The document provides information on using passive voice constructions in English including be + past participle, continuous tenses, perfect tenses, passive voice with modals, and using the passive voice in simple, continuous, and perfect aspects. Examples are given for forming sentences in the active and passive voice for each grammatical construction.

2.  To emphasize the object receiving the action
◦ Jim was selected for a free gift.
 To emphasize the action instead of the actor
◦ Our car was repaired by our friend.
 When the agent (doer) is unknown
◦ Her purse was stolen last night.
 When the agent (doer) is unimportant
◦ Housing prices were raised again last month.
 To be tactful by not naming the agent
◦ The remote was misplaced again!

3. Be + Past Participle (V-ed / III-rd form)
Be
Simple Continuous Perfect
am/is/are am/is/are being have/has been
was/were was/were being had been
will be will have been

4.  In Continuous tenses
being + Past Participle
More homes are being built this year.
 In Perfect tenses
have / has been + Past participle
Gifts have been given out already.
 With modals
modal + be + past participle – (by)
My sister should be told about the party.

5. Active
 V
I write it
 V-ed (V2)
I wrote it
 will V
I will write it
Passive
 am/is/are + V-ed /
V3
It is written
 was/were + V-ed / V3
It was written
 will be + V-ed / V3
It will be written

6. Active Passive
 I walk the dogs
everyday.
 Millions of people
watched the series.
 People will write many
letters to the President.
 The dogs are walked
every day.
 The series was watched
by millions of people.
 Many letters will be
written to the
President.

7.  They produce toys.
 We sometimes buy books.
 They wrote the letters.
 We built the house ourselves.
 He will buy the book.
 I will make the breakfast.
 Somebody threw a shoe at him.

8. Active
 am/is/ are V-ing
I am writing a letter
 was/were V-ing
I was writing a letter
 will be V-ing
I will be writing a letter
Passive
 am/is/are + V-ed / V3
A letter is being written by me
 was/were + being + V-ed / V3
A letter was being written by me
 will be +V-ed / V3
A letter will be written by me

9. Active Passive
 I am walking the dogs.
 Millions of people were
watching the series.
 People will be writing
many letters to the
President.
 The dogs are being
walked.
 The series was being
watched by millions of
people.
 Many letters will be
written to the President.

10.  John and Mandy are cleaning the kitchen.
 The children are watching TV now.
 They are swapping pictures.
 He is writing a letter now.
 Somebody is riding his bike.
 I was reading a detective story.
 We were saving money for a new computer.
 They were making muffins.
 Someone was feeding the ducks.
 At nine I will be watching the news.

11. Active
 have/ has + V-ed / V3
I have written a letter
 had V-ed / V3
I had written a letter
 will have V-ed / V3
I will have written a letter
Passive
 have + been + V-ed / V3
A letter has been written
 had + been + V-ed / V3
A letter had been written
 will be + V-ed / V3
A letter will have been written

12. Active Passive
 I have walked the dogs
already.
 Millions of people had
watched the Series.
 People will have written
many letters to the
President.
 The dogs have been
walked already.
 The series had been
watched by millions of
people.
 Many letters will have
been written to the
President.

13.  I have already prepared supper.
 She hasn’t done her homework yet.
 I have seen that movie before.
 She had not met her friend.
 We had bought all the Christmas presents.
 We had bought a house.
 We will have met Julie.
 I will have finished this book.
 She'll have cooked dinner.

14. 1. Peter was called by the headmaster.
2. Lots of CDs can be downloaded from the Internet.
3. We were advised not to drink fizzy drinks.
4. Why haven’t we been told about your engagement?
5. Portuguese is spoken in Brazil.
6. The candies were taken by the boy.
7. Nobody will help you with the housework.
8. Essays can be sent to the teacher by email.
9. Useless objects must be thrown away.
10. The meeting had been cancelled when we arrived.

15. 1) Grandfather is telling the children a story.
2) People make jam from fruit.
3) They will open the new sports centre soon.
4) Andrew hasn't cut the grass yet.
5) Her mother woke Alice up at seven o'clock.
6) The boys walk the dog every day.
7) Sue asked the waiter to bring some water.
8) Her parents may not believe her excuse.
9) An expert has valued the painting.

16. 10) The hotel provides hot water 24 hours a day.
11) A boy delivers our newspaper every morning.
12) Several important art critics attended the meeting.
13) A designer in Paris will make her wedding dress.
14) He likes when people give him presents.
15) The company has published an interesting book.
16) They invited us to a concert last Sunday.
17) People gather mushrooms in autumn.

17. 1. My father has been give the sack.
2. It’s expect Peter to pass his exams.
3. Nothing has been done to solve the problem by anybody.
4. Will the project be tackled as soon as possible?
5. She was thought to award the Oscar.
6. Susan is made help at home on Saturdays.
7. Was Tom allow to go to the concert?
8. The party had be organized by the Mayor.
9. A meeting is hold by them every year.
10. Candidates are believed to been honest.

18. Sara Ford kidnapped /
yesterday.
Threatening calls made
/ before.
Sarah seen / last /
park.
Same day / letter sent.
Sarah released / as
soon as / kidnappers given
$300,000.
Police informed /
immediately.
All areas searched /
since yesterday.
Nothing found / so far.