This research proposal aims to translate a chapter from the book "Principles of Conservation Biology" into Spanish. The chapter provides an overview of the field of conservation biology. The translation will make this information accessible to Spanish readers and help spread awareness of conservation issues. The translation will follow best practices, including analyzing text type, register, and terminology to produce an accurate translation. It will also evaluate which translation techniques from Vinay and Darbelnet's methodology were used. This translation could serve as a reference for students and help laypeople better understand humanity's impact on the natural world.
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This research proposal outlines a project to translate a Spanish text called "100 Años de Historia y de Cuentos" into English. The translation will be accompanied by techniques used in the process. The objectives are to make Quintana Roo's culture more well known to English speakers and to demonstrate the researcher's translation skills. A literature review will discuss definitions of translation, its history, techniques and the role of translators. The methodology will describe the text as literary, the dictionaries and other tools used, and the translation process of multiple drafts and reviews. The conclusion is that the English translation will help Quintana Roo's culture reach new audiences and support the researcher's career as a translator.
This document provides information about Estefania Amairady Cabrera Morales' research translation project. The project involves translating the paper "Cultural Perspectives in Reading: Theory and Research" from English to Spanish. The paper discusses the connection between reading and culture from a research perspective. The translation will help Spanish teachers, scholars, and others interested in the topic who do not have a high level of English proficiency. Cabrera Morales outlines the objectives, significance, and literature review for the project, which will apply translation techniques from theorists to complete the translation.
This document provides a research proposal for translating three chapters from the English book "Hitler, Triumphant" into Spanish. The chapters discuss Adolf Hitler rebuilding his party, rising to power, and establishing the Third Reich. The translation aims to teach history and literature to students in Mexico by providing information about Hitler's life and politics. The researcher will use dictionaries, a computer, and experts to translate the text while applying techniques like borrowing, calques, literal translation, and others. The proposal explains the objectives, significance, and methodology of the translation project.
Spanish- English Translation of the text “Kaambal, Báaxal yéetel Ki´imak Óola...Adrian91ht
This research proposal outlines a project to translate a Spanish book about Mayan games, folklore, and traditions into English. The proposal provides background on the researcher, the working title of the translation project, and an abstract summarizing the goals. Specifically, the translation aims to make the cultural content accessible to English speakers and analyze techniques used in the process. The rationale is that translating the book into English will benefit those interested in Maya culture but who do not speak Spanish. The objectives are to complete the translation using best practices while respecting the original text and make the book available to wider audiences in the University of Quintana Roo.
English to Spanish article: Assessing global exposure and vulnerability towar...Cynthia Barrera Gongora
This document is a research proposal for translating an English article on assessing global exposure and vulnerability to natural hazards into Spanish. The proposal outlines the rationale, objectives, relevance, literature review on translation techniques, proposed translation method, self-evaluation criteria, and timeline. Specifically, the proposal aims to make risk information on natural disasters more accessible to Spanish-speaking researchers through a translated article, with the goal of helping further studies and disaster prevention efforts.
This presentation deals with common technology used in the translation industry, such as CAT tools, terminology lists and quality assurance programs. It is a brief but informative overview of how everything works as well as how to save money on translations for multilingual translations projects.
This document discusses the particularities of scientific translation. It begins by outlining the historic significance of scientific translation in disseminating knowledge across cultures. It then notes that while translation studies originally focused on literary works, scientific translation has grown in importance as an area of study. The document also differentiates scientific translation from other types by emphasizing the need for accuracy and consistency in terminology. It highlights challenges like translating cultural references and technical language in scientific texts.
This document provides information about Estefania Amairady Cabrera Morales' translation research project. The project involves translating the paper "Cultural Perspectives in Reading: Theory and Research" from English to Spanish. The summary aims to make the research on the connection between culture and reading comprehension accessible to Spanish-speaking teachers and scholars. The translation will use techniques from various translation schools, including literal translation, transposition, modulation, and equivalence. The project aims to help Spanish readers by providing important information about reading that may help improve reading scores in Mexico.
