The document provides an overview of a policy guide for a sustainable New Orleans. It analyzes weaknesses in wetland management and transportation/transit, strengths in renewable energy policy and a sustainability plan. Recommendations include short-term policies to improve resilience and long-term policies to adapt to and mitigate climate change such as expanding renewable energy, restoring wetlands, and promoting smart growth. The analysis and recommendations aim to advise future policy decisions to enhance New Orleans' sustainability.
The document analyzes the workforce assets, challenges, and opportunities for coastal restoration in South Louisiana. It finds that Louisiana is poised to ramp up coastal restoration efforts with billions in funding from the RESTORE Act and other sources. However, ensuring local access to these new jobs is critical. The analysis included reviewing past coastal projects, interviewing firms, and gathering input from economic development groups and service providers across the state's coastal regions. The findings will help direct resources to support the local workforce and maximize opportunities for residents as coastal restoration ramps up.
This document discusses various slum rehabilitation schemes and policies in India. It provides an overview of different schemes implemented since the 1960s such as the Urban Community Development program, Environmental Improvement of Urban Slums program, and the Low Cost Sanitation Program. It examines the objectives, components, and challenges of these schemes. The document also reviews literature on the historical lack of systematic policies for slums and evaluates more recent approaches like Slum Networking Programs, land title distribution, and public-private partnership models that aim to upgrade slums and provide housing.
This document summarizes a research paper that examines issues related to waterfront redevelopment in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Specifically, it looks at the demolition of waterfront slums, concerns of affected residents, and challenges of implementing demolition policies. It discusses the pros and cons of considering these areas as dysfunctional versus recognizing their social and economic functions. While complete sudden clearance may worsen problems, rehabilitation may not always be feasible. The document recommends a gradual phased redevelopment process to minimize negative impacts. It provides background on Port Harcourt's population growth and past government efforts to address slums. The research involved interviews and surveys of waterfront residents to understand perspectives on living conditions and awareness of redevelopment policies.
Creating and Implementing Green Plans: Mexico City Case StudyElizabeth Baker
The document summarizes the Green Plan of Mexico City, which aims to redirect the city towards sustainability. The plan focuses on conservation of land, water, air quality, waste management and other critical areas through strategies and actions over 15 years. It outlines goals such as increasing green spaces and renewable energy, improving public transportation and encouraging non-motorized transportation, citizen participation and accountability. A citizen survey showed strong support for the plan's initiatives.
This document discusses guidelines for sustainable urbanization. It recommends that cities adopt a high-density centralized layout to minimize environmental footprint and encourage public transportation. Environmental technologies should utilize natural systems to purify water and generate energy on-site. Successful sustainable cities require collaboration among stakeholders and policymakers to address challenges through coordinated regional planning.
The document discusses Houston's efforts to increase infrastructure capacity while reducing environmental impacts related to population growth. It outlines strategies for optimizing existing water and electricity systems, including improving efficiency of drinking water and wastewater operations, utilizing solar and high-efficiency technologies, and developing commercial energy conservation codes. The city aims to sustainably meet growth needs through planning, conservation, repair and partnership with the community.
Lake Macquarie City Council has implemented several innovative environmental initiatives over the past year, including developing an Environmental Sustainability Action Plan, beginning construction on a $7 million Sustainable Resource Centre, and emerging as a leader in solar power adoption with over 5,700 households installing photovoltaic systems. The Sustainable Resource Centre and expansion of the local landfill are part of a new waste management strategy to divert over 66% of waste from landfill and extend the life of the landfill by 20 years. Education programs have also helped residents reduce, reuse, and recycle waste.
The document analyzes the workforce assets, challenges, and opportunities for coastal restoration in South Louisiana. It finds that Louisiana is poised to ramp up coastal restoration efforts with billions in funding from the RESTORE Act and other sources. However, ensuring local access to these new jobs is critical. The analysis included reviewing past coastal projects, interviewing firms, and gathering input from economic development groups and service providers across the state's coastal regions. The findings will help direct resources to support the local workforce and maximize opportunities for residents as coastal restoration ramps up.
This document discusses various slum rehabilitation schemes and policies in India. It provides an overview of different schemes implemented since the 1960s such as the Urban Community Development program, Environmental Improvement of Urban Slums program, and the Low Cost Sanitation Program. It examines the objectives, components, and challenges of these schemes. The document also reviews literature on the historical lack of systematic policies for slums and evaluates more recent approaches like Slum Networking Programs, land title distribution, and public-private partnership models that aim to upgrade slums and provide housing.
This document summarizes a research paper that examines issues related to waterfront redevelopment in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Specifically, it looks at the demolition of waterfront slums, concerns of affected residents, and challenges of implementing demolition policies. It discusses the pros and cons of considering these areas as dysfunctional versus recognizing their social and economic functions. While complete sudden clearance may worsen problems, rehabilitation may not always be feasible. The document recommends a gradual phased redevelopment process to minimize negative impacts. It provides background on Port Harcourt's population growth and past government efforts to address slums. The research involved interviews and surveys of waterfront residents to understand perspectives on living conditions and awareness of redevelopment policies.
Creating and Implementing Green Plans: Mexico City Case StudyElizabeth Baker
The document summarizes the Green Plan of Mexico City, which aims to redirect the city towards sustainability. The plan focuses on conservation of land, water, air quality, waste management and other critical areas through strategies and actions over 15 years. It outlines goals such as increasing green spaces and renewable energy, improving public transportation and encouraging non-motorized transportation, citizen participation and accountability. A citizen survey showed strong support for the plan's initiatives.
This document discusses guidelines for sustainable urbanization. It recommends that cities adopt a high-density centralized layout to minimize environmental footprint and encourage public transportation. Environmental technologies should utilize natural systems to purify water and generate energy on-site. Successful sustainable cities require collaboration among stakeholders and policymakers to address challenges through coordinated regional planning.
