2. 1.) An indifferent act become morally good
or morally evil depending on the
circumstances.
For artist Ana Rosas to be standing nude
showings her naked breast and genitals in
front of a mirror and purposes of checking to
improve the shape of the body means morally
good.
Her act becomes morally evil, however, if she stands
in front on national television to simply show public
her nude body. The place and audience as
circumstance change the amorally of the act to moral
evilness.
3. An act that is evil in itself be(.2
converted good by circum
stances. The evil act of
murder, for intake, can be
justified to become good by
.any circumstances
4. A circumstance which is not gravely (.3
evil does not totally damage the
goodness of an objectively good act.
Attending Holy Mass without paying
attention to the bible readings and
Eucharistic Celebration does not
entirely demerit the Christian. His
presence in the mass is still of value
.to him
5. THE NORMS OF MORALITY
The second factor by which
the morality of human act is
.measured is the norms
6. ?What is norms
Ignacio defines it as a rule,
standard, or measured. It is
something by which we gauge
the goodness or evilness of an
act. It is something with an act
conforms to be morally good:
or a violate to be morally evil;
and neutral to be morally
.indifferent
7. There are two norms of
:morality
The law of God and human reason
of man (barbor:180).God's eternal
law is the norm of human acts.
This ultimate in independent of
any measure, hence called
objective.
On the other hand human reason
is the conscience of a person
telling him internally what ought
he to do. This norms called
.subjective
8. LAW
? What is Law
In the words of Babor,
Is a rule of action or a principle of
conduct (Babor: 165). It is best
defined by St. Thomas Aquinas
(1225-1247). The Angelic Doctor of
the Church, as "an ordinance of
reason promulgated for the common
good by one who has charge of
".society
9. “A LAW In An Ordinance” (.1
Is an order coming from a
legitimate authority. As an
order. As an order, it is
binding upon the subject
to obey. A law is not a
.requires but a command
10. 2.) "A law is an ordinance of reason." A
law is not a product of the whims of the
lawmakers, but the result of intellectual
and rational study. As a product of
reason, the law saw to it that the
following qualities are present (Ignacio:
46-48).
11. .A. A law must be just
.B. A law must be honest
.C. It is possible to be fulfilled
D. It is useful as guide to attain a goal
.E. It must be relatively permanent
.F. It must be promulgated
12. A law must be" .3
promulgated."
This means that the law must
be publicized in order to be
make known to the people who
will be subjected to it. The law
takes effect only when the
.subjects are aware of it
13. A law must be for the common good."" .4
In the first place, a law which covers not
a mere single individual but a group of
people or society, must serve the public
good. A law should be a "liberating
agency and not an enslaving one"
(Glenn: 75). A true law directs men
towards the attainment of their goals,
.temporary and ultimate
14. A law must be promulgated in".5
society." Unlike a precept to both
individuals and society, a law is a
applicable only. Senate or in
Conventions or Malacnang Palace
and are promulgated nationwide for
the people to know. So with the
Church law for its members, like the
.Ten Commandments
15. A law must be promulgated one who "(.6
has charged of society." The," one"
refers to the legitimate lawgivers, must
be it a one-person or group of persons,
like a President or the senate or
Congress for the state in the church, this
may be the Pope or Bishop, or Church
Council (ex. Vatican II, PCP II). Whether it
be a single official or a council or
leaders, these are the ones who have
.charge and care of society
17. CLASSIFICATION OF LAW
THE ETERNAL LAW .1
There are various ways of classifying laws. But we shall
present and Eternal Law? important classes. The Eternal
What is discuss first the
Law, the Naturaldefines it as “the Divine Reason Divine Positive
St. Augustine Law, and Human Positive Law. and will
Law, being theological in natureorder of things be preserved and
commanding that the natural shall not be included in this
(course (Glenn: 78 be disturbed.” St. Thomas Aquinas defines it as
forbidding that it
God‘s eternal plan and providence for all created things.
Directing them towards their ultimate and (Summa Theological
(1-11, 93,1
In the words of Glenn, “the Eternal Law extends to all
acts and movements in the universe. Thus, bodies obey the
tendencies of their nature and follow the laws of cohesion,
gravity, inertia, etc.; animals follow the guidance of instinct; the
earth turns upon its axis; the heavenly bodies swing through
their mighty orbit; all in accordance with the Eternal Law, power-
(less to reject its influence, or to disobey.” Glenn: 79
18. Man‘s body, as member of creation in the
universe, also obey the eternal law in so far as
physical law is concerned. But man alone can disobey
the same law in terms of free choice. This is due to the
fact that man is endowed with FREE WILL. So in his
human acts, he can reject the direction of the eternal
law. His body obeys the law of gravity, for instance, but
he may refuse to obey the Ten Commandments. Man
.is given the free choice in doing human acts
2. THE NATURAL LAW
The conscience of man silently dictates. “Do
good and avoid evil” This is an innate universal
command engraved in the very heart of every man
and woman regardless of time and place.