Spanish-English translation of “100 Años de Historia y de Cuentos” with trans...Yhoshira Mis
This research proposal outlines a project to translate a Spanish text called "100 Años de Historia y de Cuentos" into English. The translation will be accompanied by techniques used in the process. The objectives are to make Quintana Roo's culture more well known to English speakers and to demonstrate the researcher's translation skills. A literature review will discuss definitions of translation, its history, techniques and the role of translators. The methodology will describe the text as literary, the dictionaries and other tools used, and the translation process of multiple drafts and reviews. The conclusion is that the English translation will help Quintana Roo's culture reach new audiences and support the researcher's career as a translator.
This document provides information about Estefania Amairady Cabrera Morales' research translation project. The project involves translating the paper "Cultural Perspectives in Reading: Theory and Research" from English to Spanish. The paper discusses the connection between reading and culture from a research perspective. The translation will help Spanish teachers, scholars, and others interested in the topic who do not have a high level of English proficiency. Cabrera Morales outlines the objectives, significance, and literature review for the project, which will apply translation techniques from theorists to complete the translation.
This document provides a research proposal for translating three chapters from the English book "Hitler, Triumphant" into Spanish. The chapters discuss Adolf Hitler rebuilding his party, rising to power, and establishing the Third Reich. The translation aims to teach history and literature to students in Mexico by providing information about Hitler's life and politics. The researcher will use dictionaries, a computer, and experts to translate the text while applying techniques like borrowing, calques, literal translation, and others. The proposal explains the objectives, significance, and methodology of the translation project.
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This research proposal outlines a project to translate a Spanish book about Mayan games, folklore, and traditions into English. The proposal provides background on the researcher, the working title of the translation project, and an abstract summarizing the goals. Specifically, the translation aims to make the cultural content accessible to English speakers and analyze techniques used in the process. The rationale is that translating the book into English will benefit those interested in Maya culture but who do not speak Spanish. The objectives are to complete the translation using best practices while respecting the original text and make the book available to wider audiences in the University of Quintana Roo.
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This document is a research proposal for translating an English article on assessing global exposure and vulnerability to natural hazards into Spanish. The proposal outlines the rationale, objectives, relevance, literature review on translation techniques, proposed translation method, self-evaluation criteria, and timeline. Specifically, the proposal aims to make risk information on natural disasters more accessible to Spanish-speaking researchers through a translated article, with the goal of helping further studies and disaster prevention efforts.
This document provides a research proposal for a translation project of selected chapters from the book "Hitler, Triumphant" from English to Spanish. The proposal outlines the student's rationale for choosing this project, which is to provide translated texts to help a history teacher and students at their school who have limited English proficiency. The proposal describes the objectives of demonstrating translation skills and techniques while maintaining the original meaning and message. An extensive literature review covers the history of translation, common techniques like borrowing words and literal vs. oblique translations, text types, and translation institutes. The student aims to help improve understanding of history topics through this translation work.
This document provides an overview of the book "Translation: The Basics" by Juliane House. It introduces the book as an accessible introduction to translation studies that presents an integrated approach combining traditional text-based views with the wider context of translation. It summarizes some of the key questions addressed in the book, such as how translations can be approached, the role of social/cultural issues, and the effect of globalization on the field. The document also provides biographical information about the author Juliane House and lists other titles in the Routledge "Basics" book series.
This individual has basic translation skills and knowledge of two languages but requires close supervision and editing.
Junior Translator: Has some translation experience and can work independently on straightforward texts. Requires review by a senior translator.
Translator: Can translate a wide variety of text types and subject matters into their working languages. Works independently but may require guidance on complex projects.
Senior Translator: Highly experienced with advanced language skills. Can translate complex texts autonomously and provide guidance to less experienced translators. May specialize in one or more fields.
Project Manager: Oversees translation projects and works with clients. Has strong project management, client relations and quality assurance skills in addition to translation experience. May also translate.
