In Databases one of the active research fields is mapping relational databases (RDB) into Resource
Description Framework (RDF). An enormous data is kept in the form of relational databases and accessing
of data is done in the semantic web. The data stored in RDB is to be efficiently mapped to the semantic web
or RDF for data availability to the users. There is a definite need for improvement in technologies for
efficient mapping languages from RDB to RDF in semantic web. This paper presents an up-to-date survey
of different RDB to RDF mapping languages proposed in recent times. It outlines the main features or
characteristics to be considered for efficient mapping in different scenarios. The main objective of this
content, pictures identification of limitations existing in the mapping languages. It also enhances the
comparisons between each language and helps researchers to propose further better proposals in their
future scope of work to improve better mapping techniques.
Modern PHP RDF toolkits: a comparative studyMarius Butuc
This work presents a comparative study on the RDF processing APIs implemented in PHP. We took into consideration diferent
criteria including, but not limited to: the solution for storing RDF statements, the support for SPARQL queries, performance, interoperability,
and implementation maturity.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Bridging the gap between the semantic web and big data: answering SPARQL que...IJECEIAES
Nowadays, the database field has gotten much more diverse, and as a result, a variety of non-relational (NoSQL) databases have been created, including JSON-document databases and key-value stores, as well as extensible markup language (XML) and graph databases. Due to the emergence of a new generation of data services, some of the problems associated with big data have been resolved. In addition, in the haste to address the challenges of big data, NoSQL abandoned several core databases features that make them extremely efficient and functional, for instance the global view, which enables users to access data regardless of how it is logically structured or physically stored in its sources. In this article, we propose a method that allows us to query non-relational databases based on the ontology-based access data (OBDA) framework by delegating SPARQL protocol and resource description framework (RDF) query language (SPARQL) queries from ontology to the NoSQL database. We applied the method on a popular database called Couchbase and we discussed the result obtained.
Modern PHP RDF toolkits: a comparative studyMarius Butuc
This work presents a comparative study on the RDF processing APIs implemented in PHP. We took into consideration diferent
criteria including, but not limited to: the solution for storing RDF statements, the support for SPARQL queries, performance, interoperability,
and implementation maturity.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Bridging the gap between the semantic web and big data: answering SPARQL que...IJECEIAES
Nowadays, the database field has gotten much more diverse, and as a result, a variety of non-relational (NoSQL) databases have been created, including JSON-document databases and key-value stores, as well as extensible markup language (XML) and graph databases. Due to the emergence of a new generation of data services, some of the problems associated with big data have been resolved. In addition, in the haste to address the challenges of big data, NoSQL abandoned several core databases features that make them extremely efficient and functional, for instance the global view, which enables users to access data regardless of how it is logically structured or physically stored in its sources. In this article, we propose a method that allows us to query non-relational databases based on the ontology-based access data (OBDA) framework by delegating SPARQL protocol and resource description framework (RDF) query language (SPARQL) queries from ontology to the NoSQL database. We applied the method on a popular database called Couchbase and we discussed the result obtained.
Selecting the right database type for your knowledge management needs.Synaptica, LLC
This presentation looks at relational vs. graph databases and their advantages and disadvantages in storing semantic data for taxonomies and ontologies.
SOME INTEROPERABILITY ISSUES IN THE DESIGNING OF WEB SERVICES : CASE STUDY ON...ijwscjournal
In today’s environment most of the commercial web based project developed in the industry as well enumerous number of funded project/and studies taken as part of research oriented initiatives in the academia suffer from major technical issues as to how design, develop and deploy the Web Services that
can run in variety of heterogeneous environments. In this paper we address the issues of interoperability between Web Services, the metrics which can be used to measure the interoperability and simulate the Online shopping application by developing the Credit Card Verification Software using Luhn’s Mod 10 algorithm having Java Client written in NetBeans and the BankWebService in C# .NET.
SOME INTEROPERABILITY ISSUES IN THE DESIGNING OF WEB SERVICES : CASE STUDY ON...ijwscjournal
In today’s environment most of the commercial web based project developed in the industry as well
enumerous number of funded project/and studies taken as part of research oriented initiatives in the
academia suffer from major technical issues as to how design, develop and deploy the Web Services that
can run in variety of heterogeneous environments. In this paper we address the issues of
interoperability between Web Services, the metrics which can be used to measure the interoperability
and simulate the Online shopping application by developing the Credit Card Verification Software
using Luhn’s Mod 10 algorithm having Java Client written in NetBeans and the BankWebService in
C# .NET.
sparqling-the-web-apis-for-seamless-data-integration-2023-5-30-5-25-5.pdfData & Analytics Magazin
Have you ever tried getting data from different sources and combining them seamlessly? It's like trying to mix oil and water - they just don't blend. But fear not, my fellow data enthusiasts! SPARQL is here to save the day. This API lets you query data from different sources on the web and seamlessly integrate them for your use. It's like having a magical data spoon that can scoop up information from different pots and blend them into a delicious data stew. So, let's SPARQL our way through the web and get that data mixing like a pro chef.
OUTCOME ANALYSIS IN ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS USING NEO4Jijcsity
Databases are an integral part of a computing system and users heavily rely on the services they provide.When interact with a computing system, we expect that data be stored for future use, that the data is able to be looked up fastly, and we can perform complex queries against the data stored in the database. Many
different emerging database types available for use such as relational databases, object databases, keyvalue databases, graph databases, and RDF databases. Each type of database provides unique qualities that have applications in certain domains. Our work aims to investigate and compare the performance and
scalability of relational databases to graph databases in terms of handling multilevel queries such as finding the impact of a particular subject with the working area of pass out students. MySQL was chosen as the relational database, Neo4j as the graph database.
WebSpa is a tool that allows the quick, intuitive (and even fun) interrogation of arbitrary SPARQL endpoints. WebSpa runs in the web browser and does not require the installation of any additional software. The tool manages a large variety of pre-defined SPARQL endpoints and allows the addition of new ones. An user account gives the possibility of saving both the interrogation and its results on the local computer, as well as further editing of the queries. The application is written in both Java and Flex. It uses Jena and ARQ application programming interface in order to perform the queries, and the results are processed and displayed using Flex.
