This document describes a case of nervus intermedius neuralgia (NIN), a rare type of cranial neuralgia. A 55-year old woman presented with severe burning and stinging pain attacks in her right ear. Based on her history of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and a car accident years prior, she was diagnosed with NIN. NIN is characterized by brief paroxysms of pain in the ear canal that may radiate to other areas. While trigeminal neuralgia is more common, there have been less than 150 reported cases of NIN between 1932-2012. Treatment options for NIN include medications like gabapentin, surgery, or nerve blocks.
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder which is caused by various factors which may vary according to the age of patients which results in asynchronization of neurons. Cognitive functional impairment is mostly seen in epileptic patients compared to the general population, and the degree of its impairment varies from one another according to the epilepsy syndrome. Behavioral changes are more seen in epileptic people and people with drug-resistant epilepsy, frequent seizures, and associated neurological or mental abnormalities. In children and adults, many data suggest a correlation between behavior/cognition and some other specific epilepsy syndromes. The major predictors of such behavioral changes in children with epilepsy are epilepsy itself, treatment, the underlying structural lesion, and epilepsy treatment.
José L. Ruiz-Sandoval, Guadalupe Ramírez-Guzmán,
Erwin Chiquete and Ángel Vargas-Sánchez
A 45-year-old garbage collector was referred to our department
with a history of tonic-clonic seizures and risky
sexual behavior (anilingus). A neurological examination was
normal. Contrast-enhanced cranial CT showed calcified lesions
and viable parasites compatible with a diagnosis of
massive non-encephalitic neurocysticercosis. Oral metallic
implants impeded performing brain MRI. Hepatitis and HIV
serologies were negative. The patient was discharged with
steroids and an anticonvulsant. Delayed cysticidal therapy
was planned; however, albendazole therapy was immediately
initiated in another hospital, which led to brain edema, uncontrolled
seizures, rostrocaudal deterioration and death.
Cestoda infections are rare in developed countries (1). In
contrast, neurocysticercosis is a leading cause of adult-onset
epilepsy in Latin America. Massive infections are classified
as encephalitic or non-encephalitic (2). In patients with the
encephalitic presentation, cysticidal drugs can cause extensive
parasite lysis and aggravate brain inflammation (2). In
patients with non-encephalitic massive neurocysticercosis,
cysticidal therapy is usually considered; (2) however, rapid
initiation of antiparasitic medications can launch an encephalitic
process.
Headache diagnostc paradigm from former Johns Hopkins Hospital staffNelson Hendler
The medical literature reports that 35%-70% of patients diagnosed with migraine headache do not have this order. The Internet based "expert system" developed by former Johns Hopkins Hospital staff, including the past president of the American Headache Society and American Academy of Pain Management provides an Internet based "expert system" which gives diagnoses with a 94% correlation with diagnosed of these doctors.
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder which is caused by various factors which may vary according to the age of patients which results in asynchronization of neurons. Cognitive functional impairment is mostly seen in epileptic patients compared to the general population, and the degree of its impairment varies from one another according to the epilepsy syndrome. Behavioral changes are more seen in epileptic people and people with drug-resistant epilepsy, frequent seizures, and associated neurological or mental abnormalities. In children and adults, many data suggest a correlation between behavior/cognition and some other specific epilepsy syndromes. The major predictors of such behavioral changes in children with epilepsy are epilepsy itself, treatment, the underlying structural lesion, and epilepsy treatment.
José L. Ruiz-Sandoval, Guadalupe Ramírez-Guzmán,
Erwin Chiquete and Ángel Vargas-Sánchez
A 45-year-old garbage collector was referred to our department
with a history of tonic-clonic seizures and risky
sexual behavior (anilingus). A neurological examination was
normal. Contrast-enhanced cranial CT showed calcified lesions
and viable parasites compatible with a diagnosis of
massive non-encephalitic neurocysticercosis. Oral metallic
implants impeded performing brain MRI. Hepatitis and HIV
serologies were negative. The patient was discharged with
steroids and an anticonvulsant. Delayed cysticidal therapy
was planned; however, albendazole therapy was immediately
initiated in another hospital, which led to brain edema, uncontrolled
seizures, rostrocaudal deterioration and death.
