.NET Vs J2EE

Comparing J2EE with .NET - ACCU 2002 - Slides (mostly  ) by Michael Stal, Senior Principal Engineer SIEMENS AG, Dept. CT SE 2 E-Mail: mailto:Michael.Stal@mchp.siemens.de Web: http:// www.stal.de Markus Voelter, CTO, MATHEMA AG [email_address] http://www.voelter.de

Goal ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Agenda ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Web Frameworks Workflow Engine Web-based and -related Protocols (HTTP, SMTP, ...) Service Description, Discovery, Integration (UDDI) Service Description (WSDL) Service Context (Who, Where, When, Why, ....) Virtual Machine Micro/Macro Services Integration Layer Legacy Backend Server Mainframe Frontend Layer (Web Server) Web Service User/Provider Core Services (Calendar, Preferences, Transactions, ...) Core elements of Web Frameworks Clients

.NET – The Microsoft Way of Life .NET Devices TabletPC, PocketPC, .... .NET Servers SQL Server, Biztalk, Commerce, Exchange, Mobile Information, Host Integration, Application Center .NET Foundation Services (Hailstorm) Passport, Calendar, Directory & Search, Notification & Messaging, Personalization, Web-Store/XML, Dynamic Delivery of Software and Services Common Language Runtime (Memory Management, Common Type System, Lifecycle Monitor) .NET Framework & Tools Base Classes (ADO.NET, XML, Threading, IO, ....) ASP.NET (Web Services, Web Forms, ASP.NET Application Services) Windows Forms (Controls, Drawing, Windows Application Services)

Sun ONE (Open Net Environment) Service Interface Service Container (J2EE, EJB, JSP, J2SE, J2ME, MIDP, Java Card) Process Management Service Integration (SQL, JDBC, XML, XSLT, XP, JMS, RMI, J2EE Connectors, ...) Service Platform Smart Management (SNMP, CIM, WBEM, JMX) Smart Delivery (XML, HTML, XHTML, WML, VoiceXML, XSLT, HTTP, SSL, XP, SOAP, WSDL, UDDI, ebXML, ...) Web Services Smart Process (ebXML, XAML) Smart Policy (LDAP, Kerberos, PKI, OASIS Security)) Service Creation and Assembly (JB, JSP, EJB)

Hello World Example ,[object Object],using System; namespace MyNameSpace { public class MyClass { public static void Main(String [] args) { Console.WriteLine(„Hello, C#!“); } } } package MyPackage; public class MyClass { public static void main(String [] args) { System.out.println(„Hello, Java!“); } }

Layers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

.NET Runtime ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],C# VB.NET C++ Perl Compiler MSIL + Metadata Loader/ Verifier JIT Managed Code Execution Garbage Collection, Security, Multithreading, ...

Java Virtual Machine ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Java Compiler CLASS- Files Classloader/ Verifier JIT Native Code Hotspot Interpreter Garbage Collection, Security Manager Call-in+Call-out, Multithreading, ...

Commonalities and Differences ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Object Model (.NET) ,[object Object],Types Value Types Reference Types System Value Types User Value Types Enumerations Interfaces Pointers Self-describing Types Arrays Classes Delegates Boxed Values User-Defined

System.Object ,[object Object],public class Object { public virtual int GetHashCode(); public virtual bool Equals(); public virtual String ToString(); public static bool Equals(object a, object b); public static bool ReferenceEquals(object a, object b); public Type GetType(); protected object MemberWiseClone(); protected virtual Finalize()´; }

Object Model (.NET) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Object Model (Java) ,[object Object],[object Object],Types Primitive Types Reference Types Interfaces Arrays Classes

java.lang.Object ,[object Object],public class Object { public Object(); public boolean equals(Object obj); public final Class getClass(); public int hashCode(); public final void notify(); public final void notifyAll(); public String toString(); public final void wait() throws InterruptedException; public final void wait(long timeout) throws InterruptedException; public final void wait(long timeout, int nanos) throws InterruptedException; protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException; protected void finalize() throws Throwable; }

Object Model (Java) ,[object Object],[object Object],Integer i_ref = new Integer(7); List l = ... l.add( i_ref );

