 law course. Students are asked to review their past grades, determine their average, and identify the grade that carries the highest chance and their goal grade for the A2 course based on past performance.
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Here is a suggested response:
This response shows some understanding of relevant factors that would be considered in sentencing, such as previous convictions and the seriousness of the offence.
However, there is more development needed to fully address the question. Points could be strengthened by linking factors directly to potential sentences, for example explaining that Stacey's previous convictions indicate she presents a risk of reoffending so a custodial sentence may be appropriate in her case.
Similarly for Joe, it doesn't fully explain how the amount stolen may impact the sentence - a small amount could mean a less serious sentence is given.
The response would also benefit from considering mitigating and aggravating factors together for each case to compare them more directly.
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Here are a few ways the images could link to sentencing in criminal law:
1. The scales of justice image represents fairness and balance in sentencing - weighing up aggravating and mitigating factors to determine a just punishment.
2. The gavel could symbolize the judge passing sentence after considering all the evidence in a case. It shows the authority involved in sentencing decisions.
3. The prison bars image directly relates to custodial sentences being one of the main types of punishment available in criminal law. Imprisonment is one of the most severe sentences that can be imposed.
4. The probation officer meeting with an offender on license could illustrate non-custodial sentences like community orders where offenders are supervised in the community as
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Diminished responsibility is a partial defence that allows a defendant charged with murder to argue they are guilty of manslaughter instead. There are four elements that must be proven: 1) the defendant was suffering from an abnormality of mental functioning, 2) caused by an underlying medical condition, 3) they were substantially impaired, and 4) the abnormality provides an explanation for the killing. The document discusses a case where a defendant named Philip Simelane was detained after pleading diminished responsibility, and examines some of the legal issues surrounding the partial defence.
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Here is a suggested response:
This response shows some understanding of relevant factors that would be considered in sentencing, such as previous convictions and the seriousness of the offence.
However, there is more development needed to fully address the question. Points could be strengthened by linking factors directly to potential sentences, for example explaining that Stacey's previous convictions indicate she presents a risk of reoffending so a custodial sentence may be appropriate in her case.
Similarly for Joe, it doesn't fully explain how the amount stolen may impact the sentence - a small amount could mean a less serious sentence is given.
The response would also benefit from considering mitigating and aggravating factors together for each case to compare them more directly.
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Danielle Mango has over 15 years of experience in marketing, communications, and media in Trinidad and Tobago. She currently works as a freelance radio announcer and senior account executive at Inglefield Ogilvy & Mather Caribbean. Previously, she was the director of her own marketing agency, Julie Mango Productions, where she produced a weekly men's magazine and other projects. She has also held positions managing accounts and creative services at other advertising agencies. Mango has extensive experience planning and coordinating various events and campaigns.
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S. Beena Rani is seeking a challenging opportunity to improve her overall skills and help an organization grow. She has a B.Com degree from Wesley Degree College for Women and completed her intermediate and secondary education. Her technical skills include Microsoft Office and her strengths are good communication, a hardworking nature, willingness to learn, and self-confidence. Her hobbies include indoor games and listening to music.
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Here are a few ways the images could link to sentencing in criminal law:
1. The scales of justice image represents fairness and balance in sentencing - weighing up aggravating and mitigating factors to determine a just punishment.
2. The gavel could symbolize the judge passing sentence after considering all the evidence in a case. It shows the authority involved in sentencing decisions.
3. The prison bars image directly relates to custodial sentences being one of the main types of punishment available in criminal law. Imprisonment is one of the most severe sentences that can be imposed.
4. The probation officer meeting with an offender on license could illustrate non-custodial sentences like community orders where offenders are supervised in the community as
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Diminished responsibility is a partial defence that allows a defendant charged with murder to argue they are guilty of manslaughter instead. There are four elements that must be proven: 1) the defendant was suffering from an abnormality of mental functioning, 2) caused by an underlying medical condition, 3) they were substantially impaired, and 4) the abnormality provides an explanation for the killing. The document discusses a case where a defendant named Philip Simelane was detained after pleading diminished responsibility, and examines some of the legal issues surrounding the partial defence.
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The document provides guidance to students on analyzing the effects that word choices create in a paragraph. It instructs students to:
1) Identify 4 powerful words or phrases from a sample paragraph
2) Note what each word or phrase makes them think of to understand the connotations
3) Explain the effect that each word or phrase creates by discussing its connotations and associations
4) Conclude with a statement about the overall effect of the paragraph based on the language choices
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- An analysis of language from the provided text extract as an example for answering question 2.
- Further instructions and examples for completing the exam paper creation task, including finding a linked external text for question 3.
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- Intention, which can be direct (foreseeing and intending the consequences) or oblique (intending one consequence but foreseeing and being liable for another).
- The development of the test for determining oblique intent and liability for unintended consequences over several cases, culminating in the "virtual certainty" test in R v Woollin.
- Types of mens rea like intention and how scenarios can illustrate direct versus oblique intent.
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A2 intro recap [sept 2013]
- 1. A2 Criminal Law The few... The brave...
- 2. Actus Reus: Can you tell me what guilty acts might look like?
- 3. Mens Rea: What about the mind of a criminal?
- 4. Finally: What else might get in the way of a conviction?
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