This document discusses a Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) for Family Aids Care and Educational Services (FACES) in Kenya. FACES provides care for over 100,000 HIV/AIDS patients through various departments including its laboratory department. The laboratory department currently faces challenges in collecting, managing, and disseminating test samples and results. The objective of this project is to design and develop a working prototype of a LIMS to address these challenges. The LIMS will be developed using a waterfall methodology based on user requirements gathered through interviews and observations at the laboratory.
Instrument of Change: Creating the next generation of Laboratory MiddlewareTodd Winey
These healthcare challenges create opportunities for the next generation of middleware to provide even more value to labs and the clinicians who depend on them. It requires a shift in thinking about the place and role of lab middleware, as it evolves from an operational tool to a platform that serves all of the business needs associated with running a laboratory.
Laboratory information management system (LIMS)JYOTIRMOY ROY
A Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) is software that allows you to effectively manage samples and associated data to improve lab efficiency. By using a LIMS, your lab can automate workflows, integrate instruments, and manage samples and associated information.
THE 4 R’S – REASON, REDCAP, REVIEW AND RESEARCH - IN A LARGE HEALTHCARE ORGAN...hiij
This paper outlines the journey of a large Australian academic health service in relation to the acquisition,
installation and roll out of the REDCap platform (RCP) for the betterment of clinical review (clinical audit)
and research data collection. The main aims of the acquisition of the platform were to facilitate data collection and management for audit and research across the organization in a more sustainable way than had previously been possible. We found the platform to be easily installed and maintained. There was rapid uptake of the platform by a range of health service stakeholders across the audit, research and operational domains. We were also able to successfully integrate data from our corporate clinical data environment,
The REASON Discovery Platform R (REASON) into selected REDCap “applications” using the Dynamic Data Pull (DDP) functionality it provides. In summary the acquisition and installation of REDCap at our health service has been hugely successful and has provided a great facility for use by a large number of organizational stakeholders going forwards into the future.
A tool was designed to empower healthcare professionals to design and evolve databases based on their knowledge of data entry forms without needing database expertise. A user study was conducted where healthcare professionals used the tool to replicate existing forms and create new ones. The study found that participants felt accomplished using the tool and performed innovations like format switching. While format semantics were understood, distinguishing between sub-categories and fields was difficult. The tool aims to generate high-quality databases by mapping forms to appropriate database elements based on normalization, minimalism, correctness, completeness, persistence and traceability dimensions.
The document describes a proposed e-healthcare system that would automate a hospital's manual patient, doctor, and receptionist record-keeping system. It notes limitations of current manual systems like incomplete or inconsistent data. The proposed system would use computer equipment and software to securely store healthcare information for easy access and management. This would help staff focus on other tasks than record-keeping and help the hospital better manage resources. The system architecture includes modules for administration, doctors, and receptionists to manage user accounts and patient records.
LOINC is a standardized clinical terminology system that provides universal codes and names to unambiguously identify clinical observations and laboratory tests, enabling the exchange of clinical results. While LOINC can improve clinical and laboratory environments, many clinicians are unaware of it. Laboratories use laboratory information systems to manage testing and results, but legacy systems can limit interoperability with modern electronic medical records and instruments. Proper integration through middleware allows laboratory data to be shared with other laboratories and electronic medical records to improve patient care and outcomes.
healthcare application using cloud platformSwathi Rampur
This document proposes a novel cloud platform architecture for ubiquitous healthcare services. The architecture includes six layers and utilizes a message queue as a cloud engine. Each layer achieves relative independence through loose coupling via publish/subscribe messaging. The platform is tested and found to satisfy high concurrent requests for ubiquitous healthcare services with robust, stable, and efficient features. A plug-in algorithm framework allows adaptive access to massive medical data.
The document discusses a data management solution from IDBS for biopharmaceutical companies. It manages diverse data from multiple sources and formats. The solution improves compliance, streamlines workflows, enhances data access and reporting, and provides insights to reduce drug development time and costs. It enables end-to-end management of the complex biologics development and production process.
Instrument of Change: Creating the next generation of Laboratory MiddlewareTodd Winey
These healthcare challenges create opportunities for the next generation of middleware to provide even more value to labs and the clinicians who depend on them. It requires a shift in thinking about the place and role of lab middleware, as it evolves from an operational tool to a platform that serves all of the business needs associated with running a laboratory.
Laboratory information management system (LIMS)JYOTIRMOY ROY
A Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) is software that allows you to effectively manage samples and associated data to improve lab efficiency. By using a LIMS, your lab can automate workflows, integrate instruments, and manage samples and associated information.
THE 4 R’S – REASON, REDCAP, REVIEW AND RESEARCH - IN A LARGE HEALTHCARE ORGAN...hiij
This paper outlines the journey of a large Australian academic health service in relation to the acquisition,
installation and roll out of the REDCap platform (RCP) for the betterment of clinical review (clinical audit)
and research data collection. The main aims of the acquisition of the platform were to facilitate data collection and management for audit and research across the organization in a more sustainable way than had previously been possible. We found the platform to be easily installed and maintained. There was rapid uptake of the platform by a range of health service stakeholders across the audit, research and operational domains. We were also able to successfully integrate data from our corporate clinical data environment,
The REASON Discovery Platform R (REASON) into selected REDCap “applications” using the Dynamic Data Pull (DDP) functionality it provides. In summary the acquisition and installation of REDCap at our health service has been hugely successful and has provided a great facility for use by a large number of organizational stakeholders going forwards into the future.
A tool was designed to empower healthcare professionals to design and evolve databases based on their knowledge of data entry forms without needing database expertise. A user study was conducted where healthcare professionals used the tool to replicate existing forms and create new ones. The study found that participants felt accomplished using the tool and performed innovations like format switching. While format semantics were understood, distinguishing between sub-categories and fields was difficult. The tool aims to generate high-quality databases by mapping forms to appropriate database elements based on normalization, minimalism, correctness, completeness, persistence and traceability dimensions.
The document describes a proposed e-healthcare system that would automate a hospital's manual patient, doctor, and receptionist record-keeping system. It notes limitations of current manual systems like incomplete or inconsistent data. The proposed system would use computer equipment and software to securely store healthcare information for easy access and management. This would help staff focus on other tasks than record-keeping and help the hospital better manage resources. The system architecture includes modules for administration, doctors, and receptionists to manage user accounts and patient records.
LOINC is a standardized clinical terminology system that provides universal codes and names to unambiguously identify clinical observations and laboratory tests, enabling the exchange of clinical results. While LOINC can improve clinical and laboratory environments, many clinicians are unaware of it. Laboratories use laboratory information systems to manage testing and results, but legacy systems can limit interoperability with modern electronic medical records and instruments. Proper integration through middleware allows laboratory data to be shared with other laboratories and electronic medical records to improve patient care and outcomes.
healthcare application using cloud platformSwathi Rampur
This document proposes a novel cloud platform architecture for ubiquitous healthcare services. The architecture includes six layers and utilizes a message queue as a cloud engine. Each layer achieves relative independence through loose coupling via publish/subscribe messaging. The platform is tested and found to satisfy high concurrent requests for ubiquitous healthcare services with robust, stable, and efficient features. A plug-in algorithm framework allows adaptive access to massive medical data.
The document discusses a data management solution from IDBS for biopharmaceutical companies. It manages diverse data from multiple sources and formats. The solution improves compliance, streamlines workflows, enhances data access and reporting, and provides insights to reduce drug development time and costs. It enables end-to-end management of the complex biologics development and production process.
This document describes Sample Master®, a laboratory information management system (LIMS) for tracking samples and laboratory data. It has modular components that allow laboratories to customize it for their needs. Sample Master® integrates with other software, automates workflows, and improves productivity, efficiency, and data security for laboratories of any size. It comes with implementation, training, and long-term support services from the vendor, Accelerated Technology Laboratories.
This document describes a patient management system project for a university. The system aims to automate a hospital's manual patient record keeping system. It will computerize patient, doctor, and hospital details to make record keeping more efficient. The system will allow scheduling appointments, tracking medical bills and patient rooms. It will generate reports on patient information and utilize databases to store records. Diagrams including data flow diagrams and entity-relationship diagrams are provided to illustrate the system's design and data structure.