.NET-Types that are not available in Java ,[object Object],class MyClass { ... public void somebodyTurnedOnTheLight( int which ) { ... } } class AnotherClass { ... public delegate void LightTurnedOn(int which); public event LightTurnedOn OnLightTurnedOn; ... OnLightTurnedOn+= new LightTurnedOn(MyClass.somebodyTurnedOnTheLight); }

.NET-Types that are not available in Java cont‘d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],public struct Name { public String First; public String Last; } int [2][] a; a[0] = new int[]{1}; a[1] = new int[]{1,2}; int [,] a = new int[2,2]; enum Color : byte { RED = 1, BLUE = 2, GREEN = 3 };

Commonalities and Differences ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Metainformation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

.NET Examples ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[AuthorIs(„Michael“)] class MyClass { ... } [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.All)] public class AuthorIsAttribute : Attribute { private string m_Name; public AuthorIsAttribute(string name) { m_Name = name;} }

.NET Examples cont‘d ,[object Object],using System; using System.Reflection; namespace ComponentClient { class Client { static void Main(string[] args) { Assembly a = Assembly.LoadFrom("Component.dll"); Type [] allTypes = a.GetTypes(); Type t = allTypes[0]; object o = Activator.CreateInstance(t); MethodInfo mi = t.GetMethod("algorithm"); double d = (double) mi.Invoke(o, new object[]{21.0}); } } }

Java Example ,[object Object],[object Object],import java.lang.reflect.*; try { Class c = Class.forName(„MyPrintComponent“); Object o = c.newInstance(); Method m = c.getMethod(„print“, new Class[]{ String.class }); m.invoke(o, new Object[]{„Hallo, Java!“}); } catch (Exception e) { // handle it here }

Statements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],string name = address.name; switch (name) { case “Maier”: Console.WriteLine(“Nice to meet you, Hans!”); break; case “Mueller”, case “Huber”: Console.WriteLine(“You owe me some money!”); break; default: Console.WriteLine(“I don’t know you”); break; }

Statements (cont‘d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],foreach (Elem i in MyContainer) { Console.WriteLine(i); } ... class MyContainer : IEnumerable, IEnumerator { public IEnumerator GetEnumerator() { return (IEnumerator) this ; } public void Reset() { ... } public bool MoveNext() { ... } public object Current { get { ... } } }

Statements (cont‘d) ,[object Object],[object Object],for (Iterator i = MyContainer.iterator(); i.hasNext();) doSomething(i.next()); ... class MyContainer implements Iterator { public boolean hasNext() {…} public Object next() {...} public void remove() {...} public Iterator iterator() { return this; } }

Statements (cont‘d) ,[object Object],[object Object],Class MyClass { ... public double x { set { if (x < 0) throw new ArgumentException (“< 0”); m_x = value; } get { return m_x; } } ... // User: MyClass m = new MyClass(); m.x = 22;

Statements (cont‘d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],object[17] = 22; // In class: Int [] m_a; public double this[int pos] { get { return m_a[pos]; } set { m_a[pos] = value; } }

Statements (cont‘d) ,[object Object],[object Object],public static Point operator+(Point op1, Point op2) { return new Point(op1.x+op2.x,op1.y+op2.y); } ... Point p = new Point(1,2) + new Point(2,3);

Statements (cont‘d) ,[object Object],[object Object],class Test { public void Print(int i) { Console.WriteLine(i); } public void Inc(ref int i) { i++; } public int SetInitial(out int i) { i = 42; } ... } Test t = ...; int i; t.SetInitial(out i); t.Inc(ref i); t.Print();

Statements (cont‘d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],public int insert(int i) throws OverLimitException; { … } // only way to tell you about // OverLimitException thrown below public int insert(int i) { … }

Important Base Classes No big conceptual differences here. Java.net: Sockets, URL, ... System.Net: Connection, HttpWebRequest, ... Kommunikation java.util: Lists, Maps, Sets, Trees, Vectors System.Collections: ArrayList, BitArray, Maps, Queue, List, Stack Container SWING, AWT Windows.Forms Web.Forms GUI Java .NET