Call for Papers - 8th International Conference on Electrical & Computer Engin...AEIJjournal2
8th International Conference on Electrical & Computer Engineering (E& C 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications impacts and challenges of Electrical & Computer Engineering. The conference documents practical and theoretical results which make a fundamental contribution for the development of Electrical & Computer Engineering. The aim of the conference is to provide a platform to the researchers and practitioners from both academia as well as industry to meet and share cutting-edge development in the field.
Authors are solicited to contribute to the conference by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in the following areas, but are not limited to:
DYNAMICS IN THE HISTORY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF MAN: REFOCUSING ON ECOLOG...AEIJjournal2
Man’s history and development endeavours have beenadvancing alongside a trail of ecological
ramifications and climate change. Since prehistoric times, scientists have not recorded an accelerated shift
in the ecologyof the planet during any other epoch beside that of modern man. The paper seeks to explore
how man’s history and developmentaffects ecologyand climate. It uses desk analysis to recollect data from
global assessment reportsand runs a One paired Sample Means t-Test, 1 tailed, 8 df, at Pearson
Correlation value 0.458 and 0.5 alpha level. Findings show that, there is globalclimate change, seen in
global warming trends; andimbalance in ecological footprint, seen in depletion of air, water and land
sinks. The t-Test reveals significant net loss of global forest cover.The study also,apparently found that,
processes ofdevelopment generally tend to damage ecology. Therefore,the study recommends a refocus to
sustainable means of development.
More Related Content
Similar to A Review on RDB to RDF Mapping for Semantic Web
Selecting the right database type for your knowledge management needs.Synaptica, LLC
This presentation looks at relational vs. graph databases and their advantages and disadvantages in storing semantic data for taxonomies and ontologies.
SOME INTEROPERABILITY ISSUES IN THE DESIGNING OF WEB SERVICES : CASE STUDY ON...ijwscjournal
In today’s environment most of the commercial web based project developed in the industry as well enumerous number of funded project/and studies taken as part of research oriented initiatives in the academia suffer from major technical issues as to how design, develop and deploy the Web Services that
can run in variety of heterogeneous environments. In this paper we address the issues of interoperability between Web Services, the metrics which can be used to measure the interoperability and simulate the Online shopping application by developing the Credit Card Verification Software using Luhn’s Mod 10 algorithm having Java Client written in NetBeans and the BankWebService in C# .NET.
SOME INTEROPERABILITY ISSUES IN THE DESIGNING OF WEB SERVICES : CASE STUDY ON...ijwscjournal
In today’s environment most of the commercial web based project developed in the industry as well
enumerous number of funded project/and studies taken as part of research oriented initiatives in the
academia suffer from major technical issues as to how design, develop and deploy the Web Services that
can run in variety of heterogeneous environments. In this paper we address the issues of
interoperability between Web Services, the metrics which can be used to measure the interoperability
and simulate the Online shopping application by developing the Credit Card Verification Software
using Luhn’s Mod 10 algorithm having Java Client written in NetBeans and the BankWebService in
C# .NET.
sparqling-the-web-apis-for-seamless-data-integration-2023-5-30-5-25-5.pdfData & Analytics Magazin
Have you ever tried getting data from different sources and combining them seamlessly? It's like trying to mix oil and water - they just don't blend. But fear not, my fellow data enthusiasts! SPARQL is here to save the day. This API lets you query data from different sources on the web and seamlessly integrate them for your use. It's like having a magical data spoon that can scoop up information from different pots and blend them into a delicious data stew. So, let's SPARQL our way through the web and get that data mixing like a pro chef.
OUTCOME ANALYSIS IN ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS USING NEO4Jijcsity
Databases are an integral part of a computing system and users heavily rely on the services they provide.When interact with a computing system, we expect that data be stored for future use, that the data is able to be looked up fastly, and we can perform complex queries against the data stored in the database. Many
different emerging database types available for use such as relational databases, object databases, keyvalue databases, graph databases, and RDF databases. Each type of database provides unique qualities that have applications in certain domains. Our work aims to investigate and compare the performance and
scalability of relational databases to graph databases in terms of handling multilevel queries such as finding the impact of a particular subject with the working area of pass out students. MySQL was chosen as the relational database, Neo4j as the graph database.
WebSpa is a tool that allows the quick, intuitive (and even fun) interrogation of arbitrary SPARQL endpoints. WebSpa runs in the web browser and does not require the installation of any additional software. The tool manages a large variety of pre-defined SPARQL endpoints and allows the addition of new ones. An user account gives the possibility of saving both the interrogation and its results on the local computer, as well as further editing of the queries. The application is written in both Java and Flex. It uses Jena and ARQ application programming interface in order to perform the queries, and the results are processed and displayed using Flex.
Call for Papers - 8th International Conference on Electrical & Computer Engin...AEIJjournal2
8th International Conference on Electrical & Computer Engineering (E& C 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications impacts and challenges of Electrical & Computer Engineering. The conference documents practical and theoretical results which make a fundamental contribution for the development of Electrical & Computer Engineering. The aim of the conference is to provide a platform to the researchers and practitioners from both academia as well as industry to meet and share cutting-edge development in the field.
Authors are solicited to contribute to the conference by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in the following areas, but are not limited to:
DYNAMICS IN THE HISTORY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF MAN: REFOCUSING ON ECOLOG...AEIJjournal2
Man’s history and development endeavours have beenadvancing alongside a trail of ecological
ramifications and climate change. Since prehistoric times, scientists have not recorded an accelerated shift
in the ecologyof the planet during any other epoch beside that of modern man. The paper seeks to explore
how man’s history and developmentaffects ecologyand climate. It uses desk analysis to recollect data from
global assessment reportsand runs a One paired Sample Means t-Test, 1 tailed, 8 df, at Pearson
Correlation value 0.458 and 0.5 alpha level. Findings show that, there is globalclimate change, seen in
global warming trends; andimbalance in ecological footprint, seen in depletion of air, water and land
sinks. The t-Test reveals significant net loss of global forest cover.The study also,apparently found that,
processes ofdevelopment generally tend to damage ecology. Therefore,the study recommends a refocus to
sustainable means of development.
Direct Alcohol Alkaline Fuel Cell as Future ProspectusAEIJjournal2
Fuel cells are called the fourth electricity power generation after water, nuclear power generation devices.
