2. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Rice is a staple food for over 50% of the world’s population Rice consumption increases with the
population. (Kubo and Purevdoj, 2004)
FAO reported that worldwide rice production is currently expanding by 1.3%—slightly less than the
1.9% growth rate between 1984 and 1994. (FAO, 2000)
IRRI studied the food problem in relation to world population, and they predict that 800 million tons
of rice will be required in 2025. (IRRI, 2000)
Crop-yield is directly proportional to the energy input (Srivastava, 1982).
Boosting crop yield will combat the rapidly growing world population and consumption. Thus,
energy planning is crucial and requires a comprehensive analysis of energy inputs and outputs.
(Khan et al., 2009)
Philippine rice sufficiency ratio declined from 91.95 of 2014 to 88.93 of 2015. (Philippine Statistics
Authority, 2017)
Davao del Norte palay production in 2013 slid to 421,692 metric tons, lower by 6.02 percent from
the 2012 level. Area harvested at 103,294 hectares trimmed down slightly by 0.67 percent. Palay
yield, at 4.08 metric tons per hectare, dropped by 5.38%. (Philippine Statistics Authority, 2017)
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3. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Fuel and fertilizers (N and P) account for the largest share (>75%) of all energy
expenditures in a mixed cropping system (Hetz, 1992; Ahmad, 1994; Safa and
Tabatabaeefar, 2002).
In Thailand, the largest energy share is agricultural machinery (62.15%), following by
fuel (19.64%), fertilizer (20%), seeds, chemical and labor. (Chaichana, 2014)
In Malaysia, highest energy consumption is tillage (48.6%), harvesting (32.6%),
planting (15.7%). (Bockari-Gevao, SM., et al., 200%)
In Iran, highest energy input is water (38.84%), electricity (27.87%), nitrogen fertilizer
(17.5%)
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4. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study will help the researcher better understand the scope and activities
associated with rice farming in the province of Davao del Norte.
It will allow the researcher to test the cost efficiencies of rice farming and provide
relevant information and assistance to farmers to develop their practices and attain
productivity at the most economical way to become more globally competitive and
sustainable business.
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5. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
To estimate the energy usage of agricultural machinery in Davao del Norte by major
field operation such as tillage, planting, harvest and transport.
To quantify machinery use in terms of a mechanical index, energy
required/available, fuel consumption and cost per hectare.
To compare the results across municipalities and address questions about potential
future changes in machinery use.
To determine appropriate/potential energy savings of the current practices.
To perform a basic economic analysis.
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6. METHODOLOGY
Data were collected from municipalities of
Davao del Norte with one (1) hectare and
above land holdings. Three respondents
were selected to represent each
municipalities.
A pre-designed survey questionnaire were
circulated.
Rice production process was divided as land
preparation, planting, crop care and maintenance,
harvesting and post harvest process.
Production factors were labor, machinery, diesel
(direct) and seeds, fertilizers, chemical, water
(indirect)
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