Eczema note

1. ECZEMA
Dr. Bashir Nur

2. The inflammation of the skin characterized by
erythema and pain or pruritis is called as
dermatitis.

3. TYPE
S
• It is mainly divided into 4
types
– Contact dermatitis
– Atopic dermatitis
– Seborrheic dermatitis
– Exfoliative dermatitis

4. Contact dermatitis
• It is the inflammatory reaction of the skin
because of exposure to physical,
chemical or biological agents.
• The main causes of contact dermatitis
includes acids, alkalies, soap,
detergents, cosmetics, iodine,
petroleum products, nail polish,
lubricating oils etc

5. • Frequent contact with water and extreme
of heat and cold can also predisposed to
contact dermatitis.

6. JEWELRY DERMATITIS

7. CLINICAL
FEATURES
• ACUTE
PHASE
• SUB ACUTE
PHASE
• CHRONIC
PHASE

8. ACUTE
PHASE
• Erythema
• Itching
• Burning sensation over the affected
area
• Edema
• Formation of vesicles
• Oozing from the wound

9. SUB ACUTE
PHASE
• Crusting
• Drying
• Fissuring ( formation of
fissures)
• Skin peeling

10. CHRONIC
PHASE
• Hyper/hypo pigmentation
• Skin become thick
• Secondary infection will
occur

11. TREATMEN
T
• Local irritation should be avoided
• Avoid applying soap over the affected area
• Non medicated skin lotion should use over
the affected area
• Cool, wet dressing should be applied
• Corticosteroids and anti pruritic
ointments should be used.

12. ATOPIC
DERMATITIS
• Atopic dermatitis is a chronic relapsing
pruritic type of inflammatory sin disorder.
• More common among children

13. ETIOLOG
Y
• The exact cause is unknown
• RISK FACTORS ARE
– Elevated level of Ig E
– Increase sensitivity towards histamine
– Family history of dry skin, eczema, asthma
and allergic rhinitis

14. CLINICAL FEATURES
• Atopic dermatitis starting from infancy with
the symptoms of red, oozing, crusting rashus.
• As child grows chronic form of dermatitis will
develop which include thickened dry skin,
brownish gray colour scales and localized rash
will develop.
• As child grow older rashes will mainly over
elbow, back of knee, neck, eye lids and back of
hands and feet.

15. MANAGEMEN
T
• Apply lubricants over the skin to
avoid excessive drying and
cracking.
• Allergens should be removed
• Wet dressing should be applied
• Promote oral intake of fluids
• Antihistamines should start
• corticosteroids should start

16. Seborrheic dermatitis
• It is a chronic inflammatory disorder of
the skin which involves scalp, eye brows,
eye lids, ear canals, axilla and trunk.

17. CAUSES AND RISK
FACTORS
• The exact cause is unknown
• Patients who are taking methyldopa in
case of parkinson’s disease
• Hypertension
• Aids

18. CLINICAL
FEATURES
• Formation of yellow or white plaques
with scales and crust
• Mild pruritis
• Dandruff and erythema of scalp

19. MANAGEMEN
T
• Proper hydration of the patient
• Lubricants should be applied
• Maintain personal hygiene
• Start corticosteroids

20. Exfoliative dermatitis
• It is the skin disorder which is
characterized by excessive peeling and
shadding of the skin

21. CAUSES AND RISK
FACTORS
• The exact cause is
unknown
• Risk factors are
– Pediculosis
– Psoriasis
– Use of sulfonamides
– lymphoma

22. CLINICAL
FEATURES
• The main symptoms
are,
– Weakness
– Fever
– Malaise
– Chills
– Weight loss

23. • Other symptoms are,
– Scaling/ peeling of the
skin
– Erythema
– Pruritis
– Hair loss
– Nail loss
– dehydration

24. PATHOPHYSIOLO
GY
ETILOGY/ RISK FACTORS
INFLAMMATORY REACTION
IN SKIN ERUPTION OF SKIN
ERYTHEMA, VESICLES, PRURITIS
WILL OCCUR

25. CONTINUOUS IRRITATION AND
SCRATCHING OVER THE SKIN
LONG TERM
IRRITATION
THICKENING OF THE

26. DIAGNOSI
S
• Complete history regarding exposure to
allergens, family history of skin disease
and use of medication should be
collected.
• Scratch test and intradermal test are
used to find out the allergens.

27. THANK YOU