Cestoda infections are rare in developed countries (1). In
contrast, neurocysticercosis is a leading cause of adult-onset
epilepsy in Latin America. Massive infections are classified
as encephalitic or non-encephalitic (2). In patients with the
encephalitic presentation, cysticidal drugs can cause extensive
parasite lysis and aggravate brain inflammation (2). In
patients with non-encephalitic massive neurocysticercosis,
cysticidal therapy is usually considered; (2) however, rapid
initiation of antiparasitic medications can launch an encephalitic
process.
Headache diagnostc paradigm from former Johns Hopkins Hospital staffNelson Hendler
The medical literature reports that 35%-70% of patients diagnosed with migraine headache do not have this order. The Internet based "expert system" developed by former Johns Hopkins Hospital staff, including the past president of the American Headache Society and American Academy of Pain Management provides an Internet based "expert system" which gives diagnoses with a 94% correlation with diagnosed of these doctors.
Abstract—Chikunguniya can be associated with encephalitis which is a rare complication of chikunguniya. Such a rare case was attended at National University Hospital (Hondura) in August 2015, which was studied in detail. A 64 years, Honduran patient was admitted during the convalescent period of an acute febrile illness with arthralgias one month prior. Two weeks later, he developed a severe inability to form new memories disorientation to date and time; forgetting family member´s names and daily routines. The patient exhibited spontaneous crying and sadness. Premorbid cognitive, behavioral and functional abilities were normal. Patient was evaluated and investigated. On investigation Chikungunya IgM antibodies were positive and on Brain MRI revealed predominantly right medial temporal lobe hyperintensities in Diffusion weighed images; also seen in FLAIR sequences. Patient was confirmed as Chikunguniya case associated with medial temporal lobe encephalitis. So it is suggested that patients presenting with a rapidly evolving amnestic syndrome after an acute febrile illness with polyarthralgias in an endemic region should be tested for the Chikungunya virus. More cases must be described and studied, however, to better characterize this condition.
Neurocritical Care Triad - Focused Neurological Examination, Brain Multimodal...Apollo Hospitals
Intensive care is rightly described as “an art of managing intense intricacy” and this situation is further complicated in the care of patients with critical neurological illness. Brain
damage directly related to an insult is primary brain injury (PBI). The cascade of pathobiological events following PBI is known as secondary brain injury (SBI). PBI is most often
irreversible so, the focus of neurocritical care is to prevent, detect and manage SBI.
Background: Although the effect of psychological stress on asthma has long been suggested, there is little evidence regarding asthma symptoms such as wheezing in relation to perceived stress in adolescents
Needle reflexology in the treatment of neurological changes in ischemic strokeSubmissionResearchpa
In recent years, the problem of diagnosis and preventive treatment of cerebrovascular diseases has become increasingly relevant. Stroke is the most common cause of permanent disability (E. I. Gusev, 2007). The leading role in the diagnosis and prognosis of stroke, as well as the choice of further treatment and rehabilitation tactics is assigned to non-invasive ultrasound research methods, which make it possible to assess the parameters of cerebral hemodynamics. (I. D. Stulin, 2006). by I.T. Tuhtaev and D. T. Khodjaeva 2020. Needle reflexology in the treatment of neurological changes in ischemic stroke. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 11 (Nov. 2020), 51-52. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i11.823. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/823/789 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/823
A case report of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a patient di...bijnnjournal
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), a clinical radiological syndrome, is characterized by the
abrupt development of neurological symptoms such as headaches, convulsions, altered sensorium, and visual
problems. PRES has been linked to a number of risk factors or etiologies, including the use of immunosuppressants
or cytotoxins, hypertensive encephalopathy, eclampsia, preeclampsia, and underlying autoimmune diseases.