The document discusses Houston's efforts to increase infrastructure capacity while reducing environmental impacts related to population growth. It outlines strategies for optimizing existing water and electricity systems, including improving efficiency of drinking water and wastewater operations, utilizing solar and high-efficiency technologies, and developing commercial energy conservation codes. The city aims to sustainably meet growth needs through planning, conservation, repair and partnership with the community.
Lake Macquarie City Council has implemented several innovative environmental initiatives over the past year, including developing an Environmental Sustainability Action Plan, beginning construction on a $7 million Sustainable Resource Centre, and emerging as a leader in solar power adoption with over 5,700 households installing photovoltaic systems. The Sustainable Resource Centre and expansion of the local landfill are part of a new waste management strategy to divert over 66% of waste from landfill and extend the life of the landfill by 20 years. Education programs have also helped residents reduce, reuse, and recycle waste.
A Tale of Two CRAs: How Community Redevelopment Agencies in Florida Implement...garrjacobs
This is a discussion of the CRA system in Florida and how it can be used to fund development of Healthy Communities. Focusing on programs and development types that are traditionally outside of normally funding sources from Sewer infrastructure and alternative storm water treatment to new treads in Public housing.
This is the presentation to a webinar hosted by the AIA Housing Knowledge Community and the Open Architecture Collaborative. Originally aired on 12/4/17.
Following the 2008 "Re-imaging Cities: Urban Design After the Age of Oil symposium, Penn IUR solicited manuscripts on environmental and energy challenges and their effect on the redesign of urban environments.
The document discusses strategies for upgrading slums in India. It notes that the urban slum population is growing despite reductions in poverty. The Government of India has requested a loan from the World Bank to implement a more effective strategy for financing urban slum improvement and sanitation. The program will focus on refining slum policies, establishing performance measures, developing monitoring mechanisms, and funding schemes to improve the efficiency and reach of assistance programs. The goal is to contribute to poverty alleviation, strengthen communities, and improve the effectiveness of government expenditures on these programs.
David Rouse of WRT is leading a panel at the annual state planning conference addressing the question: How Can Pennsylvania’s Communities Plan for a Sustainable Future?
The document summarizes the shortage of housing in Singapore from the colonial period to the 1990s and the actions taken by the government to address it. When Singapore gained self-government in 1959, about half a million people were living in slums and squatter settlements with poor sanitation. The new PAP government established the Housing & Development Board in 1960 and implemented three five-year plans to build public housing rapidly. The first plan focused on construction while improving design and amenities in subsequent plans. By 1990, home ownership rates increased significantly.
The document discusses slum upgradation in India. It begins by defining slums and their characteristics such as lack of basic services, substandard housing, overcrowding, and insecure tenure. It then discusses the causes and risks of slums. Approaches to tackling slums include punitive actions like eviction, curative actions like upgrading infrastructure and services, and preventive actions like improving access to housing. The government of India has implemented programs like the JnNURM and IHSDP to support slum upgradation through infrastructure improvements and affordable housing. Low-cost construction techniques used include fly ash bricks, concrete blocks, and prefabricated materials. The goal of slum upgradation is to improve living standards
This presentation was presented in 'The Lahore Project' Monthly Discussion Forum on Environment, introducing the scope of the sector, key concepts, issues and strategies for a sustainable urban ecology by Rafia Kamal, on 21st Aug.2013 at Dabistan-e-Iqbal, (2-S, Gulberg II) Lahore.
The document summarizes a slum rehabilitation project in Pantharapalya, Bangalore. It provides background on slum populations in Bangalore, describing the vulnerable living conditions in Pantharapalya slum. The project rehabilitated the slum residents in-situ, constructing 1088 dwelling units. Basic infrastructure like water, sanitation and roads was also improved. However, issues remain with maintenance and some residents are dissatisfied with construction quality. Overall, the project benefited urban poor by improving living standards, but continued efforts are needed.
The document discusses definitions and approaches to slum rehabilitation in India. It defines slums according to the census of India and UN-HABITAT, and notes that the number of towns reporting slums increased from 1,743 to 2,613 between 2001 and 2011. It also provides details on the types of slums, state-wise slum populations, examples of large slums worldwide, and the various approaches and programs that have been implemented in India to rehabilitate slums, including the roles of the Slum Rehabilitation Authority and specific cases in Mumbai.
The document discusses the importance of open space to residents of Upper Providence Township. It highlights results from the 2005 Comprehensive Plan survey that show residents value parks and open spaces. Over 60% of residents get their water from Ridley Creek, so maintaining high water quality through open space preservation is important. However, there is development pressure that could threaten environmentally sensitive lands. The Township group UPOS works to preserve open spaces in line with the Comprehensive Plan and sees Scott Park as a valuable educational resource due to its diverse ecosystems.
The document summarizes a presentation on climate change adaptation planning in the Boston metropolitan region. It discusses the objectives of the regional climate change strategy, examples of natural resource protection zoning and floodplain regulations, green infrastructure approaches, and partnerships between the Metropolitan Area Planning Council and municipalities. It also introduces guests from the City of Quincy who discuss climate change vulnerabilities and assets in Quincy, and their resilience planning project with MAPC and Boston University.
Mega Cebu: Platform for Smart, Inclusive and Sustainable City RegionMega Cebu
This was delivered by Ms. Evelyn Nacario-Castro, RAFI EADSC executive director, last April 15 as part of celebrating Mega Cebu's third year anniversary.
This document proposes opening a community resource center in Inglewood, California run by the non-profit organization FMLY. The center would provide space for urban sustainability education, arts programs, and alternative transportation workshops. It would address challenges facing underserved urban communities like pollution, obesity, and lack of access to services. The center would be supported by Antioch University and offer programs in urban gardening, music, and bike repair to foster community growth and collaboration.