Fuel cells are widely recognized as very attractive devices to obtain directly electric energy from the
electrochemical combustion of chemical products. When fuel cells are continuously supplied fuel and
oxidant, electricity can be made constantly. According to the different electrolytes, fuel cells can be divided
into different types among them, alkaline fuel cell is best as compared to others ones. Due to the activation
overvoltage at the cathode is generally less than that with an acid electrolyte and there are very few
standard chemicals that are cheaper than potassium hydroxide. These fuel cells have longer lifetimes, and
do not require expensive noble metal catalysts to be used. Noble metal catalysts may be used, but less is
needed to achieve a similar reaction rate. The main objective of the study is to use different kind of
alcohols in alkaline fuel cell and determined the characteristics at different parameter.
COMPARING ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF DOMESTIC SOLAR WATER HEATER INSTALLATION IN...AEIJjournal2
Adequate and consistent energy supply is often regarded as a major factor in the development of any
country. To add to this, the depletion of fossil fuels has also emphasised the need for alternate renewable
energy solutions to meet global energy needs without inflicting any serious environmental impacts. Solar
energy is globally acknowledged for its vast potential, as a source of providing most of the heating, cooling
and electricity needs of the world. One of the most effective uses of solar energy is water heating. The use
of solar energy to heat water has been proven to be a very economical, efficient and environmental friendly
option for domestic as well as commercial applications. This study compares the feasibility of domestic
solar water heater installation in three major cities of Pakistan i.e. Lahore, Karachi and Peshawar. The
results show the solar water heater installation is most feasible in Peshawar, among the three selected
cities.
FREE CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER OF NANOFLUIDS FROM A HORIZONTAL PLATE EMBEDDED ...AEIJjournal2
In this paper the natural convection heat transfer from a horizontal plate embedded in a porous medium
saturated with a nanofluid is numerically analyzed. By a similarity approach the partial differential
equations are reduced to a set of two ordinary differential equations. In order to evaluate the influence of
nanoparticles on the heat transfer, Ag and Cuo as the nanoparticles were selected. Results show that heat
transfer rate (Nur) is a decreasing function of volume fraction of nanoparticles.
GDQ SIMULATION FOR FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER OF A NANOFLUID OVER A NONLINEARLY S...AEIJjournal2
This paper presents the generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) simulation for analysis of a nanofluid
over a nonlinearly stretching sheet. The obtained governing equations of flow and heat transfer are
discretized by GDQ method and then are solved by Newton-Raphson method. The effects of stretching
parameter, Brownian motion number (Nb), Thermophoresis number (Nt) and Lewis number (Le), on the
concentration distribution and temperature distribution are evaluated. The obtained results exhibit that
ASSESSING PERCEPTUAL VIDEO QUALITY IN WIMAX NETWORKS AEIJjournal2
This paper presents an approach for assessing the perceptual quality of wireless video networking
applications transmitted via WiMAX, the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access air interface
standard. The Video Quality Model developed by Information Administration’s Video Quality Expert
Group is used to benchmark perceptual video quality.
Layer-Type Power Transformer Thermal Analysis Considering Effective Parameter...AEIJjournal2
Since large power transformers belong to the most valuable assets in electrical power networks it is
suitable to pay higher attention to these operating resources. Thermal impact leads not only to long-term
oil/paper-insulation degradation; it is also a limiting factor for the transformer operation. Therefore, the
knowledge of the temperature, especially the hottest spot (HST) temperature, is of high interest. This paper
presents steady state temperature distribution of a power transformer layer-type winding using conjugated
heat transfer analysis, therefore energy and Navier-Stokes equations are solved using finite difference
method. Meanwhile, the effects of load conditions and type of oil on HST are investigated using the model.
Oil in the transformer is assumed nearly incompressible and oil parameters such as thermal conductivity,
special heat, viscosity, and density vary with temperature. Comparing the results with those obtained from
finite integral transform checks the validity and accuracy of the proposed method
STUDY OF THE EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT OF A DYESENSITIZED SOLAR CELLSAEIJjournal2
The dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) have gained the last decades an important place among photovoltaic
technologies due to their low-cost of implementation and their performance, which becomes more efficient.
The experimental data for this type of cells are enriched and accumulated quickly, given the enthusiasm for
this new technology. The present work treats the equivalent circuit of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) for
a model in an exponential, and by using the results of some works, we shall make a simulation by the
software Scilab to obtain the characteristics (I-V), then we will study the influence of every parameter on
the curve.
TRANSIENT STABILITY IMPROVEMENT OF POWER SYSTEMS BY OPTIMAL SIZING AND ALLOCA...AEIJjournal2
Employing Resistive Superconducting Fault Current Limiters (RSFCL) is one of the practical and effective
methods to improve the transient stability of a power system by limiting the fault current. Regarding
technical and economical constraints, optimal sizing and allocation of RSFCLs in a power system is of
significant importance. It is the purpose of this paper to propose an algorithm based on the Particle Swarm
Optimization (PSO) in order to improve the transient stability of a power system by optimal sizing and
allocation of RSFCLs. The proposed algorithm is next applied to the New England 39-bus test system as a
case study and the results are simulated in Matlab. Simulation results reveal that in the case of employing
RSFCLs with sizes and locations resulted from the optimization algorithm, the transient stability of the
power system under study is improved. Furthermore, it seems that the optimal locations of RSFCLs are to
some extent near the fault location.
Dynamics in the History and Economic Development of Man: Refocusing on Ecolog...AEIJjournal2
Man’s history and development endeavours have beenadvancing alongside a trail of ecological
ramifications and climate change. Since prehistoric times, scientists have not recorded an accelerated shift
in the ecologyof the planet during any other epoch beside that of modern man. The paper seeks to explore
how man’s history and developmentaffects ecologyand climate. It uses desk analysis to recollect data from
global assessment reportsand runs a One paired Sample Means t-Test, 1 tailed, 8 df, at Pearson
Correlation value 0.458 and 0.5 alpha level. Findings show that, there is globalclimate change, seen in
global warming trends; andimbalance in ecological footprint, seen in depletion of air, water and land
sinks. The t-Test reveals significant net loss of global forest cover.The study also,apparently found that,
processes ofdevelopment generally tend to damage ecology. Therefore,the study recommends a refocus to
sustainable means of development.