This document provides an overview and requirements for developing a Hospital Management System. It describes collecting both primary and secondary data. Key objectives of the system are to computerize patient and hospital details, schedule appointments and services, update medical store inventory, handle test reports, and keep patient information up-to-date. The system will have modules for login, patients, doctors, billing, and generating reports. It will use a relational database with tables for patient, doctor, room, and bill details.
This document provides a project report for a Hospital Management System developed as part of an MCA degree program. It includes an introduction outlining the objectives to develop a computerized system to more efficiently store and retrieve hospital information. The report describes the hardware and software requirements including the use of Java, databases, and tools. It explains the scope of the project and provides an acknowledgment.
The document describes a clinic management system that was developed for a client. The system allows for centralized management of patient data across multiple clinic locations. It provides doctors with daily schedules, allows patients to book and pay for appointments, and includes modules for registration, labs, reports, employee profiles and more. The system was developed using ASP.Net and MVC architecture, with a SQL database. It integrates with a third party scheduling software and uses a SAAS model to manage multi-location access and data.
The document provides an overview of a hospital management system project. It describes the existing manual system and its limitations. The proposed computerized system aims to overcome these limitations by providing features such as unique patient IDs, search capabilities, and automated billing. The system will use Visual Basic 6.0 for the front end, MS Access as the back end database, and be installed on PCs meeting the specified hardware requirements. It will allow secure, fast, and efficient management of hospital operations and data.
This document discusses medical databases and networking. It provides background on what databases and medical databases are. It then discusses the origin and classification of medical databases. Several specific medical databases are listed and described briefly. The document also discusses the National Library of Medicine's role in developing search and retrieval programs. Key databases like MEDLINE and GPnotebook are summarized. The relationship between networking and databases is explored, how they enable data sharing and integration. Problems that arose and developments that helped advance medical databases and networking are noted.
Vaccine Stock Management Tool - System documentationOtieno Julie
This is the system documentation for my final undergraduate year project. The system was a Vaccine Management System for the National Vaccine & Immunization Program - Kenya. We worked in partnership with the Clinton Health Access Initiative - Kenya to research, develop and deploy the system. The phase one deployment is currently ongoing.
Hospital management System (asp.net with c#)Project reportabhishek singh
This document is a report on a six week summer training project on a Hospital Management System completed by Abhisekh Kumar Singh at Sreyanshi Consultancy from June 12 to July 12, 2015 under the guidance of Mr. Ashok Verma. The report includes an introduction, declaration, acknowledgements, index of sections, and sections on the organization overview, existing system, problem analysis, software requirements, design including tables and flowcharts, source code, screenshots, Gantt chart, lessons learned, and bibliography.
Application of computers in hospital managementKm Ashif
This document discusses the application of computers in hospital management. It notes that hospitals can use either readymade software purchased from the market or hire a company to develop custom software. The ideal hospital management software would include modules for patient registration, outpatient and inpatient management, dietary needs, doctor scheduling, inventory, laboratory information, and more.
HospitalSoftwareShop provides exhaustive LIS Software - Laboratory Information System -for Pathology Labs. Being web-based makes lab software globally accessible. Software for labs offers widest range of pathology tests, direct integration with lab equipment without manual intervention reduces errors and time
Complete project on hospital maangement systemRahul Kumar
This document provides an overview of a proposed hospital management system project. It includes sections on feasibility study, requirement analysis, structured analysis, system requirements including hardware and software, system design including data flow diagrams and program description, and conclusions. The feasibility study found the project to be technically, economically, and operationally feasible. Requirements analysis involved understanding user needs through questionnaires. Structured analysis tools included data flow diagrams, data dictionaries, and process descriptions. The system requirements specified the hardware as a Pentium III with 128MB RAM and software as Windows with Turbo C++. The system design section provided high level and level 1 data flow diagrams. In conclusions, the system was found to provide improvements over a manual system and future enhancements
Why should you invest in a Lab Information Management System?MocDoc
A Lab Management Software is simply a tool that can ease the operations involved in modern laboratories by automating most of them. As an all-inclusive software including lab management system, ERP tools, data analytics tool and virtual software, LIMS efficiently works out on the laboratory informatics. While each of the operations involved in LIMS is possible manually, why should one choose the software? Here is why:
https://mocdoc.in/blog/why-should-you-invest-in-a-lab-information-management-system
The document describes a hospital management system project created using Visual Basic 6.0. It includes 3 modules - admin, user (patient) and doctor modules. The admin can manage departments, users, doctors and view reports. Patients can view appointments, medications and history. Doctors can manage patient accounts. It discusses hardware requirements of Intel dual core processor and 512MB RAM and software requirements of Windows OS and MS Access database. Entity relationship and data flow diagrams are presented to illustrate the database and system design. The system aims to computerize hospital management for secure storage and fast retrieval of patient information.
automated doctor appointment and prescription management systemluckymoni76
This document presents an automated doctor appointment and patient prescription management system. The system aims to design and develop a web-based system to allow patients to easily book appointments and for administrators to manage schedules and patient information. It reviews similar existing systems and identifies problems such as excess workload for doctors. The proposed solution separates doctor and administrator roles and includes user accounts. The system will be developed using an incremental methodology and utilize MySQL, Notepad++, Xampp server, and a web browser. Screenshots of the home, patient, doctor, and admin panels are included.
IRJET- Mobile Assisted Remote Healthcare ServiceIRJET Journal
This document describes a mobile application that provides remote healthcare services using data mining techniques. The application allows users to input symptoms and will then predict potential diseases, provide first aid recommendations, locate nearby hospitals, and book appointments with doctors. It is intended to help patients, health workers, and those in remote areas access healthcare services. The application protects patient privacy and includes access controls for data. It uses a knowledge-based model stored as a graph database to make diagnoses and recommendations by identifying relationships between diseases, symptoms, and information.
IRJET- Automated Health Care Management System using Big Data TechnologyIRJET Journal
This document discusses an automated healthcare management system using big data technology. It proposes using Apache HIVE and MapReduce on Hadoop to analyze patient data at large scale. The system would help analyze which patients are spending more money than others. It discusses challenges with existing systems and how distributed computing using Hadoop could help process large volumes of healthcare data.
This document provides a summary of the requirements for a Hospital Management System software project. It outlines several key sections and modules of the software, including patient registration and records, a human resources module, accounting and inventory tracking. The system is intended to automate all operations of a hospital and provide relevant information to doctors, administrators, and other users. It will integrate various aspects of hospital management and replace manual record keeping. The document describes the intended users, system dependencies, interface requirements, and overall features and modules of the hospital management system.
A Conferência Municipal de Políticas Urbanas de Belo Horizonte foi adiada para depois da Copa do Mundo, com conclusão em 2 de agosto. Alguns setores, como a construção civil, queriam suspender os trabalhos até estudos de viabilidade, mas o secretário afirma que todos os estudos necessários estão disponíveis. Há debates sobre a cobrança proposta pela prefeitura para construções acima do terreno.
O documento apresenta conceitos fundamentais da teoria econômica, como escassez de recursos e necessidade de escolhas, e discute os ramos da macroeconomia e microeconomia. Também aborda conceitos como eficácia, efetividade, eficiência, custo de oportunidade, custos fixos e variáveis, e custos diretos, indiretos e intangíveis na análise econômica de sistemas de saúde.
This document describes Sample Master®, a laboratory information management system (LIMS) for tracking samples and laboratory data. It has modular components that allow laboratories to customize it for their needs. Sample Master® integrates with other software, automates workflows, and improves productivity, efficiency, and data security for laboratories of any size. It comes with implementation, training, and long-term support services from the vendor, Accelerated Technology Laboratories.
This document describes a patient management system project for a university. The system aims to automate a hospital's manual patient record keeping system. It will computerize patient, doctor, and hospital details to make record keeping more efficient. The system will allow scheduling appointments, tracking medical bills and patient rooms. It will generate reports on patient information and utilize databases to store records. Diagrams including data flow diagrams and entity-relationship diagrams are provided to illustrate the system's design and data structure.