A 41-year-old female was admitted with acute necrotizing emphysematous pancreatitis complicated by posterior
reversible encephalopathy syndrome
Pachygyria: A neurological migration disorderpharmaindexing
Pachygyria is a neuronal migration disorder characterized by thick convolutions on cerebral cortex and brain has few gyri. It leads to mental retardation. It is also known as Macrogyria. It is considered as a rare disease. The disease involves mutations in a number of genes. Mainly the symptoms are seizures and delayed development.MRI and CT scan are used for diagnosis. It can be treated by antiepileptic medication and various therapies like speech therapy and occupational therapy. G therapy is effective for the treatment. Sofar, there is no specific dug treatment.
Peripheral nerve ultrasonography in patients with transthyretin amyloidosis MIDEAS
Objective: To systematically study peripheral nerve morphology in patients with transthyretin (TTR)
amyloidosis and TTR gene mutation carriers using high-resolution ultrasonography (US).
Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study we took a structured history, performed neurological
examination, and measured peripheral nerve cross-sectional areas (CSAs) bilaterally at 28 standard locations
using US. Demographic and US findings were compared to controls.
Results: Peripheral nerve CSAs were significantly larger in 33 patients with familial amyloid polyneuropathy
(FAP) compared to 50 controls, most dramatically at the common entrapment sites (median
nerve at the wrist, ulnar nerve at the elbow), and in the proximal nerve segments (median nerve in
the upper arm, sciatic nerve in the thigh). Findings in 21 asymptomatic TTR gene mutation carriers were
less marked compared to controls, with CSAs being larger only in the median nerve in the upper arm.
Nerve CSAs correlated with abnormalities on nerve conduction studies.
Conclusion: Using US, we confirmed previous pathohistological and imaging reports in FAP of the most
pronounced peripheral nerve thickening in the proximal limb segments.
Significance: Similar to US findings in diabetic and vasculitic neuropathies these predominantly proximal
locations of nerve thickening may be attributed to ischaemic nerve damage caused by poor perfusion in
the watershed zones along proximal limb segments.
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ultrasonographic-study-peripheral-nerves-bulgarian-mitja-dobovi%C4%8Dnik?trk=mp-author-card
PAGE Running head SCHIZOPHRENIA 1SchizophreniaVernessa.docxkarlhennesey
PAGE
Running head: SCHIZOPHRENIA
1
Schizophrenia
Vernessa Combs
PSY350: Physiological Psychology
December 10, 2019
Schizophrenia
The topic selected was schizophrenia. This is a severe and chronic mental disorder affecting the way humans think, feel and behave. Although this mental disorder is not very common, it has disabling symptoms.
Schizophrenia has continuously been viewed as a disorder that occurs in neurodevelopment. It is associated with a microdeletion syndrome of a chromosome. Neurons migrate to the pial surface from the brain's ventricular zone. "Migration of the neuron cell body is mediated via microtubule-based transport organized by the centrosome. First, the centrosome moves up the microtubule, followed by the nucleus and the cell body” (Pearlson, 2015). Neuronal migrations are reportedly caused by Reelin.
The etiology of schizophrenia is unknown, however, several risk factors have been associated with its development. These include environmental and genetic factors. Genetic factors are, however, insufficient to account for the development of the disease. They must be accompanied by other factors for the disease to develop. "Because the concordance rate for monozygotic twins only approaches 50%, genetic makeup alone is not sufficient for the development of schizophrenia, and non-genetic or sporadic forms of the disorder must exist” (Miyamoto et al, 2013).
Environmental factors that play an important role in the etiology of schizophrenia include obstetric complications such as hypoxia, preeclampsia, and premature birth. Other environmental factors include maternal viral infections and stress occurring in neurodevelopment. Stress during neurodevelopment may be caused by other factors such as microbial infections.