Fre
Komparativna analiza prevođenja narodnih izreka u engleskom i srpskom jezikuSenida Kalač
This document analyzes and compares the translation of folk sayings from English to Montenegrin and vice versa. It discusses different translation methods like literal translation, free translation, and substitution translation. Through many examples, it shows how determinations are made on how to translate folk sayings. It also covers the concept of folk sayings, paremiologists who study them, and their research. The conclusion is that sayings reflect a folklore and culture, creating unique diversity in the world that enriches cultures and the spirit of peoples.
This document is a research proposal for translating a document about teaching inferential comprehension strategies in English L2 and their impact on Spanish L1. The proposal provides background on translation and defines it. It discusses the rationale, objectives, and significance of translating this document. The literature review covers important translation techniques like direct (word-for-word, literal, linguistic borrowing, calque) and indirect/oblique (transposition, modulation, equivalence, adaptation, reduction, omission). The methods section outlines the translation process using Vinay and Dalbernet's techniques, including understanding the text, drafting, revising, and contrasting with the original. References and a timetable are also included.
English-Spanish translation of the chapter Analyzing Business Goals and Const...Enrique Zurita-Guitar
Abstract
"Translation is that which transforms everything so that nothing changes." - Grass Günter. Doing that requires a high skills and it might be hard but not impossible. A translation is the reflection of its author, it shows the knowledge and background of the translator. This work aims to offer the reader a trustworthy translation of the text “Analysing Business Goals and Constraints” which shows us how to use a systematic, top-down process when designing computer networks. The main purpose for this monographic study is to be analysed using the techniques proposed by Molina and Hurtado Albir as well as reading material for Network Design students.
Translation is an important process for communicating information from one language to another through written text. It allows the transfer of knowledge across countries and the exchange of scientific, political, entertainment and news information. While translation plays a beneficial role in improving education through disseminating information, it is a difficult task that requires skill. Translators must follow translation theories to accurately convey meanings and not arbitrarily translate text.
Spanish/Mayan-English Translation of the book “Kaambal, baaxal yéetel k'iimak...Anahi Ramirez
Spanish/Mayan-English Translation of the book “Kaambal, baaxal yéetel k'iimak óolal” with a detailed explanation of the techniques used by Anahí Ramírez.
This document discusses translation equivalence theories and approaches. It begins by reviewing previous studies on translation equivalence, noting two opposing ways of translating - formal equivalence (word-for-word) and dynamic equivalence (focusing on meaning and readability). It then discusses Nida's distinction between formal and dynamic equivalence, and Newmark's semantic and communicative translation approaches. The document concludes that a translator may use any equivalence concept applicable to their translation.
English for science and technology (EST) plays an important part in making exchanges of scientific and technological information around the world. Nida’s translation theory has exerted a profound influence on translation studies. Functional equivalence theory is one of the core concepts of his translation theory. This paper will analyze the guiding significance of functional equivalence theory to English for science and technology translation from the perspectives of lexical equivalence, syntactic equivalence and discourse equivalence.
Multicultural Problem-based Learning Approaches Facilitate ESP Language Acquisition ......................................... 1
Diane Boothe, DPA, Melissa Caspary, Ph.D., and Clifton D. Wickstrom, Ph.D.
Learning in Motion: Teachers‟ Perspectives on the Impact of Stationary Bike Use in the Classroom ..................... 15
Julie Lynn Mueller, Amanada Wudarzewski and Yoad Avitzur
Expanding Areas of Influence at Azores University: Virtual Campus, Regional Clusters and Points of Presence 29
Rogerio L. Roth
Can You Tell Me Why: Two Extreme Cases in Translation Learning Results ............................................................. 38
Yvonne Ying-Ya Wen
Can Student Engagement in Online Courses Predict Performance on Online Knowledge Surveys? ....................... 73
Bernard BAHATI, Uno Fors, Matti Tedre
Effects of Computerized Cognitive Training on Working Memory in a School Setting ............................................ 88
Tessy T. Pumaccahua, M.A., Eugene H. Wong, Ph.D. and Dudley J. Wiest, Ph.D.
