WHY YOU NEED TO DO THIS COURSE? You are doctors and are well aware about current scenario. You are even taking adequate care. Then why you should do this course? 1. Friends this course aims to provide general guidance and information on how to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in the workplace, to enable staff to return to work safely while keeping the risk of contamination as low as possible. 2. It also provides ideas on how to protect mental well-being during the pandemic. 3. All General Practitioners, Consultants owning their own workplace and Freelancing Consultants can get information on how to take care while restarting medical practice, 4. Happy Doctor Foundation always helps doctors. And you will agree with us that a doctor is at MORE RISK AND IS MORE VULNERABLE TO GET INFECTION! So the more you learn, more you become wise. Isn’t it? 5. Do you know that your family’s health depends on HOW WELL YOU PROTECT YOURSELF? 6. You have nothing to lose by undergoing these course modules, so why not give it a try?

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Happy Doctor Foundation presents this helpful course in
“UNLOCKING YOUR MEDICAL PRACTICE”.
WHAT CAN YOU DO IN YOUR CLINIC TO PREVENT
CONTAMINATION AND CROSS-INFECTION?

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Disinfection and Sanitization Tips Against COVID-19:
Apart from maintaining hygiene and following the prevention tips given above, one
can also carry out the process of disinfection and sanitization to reduce the chances
of contracting the COVID-19 virus. Here are a few tips:
1. For CLINICS and HOSPITALS, one should consider decontaminating
entrance lobbies, escalators, elevators, corridors and staircases, security
guard booths, etc… Mop these surfaces using 1% sodium hypochlorite or
phenolic disinfectants for this purpose.
2. Metallic surfaces should be cleaned with 70% alcoholic solutions. These
surfaces may include security locks, keys, machines, etc…
3. Areas that are touched frequently should be cleaned at least twice a day.
These areas may include elevator call buttons, intercom systems,
tabletops, chair handles, dispensing machines, handrails/handles, etc…
Dip a cloth in 1% sodium hypochlorite and wipe the area.
Additionally, consider installing a sanitizing station for visitors. It is advised that
surroundings should be disinfected as frequently as possible. Proper protection
should be used while handling chemicals and while disinfecting the surroundings.
How to Prepare a 1% Sodium Hypochlorite Solution?

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You can prepare a 1% sodium hypochlorite solution with the help of the following
guidelines. Check the label printed on the back of an industrial solution to know the
exact amount of chemicals. Always seek professional help when in doubt.
 Product: Sodium hypochlorite – liquid bleach
 Preparation: 1 part bleach to 2.5 parts of water
 Product: Sodium hypochlorite – liquid
 Preparation: 1 part bleach to 4 parts water
 Product: NaDCC (sodium dichloroisocyanurate) powder
 Preparation: 17 grams to 1-liter water
 Product: NaDCC (1.5 g/ tablet) – tablets
 Preparation: 11 tablets to 1 litre water
 Product: Chloramine – powder
 Preparation: 80 g to 1-liter water

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 Product: Bleaching powder
 Preparation: 7g to 1-liter water Any other As per manufacturer’s Instructions
Frequently Asked Questions:
Is phenyl an effective disinfectant against coronavirus?
Yes, one can use phenolic disinfectants to reduce the risk of contamination and
transmissions of the coronavirus. Regularly cleaning i.e. wiping the floor and other
surfaces using a mop or cloth will help in disinfecting a household. Using phenyl for
disinfecting a surface is usually done in a typical Indian household. Thus, one can
safely continue to do so.
Which chemical sprays can be used for disinfecting the surroundings from
coronavirus?
A variety of chemicals can be used to effectively disinfect against COVID-19 virus.
You can spray these in your surroundings with the help of a disinfecting machine.
Here is a quick list for your reference:
> Chlorine dioxide
> Citric acid
> Ethanol
> Ethyl alcohol
> Glycolic acid
> Hydrochloric acid
> Hydrogen peroxide
> Iodine
> Isopropyl alcohol
> Lactic acid
> Phenolic
> Sodium chloride
> Quaternary ammonium
> Thymol