Top 15 Most Environmentally Sustainable Cities in the WorldGreenBlue Urban
This document lists and describes the top 15 most environmentally sustainable cities in the world. It discusses the sustainability initiatives and credentials of each city, including their green spaces, public transportation, renewable energy programs, and goals to reduce emissions and environmental impact. Zurich, Switzerland is ranked as the most sustainable city due to its strong focus on environmental protection and initiatives to encourage citizen participation in sustainability efforts.
This document defines slums according to various organizations and censuses, and describes the characteristics and types of slums in India. It defines slums as informal settlements with substandard housing and lack of basic services, as per the Census of India, World Bank, and WHO. It also provides definitions from other sources. The document outlines the three main types of slums in India - notified, recognized, and identified slums. It describes the characteristics of slums such as overcrowding, lack of infrastructure, and insecure land tenure. Finally, it summarizes various government policies and schemes to address slums over different 5-year plans in India.
The document summarizes the challenges faced by New Orleans in rebuilding after Hurricane Katrina, drawing parallels to failed "urban renewal" programs of the past. It discusses the massive scale of blight and abandoned properties, high rents displacing residents, and the racial impacts of demolishing public housing units. However, it notes that locally-led, grassroots programs like "Musicians Village" have shown more success than top-down approaches. Overall, New Orleans continues rebuilding but must avoid repeating the mistakes of urban renewal, such as lack of community input and vacant lots left behind.
The document discusses the biophilic city concept as a way to develop more sustainable societies. It notes several challenges facing cities like climate change, population growth, and resource depletion. Adopting principles of biophilic cities could help address these issues by increasing biodiversity, introducing urban farming, and improving environmental management strategies. This would help stabilize ecological systems while also providing health and productivity benefits to city residents. The biophilic city concept promotes integrating nature into urban planning to develop more sustainable models of urban development.
The document is a letter from the Mayor of Columbus introducing the city's new 5-year sustainability plan called the Columbus Green Community Plan. It summarizes the city's green successes over the past 10 years since launching the Get Green Columbus initiative, such as restoring rivers, adding greenspace, launching recycling and bikeshare programs, and piloting projects to reduce sewer overflows. It acknowledges more work remains to be done and introduces the new community-wide plan to make further progress toward making Columbus a green, healthy and prosperous community through 2020.
El documento habla sobre varios temas relacionados con el comercio electrónico y la gestión empresarial digital. Explica conceptos como el comercio electrónico (e-commerce), el negocio electrónico (e-business), la gestión de relaciones con clientes (CRM), los sistemas empresariales integrados (ERP) y la gestión de la cadena de suministro (SCM). Para cada tema, define sus características clave y beneficios para las empresas.
The document discusses testing. It appears to be about finally completing or concluding some tests. In a few short sentences, it conveys that testing of an unknown subject or subjects has been finalized.
The document appears to contain two images without any accompanying text. The first image shows a person holding up their index finger. The second image shows a person holding up two fingers.
A Tale of Two CRAs: How Community Redevelopment Agencies in Florida Implement...garrjacobs
This is a discussion of the CRA system in Florida and how it can be used to fund development of Healthy Communities. Focusing on programs and development types that are traditionally outside of normally funding sources from Sewer infrastructure and alternative storm water treatment to new treads in Public housing.
This is the presentation to a webinar hosted by the AIA Housing Knowledge Community and the Open Architecture Collaborative. Originally aired on 12/4/17.
Following the 2008 "Re-imaging Cities: Urban Design After the Age of Oil symposium, Penn IUR solicited manuscripts on environmental and energy challenges and their effect on the redesign of urban environments.
The document discusses strategies for upgrading slums in India. It notes that the urban slum population is growing despite reductions in poverty. The Government of India has requested a loan from the World Bank to implement a more effective strategy for financing urban slum improvement and sanitation. The program will focus on refining slum policies, establishing performance measures, developing monitoring mechanisms, and funding schemes to improve the efficiency and reach of assistance programs. The goal is to contribute to poverty alleviation, strengthen communities, and improve the effectiveness of government expenditures on these programs.
David Rouse of WRT is leading a panel at the annual state planning conference addressing the question: How Can Pennsylvania’s Communities Plan for a Sustainable Future?
The document summarizes the shortage of housing in Singapore from the colonial period to the 1990s and the actions taken by the government to address it. When Singapore gained self-government in 1959, about half a million people were living in slums and squatter settlements with poor sanitation. The new PAP government established the Housing & Development Board in 1960 and implemented three five-year plans to build public housing rapidly. The first plan focused on construction while improving design and amenities in subsequent plans. By 1990, home ownership rates increased significantly.
The document discusses slum upgradation in India. It begins by defining slums and their characteristics such as lack of basic services, substandard housing, overcrowding, and insecure tenure. It then discusses the causes and risks of slums. Approaches to tackling slums include punitive actions like eviction, curative actions like upgrading infrastructure and services, and preventive actions like improving access to housing. The government of India has implemented programs like the JnNURM and IHSDP to support slum upgradation through infrastructure improvements and affordable housing. Low-cost construction techniques used include fly ash bricks, concrete blocks, and prefabricated materials. The goal of slum upgradation is to improve living standards
This presentation was presented in 'The Lahore Project' Monthly Discussion Forum on Environment, introducing the scope of the sector, key concepts, issues and strategies for a sustainable urban ecology by Rafia Kamal, on 21st Aug.2013 at Dabistan-e-Iqbal, (2-S, Gulberg II) Lahore.
The document summarizes a slum rehabilitation project in Pantharapalya, Bangalore. It provides background on slum populations in Bangalore, describing the vulnerable living conditions in Pantharapalya slum. The project rehabilitated the slum residents in-situ, constructing 1088 dwelling units. Basic infrastructure like water, sanitation and roads was also improved. However, issues remain with maintenance and some residents are dissatisfied with construction quality. Overall, the project benefited urban poor by improving living standards, but continued efforts are needed.
