The document discusses several challenges facing Chief Information Officers (CIOs) in government in Africa, both currently and in the future. It mentions factors like regional economic communities, continental bodies like the African Union, pressures of globalization, and the need to bridge the digital divide. It also discusses the nature of government departments, complexity of systems, need for collaboration and systemic thinking, and different levels of strategic thinking required of leaders. Lastly, it discusses the distinction between managing and leading, and proposes that change leadership requires both managing short-term issues and leading to resolve long-term challenges.