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Disinfectants that have the above-listed active ingredients may also come in the form
of pressurized liquid, wipes, dilutable solutions, fog/mists, etc…
Is sodium hypochlorite helpful in preventing coronavirus?
Yes, as per guidelines on disinfection of common public places issued by the
government of India, 1% sodium hypochlorite can be used for preventing coronavirus
How to kill COVID-19 from letters and other deliveries?
Recent studies show that the COVID-19 virus can survive on cardboard for a long
time. If you receive delivery in a cardboard box, remove its contents and discard the
box in a safe place. To clean the letters, dip a cloth in soapy water and gently clean
the part that you are about to handle. Wash your hands immediately after touching
deliveries and avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth during this period.
How can I sprinkle disinfectant like Sodium Hypochlorite to prevent Coronavirus?
You can use a disinfectant spray or a machine (depending upon the amount of liquid)
and spray the disinfectant directly in your surroundings.
HANDS
Wash with soap/disinfectant and warm water before and after each patient. Dry hands
with paper towel or blower.
SURFACES
Wipe your table with disinfectants e.g. Alcohol, Surgical spirits.
CLEAN TOPS OF HOSPITAL LIGHTS

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TREATMENT OF WOUNDS
If the skin bruises or bleeds after the insertion of a needle, a small pad of dry cotton wool
should be used over the area to cover it and apply pressure until the bleeding stops.. Use
disinfectant to clean area.
DISPOSAL
Sharp metal instruments e.g. needles, lancets should be placed in a sharps box after
use. When the box is about 3/4 full it may be disposed of by special arrangement.

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METAL INSTRUMENTS
Sterilized before and after each patient in Autoclave or in Glass bead sterilizer, and wipe
with Chlorhexidine Gluconate or Methylated spirits.
SKIN PREPARATION
Do not use sharp or pointed instruments on or at least near areas of a patient's skin that
are obviously diseased, infected or inflamed.
Sterilizing equipment is a vital element of modern medical care since patients come in contact
with surgical tools, syringes and bandages all the time. To ensure the medical safety of your
patients, medical practitioners and the environment, you must use medical equipment safely
— this includes keeping them clean and sterilized. Thorough and effective cleaning of these
important equipment pieces is necessary to avoid the possibility of disease spreading from
patient to patient.
Here we explore how to sterilize medical equipment, including the benefits of doing so and
methods and accessories used to carry out the sterilization process.
Benefits of Sterilizing Medical Equipment

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With invasive procedures, there's contact between a patient's mucous membranes or sterile
tissue and a surgical instrument or medical device. A significant risk of these types of
procedures is introducing pathogenic microbes, potentially resulting in infection. When you
don't properly disinfect or sterilize medical equipment, it increases the risk of infection due to
the breach of host barriers.
Some benefits of sterilizing medical equipment include:
1. It eliminates pus, blood, foreign particles and dirt left behind that could lead to
dangerous complications for the next patient requiring surgery where the medical
practitioner uses the instrument.
2. It decreases bioburden -- the number of non-sterilized bacteria living on a surface.
3. It prevents the corrosion of expensive and highly precise tools that have delicate
pivots and hinges.
4. It removes the breeding ground for the surviving germs.
5. It ensures the safe transport of equipment needing to be packed and assembled for
sterilization or disinfection.
Sterilization and disinfection, when properly used, can ensure the safe use of non-invasive and
invasive medical devices.
How to Sterilize Medical Equipment
1. Cleaning: Cleaning must always come before high-level sterilization or disinfection.
2. Disinfecting: This is the second step and can involve using liquid chemicals are used
to kill non-spore forming bacteria.
3. Sterilizing: You can employ several methods of sterilization to kill disease-causing
microorganisms and eradicate transmissible agents, like bacteria and spores.
The level of sterilization or disinfection is dependent on how you intend to use the objects.
Whether equipment requires high-level sterilization, low-level disinfection or high-level
disinfection depends on where it falls in these three categories:
1. Critical objects: An example includes surgical instruments that come in contact with
sterile tissue.

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2. Semicritical objects: An example includes endoscopes that come in contact with
mucous membranes.
3. Noncritical objects: An example includes stethoscopes that come in contact with only
intact skin.
You must consider the benefits and disadvantages of specific techniques when choosing a
sterilization or disinfection process. When you adhere to these recommendations, you should
improve sterilization and disinfection practices in hospitals and other healthcare facilities,
thereby decreasing infections linked with contaminated patient-care objects.