This document provides an overview and requirements for developing a Hospital Management System. It describes collecting both primary and secondary data. Key objectives of the system are to computerize patient and hospital details, schedule appointments and services, update medical store inventory, handle test reports, and keep patient information up-to-date. The system will have modules for login, patients, doctors, billing, and generating reports. It will use a relational database with tables for patient, doctor, room, and bill details.
This document provides a project report for a Hospital Management System developed as part of an MCA degree program. It includes an introduction outlining the objectives to develop a computerized system to more efficiently store and retrieve hospital information. The report describes the hardware and software requirements including the use of Java, databases, and tools. It explains the scope of the project and provides an acknowledgment.
The document describes a clinic management system that was developed for a client. The system allows for centralized management of patient data across multiple clinic locations. It provides doctors with daily schedules, allows patients to book and pay for appointments, and includes modules for registration, labs, reports, employee profiles and more. The system was developed using ASP.Net and MVC architecture, with a SQL database. It integrates with a third party scheduling software and uses a SAAS model to manage multi-location access and data.
The document provides an overview of a hospital management system project. It describes the existing manual system and its limitations. The proposed computerized system aims to overcome these limitations by providing features such as unique patient IDs, search capabilities, and automated billing. The system will use Visual Basic 6.0 for the front end, MS Access as the back end database, and be installed on PCs meeting the specified hardware requirements. It will allow secure, fast, and efficient management of hospital operations and data.
This document discusses medical databases and networking. It provides background on what databases and medical databases are. It then discusses the origin and classification of medical databases. Several specific medical databases are listed and described briefly. The document also discusses the National Library of Medicine's role in developing search and retrieval programs. Key databases like MEDLINE and GPnotebook are summarized. The relationship between networking and databases is explored, how they enable data sharing and integration. Problems that arose and developments that helped advance medical databases and networking are noted.
Vaccine Stock Management Tool - System documentationOtieno Julie
This is the system documentation for my final undergraduate year project. The system was a Vaccine Management System for the National Vaccine & Immunization Program - Kenya. We worked in partnership with the Clinton Health Access Initiative - Kenya to research, develop and deploy the system. The phase one deployment is currently ongoing.
Hospital management System (asp.net with c#)Project reportabhishek singh
This document is a report on a six week summer training project on a Hospital Management System completed by Abhisekh Kumar Singh at Sreyanshi Consultancy from June 12 to July 12, 2015 under the guidance of Mr. Ashok Verma. The report includes an introduction, declaration, acknowledgements, index of sections, and sections on the organization overview, existing system, problem analysis, software requirements, design including tables and flowcharts, source code, screenshots, Gantt chart, lessons learned, and bibliography.
Application of computers in hospital managementKm Ashif
This document discusses the application of computers in hospital management. It notes that hospitals can use either readymade software purchased from the market or hire a company to develop custom software. The ideal hospital management software would include modules for patient registration, outpatient and inpatient management, dietary needs, doctor scheduling, inventory, laboratory information, and more.
HospitalSoftwareShop provides exhaustive LIS Software - Laboratory Information System -for Pathology Labs. Being web-based makes lab software globally accessible. Software for labs offers widest range of pathology tests, direct integration with lab equipment without manual intervention reduces errors and time
Complete project on hospital maangement systemRahul Kumar
This document provides an overview of a proposed hospital management system project. It includes sections on feasibility study, requirement analysis, structured analysis, system requirements including hardware and software, system design including data flow diagrams and program description, and conclusions. The feasibility study found the project to be technically, economically, and operationally feasible. Requirements analysis involved understanding user needs through questionnaires. Structured analysis tools included data flow diagrams, data dictionaries, and process descriptions. The system requirements specified the hardware as a Pentium III with 128MB RAM and software as Windows with Turbo C++. The system design section provided high level and level 1 data flow diagrams. In conclusions, the system was found to provide improvements over a manual system and future enhancements
Why should you invest in a Lab Information Management System?MocDoc
A Lab Management Software is simply a tool that can ease the operations involved in modern laboratories by automating most of them. As an all-inclusive software including lab management system, ERP tools, data analytics tool and virtual software, LIMS efficiently works out on the laboratory informatics. While each of the operations involved in LIMS is possible manually, why should one choose the software? Here is why:
https://mocdoc.in/blog/why-should-you-invest-in-a-lab-information-management-system
The document describes a hospital management system project created using Visual Basic 6.0. It includes 3 modules - admin, user (patient) and doctor modules. The admin can manage departments, users, doctors and view reports. Patients can view appointments, medications and history. Doctors can manage patient accounts. It discusses hardware requirements of Intel dual core processor and 512MB RAM and software requirements of Windows OS and MS Access database. Entity relationship and data flow diagrams are presented to illustrate the database and system design. The system aims to computerize hospital management for secure storage and fast retrieval of patient information.
automated doctor appointment and prescription management systemluckymoni76
This document presents an automated doctor appointment and patient prescription management system. The system aims to design and develop a web-based system to allow patients to easily book appointments and for administrators to manage schedules and patient information. It reviews similar existing systems and identifies problems such as excess workload for doctors. The proposed solution separates doctor and administrator roles and includes user accounts. The system will be developed using an incremental methodology and utilize MySQL, Notepad++, Xampp server, and a web browser. Screenshots of the home, patient, doctor, and admin panels are included.
IRJET- Mobile Assisted Remote Healthcare ServiceIRJET Journal
This document describes a mobile application that provides remote healthcare services using data mining techniques. The application allows users to input symptoms and will then predict potential diseases, provide first aid recommendations, locate nearby hospitals, and book appointments with doctors. It is intended to help patients, health workers, and those in remote areas access healthcare services. The application protects patient privacy and includes access controls for data. It uses a knowledge-based model stored as a graph database to make diagnoses and recommendations by identifying relationships between diseases, symptoms, and information.
IRJET- Automated Health Care Management System using Big Data TechnologyIRJET Journal
This document discusses an automated healthcare management system using big data technology. It proposes using Apache HIVE and MapReduce on Hadoop to analyze patient data at large scale. The system would help analyze which patients are spending more money than others. It discusses challenges with existing systems and how distributed computing using Hadoop could help process large volumes of healthcare data.
This document provides a summary of the requirements for a Hospital Management System software project. It outlines several key sections and modules of the software, including patient registration and records, a human resources module, accounting and inventory tracking. The system is intended to automate all operations of a hospital and provide relevant information to doctors, administrators, and other users. It will integrate various aspects of hospital management and replace manual record keeping. The document describes the intended users, system dependencies, interface requirements, and overall features and modules of the hospital management system.
A Conferência Municipal de Políticas Urbanas de Belo Horizonte foi adiada para depois da Copa do Mundo, com conclusão em 2 de agosto. Alguns setores, como a construção civil, queriam suspender os trabalhos até estudos de viabilidade, mas o secretário afirma que todos os estudos necessários estão disponíveis. Há debates sobre a cobrança proposta pela prefeitura para construções acima do terreno.
O documento apresenta conceitos fundamentais da teoria econômica, como escassez de recursos e necessidade de escolhas, e discute os ramos da macroeconomia e microeconomia. Também aborda conceitos como eficácia, efetividade, eficiência, custo de oportunidade, custos fixos e variáveis, e custos diretos, indiretos e intangíveis na análise econômica de sistemas de saúde.
A TDC é uma empresa brasileira especializada em educação corporativa e desenvolvimento gerencial, oferecendo cursos, workshops, palestras e consultoria para ajudar empresas e profissionais a transformarem conhecimento em ação e resultados. Ela trabalha com diversos parceiros internacionais para fornecer soluções customizadas de treinamento e capacitação.
Unified Communications - presentation på DataföreningenEfftel
Efftel presenterade 28 april 2010 på Dataföreningens seminarium under rubriken "Hur du utvecklar ditt företag med Unified Communications".
Efftel gav råd och tips om hur UC bör införas. Under seminariet diskuterades en definition av Unified Communications. Den Telepo-baserade mobilväxeltjänsten Efftel Max demonstrerades också. Mer info: http://www.efftel.com
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Camara aprova manutenção obrigatória para calibradores de pneusTransvias
Este projeto de lei propõe tornar obrigatória a manutenção e regulagem periódica dos equipamentos de calibragem de pneus em postos de combustível para garantir sua precisão e segurança dos motoristas.
