waste management

1. Project
khamba composting
( waste management)
Submitting by,
Nimmy Thomas Reg No: 200021023004
Feba Daniel Reg No: 200021023019
Aparna prasad Reg No: 200021022997

2. Khamba composter
Khamba is a Karnnatic device which is used as composter.
The khamba is India’s classic Stack composter designed by Daily
Dump. In 2006 and now a national for home composting.
• Its stackable design make it easy to fit in tight space in the corner of
your terrace, garden or balcony.

3. Placement
• Away from direct rain
• Safe from pets
• Flat surface, corner or terrace or balcony or garden.

4. Preparation
• It is a 3 layered box. (3units of boxes) named as A, B&C
• And top of the unit is closed with a lid(box cap)
• 1st Fill the unit C
• With news paper or crushed dry leaves before placing.
• In unit B place a news paper on mesh

5. • Then in unit A place the the news paper at the bottom and put the
waste materials to the unit or in box.
• Avoid : (Glass, metals & plastics in the compost).
• Then after collecting the waste materials the curd or spoiled milk is
added as Inoculum to get faster disposal.
• Put the waste materials daily in the compost.

6. • After the worms are present in the unit by BFS (Black Soldier Fly)
• Then the worms are very nutritive and it’s taken to feed fishes &
chickens.
• After when the unit A is filled completely and shift the unit A to the
middle and bring B to the top position.
• Start filling waste in unit B which is now on top.

8. Formation of BSF (Black Soldier Flies)
• Black soldier flies is the type of flies that is bigger from the normal
flies and known for its amazing quality in consuming and reducing the
organic waste.

9. This is the way organic waste and Black soldier Flies goes hand in hand,
BSF is useful in reducing the amount of organic waste that existed,
resulting is good raw materials for compost and a water waste residue
that could be proccessed into biogas.

10. • The BSF itself can be bred and sold as a new protein source that could
be used as animal feed. The eggs and larve could be produced and
marketed for various purposes.

11. Maggots In Compost

13. Compost
During the the process of food waste composting,the organic matters
that are decomposed is known as compost.

14. Various types of organic materials also considered to be waste products, are
recycled Compost is rich in nutrients.
It can be used in various ways, such as in gardens, landscaping, horticulture,
urban agriculture,seed propagation, organic farming, etc.
The compost itself is beneficial for the land in many ways, including as a soil
conditioner, a fertilizer, addition of vital humus or humic acids, and as a
natural pesticide for soil.

15. The process of composting generally requires months to complete.
In this process, a heap of wet organic matter, also known as green waste like grass,
leaves, food scraps, etc. To break down into humus.
Although, if this process is closely monitored, it can be seen that it takes place as a
multi-step process in which measured input of water, air, carbon-rich materials, and
nitrogen-rich materials is involved.
In this process, the waste must be appropriately broken down, and the worms help in
breaking down the materials.

16. • Valuable organic fertilizer is produced by decomposing various organic waste such as food waste,
manure, leaves, grass trimmings, paper, wood, feathers, crop residue, etc.
• It is carried out under controlled aerobic conditions, and it is a natural biological process.
• In this process, microorganisms like bacteria and fungi play a very vital role in breaking down
organic matter into simpler substances.
•
• The effectiveness of the composting process is dependent upon the organic matter, and the size
and activity of microbial populations.
• Composting is not a mysterious or complicated process.
• Natural recycling occurs continuously in the natural environment. The resulting nutrients are
returned to the soil to support plant growth.and seed germination.

18. THANK YOU.......