The document discusses definitions and approaches to slum rehabilitation in India. It defines slums according to the census of India and UN-HABITAT, and notes that the number of towns reporting slums increased from 1,743 to 2,613 between 2001 and 2011. It also provides details on the types of slums, state-wise slum populations, examples of large slums worldwide, and the various approaches and programs that have been implemented in India to rehabilitate slums, including the roles of the Slum Rehabilitation Authority and specific cases in Mumbai.
The document discusses the importance of open space to residents of Upper Providence Township. It highlights results from the 2005 Comprehensive Plan survey that show residents value parks and open spaces. Over 60% of residents get their water from Ridley Creek, so maintaining high water quality through open space preservation is important. However, there is development pressure that could threaten environmentally sensitive lands. The Township group UPOS works to preserve open spaces in line with the Comprehensive Plan and sees Scott Park as a valuable educational resource due to its diverse ecosystems.
The document summarizes a presentation on climate change adaptation planning in the Boston metropolitan region. It discusses the objectives of the regional climate change strategy, examples of natural resource protection zoning and floodplain regulations, green infrastructure approaches, and partnerships between the Metropolitan Area Planning Council and municipalities. It also introduces guests from the City of Quincy who discuss climate change vulnerabilities and assets in Quincy, and their resilience planning project with MAPC and Boston University.
Mega Cebu: Platform for Smart, Inclusive and Sustainable City RegionMega Cebu
This was delivered by Ms. Evelyn Nacario-Castro, RAFI EADSC executive director, last April 15 as part of celebrating Mega Cebu's third year anniversary.
This document proposes opening a community resource center in Inglewood, California run by the non-profit organization FMLY. The center would provide space for urban sustainability education, arts programs, and alternative transportation workshops. It would address challenges facing underserved urban communities like pollution, obesity, and lack of access to services. The center would be supported by Antioch University and offer programs in urban gardening, music, and bike repair to foster community growth and collaboration.
Top 15 Most Environmentally Sustainable Cities in the WorldGreenBlue Urban
This document lists and describes the top 15 most environmentally sustainable cities in the world. It discusses the sustainability initiatives and credentials of each city, including their green spaces, public transportation, renewable energy programs, and goals to reduce emissions and environmental impact. Zurich, Switzerland is ranked as the most sustainable city due to its strong focus on environmental protection and initiatives to encourage citizen participation in sustainability efforts.
This document defines slums according to various organizations and censuses, and describes the characteristics and types of slums in India. It defines slums as informal settlements with substandard housing and lack of basic services, as per the Census of India, World Bank, and WHO. It also provides definitions from other sources. The document outlines the three main types of slums in India - notified, recognized, and identified slums. It describes the characteristics of slums such as overcrowding, lack of infrastructure, and insecure land tenure. Finally, it summarizes various government policies and schemes to address slums over different 5-year plans in India.
The document summarizes the challenges faced by New Orleans in rebuilding after Hurricane Katrina, drawing parallels to failed "urban renewal" programs of the past. It discusses the massive scale of blight and abandoned properties, high rents displacing residents, and the racial impacts of demolishing public housing units. However, it notes that locally-led, grassroots programs like "Musicians Village" have shown more success than top-down approaches. Overall, New Orleans continues rebuilding but must avoid repeating the mistakes of urban renewal, such as lack of community input and vacant lots left behind.
The document discusses the biophilic city concept as a way to develop more sustainable societies. It notes several challenges facing cities like climate change, population growth, and resource depletion. Adopting principles of biophilic cities could help address these issues by increasing biodiversity, introducing urban farming, and improving environmental management strategies. This would help stabilize ecological systems while also providing health and productivity benefits to city residents. The biophilic city concept promotes integrating nature into urban planning to develop more sustainable models of urban development.
The document is a letter from the Mayor of Columbus introducing the city's new 5-year sustainability plan called the Columbus Green Community Plan. It summarizes the city's green successes over the past 10 years since launching the Get Green Columbus initiative, such as restoring rivers, adding greenspace, launching recycling and bikeshare programs, and piloting projects to reduce sewer overflows. It acknowledges more work remains to be done and introduces the new community-wide plan to make further progress toward making Columbus a green, healthy and prosperous community through 2020.
El documento habla sobre varios temas relacionados con el comercio electrónico y la gestión empresarial digital. Explica conceptos como el comercio electrónico (e-commerce), el negocio electrónico (e-business), la gestión de relaciones con clientes (CRM), los sistemas empresariales integrados (ERP) y la gestión de la cadena de suministro (SCM). Para cada tema, define sus características clave y beneficios para las empresas.
The document discusses testing. It appears to be about finally completing or concluding some tests. In a few short sentences, it conveys that testing of an unknown subject or subjects has been finalized.
The document appears to contain two images without any accompanying text. The first image shows a person holding up their index finger. The second image shows a person holding up two fingers.
Flowering plants have two growth phases: a vegetative phase with stem and leaf production from the apical meristem, and a flowering phase with sexual reproduction organs from the floral meristem. The plant maintains vegetative growth until signals induce the apical meristem to transition into an inflorescence meristem producing small leaves and floral meristems. A flower consists of four whorls of floral organs - sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. Flower development is genetically controlled by genes regulating flowering time, meristem identity, organ identity according to the ABC model, and late processes like ovule development.
Kaman Automation Inc. Capabilities brochureDavid Bradley
The document discusses Kaman AC&E, a provider of automation, control, and energy solutions. It summarizes Kaman AC&E's capabilities including engineering solutions, manufacturing, custom panel design and assembly, component sourcing, and field services from its 27 North American locations. It emphasizes partnering with customers to optimize processes, reduce costs, and ensure their success.