The pathology of schizophrenia includes the transcriptional dysregulation at the cerebral cortex and chromosomal conformations. “Anatomic, neurotransmitter and immune system abnormalities have been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia” (Miyamoto et al, 2013). Differences have been observed in the brains of people with schizophrenia compared to the brains of people without the disease in neuroimaging studies. The medial temporal areas of the brain have a decreased volume while the ventricles are larger. Structural abnormalities such as volume reductions and ventricular enlargements have been associated with the disease.
The dopaminergic system abnormalities are also associated with schizophrenia. The immune system is also disturbed in people with the disease. “Overactivation of the immune system (eg, from prenatal infection or postnatal stress) may result in overexpression of inflammatory cytokines and subsequent alteration of brain structure and function” (Nuckols et al, 2013). Anatomic abnormalities may also be observed in the hippocampus.
In the prefrontal cortex, there has been a reported increase in neuronal density. One of the areas of the prefrontal cortex, area 9, has been found to h ...
Neurologist doctor near me. Get treatment costs across hospitals OPD fees, and book an appointment with the best nuerology doctor in Delhi NCR on credihealth
Treating Migraine Ardhavbhedaka with Ayurveda A Single Case Studyijtsrd
Migraine is one of the most common neurovascular disabling disorders encountered in Shalakya practice. Migraine can be defined as a paroxysmal affection having a sudden onset accompanied by usually unilateral severe headache. In Ayurveda, Migraine is described as Ardhaavabhedhaka which is a major health issue among people of age group 20 to 50 years. According to WHO, migraine is the third most common disease in the world with an estimated global prevalence of 14.7 around 1 in 7 people .1 Chronic Migraine affects about 2 of world population2 with female and male ratio 3 1.3 The attack gives warning before it strikes black spots or a brilliant zigzag line appears before the eyes or the patient has blurring of vision or halos around the light, this type of headache is called headache with aura. It is also called as “sick headache†because nausea and vomiting occasionally accompany the excruciating pain which lasts for 4 to 5 hours. Ayurveda believes in treating the disease at its root cause from within. The present article is a case report of 27 years old male who visited ENT OPD at SDM college of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka with a known case of migraine since 6 years. The patient was treated with Ayurvedic managements both sodhana and shamana chikitsa, under IPD and then OPD basis for 2 months. The patient experienced no attack of migraine even within 2 months of interval. This helps to achieve complete curative and prophylactic management of migraine through Ayurveda. This article may aid a new treatment option among practitioners of new era where there is no permanent cure for migraine. Dr. Shyam Kumar Sah | Dr. Deeraj Bc | Ashwini Mj "Treating Migraine (Ardhavbhedaka) with Ayurveda: A Single Case Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21556.pdf
Abstract—Chikunguniya can be associated with encephalitis which is a rare complication of chikunguniya. Such a rare case was attended at National University Hospital (Hondura) in August 2015, which was studied in detail. A 64 years, Honduran patient was admitted during the convalescent period of an acute febrile illness with arthralgias one month prior. Two weeks later, he developed a severe inability to form new memories disorientation to date and time; forgetting family member´s names and daily routines. The patient exhibited spontaneous crying and sadness. Premorbid cognitive, behavioral and functional abilities were normal. Patient was evaluated and investigated. On investigation Chikungunya IgM antibodies were positive and on Brain MRI revealed predominantly right medial temporal lobe hyperintensities in Diffusion weighed images; also seen in FLAIR sequences. Patient was confirmed as Chikunguniya case associated with medial temporal lobe encephalitis. So it is suggested that patients presenting with a rapidly evolving amnestic syndrome after an acute febrile illness with polyarthralgias in an endemic region should be tested for the Chikungunya virus. More cases must be described and studied, however, to better characterize this condition.