Este documento habla sobre las actividades diarias de un niño como jugar con Pompom, lavarse las manos y desayunar, así como desear felices fiestas al final.
This document discusses seed quality assurance and related topics. It emphasizes that seed quality is essential for higher agricultural productivity. Ensuring quality involves precision at various stages from pre-production to post-production testing. Modern techniques like DNA fingerprinting and image analysis can help evaluate genetic and trait purity. Seed enhancement methods like priming can improve germination and seedling vigor. Maintaining variety purity, revising quality standards, capacity building and infrastructure development are needed to further improve seed quality assurance.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow and levels of neurotransmitters and endorphins which elevate and stabilize mood.
Image Advantage Services Overview June 2009Marc Didemus
Image Advantage is a document scanning service located in Ontario that specializes in scanning paper documents, photos, drawings, and books and storing them digitally on CDs or DVDs. They offer services such as scanning, optical character recognition, document imaging consulting and training, electronic records management systems, GIS services, CD and DVD publishing and replication, and conversion of tapes to DVD format. Clients can contact Image Advantage for help digitizing and organizing their paper records.
O documento discute três problemas relacionados à avaliação de tecnologias em saúde no Brasil: 1) se a mamografia de rotina deve ser oferecida para mulheres abaixo dos 40 anos; 2) se novos medicamentos com ação terapêutica semelhante devem ser incluídos na lista do SUS; 3) qual nova vacina deve ser incluída no calendário nacional de vacinação.
Tugas PKN membahas pentingnya cinta tanah air dan cara meningkatkannya. Cinta tanah air berarti rela berkorban untuk negara dan membela dari segala ancaman. Perlunya menanamkan rasa cinta tanah air pada remaja karena akan membangun jiwa kebangsaan dan membuat negara menjadi kebanggaan.
Los biocombustibles son combustibles derivados de plantas que ayudan a reducir los gases de efecto invernadero pero tienen varias desventajas. Pueden desviar tierras de cultivo de alimentos a biocombustibles, lo que aumentaría los precios de los alimentos. Además, la producción de biocombustibles puede requerir más energía fósil de la que generan y reducir la diversidad biológica al convertir tierras silvestres en cultivos. Algunos ejemplos de biocombustibles son el biodiesel, el bioet
Gesture Recognition using Principle Component Analysis & Viola-Jones AlgorithmIJMER
Gesture recognition pertains to recognizing meaningful expressions of motion by a human,
involving the hands, arms, face, head, and/or body. It is of utmost importance in designing an intelligent
and efficient human–computer interface. The applications of gesture recognition are manifold, ranging
from sign language through medical rehabilitation to virtual reality. In this paper, we provide a survey on
gesture recognition with particular emphasis on hand gestures and facial expressions. Applications
involving wavelet transform and principal component analysis for face and hand gesture recognition on
digital images
This document provides an overview of hospital management systems and the benefits of web-based systems. It discusses that web-based systems allow for simultaneous access to data from various points and integration of all parties. The document then reviews characteristics of web-based systems like multiple autonomous components and points of control/failure. Benefits of a hospital management web-based system include improved patient care through increased access to records, improved cost control through standardized processes, and increased security of patient information.
This document discusses laboratory information systems (LIS). It begins by defining an LIS as a healthcare software solution that processes, stores, and manages patient data related to laboratory processes and testing. It then describes how an LIS works, recording, managing, updating, and storing patient testing data for clinical and anatomic pathology laboratories. The document also outlines the core components of an LIS, including sample tracking, protocol execution, and storage organization. It discusses why LIS are important for modern laboratories, noting they are crucial for organization, accuracy, and collaboration.
This teaching material on laboratory information management systems (LIMS) can be freely distributed and adapted for non-commercial purposes provided the original sources are referenced. A LIMS is a computerized system that manages laboratory data from sample receipt through result reporting and storage. It interfaces with analytical instruments, organizes data, and stores it for future use. Implementing a LIMS improves data management, enables centralization of information, and supports business processes.
This document describes a proposed health center management system for students at UniSZA. Currently, students must fill out forms each time they visit and medical records are manually tracked. The proposed system aims to design a mobile health center management system that allows students to register online and view their medical records digitally. It will also allow medical assistants to easily access student records and enter medical details into the system. The document outlines the background, objectives, scope, methodology and design of the proposed system using tools like context diagrams, data flow diagrams and entity relationship diagrams.
Design and Implementation of Hospital Management System Using JavaIOSR Journals
This document describes the design and implementation of a Hospital Management System (HMS) using Java. The HMS was developed to address challenges with manual hospital management processes and provide benefits like streamlined operations and enhanced patient care. It includes modules for patient management, services management, appointments, the pharmacy, admissions and accounting. The system uses a database to store patient and medical records and allows users to view records, diagnoses and drug prescriptions. Test results showed the HMS met user requirements and provided functionality like registering patients, viewing inpatient data and the drug database. It was concluded the HMS can help hospitals enhance patient care and increase organizational profitability by improving operational control and streamlining processes.
Health institution requires quality data and information management to function effectively and efficiently. It is an understatement to say that many organizations, institutions or government agencies have become critically dependent on the use of database system for their successes especially in the hospital. This work aims at developing an improved hospital information management system using a function-based approach. An efficient HIMS that can be used to manage patient information and its administration is presented in this work. This is with the goal of eradicating the problem of improper data keeping, inaccurate reports, wastage of time in storing, processing and retrieving information faced by the existing hospital information system in order to improve the overall efficiency of the health institution. The system was developed with Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP), and My Structured Query Language (MySQL). The new system was tested using data collected from Renewal Clinic, Ibadan, Nigeria was used as case study were the data for the research was collected and the system was tested. The system provides a vital platform of information storage and retrieval in hospitals.
A Greybox Hospital Information System in the Medical Center Tobruk Libya base...IOSR Journals
This document presents a study on developing a greybox hospital information system for the Medical Center in Tobruk, Libya based on the Three-layer Graph-based Model (3LGM). The study aims to model the current information system and propose improvements using 3LGM. It describes modeling the main functions, logical and physical layers, use cases, and databases for patient, doctor, and clinical documentation data. Tables compare 3LGM to other models. Figures illustrate the domain layers, tools layers, use cases, and database tables. The conclusion is that all tasks were successfully completed to develop and implement an information system model to support management of patient, doctor, and clinical data using 3LGM.
The document proposes a hospital management system to automate the manual paper-based system currently used. It aims to standardize data, consolidate records, ensure data integrity and reduce inconsistencies. The system would manage patient information, staff details, schedules and other facilities digitally. It faces challenges in designing and implementing the new system, and maintaining it going forward to address errors, adapt to changes and allow for enhancements. The system requirements include user interfaces, hardware and software needs, and communication protocols to allow the system to work across platforms and browsers. It is concluded that the automated system would improve efficiency, provide a friendly interface, enable easy access and updating of information, and offer security and reliability benefits over the existing manual process.
THE 4 R’S – REASON, REDCAP, REVIEW AND RESEARCH -IN A LARGE HEALTHCARE ORGANI...hiij
This paper outlines the journey of a large Australian academic health service in relation to the acquisition,
installation and roll out of the REDCap platform (RCP) for the betterment of clinical review (clinical audit)
and research data collection. The main aims of the acquisition of the platform were to facilitate data
collection and management for audit and research across the organization in a more sustainable way than
had previously been possible. We found the platform to be easily installed and maintained. There was rapid
uptake of the platform by a range of health service stakeholders across the audit, research and operational
domains. We were also able to successfully integrate data from our corporate clinical data environment,
The REASON Discovery Platform R
(REASON) into selected REDCap “applications” using the Dynamic
Data Pull (DDP) functionality it provides. In summary the acquisition and installation of REDCap at our
health service has been hugely successful and has provided a great facility for use by a large number of
organizational stakeholders going forwards into the future.
THE 4 R’S – REASON, REDCAP, REVIEW AND RESEARCH - IN A LARGE HEALTHCARE ORGAN...hiij
The organization acquired the REDCap platform to facilitate clinical review and research data collection in a more sustainable way than previous methods. They found REDCap was easily installed and maintained, with rapid uptake across various stakeholders. Data from the organization's clinical data environment was successfully integrated into REDCap using its Dynamic Data Pull functionality. In summary, acquiring and installing REDCap has been hugely successful, providing a great facility for a large number of organizational stakeholders going forward.