How Cooperating Teachers and Interns Understand “Teaching for a Better World” During Internship ............. 105
Twyla Salm, PhD and Val Mulholland, PhD
This document provides an overview of the early study of language among ancient Greeks. It discusses how Greeks like Herodotus and Plato speculated about the origins, history, and structure of language. It describes the debate between Analogists, who saw language as natural and logical, and Anomalists, who pointed out its irregularities. While Greeks realized language changes over time, they never systematically studied this. Their grammatical observations were confined to Greek and stated philosophically rather than based on careful observation. This laid the foundations for later traditional views of language.
English-Spanish translation of the tex "Lexical Acquisition in the Early Scho...Isaias Herrera
This document discusses translating an English text about lexical acquisition in early school years into Spanish. It aims to provide Spanish-speaking students information about how children acquire their first words. The translation will help students in the Humanidades major who don't understand English. Methods that will be used include books, dictionaries, the internet, and teachers to accurately translate the text while retaining the original meaning. The translation seeks to help more people understand the topic, especially Spanish-speaking students.
This document discusses the use of corpus linguistics in language teaching and learning. It provides examples of how corpora can be used for vocabulary acquisition, grammar instruction, and developing classroom activities. Specific corpora mentioned include the British National Corpus and the International Corpus of Learner English. Benefits of corpus linguistics include helping learners understand typical language use and aiding in lifelong language learning.
Translation procedures of biological terms in bilingual biology 1 student tex...Pungki Ariefin
This document summarizes the background and objectives of a research study analyzing the translation procedures of biological terms in a bilingual biology textbook. Specifically:
1) The study will analyze the translation procedures used for biological terms classified as nouns and noun phrases in the "Bilingual Biology 1 Student Textbook Year X".
2) The study aims to identify the most dominant biological terms, translation procedures, and evaluate the appropriateness of the translations.
3) The results are intended to provide guidance for translators and enrich findings from previous translation procedure studies analyzing different text types.
Translation of chapters: Early Years, The Great War and Early Political LifeJorge Mena
This document is a research proposal submitted by Jorge Rafael Mena Flores, a student at Universidad de Quintana Roo, for a translation project of chapters from the book "Hitler, triumphant" by Matthew Moses from English to Spanish. The chapters to be translated are "Early Years", "The Great War", and "Early Political Life" and will focus on Adolf Hitler's life from birth to 1918. The translation aims to provide Spanish-speaking secondary students with information on Hitler's early life and rise to power. Mena Flores will closely study the text, use translation references and techniques, and carefully convey the author's intended meaning to complete an accurate cultural and historical translation for classroom use.
1 An Overview of Language Teaching Methods and Approaches .docxhoney725342
1 An Overview of Language Teaching
Methods and Approaches
MARIANNE CELCE-MURCIA
KEY QUESTIONS
» What are the methods and approaches that language teachers have used over the years to teach
foreign or second languages?
» What are the current methodological trends and challenges?
» Where does language teaching methodology appear to be heading?
EXPERIENCE
A committee of professors reviewing applications
for their graduate program in TESOL come upon
the statement of another applicant who declares
in his statement of purpose that he wishes to be
admitted to discover or (more ambitiously) to
develop the one best method for teaching English
as a second or foreign language. Several com-
mittee members utter words of impatience and
disappointment:
"Oh, no! Not another one!"
"Here we go again!"
The reasons for the committee's reactions to this
statement of purpose will become clear in the
course of this chapter.
WHAT IS A METHOD OR AN
APPROACH TO LANGUAGE
TEACHING?
A.nthony ( 1963) was one of the first applied lin-
guists to distinguish the terms approach, method,
and technique as they apply to language teach-
ing.1 For Anthony, an approach reflects a theo-
retical model or research pa1·adigm. It provides
a broad philosophical perspective on language
teaching, such as found in the justifications for
the direct method, the reading approach, or
the communicative approach (all are discussed
2
in this chapter). A method, on the other hand,
is a set of procedures for Anthony. It spells out
rather precisely in a step-by-step manner how to
teach a second or foreign language. Examples of
methods are the Silent ''Vay, Community Language
Learning, and Suggestopedia (all ofwhich are also
described here). A method is more specific than
an approach but less specific than a technique.