Neurocritical Care Triad - Focused Neurological Examination, Brain Multimodal...Apollo Hospitals
Intensive care is rightly described as “an art of managing intense intricacy” and this situation is further complicated in the care of patients with critical neurological illness. Brain
damage directly related to an insult is primary brain injury (PBI). The cascade of pathobiological events following PBI is known as secondary brain injury (SBI). PBI is most often
irreversible so, the focus of neurocritical care is to prevent, detect and manage SBI.
Background: Although the effect of psychological stress on asthma has long been suggested, there is little evidence regarding asthma symptoms such as wheezing in relation to perceived stress in adolescents
Needle reflexology in the treatment of neurological changes in ischemic strokeSubmissionResearchpa
In recent years, the problem of diagnosis and preventive treatment of cerebrovascular diseases has become increasingly relevant. Stroke is the most common cause of permanent disability (E. I. Gusev, 2007). The leading role in the diagnosis and prognosis of stroke, as well as the choice of further treatment and rehabilitation tactics is assigned to non-invasive ultrasound research methods, which make it possible to assess the parameters of cerebral hemodynamics. (I. D. Stulin, 2006). by I.T. Tuhtaev and D. T. Khodjaeva 2020. Needle reflexology in the treatment of neurological changes in ischemic stroke. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 11 (Nov. 2020), 51-52. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i11.823. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/823/789 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/823
A case report of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a patient di...bijnnjournal
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), a clinical radiological syndrome, is characterized by the
abrupt development of neurological symptoms such as headaches, convulsions, altered sensorium, and visual
problems. PRES has been linked to a number of risk factors or etiologies, including the use of immunosuppressants
or cytotoxins, hypertensive encephalopathy, eclampsia, preeclampsia, and underlying autoimmune diseases.
A 41-year-old female was admitted with acute necrotizing emphysematous pancreatitis complicated by posterior
reversible encephalopathy syndrome
Pachygyria: A neurological migration disorderpharmaindexing
Pachygyria is a neuronal migration disorder characterized by thick convolutions on cerebral cortex and brain has few gyri. It leads to mental retardation. It is also known as Macrogyria. It is considered as a rare disease. The disease involves mutations in a number of genes. Mainly the symptoms are seizures and delayed development.MRI and CT scan are used for diagnosis. It can be treated by antiepileptic medication and various therapies like speech therapy and occupational therapy. G therapy is effective for the treatment. Sofar, there is no specific dug treatment.
Peripheral nerve ultrasonography in patients with transthyretin amyloidosis MIDEAS
Objective: To systematically study peripheral nerve morphology in patients with transthyretin (TTR)
amyloidosis and TTR gene mutation carriers using high-resolution ultrasonography (US).
Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study we took a structured history, performed neurological
examination, and measured peripheral nerve cross-sectional areas (CSAs) bilaterally at 28 standard locations
using US. Demographic and US findings were compared to controls.
Results: Peripheral nerve CSAs were significantly larger in 33 patients with familial amyloid polyneuropathy
(FAP) compared to 50 controls, most dramatically at the common entrapment sites (median
nerve at the wrist, ulnar nerve at the elbow), and in the proximal nerve segments (median nerve in
the upper arm, sciatic nerve in the thigh). Findings in 21 asymptomatic TTR gene mutation carriers were
less marked compared to controls, with CSAs being larger only in the median nerve in the upper arm.
Nerve CSAs correlated with abnormalities on nerve conduction studies.
Conclusion: Using US, we confirmed previous pathohistological and imaging reports in FAP of the most
pronounced peripheral nerve thickening in the proximal limb segments.
Significance: Similar to US findings in diabetic and vasculitic neuropathies these predominantly proximal
locations of nerve thickening may be attributed to ischaemic nerve damage caused by poor perfusion in
the watershed zones along proximal limb segments.