In January 2018, the City of Stockton was awarded a $170,000 Transformative Climate Communities (TCC) Planning Grant by the California Strategic Growth Council to support planning activities in the Downtown and South Stockton region. To mobilize this grant Mayor Tubbs' Office, community partners, and the neighborhood residents created Rise Stockton to carry out this work. This Sustainable Neighborhood Plan (SNP) is a framework for sustainable development in Central and South Stockton. It seeks to translate community concerns and recommendations into shovel-ready projects and policy proposals.
The World Bank has established a new climate action plan to address increasing climate challenges, including impacts on public health, coastlines, cities, water availability and food security. The plan sets ambitious targets by 2020, such as producing 30 gigawatts of renewable energy, mobilizing $25 billion in private financing for clean energy, quadrupling funding for climate-resilient transport, and bringing early warning systems to 100 million people. The World Bank will help countries develop policies and plans to reduce carbon pollution and integrate climate considerations into urban planning, agriculture, forestry and fisheries.
This document analyzes carbon mitigation policies that could help the city of Austin achieve its goal of net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. It discusses cap-and-trade systems and carbon tax systems, providing case studies of jurisdictions that have implemented each approach. While both approaches have advantages and disadvantages, the document concludes that a carbon fee system is best suited for Austin's economic and industrial interests, as fees collected could fund initiatives to reduce emissions from transportation, electricity usage, and other sectors.
The document discusses environmental investments and policies in the Philippines related to blue economy development. It provides background on the Philippines and outlines several key strategic policies and programs by the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) including flood management plans, sewerage and sanitation programs, and eco-friendly initiatives. Major projects discussed include the Master Plan for Flood Management in Metro Manila, the National Sewerage and Septage Management Program, and the use of bioengineering solutions. The document outlines where current policies and programs are and where they are headed by 2020-2030 to further improve water quality, solid waste management, and sanitation across the Philippines.
Q1For this question, we will focus on a comparison and contrast.docxleonorepour284
Q1:
For this question, we will focus on a comparison and contrast of early American civilization creation stories, specifically the Aztec creation stories, with the European creation story from Christianity. What we want to compare are the ideas about the relationship between God and humanity as depicted through art. It's not necessary to retell the stories in this discussion. We will all have read the material. Focus on similarities and differences in the meaning of the stories. How does each civilization view the creator and creation? the roles of women? the relationship between humanity and the divine?
King James Bible, Genesis 1, 2
Q2:
Who was Guaman Poma and what relationship did he have with the Spanish Conquistadors who came to colonize the New World and rule over its peoples? What contribution has he made to modern discussions of freedom, liberty, and modern political and social organization? Do you think Guaman Poma's work supports or contradicts the idea that Europeans brought civilization and political organization to the Incas? What did Europeans bring?
Q3:
Discuss the three major West African Kingdoms of the Early Modern Period. Focus on the major forms of artistic expression of these kingdoms. What is the Griot tradition? How are literature, creative expression and history linked in the storytelling tradition of the Griot?
2 full pages
J u n e 2 0 1 3 U n i t e d N a t i o n s D e p a r t m e n t o f E c o n o m i c a n d S o c i a l A f f a i r s 1
The multiple challenges that cities face also represent a strategic opportunity to build sustainable cities
and reap the benefits of rapid urbanization. Urban de
velopment should be understood as a balanced and inclusive
development of four pillars: economic de ve lopment, social
development, environmental management and urban
governance. The enabling mechanisms include an integrated
investment on green industrial transformation, improved
public infrastructure, access to and efficient use of social
services, effective urban governance, and the protection and
management of natural resources.
About 6.25 billion people would be living in urban cen
tres by 2050, eighty per cent of which would reside in develop
ing regions, concentrated in cities of Africa and Asia. For ex
ample, African cities would house over 1 billion people, which
would be three times the figure of urban North America, twice
the figure of Latin America and the Caribbean or Europe, and
comparable to China’s urban population at that time. In many
cities of developing countries the main challenge would then
be how to provide adequate public services and job opportuni
ties to residents, including marginalized populations in mega
cities. In addition, the adverse impact of social inequalities on
human health and the environment can multiply when we
factor the adverse effects of ‘natural’ disasters. The incidence of
natural hazards linked to climate change events has increased
i.
Swim Drink Fish's submission on Preserving and Protecting our Environment for...LOWaterkeeper
This submission outlines Swim Drink Fish's six recommendations to the Government of Ontario for its provincial environment plan and a model sewage-alert policy.
20220915-Sustainable Coastal urbanization and marine eco-environmental govern...mkamalnaser
This document discusses sustainable technologies for coastal urbanization and marine environmental governance. It provides an outline for a one day lecture on this topic, covering sections on urbanization and coastal urbanization, coastal environmental change, marine environmental governance, and new technologies for coastal resilience. Examples of coastal urbanization are discussed, including the growth of megacities and challenges like rising sea levels. Case studies of coastal urbanization in Singapore and China's city clusters like the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area are also summarized.
This summary provides an overview of the key points in the document:
1. The document criticizes the Issues Paper for lacking vision, clear direction, and obligations on the state to commit resources to landscape protection. It fails to address deficiencies in landscape expertise.
2. A vision for Irish landscapes is needed that places them at the center of a healthy, sustainable society and recognizes their cultural, artistic, and economic value for well-being.
3. Specific recommendations are provided to address these issues, including engaging public participation models and using provisions to resolve expertise deficiencies through public sector reform. The document argues for a clearer policy and relation to other government strategies.
Swim Drink Fish Canada submitted comments on the draft Canada-Ontario Agreement on Great Lakes Water Quality and Ecosystem Health, 2020. They recognize the commitments Ontario and Canada are making to restore and protect the Great Lakes. They are supportive but provide 10 recommendations including to include them in beach monitoring efforts, ensure adequate funding, focus on enforcement, prioritize sewage issues in Hamilton Harbour and Toronto Harbour, and establish clear benchmarks for measuring improvements to Great Lakes health.