SIMULATION OF THE SOLAR CELLS WITH PC1D, APPLICATION TO CELLS BASED ON SILICONAEIJjournal2
A way of exploiting the solar energy is to use cells photovoltaic which convert the energy conveyed by the
incidental radiation in a continuous electric current. This conversation is based on the photovoltaic effect
engendered by the absorption of photons. A part of the absorbed photons generates pairs electron-hole in
which an electric field created in the zone of load of space of a junction p–n.
Thus, the junction p-n, its characteristics, its components and its dimensions are the parameters
responsible of the efficiency and the performances of a solar cell. To study this, we are going to use a very
known software in the mode of the simulation of solar cells, the PC1D, and we are going, at the end, to
draw a conclusion around the ideal parameters that a good solar cell has to have.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF WIND TURBINE EMULATOR TO OPERATE WITH 1.5KW INDUCTI...AEIJjournal2
This paper contributes to design a Wind Emulator coupled to 1.5 kW Induction generator for Wind Energy
Conversion System. A wind turbine emulator (WTE) is important equipment for developing wind energy
conversion systems. It offers a controllable test environment that allows the evaluation and improvement of
control schemes for electric generators that is hard to achieve with an actual wind turbine since the wind
speed varies randomly. In this paper a wind emulator is modelled and simulated using MATLAB.
Verification of the simulation results is done by experimental setup using DC motor-Induction generator
set, LABVIEW and data acquisition card.
EVALUATING MATHEMATICAL HEAT TRANSFER EFFECTIVENESS EQUATIONS USING CFD TECHN...AEIJjournal2
Mathematical heat transfer equations for finned double pipe heat exchangers based on experimental work
carried out in the 1970s can be programmed in a spreadsheet for repetitive use. Thus avoiding CFD
analysis which can be time consuming and costly. However, it is important that such mathematical
equations be evaluated for their accuracy. This paper uses CFD methods in evaluating the accuracy of
mathematical equations. Several models were created with varying; geometry, flue gas entry temperature,
and flow rates. The analysis should provide designers and manufacturers a judgment on the expected level
of accuracy when using mathematical modelling methodology. This paper simultaneously identifies best
practices in carrying out such CFD analysis.
Co integration Relationship Between Economic Growth, Export and Electricity C...AEIJjournal2
Energy dependent small developing island states are besieged to sustain potential rate of growth. This is
due to increase in energy prices and lack of evidence based policy on long term sustainable energy use.
This paper examines the long run relationship between economic growth, export and electricity
consumption in Fiji over the period 1981-2011. Employing Granger causality test it is found that there is
cointegrating relationship between economic growth, export and electricity consumption. The casual
relationship between the variables was investigated within the error correction model framework. We
found that in the long run causality runs from electricity consumption and export to economic growth.
Based on this empirical analysis some important policy implications are suggested.
Effect of Zn Concentration On Structural and Optical Proprieties Of ZNO Thin ...AEIJjournal2
ZnO thin film were deposited by spray pyrolysis on glass substrates, using zinc nitrate as precursor with
different molar concentrations varying from 0.05M to 0.2 M. To study the structural proprieties of the film ,
the different technique was used as the X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman
scattering , and FTIR . The optical properties were explored by transmission, reflectivity and
Photoluminescence techniques. The ZnO thin films obtained in this paper are polycrystallines, the grain
size increases when the molar concentration of Zn precursor was increasing. The films are transparent in
visible region, this transmission values decreases when the molar concentration increase caused by the
increasing of surface roughness
Split Second Analysis Covering High Pressure Gas Flow Dynamics At Pipe Outlet...AEIJjournal2
A detailed investigation covering piped gas flow characteristics in high pressure flow conditions. Such flow
analysis can be resolved using established mathematical equations known as the Fanno condition, which
usually cover steady state, or final flow conditions. However, in real life, such flow conditions are
transient, varying with time. This paper uses CFD analysis providing a split second “snapshot” at what
happens at the pipe outlet, and therefore, a closer understanding at what happens at the pipe’s outlet in
high pressure gas flow condition.
In this example air was selected for simulation purposes. In HVAC applications, such gas flow conditions
can occur in typical applications such as; air compressors releasing high pressure air through a pipe, or
compressor over pressure refrigerant gas being released into the atmosphere via a discharge pipe.
Investigation has shown that rather than a steady mass flow rate condition occurring at the pipe outlet,
calculated by the Fanno flow condition, a spiked increase in flow rate occurs at the beginning,and then
stabilizing after a few seconds, with relatively minor ripples in flow rate. Other observations were also
made and commented.
CFD results in mass flow rate were compared with the mathematically derived results, differences were
recorded. The CFD analysis showed how the k-omega turbulence model performed well, with the processor
stabilizing at an early stage.
The Force Convection Heat Transfer of A Nanofluid Over A Flat Plate: Using Th...AEIJjournal2
Advanced Energy: An International Journal (AEIJ) is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the Energy Engineering and allied fields. This multi disciplinary journal is devoted to the publication of high quality papers on theoretical and practical aspects of Energy Engineering.
A MODIFIED ANT COLONY ALGORITHM FOR SOLVING THE UNIT COMMITMENT PROBLEMAEIJjournal2
Solving the unit commitment (UC) problem is one of the most complicated issues in power systems that its
exact solving can be calculated by perfect counting of entire possible compounds of generative units. UC is
equated as a nonlinear optimization with huge size. Purpose of solving this problem is to programming the
optimization of the generative units to minimize the full action cost regarding problem constraints. In this
article, a modified version of ant colony optimization (MACO) is introduced for solving the UC problem in
a power system. ACO algorithm is a powerful optimization method which has the capability of fleeing from
local minimums by performing flexible memory system. The efficiency of proposed method in two power
system containing 4 and 10 generative units is indicated. Comparison of obtained results from the proposed
method with results of the past well-known methods is a proof for suitability of performing the introduced
algorithm in economic input and output of generative units.
Impedance Spectroscopy Analysis of a Liquid Tin Anode Fuel Cell in Voltage Re...AEIJjournal2
A concept of a liquid tin anode-indirect carbon air fuel cell (LTA-ICFC) are described. Experimental
setups for analysis of LTA-ICFC polarisations of an operational electrochemical reactor of the LTA-ICFC
are presented. Results from Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Analysis of the electrochemical
reactor of the LTA-ICFC are shown and analysed.The rate-determining step of the system is concluded.