This document summarizes a research paper on developing a web-based health care management system. It discusses the need for digitizing hospital management processes to increase efficiency. The proposed system would allow patients to book appointments online, give doctors access to patient records and histories, and help hospital administrators manage daily operations and record keeping in a centralized digital manner. It outlines the objectives, research gaps, literature review on similar systems, proposed system methodology using web technologies, and expected features and results of the new management system. The system aims to streamline hospital management through a unified digital platform.
This presentation discusses pathology informatics and laboratory information systems. It begins by defining pathology informatics and the pathologist's role as an information officer. It then describes common health care information systems, focusing on the laboratory information system. The key features of an LIS including hardware, software, specialized functions for anatomical and clinical pathology, and interfaces between information systems are explained. Finally, communication standards and the future of informatics are briefly discussed.
The document describes a prototype for a web-based clinical form that can be used across electronic medical record (EMR) systems to capture standardized data on patients with multiple chronic conditions. The form automatically populates patient data, expands/collapses based on patient conditions, provides clinical guidelines, and classifies medications. User testing found high ratings for usefulness, ease of use, and productivity benefits. While the prototype shows promise, further work is needed to better integrate it within EMRs and allow two-way sharing of data.
Leading Healthcare Advancement_ Pathology Lab Software Takes the Helm.pptxMocDoc
Discover how cutting-edge pathology lab software is transforming diagnostic processes and enhancing patient care. Explore features, case studies, and the future of healthcare dynamics.
Recent research states that using new and emerging
technologies in the areas of telecommunications are widely
used in healthcare sector. The system Intelligent Electornic
Patient Record Management System (IEPRMS) is a
centralized database contains the in-patient record. It was
implemented using PHP & MYSQL combination. The
database record contains the patient personal info, department
lies-in, physician, tours, ,treatment and lab results. Since the
patient enters the hospital the workflow starts as the reception
user creates new record by entering the personal info and
sends the record to assigned department; at this stage the nurse
starts update the record by entering the physician comments,
required treatment, and sends lab test when it is required. The
procedure continues as long as the patient still in the hospital.
At last when the patient recovered or died the International
Classsification of Diseases(ICD) inserted to the record and out
or died date. In addition there are many supported tables that
can be updated manually through independent pages by IT
administrator. These tables like Physician names, medicines,
lab tests, users and ICDs. As the system consists of different
users and different user permissions. Also there are advance
search that can help to make statistical reports and researches
for the physicians. The system is considered time and cost
effective to healthcare.
sLis Enterprise Suite is a highly customizable laboratory information system (LIS) that can support all departments of a clinical or radiology laboratory. It uses a single database to share information across departments and users. The suite includes modules for laboratory information management, quality control, sample storage, radiology information systems, scheduling, results delivery, inventory management, and invoicing. It is designed to optimize laboratory workflows, integrate with third-party applications, and provide enterprise-wide management of laboratory data and processes.
This document proposes an information systems strategic plan for the Medical Mission Group Hospital and Health Services Cooperative. It recommends adopting an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system to integrate the hospital's patient records, billing, and accounting processes. The ERP would make operations more efficient and cost-effective by transitioning to electronic medical records, billing, and accounting. The initial investment is estimated at $350,000 with a return on investment of 3-5 years from increased revenue and cost savings. It provides a SWOT analysis and outlines the current IT status, vision, objectives, and recommendations for implementing the ERP system successfully.
Computer applications in Pharmacy BP205T Unit V - Computer as data analysis t...premkumar baviskar
B pharmacy Semester II notes of Computer applicatons in Pharmacy BP205T on Unit V - Computer as data analysis tool in Preclinical Development, as per PCI Syllabus
This is my College Project Documentation on Hospital Management System. Which includes mainly Problem Definition, Existing System, Proposed System, Requirement Analysis, Scope of the System, Feasibility Study, Hardware & Software Requirement, ER Diagram, DFD Diagram, Data Dictionary for Project, Sample Output Screenshots, Conclusion
This document proposes methods for generating electricity from speed breakers. It discusses 5 classifications of speed breaker power generators that use different mechanisms: 1) a chain drive mechanism, 2) a rack and pinion system, 3) direct use of the load through a reciprocating device, 4) a translator and stator topology, and 5) a pressure lever mechanism. The document also outlines the advantages of using speed breakers for power generation such as low cost and maintenance and being a renewable source. Some challenges are also noted such as selecting a suitable generator and dealing with rain damage.
Cassava waste water was used as an admixture to replace distilled water in ratios of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% for producing sandcrete blocks. 60 sandcrete blocks of size 450mm x 150mm x 225mm were produced with different admixture ratios and a control with 0% admixture. The blocks were cured for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days and then tested for moisture content, specific gravity, water absorption, and compressive strength. Test results showed that blocks with 20% cassava waste water admixture met the minimum compressive strength requirement of 3.30 N/mm2 set by Nigerian standards, indicating the potential of cassava waste water to improve sandcrete block quality and
The document presents a theorem on random fixed points in metric spaces. It begins with introductions to fixed point theory, random fixed point theory, and relevant definitions. The main result is Theorem 3.1, which proves that if a self-mapping E on a complete metric space X satisfies certain contraction conditions involving parameters between 0 and 1, then E has a unique fixed point. The proof constructs a Cauchy sequence that converges to the unique fixed point. The document contributes to the study of random equations and random fixed point theory, which has applications in nonlinear analysis, probability theory, and other fields.
1. The document discusses applying multi-curve reconstruction technology to seismic inversion to improve accuracy and reliability. It focuses on reconstructing SP and RMN curves from well logs that are affected by various distortions.
2. The process of reconstructing the curves involves removing baseline drift, standardizing values, applying linear filtering, and fitting the curves. This removes interference and retains valid lithological information.
3. Reconstructing high quality curves improves the resolution and credibility of seismic inversion results. The method is shown to effectively predict sand distribution with little error.
This document compares the performance of a Minimum-Mean-Square-Error (MMSE) adaptive receiver and a conventional Rake receiver for receiving Ultra-Wideband (UWB) signals over a multipath fading channel. It first describes the UWB pulse shapes and channel model used, including the 6th derivative of the Gaussian pulse and the IEEE 802.15.3a modified Saleh-Valenzuela channel model. It then discusses the Direct-Sequence and Time-Hopping transmission and multiple access schemes for UWB. The document presents the receiver structures for the MMSE adaptive receiver and Rake receiver and compares their performance using MATLAB simulations.
This document summarizes a study on establishing logging interpretation models for reservoir parameters like porosity, permeability, oil saturation, and gas saturation in the Gaotaizi Reservoir of the L Oilfield. Models were developed using core data from 4 wells and include:
1) A porosity model relating acoustic travel time to porosity with an error of 0.92%
2) A permeability model relating permeability to porosity with an error of 0.31%
3) An oil saturation model using resistivity data with empirically determined parameters
4) A method to determine original gas saturation from mercury injection data.
Application of the models improved interpretation precision and allowed recalculation of oil and gas reserves for the
This document discusses predicting spam videos on social media platforms using machine learning. It proposes using attributes like number of likes, comments, and view count to classify videos as spam or not spam. A predictive algorithm is developed that uses threshold values for attributes and natural language processing of comments to classify videos. Testing of the algorithm on a dataset achieved a spam prediction precision of 93.6%. Issues with small datasets decreasing accuracy are also discussed, along with continuing work to address this issue.
1) The study experimentally evaluated the compatibility relationship between polymer solutions and oil layers through core flooding tests with different permeability cores.
2) The results showed that injection rate decreased with increasing polymer concentration and molecular weight, and increased with permeability.
3) Based on the results, boundaries for injection capability were established and a compatibility chart was proposed to guide polymer solution selection for different sedimentary microfacies in the field based on permeability and pore size.
1. The document discusses the identification of lithologic traps in the D3 Member of the Gaonan Region using seismic attribute analysis, acoustic impedance inversion, and sedimentary microfacies analysis.
2. Several lithologic traps were identified in the I and II oil groups of the D3 Member, with the largest trap located between wells G46 and G146X1 covering an area of about 2.35 km2.