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ultrasonographic-study-peripheral-nerves-bulgarian-mitja-dobovi%C4%8Dnik?trk=mp-author-card
PAGE Running head SCHIZOPHRENIA 1SchizophreniaVernessa.docxkarlhennesey
PAGE
Running head: SCHIZOPHRENIA
1
Schizophrenia
Vernessa Combs
PSY350: Physiological Psychology
December 10, 2019
Schizophrenia
The topic selected was schizophrenia. This is a severe and chronic mental disorder affecting the way humans think, feel and behave. Although this mental disorder is not very common, it has disabling symptoms.
Schizophrenia has continuously been viewed as a disorder that occurs in neurodevelopment. It is associated with a microdeletion syndrome of a chromosome. Neurons migrate to the pial surface from the brain's ventricular zone. "Migration of the neuron cell body is mediated via microtubule-based transport organized by the centrosome. First, the centrosome moves up the microtubule, followed by the nucleus and the cell body” (Pearlson, 2015). Neuronal migrations are reportedly caused by Reelin.
The etiology of schizophrenia is unknown, however, several risk factors have been associated with its development. These include environmental and genetic factors. Genetic factors are, however, insufficient to account for the development of the disease. They must be accompanied by other factors for the disease to develop. "Because the concordance rate for monozygotic twins only approaches 50%, genetic makeup alone is not sufficient for the development of schizophrenia, and non-genetic or sporadic forms of the disorder must exist” (Miyamoto et al, 2013).
Environmental factors that play an important role in the etiology of schizophrenia include obstetric complications such as hypoxia, preeclampsia, and premature birth. Other environmental factors include maternal viral infections and stress occurring in neurodevelopment. Stress during neurodevelopment may be caused by other factors such as microbial infections.
The pathology of schizophrenia includes the transcriptional dysregulation at the cerebral cortex and chromosomal conformations. “Anatomic, neurotransmitter and immune system abnormalities have been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia” (Miyamoto et al, 2013). Differences have been observed in the brains of people with schizophrenia compared to the brains of people without the disease in neuroimaging studies. The medial temporal areas of the brain have a decreased volume while the ventricles are larger. Structural abnormalities such as volume reductions and ventricular enlargements have been associated with the disease.
The dopaminergic system abnormalities are also associated with schizophrenia. The immune system is also disturbed in people with the disease. “Overactivation of the immune system (eg, from prenatal infection or postnatal stress) may result in overexpression of inflammatory cytokines and subsequent alteration of brain structure and function” (Nuckols et al, 2013). Anatomic abnormalities may also be observed in the hippocampus.
In the prefrontal cortex, there has been a reported increase in neuronal density. One of the areas of the prefrontal cortex, area 9, has been found to h ...
Neurologist doctor near me. Get treatment costs across hospitals OPD fees, and book an appointment with the best nuerology doctor in Delhi NCR on credihealth
Treating Migraine Ardhavbhedaka with Ayurveda A Single Case Studyijtsrd
Migraine is one of the most common neurovascular disabling disorders encountered in Shalakya practice. Migraine can be defined as a paroxysmal affection having a sudden onset accompanied by usually unilateral severe headache. In Ayurveda, Migraine is described as Ardhaavabhedhaka which is a major health issue among people of age group 20 to 50 years. According to WHO, migraine is the third most common disease in the world with an estimated global prevalence of 14.7 around 1 in 7 people .1 Chronic Migraine affects about 2 of world population2 with female and male ratio 3 1.3 The attack gives warning before it strikes black spots or a brilliant zigzag line appears before the eyes or the patient has blurring of vision or halos around the light, this type of headache is called headache with aura. It is also called as “sick headache†because nausea and vomiting occasionally accompany the excruciating pain which lasts for 4 to 5 hours. Ayurveda believes in treating the disease at its root cause from within. The present article is a case report of 27 years old male who visited ENT OPD at SDM college of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka with a known case of migraine since 6 years. The patient was treated with Ayurvedic managements both sodhana and shamana chikitsa, under IPD and then OPD basis for 2 months. The patient experienced no attack of migraine even within 2 months of interval. This helps to achieve complete curative and prophylactic management of migraine through Ayurveda. This article may aid a new treatment option among practitioners of new era where there is no permanent cure for migraine. Dr. Shyam Kumar Sah | Dr. Deeraj Bc | Ashwini Mj "Treating Migraine (Ardhavbhedaka) with Ayurveda: A Single Case Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21556.pdf
Nova Publishers is an international publisher of journals and eBooks in STM Publishing. Their main focus is on 1. Medicine and Biology 2. Science and Technology and 3. Social Sciences
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2. therapy, analgesic treatment, and nerve block. While antiepileptic drugs
such as carbamazepine, gabapentin, baclofen, or amitriptyline can be used
for medical treatment, radiofrequency gangliolysis, retrogasserian glycer-
ol injections, microvascular decompression surgery, and the gamma knife
system are other treatment modalities.