Anthony's methods are typically compatible with
one (or sometimes two) approaches. A technique
in Anthony's system is a specific classroom activity;
it thus represents the most specific and concrete
of the three concepts that he discusses. Some tech-
niques are widely used and found in many methods
(e.g., dictation, listen and repeat drills, and read
the passage and fill in the blanks); other tech-
niques, however, are specific to or characteristic of
a given method (e.g., using cuisenaire rods in the
Silent Way) (Gattegno, 1976).
A more recent framework for discussing lan-
guage teaching methodology has been proposed
by Richards and Rodgers (2001); it is presented
in Figure l. Richards and Rodgers use method as
the most general and overarching term. Under
method, they have the terms aptJroach, design, and
procedure. Their use of the term approach is similar
to Anthony's use, but their concept is more com-
prehensive and explicit. It includes theories of the
nature of language (including units of language
analysis) and the natlll·e of language learning
with reference to psychological and pedagogical
principles. The d ...
This document is a research proposal for a translation project titled "Teaching Inferential Comprehension Strategies in L2 English and Their Impact on L1 Spanish". The proposal provides background on the importance of translation and defines key concepts. It outlines the objective of faithfully translating a chapter on teaching reading comprehension strategies from Spanish to English. The proposal discusses the significance of the project for Spanish-speaking language educators and students in developing reading skills. Direct and indirect translation techniques that will be used are also reviewed from translation literature.
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3) The results are intended to provide guidance for translators and enrich findings from previous translation procedure studies analyzing different text types.
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1 An Overview of Language Teaching Methods and Approaches .docxhoney725342
1 An Overview of Language Teaching
Methods and Approaches
MARIANNE CELCE-MURCIA
KEY QUESTIONS
» What are the methods and approaches that language teachers have used over the years to teach
foreign or second languages?
» What are the current methodological trends and challenges?
» Where does language teaching methodology appear to be heading?
EXPERIENCE
A committee of professors reviewing applications
for their graduate program in TESOL come upon
the statement of another applicant who declares
in his statement of purpose that he wishes to be
admitted to discover or (more ambitiously) to
develop the one best method for teaching English
as a second or foreign language. Several com-
mittee members utter words of impatience and
disappointment:
"Oh, no! Not another one!"
"Here we go again!"
The reasons for the committee's reactions to this
statement of purpose will become clear in the
course of this chapter.
WHAT IS A METHOD OR AN
APPROACH TO LANGUAGE
TEACHING?
A.nthony ( 1963) was one of the first applied lin-
guists to distinguish the terms approach, method,
and technique as they apply to language teach-
ing.1 For Anthony, an approach reflects a theo-
retical model or research pa1·adigm. It provides
a broad philosophical perspective on language
teaching, such as found in the justifications for
the direct method, the reading approach, or
the communicative approach (all are discussed
2
in this chapter). A method, on the other hand,
is a set of procedures for Anthony. It spells out
rather precisely in a step-by-step manner how to
teach a second or foreign language. Examples of
methods are the Silent ''Vay, Community Language
Learning, and Suggestopedia (all ofwhich are also
described here). A method is more specific than
an approach but less specific than a technique.
Anthony's methods are typically compatible with
one (or sometimes two) approaches. A technique
in Anthony's system is a specific classroom activity;
it thus represents the most specific and concrete
of the three concepts that he discusses. Some tech-
niques are widely used and found in many methods
(e.g., dictation, listen and repeat drills, and read
the passage and fill in the blanks); other tech-
niques, however, are specific to or characteristic of
a given method (e.g., using cuisenaire rods in the
Silent Way) (Gattegno, 1976).