The charge-transfer resistance did not show considerable differences at 700-800 °C. This can be implied
that the charge-transfer resistance is not the rate-limiting step of the transport processes of the fuel cell.
The increase of the Warburg impedance concurrently with the resistance to fit mass-transport loss (R3)
suggests that the rate-limiting step for the LTA-ICFC in voltage recovery mode is the diffusion of the oxide
ions through SnO2 layer. The increment of mass transport lost, R3, of the cell causes the slowly increase of
the cell’s voltage over the voltage from 0.7-0.8 V at 700, 750, and 800 °C.
Levelwise PageRank with Loop-Based Dead End Handling Strategy : SHORT REPORT ...Subhajit Sahu
Abstract — Levelwise PageRank is an alternative method of PageRank computation which decomposes the input graph into a directed acyclic block-graph of strongly connected components, and processes them in topological order, one level at a time. This enables calculation for ranks in a distributed fashion without per-iteration communication, unlike the standard method where all vertices are processed in each iteration. It however comes with a precondition of the absence of dead ends in the input graph. Here, the native non-distributed performance of Levelwise PageRank was compared against Monolithic PageRank on a CPU as well as a GPU. To ensure a fair comparison, Monolithic PageRank was also performed on a graph where vertices were split by components. Results indicate that Levelwise PageRank is about as fast as Monolithic PageRank on the CPU, but quite a bit slower on the GPU. Slowdown on the GPU is likely caused by a large submission of small workloads, and expected to be non-issue when the computation is performed on massive graphs.
Chatty Kathy - UNC Bootcamp Final Project Presentation - Final Version - 5.23...John Andrews
SlideShare Description for "Chatty Kathy - UNC Bootcamp Final Project Presentation"
Title: Chatty Kathy: Enhancing Physical Activity Among Older Adults
Description:
Discover how Chatty Kathy, an innovative project developed at the UNC Bootcamp, aims to tackle the challenge of low physical activity among older adults. Our AI-driven solution uses peer interaction to boost and sustain exercise levels, significantly improving health outcomes. This presentation covers our problem statement, the rationale behind Chatty Kathy, synthetic data and persona creation, model performance metrics, a visual demonstration of the project, and potential future developments. Join us for an insightful Q&A session to explore the potential of this groundbreaking project.
Project Team: Jay Requarth, Jana Avery, John Andrews, Dr. Dick Davis II, Nee Buntoum, Nam Yeongjin & Mat Nicholas
1. International Journal in Foundations of Computer Science & Technology (IJFCST) Vol.6, No.2, March 2016
DOI:10.5121/ijfcst.2016.6203 37
A REVIEW ON RDB TO RDF MAPPING FOR
SEMANTIC WEB
V.Sitharamulu1
and Dr. B. Raveendra Babu2
1
Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engg, SBIT Khammam
2
Professor and HOD Department of Computer Science & Engg, Dean-Administration &
Finance at VNR VJIET, Hyderabad
ABSTRACT
In Databases one of the active research fields is mapping relational databases (RDB) into Resource
Description Framework (RDF). An enormous data is kept in the form of relational databases and accessing
of data is done in the semantic web. The data stored in RDB is to be efficiently mapped to the semantic web
or RDF for data availability to the users. There is a definite need for improvement in technologies for
efficient mapping languages from RDB to RDF in semantic web. This paper presents an up-to-date survey
of different RDB to RDF mapping languages proposed in recent times. It outlines the main features or
characteristics to be considered for efficient mapping in different scenarios. The main objective of this
content, pictures identification of limitations existing in the mapping languages. It also enhances the
comparisons between each language and helps researchers to propose further better proposals in their
future scope of work to improve better mapping techniques.
KEYWORDS
Data bases, relational databases (RDB), Semantic Web, RDB to RDF Mapping, Mapping Characteristic
Comparison.
1. INTRODUCTION
In Relational Databases, one of the active research field is mapping of databases. In [1], authors
have stressed on the need to fill the gap between RDF and relational model for accessing of data
on semantic web. The real time applicability of semantic web is extended to areas far than web.
The applications of semantic web in data exchange and integration from different data sources is
elaborated in [2-6].
Different researchers provided improved platforms for allowing semantic web based applications
for accessing data from relational databases. The proposed approaches have implemented a wide
range of techniques form simple to highly specific and logical ways to deal with mapping
language. This ongoing research had standardized protocols for efficient implementations of
W3C for RDB2RDF Working Group (WG). The main highlight [7] of RDB2RDF WG for
standardization is to have efficient mapping of relational database schemas and relational data
into RDF and OWL.
The organization of this paper is given as: in Section 2, the recent advances of mapping languages
are presented. In Section 3, study and comparison of mapping languages is presented and In
Section 4comparison framework is shown with different approaches. Finally, in Section 5, we
make our concluding and future remarks.
2. International Journal in Foundations of Computer Science & Technology (IJFCST) Vol.6, No.2, March 2016
38
2. RECENT ADVANCES IN RDB-RDF MAPPING LANGUAGES
The idea behind this survey is to outline the main mapping languages for RDB to RDF. The
literature presented should be helpful to the research community for further exploration with
different application scenario for RDB to RDF language mapping. This survey reports different
comparison scenarios for RDB to RDF language mapping framework. The survey also classifies
the mapping languages into different groups such as: direct, read-only general purpose, read-write
general purpose and special purpose mapping.
In [8], W3C RDB2RDF Incubator Group has provided a detail survey on mapping RDB to RDF
for different techniques, software tools and applications. In [9], the author has defined a
mechanism that bridges between relational databases and OWL technologies using SQL.
In the section below, different techniques for mapping languages are descried with comparison on
a feature by feature basis.
2.1 Mapping Languages
The mapping languages can be divided as given below:
• Direct mapping
• General-purpose Read-only mapping
• General purpose Read-write mapping and
• Special - purpose mapping.
Direct Mapping:
Direct mapping [10] is a simple technique which is used to map data directly from RDB-to-RDF.
In direct approach, link table is one of the way of relational model which uses a direct means
without help of constructor. The virtue of this approach is its simplicity in implementation. The
applicable areas for direct mapping are simplicity which has more importance than complexity in
relational scheme representation.