Nervus intermedius neuralgia should be considered as a differential diag-
nosis if a patient presents with paroxysmal localized pain in the ears.
Informed Consent: Written informed consent was obtained from patient who
participated in this study.
Peer-review: Externally peer-reviewed.
Author Contributions: Concept - T.D., M.E.; Design - T.D., Ş.B.; Supervision Ş.B.;
Resource - T.D., M.E.; Materials - T.D., M.E.; Data Collection and/or Processing - T.D.;
Analysis and/or Interpretation - T.D., Ş.B.; Literature Search - T.D., M.E.; Writing -
T.D.; Critical Reviews - Ş.B.
Acknowledgements: The authors thank to Derviş İlker Gül, faculty member of
the Faculty of Fine Arts, Çukurova University, for his contribution to the drawing
of the facial nerve anatomy.
Conflict of Interest: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.
Financial Disclosure: The authors declared that this study has received no fi-
nancial support.
Hasta Onamı: Yazılı hasta onamı bu çalışmaya katılan hastadan alınmıştır.
Hakem Değerlendirmesi: Dış Bağımsız.
Yazar Katkıları: Fikir - T.D., M.E.; Tasarım - T.D., Ş.B.; Denetleme - Ş.B.; Kaynaklar
- T.D., M.E.; Malzemeler - T.D., M.E.; Veri Toplanması ve/veya İşlemesi - T.D.; Analiz
ve/veya Yorum - T.D., Ş.B.; Literatür Taraması - T.D., Ş.B.; Yazıyı Yazan - T.D.; Eleştirel
İnceleme - Ş.B.
Teşekkür: Yazarlar, Çukurova Üniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi Grafik Bölümü
Öğretim Görevlisi Derviş İlker Gül’e Fasial sinir anatomisi çizimindeki katkılarından
dolayı teşekkür ederler.
Çıkar Çatışması: Yazarlar çıkar çatışması bildirmemişlerdir.
Finansal Destek: Yazarlar bu çalışma için finansal destek almadıklarını beyan et-
mişlerdir.
REFERENCES
1. Alfieri A, Strauss C, Prell J, Peschke E. History of the nervus intermedius of
Wrisberg. Ann Anat 2010; 192:139-144. [CrossRef]
2. Rhoton AL Jr, Kobayashi S, Hollinshead WH. Nervus intermedius. J Neurosurg
1968; 29:609-618. [CrossRef]
3. Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society
(IHS). The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition
(beta version). Cephalalgia 2013; 33:629-808.
4. Tang IP, Freeman SR, Kontorinis G, Tang MY, Rutherford SA, King AT, Lloyd SK.
Geniculate neuralgia: A systematic review. J Laryngol Otol 2014; 128:394-399.
[CrossRef]
5. Rupa V, Saunders RL, Weider DJ. Geniculate neuralgia: the surgical manage-
ment of primary otalgia. J Neurosurg 1991; 75:505-511. [CrossRef]
6. Frese A, Lüttmann RJ, Husstedt IW, Ringelstein EB, Evers S. Geniculate neu-
ralgia as a manifestation of neuroborreliosis. Headache 2002; 42:826-828.