Multithreading in .NET ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],class GlobalData { int m_Value; public int Value { set { lock(this) { m_Value = value; } } } } class Worker { GlobalData m_Global; public Worker(GlobalData global) {m_Global = global; } public void loop() { m_global.Value = 42; Thread.Sleep(100); } } // somewhere else: GlobalData g = new GlobalData(); Thread t = new Thread(new ThreadStart(new Worker().loop)); t.Start(); t.Join(); 1

Multithreading in Java ,[object Object],[object Object],class GlobalData { int m_Value; public synchronized int setValue { return m_Value; } } class Worker implements Runnable { GlobalData m_Global; public Worker(GlobalData global) { m_Global = global; } public void run() { m_Global.setValue(42); Thread.sleep(100); } } // somewhere else: GlobalData g = new GlobalData(); Thread t = new Thread(new Worker()); t.start(); t.join(); 1

Assemblies in .NET ,[object Object],Manifest Module 1 Resources Type 1 IL-Code Type 2 IL-Code Type 3 IL-Code name version Sharedname Hash Files Referenced Assemblies Types Security Custom Attributes Product Information Metadata

Assemblies in .NET ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Java JAR files ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Commonalities and Differences ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Server-Side Components in .NET ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Java Component Models ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],public class MyJavaBean { private int color; public void setColor(int v) { color = v; } public int getColor() { return color; } // a lot of more ... } // BeanInfo class not shown here!

Server Components in Java ,[object Object],Client 3) Use bean Naming Service 1) lookup home JNDI 4) remove Application Server (Container) Remote Bean Interface Remote Bean Home Interface 2”) find bean 2) create bean Bean Instance EnterpriseBean EJB Context 4 ejbCreate ejb... Deployment Descriptor EJB Jar bean-methods EJB Home EJB Object new EJB Run-time

Server Components in Java cont‘d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Database Access in .NET ,[object Object],[object Object],Data Source DataSetCommand Command Connection DataReader DataSet Client Managed Provider

.NET-Beispiel using System; using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; string myConnection = “ server=myserver;uid=sa;pw d=;database=StockTickerDB”; string myCommand = “SELECT * from StockTable”; SqlDataSetCommand datasetCommand = new SqlDataSetCommand(myCommand, myConnection); DataSet myDataSet = new DataSet(); datasetCommand.FillDataSet(myDataSet, “StockTable”); DataTable myTable =ds.Tables[“StockTable”]; foreach (DataRow row in myTable.Rows) { Console.WriteLine(“Value of {0} is {1}”, row[“LongName”], row[“Value”]); }

ADO.NET ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Database Access in Java ,[object Object],ODBC DB ODBC Driver JDBC/ ODBC Bridge Driver Manager Connection Statement Prepared Statement Callable Statement Resultset Application

Java Example import java.sql.*; // without error handling: Class.forName(„sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver“); Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(„jdbc:odbc:stocks,““,““); Statement stmt = con.CreateStatement(); ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(„SELECT * from stocks“); while (rs.next()) { System.out.println(rs.getString(„COMPANYNAME“)); } rs.close(); stmt.close(); con.close();

Database Access in Java ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

XML and .NET ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

XML and .NET cont‘d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

XML und Java ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Remoting in .NET Application Domain B Client Formatters Channels Envoy Sinks Real Proxy Transparent Proxy Servant Formatters Channels Server Context Sinks Object Context Sinks Network Application Domain A

Remoting in .NET (cont‘d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Remoting in .NET (cont‘d) ,[object Object],[object Object]

Remoting in Java ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Stub/Skeleton-Layer Client Server Stub Skeleton Remote Reference Manager Transport Layer

ASP.NET (Server-Side Scripting) ,[object Object],IIS 5 Web Server Client (1) get a.apx (2) process .NET Engine .NET Assembly Other Assemblies Database (3) result (4) HTTP file

ASP.NET Example ,[object Object]