Read-only General-purpose Mapping:
The requirement of only reading data, can be provided using read-only general-purpose mapping
languages such as Virtuoso, D2RQ, and R2RML. Virtuoso provides feasibility in applicability of
named graphs but not feasible for static metadata implementation. D2RQ provides feasibility in
applicability of static metadata but not feasible for named graphs implementation. R2RML
supports the implementation of both named graphs and static metadata.
This mapping language provides a great architecture for better representation of data from RDB
to RDF. As the complexity of representation is increased it makes impossible for bidirectional
data transfer. A great level of practice and expertise is needed for learning and understanding of
read-only general-purpose mapping language. These groups of mapping languages are preferred
for a vast category of applications where the access is limited to read only and support of specific
standards, compliances and implementation.
Read-Write General-purpose Mapping:
Read-write general purpose mapping can provide read and write data access from RDB to RDF.
This approach of mapping provides bidirectional data transfer from RDB to RDF. The differences
of read-only general purpose mapping language from read-write general-purpose mapping is
mapping of logical tables and are not allowed for view updating problems [11]. The supporting
3. International Journal in Foundations of Computer Science & Technology (IJFCST) Vol.6, No.2, March 2016
39
features of read-write general-purpose mapping over read-only general purpose mapping
language is the integrity constraints such as not null attributes, detecting missing data and invalid
write request. In [12-14] authors have discussed an open problem of view updates in database
research.
Special-purpose Mapping:
Special-purpose mapping languages are developed for specific features support. The mapping
languages such as eD2R, R2O, and Triplify [15] are the mapping languages which are of special
purpose. The difference of special-purpose mapping languages with general purpose languages
are in few features only, in most of the ways they are similar to the general purpose mapping
languages. The supportability of features such as named graphs, blank nodes and metadata is not
supported completely. In rare cases, the implementation of blank nodes is available in eD2R and
R2O. In cases where general purpose mapping languages are not applicable, these special purpose
mapping languages are of great use.
3. STUDY AND COMPARISON OF MAPPING LANGUAGES
The comparison of different mapping languages are presented in the sub section below, which
helps in choosing a specific RDBs mapping technique for general applicability:
3.1 Direct Mapping
In direct mapping, RDBs data is presented in a simple form for semantic web representation [10].
One of the core objectives of the direct mapping allows us to elaborate the RDB on semantic web
relational table to classes and attributes to properties in RDF vocabulary. In [11], author has
proposed a direct automatic mapping language. An improved heuristic is also extended for simple
table-to-class and attribute-to-property mapping using RDB schema. In [10], author has proposed
a Squirrel RDF [12] for direct mapping. The RDB schema names are used for generating the RDF
vocabulary and RDF based tool performs the mapping of domain ontology. The mapping
language discussed above uses the basic technology of direct mapping for RDB-to-RDF.
eD2R: eD2R[12], permits the tables in the RDBs to publish in semantic web, which allows users
to access the relation data via de-reference able URIs using SPARQL queries. Another objective
of eD2Rs is to present RDB data in the form of interlinked datasets shown as RDF.
R2O: In [13], authors have proposed R2O which is used for efficient mapping of RDB schemes
with ontologism. It is also used for representation of different complex mappings in an efficient
way using generic structure.
Relational.OWL: Relational.OWL [15] was proposed for schema components and relational data
using OWL-based representation format. Relatioal.OWL uses ontology to implement schema of
data in RDF and it also uses tables to map complete details regarding the primary/foreign keys
and data types in the expression of ontology. The exchange of data in one to one databases is one
of the best applicable fields for the Relatioal.OWL. The reuse of the existing domain vocabulary
is restricted and the structures, syntax of different relational schema of the RDF representations
are shown. The on demand transactions of SPARQL queries for SQL are provided by
Relational.OWL using SPARQL interface.
Virtuoso RDF Views: The Virtuoso Universal server represents relational data on the semantic
web using open link software features for RDF views [16-17]. By applying a declarative meta
schema language, the mapping of SQL data to RDF vocabularies can be done.
4. International Journal in Foundations of Computer Science & Technology (IJFCST) Vol.6, No.2, March 2016
40
R2RML: The ongoing mapping language for standardization of theW3C RDB2RDFWG for
RDB-to-RDF mappings is R2RML [16]. The key objective is to allow read-only data access using
a language that is vendor independent.
R3M: In ONTOACCESS [17], authors have implemented R3M [18] as the platform for
extending mapping language. R3M is a mapping language with the feature of bidirectional data
transfer from RDB to RDF. R3M can be applied for mapping tables to classes and attributes to
properties with a unique data for integrity constraints.
3.2 Bi-Directional Relational-to-RDF Translation
The recent proposals shown in the above section are all capable of transferring data in only one
direction with the features of read-only view of relational databases. Here are some of the
bidirectional proposals for transfer of data from RDB to RDF and vice versa. In [17], authors
have proposed a mapping language known as R3M which is an extension of D2RQ with the
support of SPARQL/Update language for data manipulation on ONTOACCESS. D2RQ++ [18],
also allows the bidirectional transfer of data from RDB to RDF using D2RQ's mapping
language.D2RQ++ also eliminated the problem with mismatch of data and it works efficiently for
open world assumptions of semantic web.
3.3 Other Research Projects
The need for efficient platform for RDB to RDF is projected by initiating the RDB2RDF
Incubator Group (XG) [19] for efficient mapping of data from RDB to RDF on semantic web. In
2009, R2RML [20] has given a good study on the RDB2RDF WG3 which was taken for further
extension by many researchers. The need for updating relational data is still in investigation. In
[21], the implementation of write operation for support of R2RML is shown as in feasible. Other
pushback services for web applications are used in Web 2.0 APIs.
4. COMPARISON FRAMEWORK
This section shows the framework of different approaches with respect to efficient
implementation of different features. In total 15 different characteristics as shown below are
studied on RDB to RDF mapping languages:
Data types (C1): The type of data used for mapping from SQL to XML used in RDF.
Logical Table to Class (C2): Mapping of logical table to a class in RDF.
Integrity Constraints (C3): Integrity constraints differentiate between a primary and foreign key
with not null, unique and check constraints.
Transformation Functions (C4): transformation functions are used for conversion of values from
RDB to RDF.
User-defined Instance URIs (C5): The User-defined instances are generated in the mapping or
conversion of the data from RDB to RDF.
Literal to URI (C6): The URI generated to be stored in specific literals known as URI literal.
Vocabulary Reuse (C7): Existing RDF vocabulary used.