This document summarizes several blog posts on the topic of sustainable development and construction. It discusses sustainable communities and urban planning, focusing on compact development, mixed uses, pedestrian access, and transit-oriented development. It also covers energy and carbon topics like current U.S. energy use, sources, and the rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Key sustainable indicators and government agencies working on sustainability are mentioned as well.
The document discusses integrated risk management as the first priority for municipal water management. It notes that while municipal water management involves managing many risks, these risks are typically not addressed within a coordinated structure. This can reduce opportunities to most effectively mitigate and manage risks. The document advocates for more strategic approaches to risk management that consider both operational and strategic risks and involve stakeholders beyond local water utilities. It provides an example of how the City of Calgary is working to adopt a more integrated enterprise risk management framework to create value from risk.
Expanding nodular development (end) sustainable urbanisationNeilBaulch
This Paper was prompted by the increasingly obvious adverse effects of the ‘Urban Sprawl’ mode of urban expansion of Australian capital cities. Population of the nation is increasing steadily with a fertility rate of about 1.8 babies per woman, and a net overseas migration of about 180,000 persons per year. With over 64% of the nation’s population concentrated into the capital cities, there is a magnification effect for them, as demonstrated by Melbourne which is increasing at the rate of 2%,while Victoria as a whole is increasing at 1.8%. At this rate the actual increase for Melbourne is an alarming 82,000 per year, which is approaching the population of Ballarat. These high rates of population increase are problematic, and if not addressed now, could impose severe restrictions to the nation’s future economy and unfavourably affect the wellbeing of its citizens.
This document provides a capstone project report prepared for Urban Systems that summarizes key economic trends in the Okanagan Valley over the next 1-2 decades. The report identifies 7 major trends: infrastructure, health, agriculture, tourism, renewable energy, information technology, and forestry. For each trend, the report outlines factors driving changes and opportunities for Urban Systems to capitalize on emerging industries and needs in the region.
The document discusses politics and protected landscapes in Wales. It outlines the new Welsh government's commitment to an ecosystem approach and establishing a Natural Environment Framework. It also discusses potential scenarios for the future, including greater centralization versus localization and the role of economic valuation versus spatial planning.
Planning for Sustainable Communities: Master Plan Guidance for New Jersey Of...APA-NJ
Since the amendment to the MLUL in 2008 to include the Green Building and Environmental Sustainability Plan element (The Sustainability Plan) in the list of permitted Master Plan elements, towns across New Jersey have been taking sustainability planning more seriously. Especially in the wake of recent extreme weather, the need for short-term resiliency actions and long-term sustainability goals is more pressing than ever.
Therefore, it is with great pleasure that the Sustainability Committee of the NJ Chapter of the American Planning Association announces the release of a sustainability planning guide for planners and municipal officials. The new guide, “Planning for Sustainable Communities: Master Plan Guidance for New Jersey Officials”, deconstructs the traditional master plan and offers new approaches to each of the plan elements with sound local and global examples that any NJ municipality can tailor to their needs.
2. Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Sustainability Defined
3. Weaknesses
a. Wetland Management
b. Transportation and Transit
4. Strengths
a. Renewable Energy
b. GreeNOLA: A Strategy for a Sustainable New Orleans
5. Recommendations
a. Short Term
b. Long Term
5. Conclusion
3. Introduction
New Orleans has a rich history dating back to its first inhabitants the Native Americans
of the Woodland and Mississippian tribes. However, it was not until hundreds of years
later that city was coined La Nouvelle-Orléans by Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville
in 1718. The city is currently known for things, including, its Creole culture, vibrant
history, New Orleans jazz, and its Mardi Gras Festival.
Unfortunately, the city has faced many catastrophes since its founding centuries ago.
The Great Fires of New Orleans, which occurred in both 1788 and 1794, destroyed
almost all of buildings in the city, were the first of the town’s major catastrophes. In the
years following the fires, significant battles were fought over the city, including the War
of 1812 and the Civil War. Arguably, the most damaging phenomena has been the large
number of devastating hurricanes that the city has dealt with in its 300-year existence
with Hurricane Katrina in 2005 causing the most financial damage and killing 1,465 in
Louisiana.1
However, the city that is largely below sea level now faces a new battle
rising sea levels due to climate change. It is this new challenge that forces the town to
look to sustainable measures such as improved resilience, and adaption and mitigation
to climate change to thrive in the future.
A Policy Guide for a Sustainable New Orleans (Guide) was prepared to identify what the
City of New Orleans is doing well and where it could improve in the area of
sustainability. The Strategy will analyze where existing policies, initiatives, and
investments have failed, fallen short, or are missing. Finally, it will make a case for what
the policy weaknesses are and identify potential solutions.
4. The Guide looks at current sustainability deficiencies in wetlands management and
transportation and transit. Conversely, it will offer an overview of the current strengths
such as renewable energy policy and the GreeNOLA: A Strategy for a Sustainable New
Orleans report. Lastly, it will provide both short and long-term policy recommendations
to improve the city's resilience and future sustainability. The Guide will allow users to
gain a high-level picture of the areas of need and opportunities to improve the
sustainability of the City of New Orleans.
2. Sustainability Defined
Before, the Guide analyzes New Orleans existing policies, initiatives, and investments it
is necessary to define the term sustainability as will be used in this report. First, the
report will look a few of the most recognized definitions of sustainability prior to
providing the definition chosen for use in this document.
The definition of sustainability most often utilized originates from the United Nations
report, Our Common Future, more commonly known as the Brundtland Report.