3. Impedance inversion, seismic attribute analysis, and sedimentary microfacies characterization using 3D seismic data helped determine the location and development of effective lithologic traps in the thin sandstone-shale interbeds of the target stratum.
This document examines using coal ash as a partial replacement for cement in concrete. Coal ash was substituted for cement at rates of 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight. Testing found that concrete with a 5% substitution of coal ash exhibited only a slight decrease in compressive strength of 2% at 28 days while gaining improved workability. Higher substitution rates of 10% and 15% coal ash led to greater decreases in compressive and tensile strength. The study concludes that a 5% substitution of coal ash for cement provides benefits of reduced cost and improved workability with minimal strength impacts, representing an effective use of a waste material that addresses sustainability.
Accounting professional judgment involves handling accounting events and compiling financial reports according to regulations and standards. However, professional judgment is sometimes manipulated to distort accounting information. The document discusses three ways manipulation occurs: 1) abandoning accounting principles, 2) optional changes to accounting policies, and 3) abuse of accounting estimates. The causes of manipulation include distorted motivations from corporate governance issues and catering to various stakeholder interests. Strengthening supervision and improving the accounting system are proposed to manage manipulation of professional judgment.
The document discusses research on the distribution of oil and water in the eastern block of the Chao202-2 area in China. It establishes standards for identifying oil, poor oil, dry, and water layers using well logging data. Analysis shows structural reservoirs are dominant and fault and sand body configuration control oil-water distribution. Oil-water distribution varies between fault blocks from "up oil, bottom water" to "up water, bottom oil" depending on structure and sand body development.
The document describes an intelligent fault diagnosis system for reciprocating pumps that uses pressure and flow signals as inputs. It consists of hardware for data acquisition and a software system for signal processing, feature extraction, and fault diagnosis using wavelet neural networks. The system was able to accurately diagnose three main fault types - seal ring faults, valve damage, and spring faults - based on differences observed in the pressure curves. Testing on over 12 samples of each fault type achieved a correct diagnosis rate of over 94%. The system provides a fast and effective means of remotely monitoring reciprocating pumps and identifying faults.
This document discusses the application of meta-learning algorithms in banking sector data mining for fraud detection. It proposes using Classification and Regression Tree (CART), AdaBoost, LogitBoost, Bagging and Dagging algorithms for classification of banking transaction data. The experimental results show that Bagging algorithm has the best performance with the lowest misclassification rate, making it effective for banking fraud detection through data mining. Data mining can help banks detect patterns for applications like credit scoring, payment default prediction, fraud detection and risk management by analyzing customer transaction history and loan details.
This document presents a numerical solution for unsteady heat and mass transfer flow past an infinite vertical plate with variable thermal conductivity, taking into account Dufour number and heat source effects. The governing equations are non-linear and coupled, and were solved numerically using an implicit finite difference scheme. Various parameters, including Dufour number and heat source, were found to influence the velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles. Skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number were also calculated.
The document discusses methods for obtaining a background image using depth information from a depth camera to more accurately extract foreground objects. It finds that accumulating depth images and taking the median value at each pixel provides the most accurate background image. The accuracy of three methods - average, median, and mode - are evaluated using simulated depth data of a captured plane. The median method provides the best results, followed by average, while mode performs worst. More accumulated images provide a more accurate background image across all methods.
This document presents a mathematical model for determining the minimum overtaking sight distance (OSDm) required for an ascending vehicle to safely pass another slower vehicle on a single lane highway with an incline. It defines sight distance, stopping sight distance, perception-reaction time and derives equations to calculate the reaction distance (d1), overtaking distance (d2), vehicle travel distance during overtaking (d3), and total minimum OSDm based on vehicle characteristics, road geometry, and coefficients of friction. The safe overtaking zone is defined as 3 times the minimum OSDm. The model accounts for effects of slope angle and aims to satisfy laws of mechanics for overtaking maneuvers on inclined two-way single lane highways.
This document discusses a novel technique for better analysis of ice properties using Kalman filtering. It summarizes previous research on sea ice segmentation using SAR imagery and dual polarization techniques. It proposes using an automated SAR algorithm along with Kalman filtering to more accurately detect sea ice properties from RADARSAT1 and RADARSAT2 imagery data. The document reviews techniques for image segmentation, dual polarization, PMA detection, and related work on sea ice classification using statistical ice properties, edge preserving region models, and object extraction methods.
This document summarizes a study on the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in bass fish (Morone Saxatilis) caught at Rodoni Cape in the Adriatic Sea in Albania. Samples of bass fish were collected from five sites and analyzed for mercury, lead, and cadmium levels in their muscles. The concentrations of heavy metals varied between fish and sites but were below international limits for human consumption. While the fish were found to be safe for eating, the study recommends continuous monitoring of metal levels in fish from the area due to various factors that can influence metal uptake over time.
This document discusses optimal maintenance policies for repairable systems with linearly increasing hazard rates. It considers a system with a constant repair rate and predetermined availability requirement. There are two maintenance policies: corrective maintenance only, and preventive maintenance at set time intervals. The goal is to determine the preventive maintenance interval that guarantees the availability requirement at minimum cost. Equations are developed to calculate the availability under each policy and the optimal preventive maintenance interval based on both availability and cost. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate the decision process in determining the optimal policy.
1. IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN) www.iosrjen.org
ISSN (e): 2250-3021, ISSN (p): 2278-8719
Vol. 04, Issue 10 (October. 2014), ||V2|| PP 01-12
International organization of Scientific Research 1 | P a g e
Laboratory Information Management System: A Case Of Family Aids Care And Educational Services (Faces) 1Kwama Leonard Ogweno, 2Otieno Benard Otieno, 3Ratemo Makiya Cyprian 1Maseno University, School of Computing and Informatics, Private Bag, Maseno, Kenya; Executive Summary: The role of information management system is crucial in organizations since its elements can substantially be found in any organization, small or big. Family Aids Care and Educations Services- FACES being a care provision organization to patients living with HIV/ AIDS is no exception. FACES was incepted in 2004 and was operational in one facility with a staff base of about a dozen people. But this has since increased many folds due to patients increasingly seeking its services. FACES has rapidly expanded its services to the entire Nyanza province in the last few years, with an increased staff base of over 700 people. Currently, the organization is serving over 100,000 patients. This huge number of patients translates to more work, especially in the laboratory department where samples are drawn and tested to aid clinical decision. Such tests include CD4 counts, PCR, and Cretinine. FACES laboratory department faces major handicap in collection and dissemination of tests and test results. This study is intended not only to improve service delivery at the lab but also make it easier for the department to generate their periodic reports with ease. The key objective of this project was to design, develop and test a working prototype of a laboratory information system. This was achieved by initially obtaining primary data and information from the potential systems consumers through oral interviews and observation, which was analyzed and the problem statement evaluated to realize the viability of a new system. The above methods are preferred since they provide more insights to the information workflow and users’ requirement since the success of any system is in its usability. The data gathered at the lab formed the basis of key functionalities of the proposed system, though additional materials gathered from other secondary sources during literature review were also introduced so as to improve the overall quality of the system and to ensure it adhered to the best development practices. Waterfall methodology was preferred, using the collected information to build the new prototype, which was expected to satisfy users’ requirements as well as the objectives set earlier
I. INTRODUCTION
Medical Health Information Systems (MHIS) have evolved over time in recent years due to various advancements in technology. A number of hospital institutions have embraced the idea of managing their patients’ health records electronically. This has improved efficiency and effectiveness in storing while reducing the cost of patient information management and retrieval of such information when required for prompt decision making (Munash University, 7 July 2012) A number of laboratory software have been developed, proprietary or open source, to help streamline the workflow and automate processes within the medical laboratories. In most cases, such software are often bundled with inpatient, outpatient, pharmacy, lab and even financial management modules. (Munash University, 7 July 2012) Medical labs within Comprehensive Care Centres (CCC) on the other hand have not benefited much from similar developments. CCCs are centres that provide health care support to special patients with special needs and attention, more specifically the persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs). The CCCs contrast with ordinary healthcare providing institutions in the workflow and most fundamentally the nature of its clientele. Therefore it is essential to consider laboratory information management systems for CCCs to facilitate quality service provision and timely decision making based on the measureable indicators provided. This will ultimately impact positively on the quality of care and other services and enhance overall patients’ healthcare as a result (Author, 2012). 2Family Aids Care and Education Services (FACES) is a comprehensive care and treatment clinic offering high quality care and education services to individuals and families infected and affected by HIV/AIDS (Faces-Kenya, 2010). The program enrols new patients whose HIV status has been confirmed into care. It also continues to offer quality care to the existing patients within its catchment areas while offering referral options to patients who opt to receive care elsewhere. (Faces-Kenya, 2010) In order to efficiently serve the patients, the program has various departments handling various aspects of patients during a visit. Laboratory being one such department plays a very key role in medically determining various tests results that are vital in making sound medical decision on patient health progress.
