The document summarizes presentations from an earthquake day exhibition at Khwopa Engineering College in Bhaktapur, Nepal. It discusses the renovation challenges of historic monuments like Ranipokhari lake and Nyatapola temple using traditional vs modern materials. It also covers earthquake safety techniques like the earthquake safety table and tuned mass damper building design. Proper use of liquefaction hazard maps is emphasized to avoid human settlements in risky zones. The document concludes by thanking the presenters.

1. A REPORT ON 20TH
EARTHQUAKE DAY
EXHIBITION.
PURBANCHAL UNIVERSITY
KHWOPA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
An Undertaking of Bhaktapur Municipality
Libali-2 , Bhaktapur

2. .RaniPokhari.
Built in 1727 BS by Pratap Malla, opens twice in a
year.
Made up of timber, brick, mud & raw materials available
at that time.
RCC controversy: use of rcc in renovation will throw it out
of UNESCO site, against Ancient Monument Act but govt &
Kathmandu metropolitian city forcing to modernize and earn
Incorporated revenue.
Majority public, dept of archaeology,activists favour renovation
in traditional way restoring archaeological & historic value.

3. Ranipokhari
Damaged past earthquake 2015 due to improper use of
RCC and mismatch during previous renovations.
Challenges: Timber as 12 ft tall scarce timber needed
traditional materials, skills and old techniques,
maintaining original shape & size as per DOA.
Risk of damage in future earthquake if construction in
Traditional method is done but renovations on time will
make structures earthquake resistant.

4. Nyatapola Mandir ( Pagoda style five storey
Mandir ) – Taumadhi Square, Bhaktapur.
Built by Late King Bhupatindra Malla from 1702 to 1703
in less than 5 months.
30 m high, wider base, symmetrically balanced structure.
Made up of timber, stone, brick & raw materials of that
time.
Survived from 1934 Nepal-Bihar earthquake, 2015
Earthquake.
Larger roofs at bottom & slightly smaller roofs as height increases.
Every storey oscillate in opposite direction & keep c.g almost
constant during earthquake.

5. .Liquefaction
Water saturated sediments temporarily loses strength
& acts as heavy viscous fluid in response to strong ground
Shaking during earthquake.
Around 200 Hospitals in liquefaction zones in valley &
May suffer from severe damage in future earthquake.
Past earthquake April 2015, significant liquefaction in
Liquefiable soils in valley.
Liquefaction hazard map by Department of Mines &
Geology, UNDP/MOHPP Survey 1993 should be followed &
Human settlement, infrastructures should be avoided in
these Zones.

6. .Earthquake Safety Table .
Based on triangle life of earthquake.
Safe, Durable, high impact resistance, low cost & long
Term.
Consist of fuse, columns to bear the load.
60% load energy loss in fuse & 40% in column.
Necessary things like first aid kit,packaged foods,vital
documents, medications etc. can be stored.

7. .Tuned Mass Damper
Huge concrete blocks mounted in upper floors of
the building.
During earthquake if building oscillate excessively
It may fall structurally.
 To counteract this movement tuned mass damper is
used.
Move in opposition to the resonance frequency
Oscillations of the structure.
Use of concept of simple pendulum.

8. Presented By:Thank you
 Niran Gorkhali
 Nitesh Wagle
 Pawan Dhumre
 Prabin Karna
 Pranish Suwal
 Prashant Acharya
 Prinesh Maharjan
 Purushottam Chaulagain