Furthermore, the present discourse around sustainability regularly equates sustainability
to sustainable development, which the Brundtland Report defines as, “development
which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their needs”.2
Ahmedi & Toghyani provide a more detailed definition that takes a broader look at what
sustainability entails, “To achieve sustainability in urban communities, the existing
literature points to five dimensions of sustainable development: 1) economic
5. sustainability, 2) social sustainability, 3) ecological sustainability, 4) sustainable spatial
development, and 5) cultural continuity.”3
Drawing upon these definitions, the following has been developed as the working
definition of a sustainable community for this document:
Developing, or more appropriately, transforming communities to become sustainable
involves a new understanding of the dynamics between human and environmental
health. Sustainable development is a platform upon which opportunities to be more
environmentally and socially responsible present themselves. Consequently, a
sustainable community is one in which the built environment is inclusive of a variety of
social and economic agendas that all behave with a respect and understanding of
environmental limitations, threats, and opportunities.
3. Weaknesses
The following section will take a look at New Orleans deficiencies in existing policies,
initiatives, and investments regarding wetland management and transportation and
transit.
a. Wetland Management
Wetland management policies or lack thereof is one of the major issues that has led to
many of the sustainability problems that New Orleans faces today. The wetlands have a
substantial impact on the sustainability of the city as they provide many benefits,
including, storm surge protection, erosion and flood control, natural filtering of water,
and provide habitats for rare species and wildlife.4
Unfortunately, the city has done a
6. very poor job of protecting this valuable resource over the past two centuries. The
amount of wetland loss in Louisiana has been staggering, in the last five decades as
much as 80% of the nation’s coastal wetland loss occurred in the state and from 1932 to
2000, it lost 1,900 square miles of land to the Gulf of Mexico.5
The loss of this vast
amount of the city’s coastal wetlands played a significant role in the disastrous flooding
of the Gulf Coast during Hurricane Katrina. The state has now enacted policies to
combat the loss and regenerate the wetlands, however, the efforts are not enough.
Although, Congress passed the 1990 Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection, and
Restoration Act its effect has been minimal. The Act provided $50 million each year for
wetlands restoration projects in Louisiana, which has provided funding for 118
restoration projects, 75 of which have already built.6
However, most of these projects
are relatively small in scale.
b. Transportation and Transit
According to the American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013 Report Card for America's
Infrastructure, New Orleans roads and bridges are mostly below standard, approaching
the end of their service life, and the condition and capacity are of significant concern
with a strong risk of failure.7
Unfortunately, while the city’s roads are falling apart, it
provides little in the way of sustainable modes of transportation such as public transit,
and walkable and bikeable infrastructure, which reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
New Orleans has been rated as somewhat bikeable and walkable, however, this means
that only some errands can be accomplished on foot or bike.8
In addition to the city’s
lack of bikeable and walkable neighborhoods, it has a very ineffective public
transportation system as well. Currently, just 36% of the pre-Katrina public transit
7. service offered by the New Orleans Regional Transit Authority (RTA) in 2005 had been
restored, although 86% of New Orleans’ population has returned to the city
disproportionately affecting low-income neighborhoods, communities of color, and areas
where people have less access to personal vehicles.9
Regrettably, Louisiana’s current
policy of financing transportation through a 16 cent-per-gallon gas tax established in
1984 is outdated. The funds, which are allocated to the Louisiana Department of
Transportation Development are now worth only 7 cents per gallon because of inflation,
and as vehicles achieve better fuel efficiencies, tax revenues continue to decline.10
4. Strengths
The following section will take a look at New Orleans successes in existing policies,
initiatives, and investments regarding renewable energy and GreeNOLA: A Strategy for
a Sustainable New Orleans report.
a. Renewable Energy
The City of New Orleans has been making great strides in increasing the amount of
renewable energy produced in the city through various policies. First, the city has
provided tax credits in addition to those already through the federal government for
homes that install different types of renewable energy producing devices. Currently,
New Orleans offers a tax credit that covers as much as 50 percent of the first $25,000
spent on a range of renewable energy technologies, including solar hot water and
electricity, and wind power generators.11
In addition to the aforementioned policy, the
city has leveraged $1.4 million federal Department of Energy grant to install full-scale
hydrokinetic turbine generator in the Mississippi River.12
So, all in all, the city is doing an
8. excellent job with its existing policies, initiatives, and investments regarding renewable
energy.
b. GreeNOLA: A Strategy for a Sustainable New Orleans
Perhaps, the biggest success in the area of sustainability achieved by New Orleans was
its creation of the report entitled GreeNOLA: A Strategy for a Sustainable New Orleans
(GreeNOLA). While the report itself is not a policy per say, but it is more of a tool to
guide decision makers in determining what policies would be best for the city.
GreeNOLA is a comprehensive approach to New Orleans “recovery by incorporating
leading ideas about sustainable and smart urban development into the recovery
process”.13
GreeNOLA sets sustainability goals to be achieved within short-term (1
year), medium-term (3 years), and long-term (10 years). Additionally, it aims to identify
and achieve sustainability goals in six broad program areas including: 1. Green
Buildings & Energy Efficiency; 2. Alternative Energy; 3. Waste Reduction, Reuse, &
Recycling; 4. Transportation & Clean Fuels; 5. Environmental Outreach & Justice; 6.
Flood Risk Reduction. GreenNOLA does an excellent job of setting guidelines for
success by using sustainability metrics and indicators, identifying best practices from
other cities in the United States, documenting existing New Orleans projects and
programs, and incorporating lessons learned.
5. Recommendations
The following two sections will offer recommendations to The City of New Orleans
regarding what short and long term policies should be enacted to make the city more
sustainable.
9. a. Short Term
The Guide believes in the short term the city should focus its policies toward improving
resiliency before looking to adapt and mitigate climate change. The Center for
Resilience defines resilience as, “The capacity of a system to survive, adapt, and grow
in the face of unforeseen changes, even catastrophic incidents”.14
The fact that New
Orleans is still recovering from Hurricane Katrina and is constantly at risk of other
catastrophic incidents makes it imperative that the city look at rapidly stabilizing the city.