Named Graphs (C8): The mapping of the specific parts of RDB to RDF can be done using Named
Graphs.
Blank Nodes (C9): The nodes are used to store unprocessed information.
5. International Journal in Foundations of Computer Science & Technology (IJFCST) Vol.6, No.2, March 2016
41
Static Metadata (C10): The meta-data is used to describe RDF components which don’t have the
equivalent in RDB.
One Table to n Classes (C11): The table in RDF can be mapped numerous times with subset of
attributes and records to numerous classes.
Project Attributes (C12): The attribute used to map different irrelevant and sensitive attributes
such as passwords.
Select Conditions (C13): The select conditions use certain constraints to validate the outdated
data to exclude from the RDF.
M:N Relationships (C14): M:N relationships are used for linking or join tables for mapping to
RDF.
Write Support (C15): The facility for write support should exist for an efficient RDB to RDF
mapping.
The set of 10 mapping languages are compared on the above given fifteen characteristics:
Direct Mapping: In Direct Mapping out of 15 only one characteristic i.e., Write Support (C15) is
efficient and Logical Table to Class (C2) is partially supported. The remaining 13 characteristics
are not supported by the direct mapping technique.
eD2R: In eD2R mapping out of 15 only 11 characteristics namely Data types (C1), Logical Table
to Class (C2), Transformation Functions (C4), User-defined Instance URIs (C5), Literal to URI
(C6), Vocabulary Reuse (C7), Blank Nodes (C9), Project Attributes(C12), Select
Conditions(C13), M:N Relationships(C14), Write Support (C15) are efficient and integrity
constraints(C3) is partially supported and 3 characteristics i.e. Named Graphs (C8), Static
Metadata (C10) and Write Support (C15) are not supported by the eD2R mapping technique.
R2O: In R2O mapping out of 15 only 9 characteristic Data types (C1), Logical Table to Class
(C2), Transformation Functions (C4), User-defined Instance URIs (C5), Literal to URI (C6),
Vocabulary Reuse (C7), Named Graphs (C8), Blank Nodes (C9), One Table to n Classes (C11),
Project Attributes(C12) and Select Conditions(C13)i.e are efficient and 2 characteristic Integrity
Constraints (C3) and One Table to n Classes (C11) are partially supported and 3characteristic
Static Metadata (C10),, M:N Relationships(C14) and Write Support (C15) are not supported by
the R2O mapping technique.
Relational.OWL: In Relational.OWL mapping out of 15 only 4 characteristic i.e. Data types
(C1), Blank Nodes (C9), Project Attributes(C12) and Write Support (C15) are efficient and 2
characteristic Logical Table to Class (C2) and Integrity Constraints (C3) are partially supported
and 9characteristic Transformation Functions (C4), User-defined Instance URIs (C5), Literal to
URI (C6), Vocabulary Reuse (C7), Named Graphs (C8),Static Metadata (C10), One Table to n
Classes (C11), Select Conditions(C13) and M:N Relationships(C14) are not supported by the
Relational.OWL mapping technique.
Virtuoso RDF Views: In Virtuoso RDF Views mapping out of 15 only 12 characteristic i.e. Data
types (C1), Logical Table to Class (C2), Transformation Functions (C4), User-defined Instance
URIs (C5), Literal to URI(C6), Vocabulary Reuse (C7), Named Graphs (C8), Blank Nodes (C9),
One Table to n Classes (C11), Project Attributes(C12), Select Conditions(C13) and M:N
Relationships(C14) are efficient and 1 characteristic Integrity Constraints (C3)is partially
supported and 2characteristic Static Metadata (C10) and Write Support (C15) are not supported
by the Virtuoso RDF Views mapping technique.
6. International Journal in Foundations of Computer Science & Technology (IJFCST) Vol.6, No.2, March 2016
42
D2RQ: In D2RQ mapping out of 15 only 12 characteristic i.e., Data types (C1), Logical Table to
Class (C2), Transformation Functions (C4), User-defined Instance URIs (C5), Literal to URI
(C6), Vocabulary Reuse (C7), Blank Nodes (C9), Static Metadata (C10), One Table to n Classes
(C11), Project Attributes(C12), Select Conditions(C13) and M:NRelationships(C14) are efficient
and 1 characteristic Integrity Constraints (C3)is partially supported and 2characteristic Named
Graphs (C8) and Write Support (C15) are not supported by the D2RQ mapping technique.
Triplify: In Triplify mapping out of 15 only 10 characteristic i.e. Data types (C1), Logical Table
to Class (C2), Transformation Functions (C4), User-defined Instance URIs (C5), Literal to URI
(C6), Vocabulary Reuse (C7), One Table to n Classes (C11), Project Attributes(C12), Select
Conditions(C13), M:N Relationships(C14) are efficient and 1 characteristic , Integrity
Constraints (C3)is partially supported and 4characteristic Named Graphs (C8), Blank Nodes (C9),
Static Metadata (C10) and Write Support (C15)are not supported by the Triplify mapping
technique.
R2RML: In R2RML mapping out of 15 only 13 characteristic i.e. Data types (C1), Logical
Table to Class (C2), Transformation Functions (C4), User-defined Instance URIs (C5), Literal to
URI (C6), Vocabulary Reuse (C7), Named Graphs (C8), Blank Nodes (C9), Static Metadata
(C10), One Table to n Classes (C11), Project Attributes(C12), Select Conditions(C13), M:N
Relationships(C14) are efficient and 1 characteristic Integrity Constraints (C3)is partially
supported and 1characteristic Write Support (C15)is not supported by the R2RML mapping
technique.
R2D: In R2D mapping out of 15 only 12 characteristic i.e. Data types (C1), Logical Table to
Class (C2), Integrity Constraints (C3), Transformation Functions (C4), User-defined Instance
URIs (C5), Literal to URI (C6), Vocabulary Reuse (C7), Blank Nodes (C9), One Table to n
Classes (C11), Project Attributes(C12), Select Conditions(C13), M:N Relationships(C14) are
efficient and 1 characteristic Write Support (C15)is partially supported and 2characteristic
Named Graphs (C8) and Static Metadata (C10) are not supported by the R2D mapping
technique.