2. Laboratory Information Management System: A Case Of Family Aids Care And Educational Services
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A REVIEW OF INTERNET TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION LITERATURE
Sometimes known as a laboratory information system (LIS) or laboratory management system (LMS), a laboratory information management system (LIMS) is a software-based laboratory and information management system that offers a set of key features that support a modern laboratory's operations. Those key features include — but are not limited to — workflow and data tracking support, flexible architecture, and smart data exchange interfaces, which fully "support its use in regulated environments. The features and uses of a LIMS have evolved over the years from simple sample tracking to an enterprise resource planning tool that manages multiple aspects of laboratory informatics. Due to the rapid pace at which laboratories and their data management needs shift, the definition of LIMS has become somewhat controversial. As the needs of the modern laboratory vary widely from lab to lab, what is needed from a laboratory information management system also shifts. The result is the definition of a LIMS is dependent upon the user. Dr. Alan McLelland of the Institute of Biochemistry, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow highlighted this problem in the late 1990s by explaining how a LIMS is perceived by an analyst, a laboratory manager, an information systems manager, and an accountant, "all of them correct, but each of them limited by the users' own perceptions. (Wikipedia, 2012) The LIMS is an evolving concept, with new features and functionality being added often. As laboratory demands change and technological progress continues, the functions of a LIMS will likely also change. Despite these changes, a LIMS tends to have a base set of functionality that defines it. That functionality can roughly be divided into five laboratory processing phases, with numerous software functions falling under each:
The reception and log in of a sample and its associated client data.
The assignment, scheduling, and tracking of the sample and the associated analytical workload.
The processing and quality control associated with the sample and the utilized equipment and inventory.
The storage of data associated with the sample analysis.
The inspection, approval, and compilation of the sample data for reporting and/or further analysis.
There are several pieces of core functionality associated with these laboratory processing phases that tend to appear in a LIMS. Lab IMSs differ in functionality and platform on which they run. Some run on device webpages, some may be standalone while others may exhibit client-server architecture. More complex LIMS are device specific and are often closed ended making it hard to interface with other applications. (Wikipedia, 2012) Though there are proprietary off the shelf LIMS available out there, some of them rarely simple enough to satisfy the needs of smaller laboratory in remote setups. Some of the LIMS reviewed include: (Author, 2012) 2.1.1 Sample Master by Accelerated Technology Laboratories The Sample Master LIMS product provides a total laboratory data management solution that brings the ease and familiarity of Windows-based, point-and-click operability to the laboratory. Sample Master has an intuitive user interface, hot lookups, pull-down menus and allows users to modify screen captions. It features uncluttered screens and dozens of modifiable canned reports. Users can easily incorporate new screens, report forms, queries, pull-down menus, macros and modules. The product details are as follows: Platforms: Windows, Web Based Support: 24/7, Regular Business Hours, Online/Self Service The major merits of Sample master include Intuitive and friendly user interface; Modifiable canned reports, Flexibility and extendibility. On the other hand, this LIMS, though Windows based, it run on a web platform, which is suitable for client server implementation. But this system doesn’t sufficiently address the simplicity that would endear it to a remotely located rural laboratory. 2.1.2 OpenMRS Laboratory Module After the clinician has ordered laboratory investigation for patient, this module handles interactions with system for collecting samples (blood, urine etc.) from patients for laboratory investigation, preparing samples, conducting investigation and recording results. The personnel involved in this module are mainly Lab attendants/Nurse and Lab approvers. Lab Investigation orders can be received from Screener module and/or OPD module. This module is an extension of the core OpenMRS code base and runs on OpenMRS API. The module is web based and runs on Tomcat web manager with a MySQL back-end. This is a simple and easy to use module which is majorly used for capturing the lab test result per patient. Through standard reporting interface, the user may be able to produce some simple reports that may be linked to the regular patient encounter details captured on various encounter forms.
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2.1.3 Professional Lab Information Systems - Prolis
PROLIS is a Windows® and Web hybrid Client Server system built using .NET technologies and MS SQL
Server 2005. This relatively complex software proven strengths include:
Automating the management of the laboratory business with integrated Quality Control and Regulatory
Compliance.
It provides a barcode aided interface (bi-directional or uni-directional) with any laboratory equipment.
Also provides its Outreach module to have the laboratory offer a 24/7 access to the patient results and new
patient accession, to her clients (physicians and clinics).
It offers a 100% automated report delivery mechanism module, to Fax or Email Lab Report automatically
to notify providers of their patient's critical results along with regular ones.
Prolis offers a bi-directional HL7 interface for EMR and Reference Lab.
It offers the laboratory the capability to retrieve the data in the Insurance specific format to satisfy the
Contract requirements.
Prolis offers an integrated Laboratory Billing Solution and accounting functions and more.
Prolis is a unique design of concept dictionaries that extends the system’s functionality to meet various testing
scenarios thus making it ideal for variety of laboratories i.e Physician Office Laboratory (POL), Reference
Laboratory - aiding patient care, Hospital Laboratory.
This system has been specifically structured to handle various types of business with a customizable hold of
Quality Control module throughout the process. PROLIS is equipped with not only today’s growing demands of
various Interfaces, ranging from connecting to a digital camera attached to the microscope to a bidirectional
communication with an automatic analyzer, interfacing with the reference laboratory’s system to interfacing
with the system of regulatory agencies, it addresses the interfacing with various EMR systems at the
laboratory’s client’s sites.
In conclusion the systems that have so far been reviewed have some common features ranging from web based
capabilities to the complexities of handling reagents inventory and also managing the Laboratory revenue
collection. The only outstanding weakness that remains to be addressed is the aspect of simplicity. Most
laboratories found in the developing countries like Kenya only have the most basic test equipment and the
workflow remains so simple.
2.1.4 ProtLIMS
Figure 2.1 - ProtLIMS structure overview
ProtLIMS system can be logically separated into several packages. Sample-data package contains information
researcher are especially interested in: samples, data files and associations between them.
Sample object represents any biological sample from raw tissue to 2d gel. Generic set of properties (including
unique ID) is defined for all samples. At the same time each sample can have additional properties such as
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attributes and references to complicated data structures. The set of additional properties depends on sample type.
Samples can be derived from each other.
Data file is usually associated with a file in LIMS storage. Data file can be image, text, binary file, etc. Each
data file has set of generic properties (including unique ID) plus additional properties depending on its data type.
Data file can be derived from other data files and samples.
EACH SAMPLE OR DATA FILE CAN HAVE MULTIPLE PARENTS AND MULTIPLE
CHILDREN
Associations between samples and datafiles have inheritance nature.
Each workflow brings new sample and data types into system. As long as each sample is generalized form
generic sample and each data file is generalized from generic data file inheritance between samples and datafiles
can be obtained. Diversity of new sample types is achieved by additional properties.
Project level purpose is to organize samples and data in logical units according to research workflow, and to add
information about sample and data history. As we conduct sample procedures, we get additional information
about used protocols, equipment, etc. Project level also stores information about personnel permissions on
laboratory projects.
The following describes permission management in ProtLIMS. Owning, sharing and publishing concepts are
clarified below.