A more recent framework for discussing lan-
guage teaching methodology has been proposed
by Richards and Rodgers (2001); it is presented
in Figure l. Richards and Rodgers use method as
the most general and overarching term. Under
method, they have the terms aptJroach, design, and
procedure. Their use of the term approach is similar
to Anthony's use, but their concept is more com-
prehensive and explicit. It includes theories of the
nature of language (including units of language
analysis) and the natlll·e of language learning
with reference to psychological and pedagogical
principles. The d ...
This document is a research proposal for a translation project titled "Teaching Inferential Comprehension Strategies in L2 English and Their Impact on L1 Spanish". The proposal provides background on the importance of translation and defines key concepts. It outlines the objective of faithfully translating a chapter on teaching reading comprehension strategies from Spanish to English. The proposal discusses the significance of the project for Spanish-speaking language educators and students in developing reading skills. Direct and indirect translation techniques that will be used are also reviewed from translation literature.
Similar to A translation of the chapter: what is conservation biology? (20)
A translation of the chapter: what is conservation biology?
1. UNIVERSITY OF QUINTANA ROO
DIVISION OF POLITICAL SCIENCIES AND HUMANITIES
DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND EDUCATION
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Translation
ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROGRAMME
Researcher’s name: Jairo Christian Espinoza Sanchez
Student’s registration number: 08-09483
Working Title: A translation of the chapter: what is conservation biology?
General Line of Research: Applied linguistics
Nature of Research: Documentary research
Date: November 9th, 2012
2. Abstract
This monograph deals with the translation of a brief chapter of a third edition book
called “Principles of Conservation Biology,” written by Martha J. Groom, Gary K.
Meffe, and C. Ronald Carroll. This chapter provides brief information of what
Conservation Biology is and what it involves. The main aims of this translation work
is to provide accurate and brief information that could serve as a reference material for
the ones who are really interested in what conservation biology is, and also to make
this topic understandable and available to every Spanish reader. One as a translator has
to follow a certain procedure in order to get a really faithful translation: the recognition
of the type of text, the identification of the register, a general reading of the text, the
identification of difficult words to be translated, the consultancy of a specialist in the
topic, get the first draft done, polish it up and get the final version. Finally, the analysis
of the techniques used in it.
3. Introduction
1.1 Background
As we all know, our planet is facing many problems due to many human activities, which have caused severe
damages, some of which are irreversible. In the words of Soulé, 1985, “Conservation Biology, a new stage in the
application of science to conservation problems, addresses the biology of species, communities, and ecosystems that
are perturbed, either directly or indirectly, by human activities or other agents. Its goal is to provide principles and
tools for preserving biological diversity.”
1.2 Rationale
The natural environment has been mistreated and also neglected due to the lack of interest in it and as a result of this,
many species have been led to the risk of extinction and also many natural cycles have been perturbed. The
environment plays a really important role in every living being´s life on the face of the Earth; so, we, as human
beings, have the responsibility of taking care of it and also of preserving the other living beings’ lives such as animals
and plants taking into consideration that we are the ones who have affected them directly and even indirectly. What I
have mentioned above are some logical reasons why I have decided to translate this text.
4. 1.3 Objectives
to provide accurate and brief information that could serve as a reference material for the ones who are really
interested in what conservation biology is.
to make the information understandable to every Spanish reader who wants briefly to know about what conservation
biology is.
to complete the translation of the best possible quality with the aid of the most suitable translation techniques by
doing a meticulous analysis of the text and the techniques involved in it.
to improve my translation skills so that when finishing this major I will not have many difficulties at doing a
translation.
to conclude with a certain point of my life, that is, to look at myself finishing this major and also to feel good about
it.
1.4 Significance of the research topic
The need for translating this interesting chapter is because it will be helpful for teachers or students of biology, who
are not competent enough to understand this chapter in English, because they will use this information and knowledge
for being more competitive in their subject. Furthermore, this information will give the layman an insight and a better
understanding of what is happening with our planet and its natural environment in order to be more attentive to the
warning signs we are receiving.