ONTOACCESS (R2M3): In R2M3 mapping out of 15 only 9 characteristic i.e. Data types (C1),
Integrity Constraints (C3), Transformation Functions (C4), User-defined Instance URIs (C5),
Literal to URI (C6), Vocabulary Reuse (C7), One Table to n Classes (C11), Project
Attributes(C12) and M:N Relationships(C14) are efficient and 3 characteristic Logical Table to
Class (C2), Select Conditions(C13) and Write Support (C15) are partially supported and
3characteristic Named Graphs (C8), Blank Nodes (C9) and Static Metadata (C10) are not
supported by the R2M3 mapping technique.
5. CONCLUSIONS
This paper presents a detailed review, comparisons and characteristics of various mapping
languages for RDB to RDF. The categorization of different mapping languages is shown with the
support of recent proposals in that domain. The advantages and limitations of the mapping
languages used for RDB to RDF are briefly outlined for the use of research community in this
field. The complete set of features or characteristics used for describing and proposing new
mapping languages are presented. The set of limitations in existing mapping languages for RDB
to RDF in semantic web can lead for efficient proposals in future work for researchers.
7. International Journal in Foundations of Computer Science & Technology (IJFCST) Vol.6, No.2, March 2016
43
REFERENCES
[1]. K. C.-C. Chang, B. He, C. Li, M. Patel, and Z. Zhang. (2004), Structured Databases on the Web:
Observations and Implications. SIGMOD Record.
[2]. A. Langegger, W. WÖss, and M. BlÖchl. (2008), A Semantic Web Middleware for Virtual Data
Integration on the Web. In Proceedings of the 5th European Semantic Web Conference.
[3]. L. Ma, X. Sun, F. Cao, C. Wang, and X. Wang. (2009), Semantic Enhancement for Enterprise Data
Management. In Proceedings of the 8th International Semantic Web Conference.
[4]. F. Manola and E. Miller. (February 2004) RDF Primer. W3C Recommendation.
http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-primer-20040210/.
[5]. C. Ogbuji. (May 2011) SPARQL 1.1 Graph Store HTTP Protocol. http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/ WD-
sparql11-http-rdf-update-20110512/.
[6]. C. Patel, S. Khan, and K. Gomadam. (2009). TrialX: Using Semantic Technologies to Match Patients
to Relevant Clinical Trials Based on Their Personal Health Records. In Proceedings of the 8th
InternationalSemantic Web Conference.
[7]. H. Halpin and I. Herman. RDB2RDF Working Group Charter. http://www.w3.org/2009/08/rdb2rdf-
charter. Last visited July 2011.
[8]. S. S. Sahoo, W. Halb, S. Hellmann, K. Idehen, T. T. Jr, S. Auer, J. Sequeda, and A. Ezzat. (2009) A
Survey ofCurrent Approaches for Mapping of Relational Databases to
RDF.http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/rdb2rdf/RDB2RDF_SurveyReport.pdf,.Last visited July
2011.
[9]. GuntarsBumans” (2010. Vol. 756, P:99–117). Mapping between Relational Databases and OWL
Ontologies: an Example”, Computer Science and Information Technologies, Scientific Papers,
University of Latvia ,.
[10]. T. Berners-Lee. (2009) Relational Databases on the Semantic
Web.http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/RDB-RDF.html,. Last visited July 2011.
[11]. F. Bancilhon and N. Spyratos. (1981) Update Semantics of Relational Views. In ACM Transactions
on DatabaseSystems,.
[12]. W. Hu and Y. Qu. (2007), Discovering Simple Mappings Between Relational Database Schemas and
Ontologies.In Proceedings of the 6th International and 2nd Asian Semantic Web Conference,.
[13]. J. Barrasa, O. Corcho, and A. G´omez-P´erez.( 2003), Fund Finder: A Case Study of Database-to-
OntologyMapping. In Proceedings of the Semantic Integration Workshop,.
[14]. SquirrelRDF. http://jena.sourceforge.net/SquirrelRDF/.Last visited July 2011.
[15]. J. Barrasa, O. Corcho, and A. G´omez-P´erez. (2004). R2O, an Extensible and Semantically Based
Database-to-Ontology Mapping Language. In Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Semantic Weband
Databases.
[16]. C. Bizer. (2003). D2R MAP – A Database to RDF Mapping Language. In Proceedings of the 12th
InternationalWorld Wide Web Conference.
[17]. D. Beckett and J. Grant. SWAD-Europe Deliverable 10.2: Mapping Semantic Web Data with
RDBMSes.http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/Europe/reports/scalable_rdbms_mapping_report/, January
2003. Last visited July 2011.
[18]. S. Auer, S. Dietzold, J. Lehmann, S. Hellmann, and D. Aumueller (2009). Triplify – Light-Weight
Linked Data Publication from Relational Databases. In Proceedingsof the 18th International World
Wide WebConference,.
[19]. C. P. de Laborda and S. Conrad (2005). Relational.OWL – A Data and Schema Representation
Format Based on OWL. In Proceedings of the 2nd Asia-Pacific Conference on Conceptual Modelling.
[20]. Erling and I. Mikhailov. RDF Support in the Virtuoso DBMS. In Proceedings of the
SABREConference on Social Semantic Web, 2007.
[21]. O. Software. Mapping Relational Data to RDF with Virtuoso’s RDF Views.
http://virtuoso.openlinksw.com/whitepapers/relational%20rdf%20views%20mapping.html. Last
visited July 2011
8. International Journal in Foundations of Computer Science & Technology (IJFCST) Vol.6, No.2, March 2016
44
AUTHORS
1. V. Sitharamulu has obtained his Master of Technology in Computer Science and
Engineering from Rajasthan Vidyapeeth University, Udaipur. He is currently working
as an Associate Professor in the Department of computer Science & Engineering,
Swarna Bharathi Institute of Science & Technology, Khammam, Telangana. He has
over 15 years of teaching experience. His area of research interest is Data Mining and
Semantic Web.
2. Dr. B. Raveendra Babu has obtained his Masters in Computer Science and
Engineering from Anna University, Chennai. He received his Ph.D. in Applied
Mathematics at S.V University, Tirupathi. He is now working as Professor and HOD
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dean-Administration & Finance
at VNR VJIET, Hyderabad. He has over 30 years of teaching experience. He has
about 60 International and National publications to his credit. His area of research
interest includes Data Mining, Software Engineering, Image Processing, Pattern
Analysis and Information Security.