When user creates project:
User becomes project owner and gets FULL permission on created project
User’s laboratory gets FULL permission on created project
User can automatically give all user’s laboratory personnel FULL permission on project or choose not to
Any user with FULL permission on project can:
Share project with personnel of certain laboratory (give CHANGE permission to laboratory and CHANGE
permission to all laboratory personnel)
Share project with certain people in certain laboratory (give CHANGE permission to laboratory and FULL
or CHANGE permission to selected people in this laboratory)
Publish project to certain laboratory (give READ permission to laboratory and READ permission to all
laboratory personnel)
Publish project to certain person (give READ permission to specified person)
Publish project to everybody (give READ permission to any valid system user)
User with FULL or CHANGE permission belongs to the project personnel. This means that user can work on
project adding new procedures, registering and associating new samples, entering project details etc.
The main difference between FULL and CHANGE permissions is that person with FULL permission can give
permissions away to other people and laboratories. Person with CHANGE permission does not have right to do
so.
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READ permission gives user right to browse project results. It includes information about samples, datafiles and
full project report. This option can be useful for sharing results with project customer in facility-like
laboratories.
FULL, CHANGE and READ permissions form hierarchy. Person with higher permission has lower permission
as well.
The following is a protLIMS general architecture.
Fig 2.3 protLIMS general architecture.
2.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
The system assumed a very simple framework which involved the following sections:
Input: This includes the raw patient demographic information captured at the initial point of contact with
the patient. Such information also involves basic patient encounter information and most importantly the
specific test request details.
Processing: The system clusters and processes the input data into meaningful information that may later be
used for decision making. This includes processing and analyzing patient specific test
Output: The captured data once processed is used to generate accurate reports which are not only used by
the lab, but also other departments and the program at large to make timely decisions.
This can be summarized in a simple MIS diagrammatically as follows:
Fig 2.4: System Overall framework
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Fig 2.5: Lab IMS Conceptual Framework
II. DESIGN
A methodology is composed of one of the software development models used in conjunction with one
or more techniques. The techniques of prototyping, clean room, and object-oriented are ways to implement the
waterfall, incremental, and spiral models. These techniques may be mixed and matched on a single project.
Also, portions of a technique may be used without using all aspects of that technique. Therefore a project using
the spiral model may combine prototyping with object- oriented analysis and design and also use clean room
testing techniques.
For the purpose of this study Waterfall model was preferred using the. The waterfall model is an
approach to development that emphasizes completing a phase of the development before proceeding to the next
phase. In conjunction with certain phase completions, a baseline is established that "freezes" the products of the
development at that point. If a need is identified to change these products, a formal change process is followed
to make the change. The graphic representation of these phases in software development resembles the
downward flow of a waterfall.
Each box in the figure overleaf, represents a phase. Output from each phase includes documentation.
The phases below show detailed design phase including software as part of their output. Transition from phase
to phase is accomplished by holding reviews. These, provide the insight into the developer’s progress. At critical
points on the waterfall model, baselines are established, the last of which is the product baseline. This final
baseline is accompanied by audits.
The water fall model ensures that each development phase is thoroughly reviewed and completely
certified before moving to the next phase. It also provides flexibility of going back to the previous phases should
there be need. The following are the key stages that will be involved
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Fig 3.1: Waterfall model
WATERFALL MODEL PHASES
Requirement Analysis: Analysis gathers the requirements for the system. This is where detailed study of the user
needs and specification will be carried out.
Design: This will focus much on high level design, i.e. kind of system is needed and how users will interact with
it. It included interface design and data design.
Implementation: In this phase the designs will translated into code. Object oriented programming is preferred.
The program will then be put into real world operations.
Testing: In this phase the system will get tested. Testing will be carried out in each units/modules. Then
eventually, the separate modules will be consolidated to form a complete system. The system will be tested to
ensure that interfaces between modules work (integration testing), the system works on the intended platform
and with the expected volume of data (volume testing) and that the system will perform as expected by the end
users (acceptance/beta testing).
System Deployment: This will be the final commissioning of the system. It will involve actual installation of the
system on to user’s machines and training of the users on how to use the system.
Maintenance: This either be based on need and additional user requirements or to mitigate bugs or any other
changes that may be desired from time to time. Change could also happen because of some unexpected input
values into the system
3.2. Data Collection Technique
Given the work setup of the organization, the most plausible fact gathering method that will be used in Oral
interviews and Observation. The process will involve watching the work flow at the laboratory and discussing
with the lab officers to understand their requirements.
3.2.1 Interviews
A set of specific questions were asked to the laboratory officers across the sampled facilities. This was focused
on assessing the user requirements for an alternative system. See Appendices for sample questions asked during
the interviews.
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3.2.2 Observation
While still at the lab department, some of the time was taken to observe the lab attendants as they go about their
normal work routines. This was very vital in getting the insight into the daily workflow at the department. The
proposed system should conform to current workflow to ease implementation and changeover.
3.3 System Architecture
The proposed takes a very simple and straight forward design architecture that is easy to comprehend. It also
provides clear technical description of various components that are core to the new system.
Fig. 3.3: Conceptual Model
IV. SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION
The following sections include useful information about using the Laboratory IMS.
Minimum Hardware and Software Requirements are as follows:
Windows NT/XP/Vista/Win7/Win8 - 32/64 bit OS or higher version
512MB Memory or higher for best performance
40GB HDD Space
CPU 2.10GHz or higher
The following is an easy to read user manual that will help any new employee to use this system to perform the
following;
Logging onto the system on startup,
Working with various controls.
Initial systems setups
Configuring various tests and test groups
Creating patient and updating existing patients,
Recording tests and test result
Deleting patients records*
User configurations,
Generating and printing reports.
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4.1 System Installation
Before running the system, the user will need to have the system installed on his/her, machine. The installation
process begins by running the executable file on the setup disk. The installation should be done by accepting all
the default options whenever prompted. Installation is estimated to take less than five minute
4.2 Operating the System
Users will access the system by opening the system icon on the desktop or under the program files.
Once the program is completely loaded, the user will be prompted to log in.
Note: Only registered users will gain access to the system. The user must login by submitting Username and
Password. The login credentials will be matched with the pre-recorded details and access shall only be granted
where the information match.
4.2.1 Login
This is the first window that the user will be presented with. Login screen offers security feature and ensures
that only authenticated users gain access into the system. There are two roles that may be assigned to a user.
Admin users have all the privileges while Power user roles have some limitations. Users with administrative
roles may choose to login or to add new users into the system. The following shows the user login screen.
Figure 4.2 System Login
After successful login, the system will open the main menu from where the user will be able to choose various
functions.
4.2.2 Initial Configurations
For the very first run, the user will be presented with an initial system settings, which are set only once for each
system instance. After a successful saving the presets, logoff is recommended to enable the new settings to take
effect. The settings include:
- The name of the implementing facility.
- The Master Facility List (MFL) code for the facility
- Supporting organization (If any)
The following screenshot shows the presets screen with default details.
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Fig. 4.3. System initial settings
4.2.3 Main Menu
After successful login and presets, the user is presented with specific menu items from where he will be able to
perform specific operations. The menu comprise of seven option as shown in the figure below
Find/Create: Used for searching for existing (pre-recorded) patients or creating new patients details into the
system
- Settings: Opens up a configuration windows where the user can set behavior of various components of the
system. It is also used to set various laboratory tests, their test units and the specific ranges.
- Report: This takes the user to a simple reporting option screen from where the user pay specify the type of
reports to display.
- Log off: Logs out the current user and takes the system to login mode.
- Quit Application: This exits the system to the desktop.
- Shut down computer: Can optionally be used by the user to shut down the computer right within the
application environment.
4.2.4 Patient Dashboard
Patient dashboard provides a summarized view of the patient details alongside the chronology of all
tests previously performed. It provides utilities for editing user basic information, adding new test or test results,
editing current test, printing and exporting test results etc.
The following figure shows a screenshot of the patient dashboard.
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Fig 4.5 Patient Dashboard
4.2.4 Reports
The systems provides predefined report that have been customized to suit the general reporting needs of a
typical laboratory department.
Among the predefined reports include the following:
i. Report by patient
These are reports based on patient information e.g.
- Patient referral source
- Patient records by facility
ii. Reports by Tests
This involves reports based on the test indicators. They include
- Patient current tests
- All tests
- Daily tests
- Monthly test
- User defined interval test
It is important to note that all the reports are exportable to excel for further manipulations.
The following shows a sample report generated from the system showing patients test history.
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Fig 4.6 Sample Test report
V. CONCLUSION