5. Literature Review
How can we transmit something to someone who does not understand our language? Translation emerged as the reply
to this question. Orellana (1997) defines translation “as the faithful transfer of the ideas from a source language to a
target language in a correct, precise and appropriate style.”
“La traducción ha sido desde hace milenios uno de los procedimientos más importantes, acaso el más importante, para
la propagación de la cultura, para la creación y el desarrollo de nuevas literaturas y para el enriquecimiento de las
lenguas utilizadas para traducir.” (Garcia, 1994, p.11)
The translation of any text is an activity that demands a big effort. As Sauri (2008) states in her monograph:
In order to make a good translation it is necessary to take into consideration: the type of text (if it is
technical, literary, scientific, etc.), the kind of reader it is directed to (familiar with the topic or not; linguistically
conscious or not or the reader’s culture and nationality), the purpose of the text (for information, for recreation,
etc.) (pg.10).
It is important to mention that translation techniques are really helpful because thanks to them a translator can carry out
a good translation work, and also they help the translator in the revision of it. Garcia (1989) states that “las técnicas de
traducción son herramientas de las cuales se vale el traductor para lograr su trabajo.”
This translation work will be based on the Vinay and Darbelnet methodology. In the following lines, there is a list with
a brief description of every technique in the Vinay and Darbelnet’s methodology.
6. The Direct translation group:
Borrowing
e.g.: “Tequila”, “bullying” (a recent word), and “garage”
Calque
e.g.: Weekend-------------fin de semana
Literal translation
e.g.: The house is red----la casa es roja
The Oblique translation group:
Transposition
e.g.: they faced the situation bravely-----enfrentaron la situación con valentía.
Modulation
e.g.: it is not easy to translate-------es difícil de traducir
Equivalence
e.g.: it costed me an arm and a leg--------me costó un ojo de la cara
Adaptation
e.g.: 50 first dates------como si fuera la primera vez
7. Method
“Translators must have a wide arrange of reference sources that they have acquired through their research skills;
without that even the best of the translators wouldn´t be able to achieve a faithful translation of the text.” (Sofer, 2009
p.33)
The use of dictionaries is really necessary and important in doing a translation. Moreover, the translator has to keep in
mind that there are many aspects that are implied in the process of a translation. There are some stages that need to be
taken into account in carrying out the translation:
Stage 1 (before the translation)
The recognition of the type of text, that is, if it is informative, persuasive, literary, technical, etc. then the translator
needs to identify the register in order to shape the translation in a proper way so readers will be able to understand it
all.
Stage 2 (during the translation)
A general reading is also necessary so translator can get a general idea of what the source text is about. After that, the
translator has to find those words, phrases or certain parts that will cause some problems to be translated by reading
the text in a detail way. If one as a translator has doubt about some specific words or phrases of the target text, he/she
shall consult a specialist of the topic so the translator can get an accurate translation. It is also essential that the
translator read more about the topic of the text to be translated so he/she can be familiar with it. After the second
detailed reading of the source text, the translator is allowed to write his/her first draft. Finally, once the first draft had
been done, the translator will check it, modify it, and polish up into the final version.
Stage 3 (after the translation)
Once the final translation had been got, the translator will proceed to analyze it in order to find out which techniques
he used in it.
8. References
Baker, M. (2001) Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation
Studies. London and New York: Routledge.
Garcia Yebra, V. (1994) Traducción: Historia y teoría.
Madrid, España: Gredos.
Orellana, M. (1997) La traducción del ingles al castellano.
Guía para el Traductor. Santiago, Chile: Editorial
Universitaria.
Sauri, M. (2008). The Use of Translation Techniques in a
Didactic Text. (Unpublished monograph). UQROO, Chetumal.
Sofer M. (2002). The Translator’s Handbook. Rocville,
Maryland: Schreiber Publishing.
Vinay, J. P. & Darbelnet, J. (1958) “A Methodology for
Translation”, in The Translation Studies Reader. (2000)
Venuti, Lawrence, ed. London: Routledge.