[CrossRef]
Arch Neuropsychiatry 2017; 54: 282-283 Demir et al. Nervus Intermedius Neuralgia
283
![therapy, analgesic treatment, and nerve block. While antiepileptic drugs
such as carbamazepine, gabapentin, baclofen, or amitriptyline can be used
for medical treatment, radiofrequency gangliolysis, retrogasserian glycer-
ol injections, microvascular decompression surgery, and the gamma knife
system are other treatment modalities.
Nervus intermedius neuralgia should be considered as a differential diag-
nosis if a patient presents with paroxysmal localized pain in the ears.
Informed Consent: Written informed consent was obtained from patient who
participated in this study.
Peer-review: Externally peer-reviewed.
Author Contributions: Concept - T.D., M.E.; Design - T.D., Ş.B.; Supervision Ş.B.;
Resource - T.D., M.E.; Materials - T.D., M.E.; Data Collection and/or Processing - T.D.;
Analysis and/or Interpretation - T.D., Ş.B.; Literature Search - T.D., M.E.; Writing -
T.D.; Critical Reviews - Ş.B.
Acknowledgements: The authors thank to Derviş İlker Gül, faculty member of
the Faculty of Fine Arts, Çukurova University, for his contribution to the drawing
of the facial nerve anatomy.
Conflict of Interest: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.
Financial Disclosure: The authors declared that this study has received no fi-
nancial support.
Hasta Onamı: Yazılı hasta onamı bu çalışmaya katılan hastadan alınmıştır.
Hakem Değerlendirmesi: Dış Bağımsız.
Yazar Katkıları: Fikir - T.D., M.E.; Tasarım - T.D., Ş.B.; Denetleme - Ş.B.; Kaynaklar
- T.D., M.E.; Malzemeler - T.D., M.E.; Veri Toplanması ve/veya İşlemesi - T.D.; Analiz
ve/veya Yorum - T.D., Ş.B.; Literatür Taraması - T.D., Ş.B.; Yazıyı Yazan - T.D.; Eleştirel
İnceleme - Ş.B.
Teşekkür: Yazarlar, Çukurova Üniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi Grafik Bölümü
Öğretim Görevlisi Derviş İlker Gül’e Fasial sinir anatomisi çizimindeki katkılarından
dolayı teşekkür ederler.
Çıkar Çatışması: Yazarlar çıkar çatışması bildirmemişlerdir.
Finansal Destek: Yazarlar bu çalışma için finansal destek almadıklarını beyan et-
mişlerdir.
REFERENCES
1. Alfieri A, Strauss C, Prell J, Peschke E. History of the nervus intermedius of
Wrisberg. Ann Anat 2010; 192:139-144. [CrossRef]
2. Rhoton AL Jr, Kobayashi S, Hollinshead WH. Nervus intermedius. J Neurosurg
1968; 29:609-618. [CrossRef]
3. Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society
(IHS). The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition
(beta version). Cephalalgia 2013; 33:629-808.
4. Tang IP, Freeman SR, Kontorinis G, Tang MY, Rutherford SA, King AT, Lloyd SK.
Geniculate neuralgia: A systematic review. J Laryngol Otol 2014; 128:394-399.
[CrossRef]
5. Rupa V, Saunders RL, Weider DJ. Geniculate neuralgia: the surgical manage-
ment of primary otalgia. J Neurosurg 1991; 75:505-511. [CrossRef]
6. Frese A, Lüttmann RJ, Husstedt IW, Ringelstein EB, Evers S. Geniculate neu-
ralgia as a manifestation of neuroborreliosis. Headache 2002; 42:826-828.
[CrossRef]
Arch Neuropsychiatry 2017; 54: 282-283 Demir et al. Nervus Intermedius Neuralgia
283](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)