ASP.NET Example (cont‘d) <%@ Page language="c#" Codebehind="WebForm1.aspx.cs" AutoEventWireup="false" Inherits="LoginPage.WebForm1" %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" > <HTML> <body> <form id="Form1" method="post" runat="server"> <asp:Label id="TitleLabel" runat="server">Please specify your name and password</asp:Label> <br> <asp:Label id="LoginLabel" runat="server">Login</asp:Label> <br> <asp:TextBox id="LoginText" runat="server"></asp:TextBox> <asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="RequiredFieldValidator" runat="server" ErrorMessage="You need to specify your name" ControlToValidate="LoginText"></asp:RequiredFieldValidator> <br> <asp:Label id="PasswordLabel" runat="server">Password</asp:Label> <br> <asp:TextBox id="PasswordText" runat="server" TextMode="Password"></asp:TextBox> <br> <asp:Button id="EnterButton" runat="server" Text="Open the entrance" ToolTip="Press this after you have specified login and password"></asp:Button> <br> <asp:Label id="MessageText" runat="server"></asp:Label> </form> </body> </HTML>

ASP.NET Example (cont‘d) // lot of details omitted namespace LoginPage { public class WebForm1 : System.Web.UI.Page { protected TextBox PasswordText, LoginText; protected Button EnterButton; protected Label MessageLabel; private void InitializeComponent() { this.EnterButton.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.EnterButton_Click); this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Page_Load); } private void EnterButton_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { if (!(LoginText.Text.Equals("aladdin") && PasswordText.Text.Equals("sesam"))) { MessageLabel.Text = " Wrong name or password!"; } else { Session["user"] = "aladdin"; Response.Redirect("UserArea.aspx"); } } } }

Java Server Pages and Servlets ,[object Object],[object Object],Web Server Client (1) get a.jsp (2) process JVM JSP Other Components Database (4) result (5) HTTP file Servlet (3) gen. Servlet Servlet Impl.

Java Example ,[object Object],// Datei MyPerson.java package MyPackage; import java.lang.*; public class MyPerson { public String getFirstName() { return "Michael"; } public String getLastName() { return "Stal"; } } // Datei MyTest.jsp: <HTML> <BODY> <jsp:useBean id="person" scope="session" class="MyPackage.MyPerson"/> Your name is: <br> <jsp:getProperty name="person" property="firstName"/> <br> <jsp:getProperty name="person" property="lastName"/> </BODY> </HTML>

Commonalities and Differences ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Web Services in .NET ,[object Object],namespace WebService1 { public class Service1 : System.Web.Services.WebService { // lot of stuff omitted [WebMethod] public double DM_to_Euro(double value) { return value / 1.95583; } [WebMethod] public double Euro_to_DM(double value) { return value * 1.95583; } } }

Web Services in .NET (forts.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],localhost.Service1 s1 = new localhost.Service1(); double result = s1.Euro_to_DM(200);

Web Services in Java ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Enterprise APIs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Legacy-Integration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Interoperability ,[object Object],[object Object],class PInvokeTest { [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern int MessageBoxA(int hWnd, string m, string c, int t); static void Main(string[] args) { MessageBoxA(0, "Hello DLL", "My Window", 0); } }

Interoperability cont‘d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Profiles and devices ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Profiles and devices cont‘d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Profiles and devices cont‘d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

.NET and/or Java ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

.NET and/or Java ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],#pragma once using namespace System; // .NET mit C++ namespace CPPBase { public __gc class CPPBaseClass { public: virtual System::String __gc* Echo(System::String __gc *s); }; } System::String __gc * CPPBase::CPPBaseClass::Echo(System::String __gc *s) { return s; }

.NET and/or Java ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Management Summary - 1 Currently not yet completely integrated Consistent XML-Support JSP/Servlets ASP.NET Server Pages Enterprise JavaBeans COM+ Server Components RMI/CORBA, JMS, Web Services (standard compliant) .NET Remoting, MSMQ, Web Services (no ebXML) Communication middleware (RPC, Messaging, Web) Java + possibly others C#, C++, Eiffel#, VB, .... Languages Specification and many implementations Product Line Status Sun + JCP-Partner Microsoft Controller/Owner Java .NET

Management Summary - 2 CORBA, JMS COM/COM+ (COM Interop) InteropMiddleware JCA Host Integration Server Legacy Integration Swing/AWT Windows.Forms Web.Forms GUI-Libs Java JVM .NET CLR Runtime JNI PInvoke Interop (call-in/call-out) Many many classes on java.* Many many classes on System.* Base libraries JDBC / SQLJ and others ADO.NET (ADO) Database access Java .NET

.NET Vs J2EE

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