8.4 the speed of sound
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The document discusses the speed of sound, defining it as the distance traveled by sound waves in one second. It provides the formula for calculating speed as distance divided by time. The speed of sound through air is given as 340 m/s at 20 degrees Celsius. Some sample past paper questions and answers on this topic are also included.
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3.4 form 4 electromagnetic spectrum
The electromagnetic spectrum includes all types of electromagnetic waves, ranging from radio waves with the longest wavelengths to gamma rays with the shortest wavelengths. It consists of radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma rays. All electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light, oscillate perpendicular to their direction of propagation, and can transfer energy. Lower frequency waves such as radio waves have longer wavelengths while higher frequency waves such as gamma rays have shorter wavelengths and more energy. Each type of electromagnetic wave has different properties and applications such as communication technologies, heating foods, vision, sterilization, and medical imaging.
Lo4 power and intensity
Power is the rate at which energy is delivered by a wave. Intensity is the power per unit area of the wave. Formulas show that intensity is equal to power divided by area. Sample problems demonstrate calculating power from intensity and area, as well as calculating amplitude from known values like period, pressure amplitude, and bulk modulus. A clicker question example finds the length of a square plate needed to receive a given intensity from a speaker of known power. Another clicker question example calculates the intensity on a basketball from a sound wave of known amplitude, frequency, and the basketball's radius.
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3.4 form 4 electromagnetic spectrum
The electromagnetic spectrum includes all types of electromagnetic waves, ranging from radio waves with the longest wavelengths to gamma rays with the shortest wavelengths. It consists of radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma rays. All electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light, oscillate perpendicular to their direction of propagation, and can transfer energy. Lower frequency waves such as radio waves have longer wavelengths while higher frequency waves such as gamma rays have shorter wavelengths and more energy. Each type of electromagnetic wave has different properties and applications such as communication technologies, heating foods, vision, sterilization, and medical imaging.
Lo4 power and intensity
Power is the rate at which energy is delivered by a wave. Intensity is the power per unit area of the wave. Formulas show that intensity is equal to power divided by area. Sample problems demonstrate calculating power from intensity and area, as well as calculating amplitude from known values like period, pressure amplitude, and bulk modulus. A clicker question example finds the length of a square plate needed to receive a given intensity from a speaker of known power. Another clicker question example calculates the intensity on a basketball from a sound wave of known amplitude, frequency, and the basketball's radius.
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- A mixture of reflected colors is seen as a single color by our eyes. A pink object reflects more than one color, and we perceive the mixture as pink.
- In subtractive color mixing, new colors are obtained by combining paint colors through absorption rather than reflection. Cyan, magenta, and yellow can be mixed in different combinations to produce other colors.
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- The approximate range of frequencies, between 20-20,000 Hz, that are audible to humans.
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This document discusses making and testing magnets. It describes how to make a new magnet by using a strong magnet to magnetize a piece of iron or steel by stroking it in one direction multiple times. It also explains how to test the strength of a magnet by assessing how much mass it can lift and how far away it can attract objects, with stronger magnets affecting larger objects from greater distances. Additionally, it notes that horseshoe magnets, with their U-shape bringing the poles closer together, are much stronger than bar magnets.
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- The approximate range of frequencies, between 20-20,000 Hz, that are audible to humans.
- Examples of sound sources and whether their frequencies would be audible.
- Parts of the ear, like the inner ear, that are most vulnerable to damage from loud or sudden noises.
- The unit used to
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7.4- refraction
1) Refraction is the change in direction of light when it passes from one transparent material to another.
2) When light travels from air into water or glass, it slows down and bends toward the normal line at the boundary between the materials.
3) Conversely, when light travels from water or glass into air, it speeds up and bends away from the normal line at the boundary.
7.3- Reflection of Light
When light hits a surface, it can be absorbed, transmitted, or reflected. Reflection is when the light ray bounces back from the surface, such as from a mirror. The law of reflection states that the angle at which the light hits the surface, called the angle of incidence, is equal to the angle at which it bounces off, called the angle of reflection. When light hits a surface perpendicular, or at a 90 degree angle, the light ray will reflect back along the same path it came, with both angles equal to zero.
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ุฉ (ููู ููู
ุฉ !!!!)
#ููู
_ู
ุงูู_ุฏุฑุฎ
3- ุฏูุฉ ุงููุชุงุจุฉ ูุงูุตูุฑ ุนุงููุฉ ุฌุฏุงู ุฌุฏุงู ุฌุฏุงู
4- ูููุงูู ุจุนุถ ุงูู
ุนููู
ุงุช ุชู
ุชูุถูุญูุง ุจุดูู ุชูุตููู ุฌุฏุงู (ุชูุนุชุจุฑ ูุฏู ุงูุทุงูุจ ุฃู ุงูุทุงูุจุฉ ุจุฅููุง ู
ุนููู
ุงุช ู
ูุจูู
ุฉ ูู
ุน ุฐูู ุชู
ุชูุถูุญ ูุฐูู ุงูู
ุนููู
ุงุช ุงูู
ูุจูู
ุฉ ุจุดูู ุชูุตููู ุฌุฏุงู
5- ุงูู
ูุฒู
ุฉ ุชุดุฑุญ ููุณูุง ุจ ููุณูุง ุจุณ ุชููู ุชุนุงู ุงูุฑุงูู
6- ุชุญุชูู ุงูู
ูุฒู
ุฉ ูู ุงูู ุณูุงูุฏ ุนูู ุฎุงุฑุทุฉ ุชุชุถู
ู ุฌู
ูุน ุชูุฑูุนุงุช ู
ุนููู
ุงุช ุงูุฌูุงุฒ ุงูููููู ุงูู
ุฐููุฑุฉ ูู ูุฐูู ุงูู
ูุฒู
ุฉ
ูุงุฎูุฑุงู ูุฐูู ุงูู
ูุฒู
ุฉ ุญูุงูู ุนูููู
ูุฅุชู
ูู ู
ููู
ุฅู ุชุฏุนููู ุจุงูุฎูุฑ ูุงูุตุญุฉ ูุงูุนุงููุฉ ููุท
ูู ุงูุชูููู ุฒู
ูุงุฆู ูุฒู
ููุงุชู ุ ุฒู
ูููู
ู
ุญู
ุฏ ุงูุฐูุจู ๐๐
๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ
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8.4 the speed of sound
- 2. Contents of this topic Definition of The Speed of Sound The distance travelled by sound waves in one second 01 02 03 Relation ๐๐๐๐๐(๐/๐ = ๐๐๐ ๐ก๐๐๐๐(๐) ๐ก๐๐๐ (๐ ) Value for the speed of sound The speed of sound through air is 340 m/s at 20 C
- 4. ๐บ๐๐๐๐ = ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ = ๐๐๐ ๐. ๐ = ๐๐๐ ๐/๐
- 5. Choose the Correct Answer!
- 6. Choose the Correct Answer!
- 7. Thanks