The current disrepair amongst the city's transportation systems, neighborhoods, public
health, and lack of civic and commercial service makes the town less resilient to future
disasters. At present, more than half of New Orleans 13 planning districts still have
significant numbers of vacancies and lack many of the civic and commercial services
that they had before the storm, and many of these districts already suffered from
disinvestment before Hurricane Katrina.15
So, short-term policy choices would be best
aimed at providing vital services to the city’s residents in lieu of providing tax credits for
things like solar panels, which overwhelming benefit middle and upper-class
homeowners.16
Recently, the Federal Emergency Management Agency and New
Orleans reached a settlement of $2 billion settlement aimed at fixing roads and water,
sewer and drainage pipes.17
The settlement is a significant boost for the city,
unfortunately again, low-income neighborhoods, communities of color, and areas where
people have less access to personal vehicles will not benefit as much as citizens that
can afford vehicles as the settlement does not provide for assistance to the city's ailing
public transportation system. In conclusion, the cities short term policies should provide
10. assistance for all of it citizens, however, the less resilient low-income neighborhoods
and communities of color should be given the first priority.
b. Long Term
The Guide believes in the long run that the town should focus its policies toward policies
that will help with the adaption and mitigation of climate change. In the long term, the
city should continue expanding on its current renewable energy policies. However, it
should expand its NOLAwise program, which would benefit lower income families
through youth education in environmental literacy and stewardship18
and provide low-
interest loans to homeowners looking to improve energy efficiency and cut down on
utility bills.19
Also, the city must work to restore its wetlands not only for the reasons
above of storm surge protection and erosion and flood control but to provide economic
benefits to a struggling community. The wetlands can be of economic benefit by
providing commodities such as cranberries and fish, offering spatial amenities to
developments, and boosting money making recreational activities.20
Finally, New
Orleans .create an extensive smart growth land use policy in an effort to improve the
city’s future sustainability. The benefits of promoting smart growth land use patterns in
New Orleans and the region include reduced greenhouse gas emissions, improved
housing options and affordability, improved accessibility and transport options,
transportation cost savings, reduced crash risk, improved fitness and health, and public
service cost savings, just to name a few.21
New Orleans can significantly enhance its
future sustainability through the implementation of these long-term recommendations
and achieve even greater success when combined with a strong short-term strategy.
11. 5. Conclusion
New Orleans-born author, Lura Robinson once wrote, “Through pestilence, hurricanes,
and conflagrations the people continued to sing. They sang through the long oppressive
years of conquering the swampland and fortifying the town against the ever threatening
Mississippi. They are singing today. An irrepressible joie de vivre maintains the
unbroken thread of music through the air. Yet, on occasion, if you ask an overburdened
citizen why he is singing so gaily, he will give the time-honored reason, “Why to keep
from crying, of course!”22
Although the citizens of New Orleans have faced many trials
and tribulations throughout its history, it is this resilient attitude that will propel the city in
its recovery. The analysis of the strengths and weakness of the city’s existing policies,
initiatives, and investments found in this Guide provides a concise overview of the
current conditions. Lastly, the short-term and long-term recommendations offered in this
Guide will advise the future policy decisions of the city.
12. Endnotes
1
Schleifstein, M. (2012). Hurricanes: The Times-Picayune covers 175 years of New
Orleans history. The Times-Picayune.
2
Brundtland, G. H. (1987). Our Common Future. World Commission on Environment
and Development. Oxford University Press
3
Pijawka, K. D., & Beatley, T. (2015). Sustainability for the 21st Century: Pathways,
Programs, and Policies. Dubuque, IA: Kendall Hunt.
4
Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. (2016). Benefits of Wetlands. Ecological
and Water Resources.
5
Tibbetts, J. (2006). Louisiana’s Wetlands: A Lesson in Nature Appreciation.
Environmental Health Perspectives, 114(1). doi:10.1289/ehp.114-a40
6
Tibbetts, J. (2006). Louisiana’s Wetlands: A Lesson in Nature Appreciation.
Environmental Health Perspectives, 114(1). doi:10.1289/ehp.114-a40
7
American Society of Civil Engineers. (2016). Louisiana Infrastructure. 2013 Report
Card for America's Infrastructure.
8
Walk Score. (2016). Living in New Orleans. New Orleans Neighborhoods on Walk
Score.
9
RIDE New Orleans. (2012). The State of Transit in New Orleans, Ten Years After
Katrina.
10
American Society of Civil Engineers. (2016). Louisiana Infrastructure. 2013 Report
Card for America's Infrastructure.
11
Thompson, R. (2012). Solar panels becoming a hot item among New Orleans area
consumers. The Times-Picayune.
12
Griggs, T. (2011). River Turbine Working. The Advocate. Capital City Press LLC.
13
The Louisiana Disaster Recovery Foundation. (2009). GreeNOLA: A Strategy for a
Sustainable New Orleans.
14
Center for Resilience at The Ohio State University. (2016). Resilience and
Sustainability Concepts.
15
The City of New Orleans. (2010). Plan for the 21st Century.
13. 16
Hernandez, M. (2013). Solar Power to the People: The Rise of Rooftop Solar Among
the Middle Class. Center for American Progress.
17
Durret, C. (2015). New Orleans, FEMA agree to $2B settlement to fix roads,
infrastructure. WDSU New Orleans.
18
Global Green USA. (2016). NOLA Wise. Global Green in NOLA.
19
Thompson, R. (2012). Solar panels becoming a hot item among New Orleans area
consumers. The Times-Picayune.
20
Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. (2016). Benefits of Wetlands. Ecological
and Water Resources.
21
Litman, T. (2011). Evaluating Smart Growth Benefits and Costs. Planetizen Press
22
Robinson, L. (1948). It's an old New Orleans custom. New York: Vanguard Press.