5G technology was launched in India in October 2022 and is being expanded rapidly nationwide. 5G will require many experts for research and development as well as to service customers from various industries including the military, businesses, and individual users. Students should prepare themselves to take advantage of career opportunities in the growing 5G sector. The document provides an overview of 5G technology, how it is an improvement over 4G, potential applications such as smart cities and virtual reality, challenges involved in its implementation including managing high data volumes and using higher frequency bands, and the current status of 5G's rollout in India.
5G is the fifth generation technology standard for cellular networks, which cellular phone companies began deploying worldwide in 2019, the planned successor to the 4G networks which provide connectivity to most current cellphones.
With 4G already in implementation, and 5G knocking the doors of the telecom industry.
So, how will this technology disrupt the industry and what all it holds for the future?
5G is the fifth generation technology standard for cellular networks, which cellular phone companies began deploying worldwide in 2019, the planned successor to the 4G networks which provide connectivity to most current cellphones.
With 4G already in implementation, and 5G knocking the doors of the telecom industry.
So, how will this technology disrupt the industry and what all it holds for the future?
This is a presentation on topic 5G technology. This ppt contains the following topics:-
Introduction to 5G, 4G V/s 5G, Speed of 5G, Concept, hardware and software of 5G, features, advantages, applications and conclusion.
In networking terminology, wireless is the term used to describe any computer network where there is no physical wired connection between sender and receiver, but rather the network is connected by radio waves and/or microwaves to maintain communications. Wireless system includes different generations of wireless technology - 1G, 2G, 2.5G, 3G, 4G and 5G.
In this presentation, we embark on a journey through the evolution of cellular networks, tracing their roots from 1G to the current pinnacle of technology, 5G. We delve into the intricacies of 5G, exploring its foundational principles, technical workings, and the myriad advantages it brings, from lightning-fast data speeds to enabling groundbreaking applications in augmented reality, the Internet of Things, and beyond. However, no exploration of 5G is complete without addressing concerns and misconceptions. We confront conspiracy theories surrounding 5G, including alleged health risks and unfounded associations with the COVID-19 pandemic. By the end, participants will gain a holistic understanding of 5G's transformative potential, appreciating its benefits while dispelling myths that may cloud its advancement.
In this Presentation explained about the Unit 5 - 4G Networks and Beyond concepts for third year ECE students, which makes very clear to understand all the Generation networks and its features and applications. Hope it will be useful to all student community.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
This is a presentation on topic 5G technology. This ppt contains the following topics:-
Introduction to 5G, 4G V/s 5G, Speed of 5G, Concept, hardware and software of 5G, features, advantages, applications and conclusion.
In networking terminology, wireless is the term used to describe any computer network where there is no physical wired connection between sender and receiver, but rather the network is connected by radio waves and/or microwaves to maintain communications. Wireless system includes different generations of wireless technology - 1G, 2G, 2.5G, 3G, 4G and 5G.
In this presentation, we embark on a journey through the evolution of cellular networks, tracing their roots from 1G to the current pinnacle of technology, 5G. We delve into the intricacies of 5G, exploring its foundational principles, technical workings, and the myriad advantages it brings, from lightning-fast data speeds to enabling groundbreaking applications in augmented reality, the Internet of Things, and beyond. However, no exploration of 5G is complete without addressing concerns and misconceptions. We confront conspiracy theories surrounding 5G, including alleged health risks and unfounded associations with the COVID-19 pandemic. By the end, participants will gain a holistic understanding of 5G's transformative potential, appreciating its benefits while dispelling myths that may cloud its advancement.
In this Presentation explained about the Unit 5 - 4G Networks and Beyond concepts for third year ECE students, which makes very clear to understand all the Generation networks and its features and applications. Hope it will be useful to all student community.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
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Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
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Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
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introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
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accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
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2. Why 5G in Academic?
Event:
• 5G services were launched in India during October 2022
• 5G is being expanded on war footing throughout the nation
Future Scenario:
• Expected customers of 5G market;
• Various Industries
• Military force
• Ordinary telephone/internet users
• Future 5G market needs 5G experts in large numbers for;
• Research & Development in 5G
• Service to 5G customers
Action:
• Students need to be skilled to grab this Golden Opportunity in 5G arena
Thematic flow of 5G into Academic:
3. • Overview of 5G Technology
• What makeup 5G
• How 5G is better than 4G
• Potential Applications of 5G
• Challenges in 5G
• 5G in India
Outlines
4. • 5G: 5th Generation mobile network
• 5G is a new global wireless standard after 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G
networks
• 5G was commercialized in 2019
• No company or person invented or owns 5G
• There are several companies within the mobile ecosystem
that are contributing to bringing 5G to life Challenges
• 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the industry
organization that defines the global specifications for 3G
UMTS (including HSPA), 4G LTE, and 5G technologies
Overview of 5G Technology
Introduction:
6. Technology:
• Based on OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)
• It also uses wider bandwidth technologies such as sub-6 GHz and mmWave
Frequency Specifications:
• Can operate in both lower bands (e.g., sub-6 GHz) as well as mmWave (e.g., 24 GHz and
up)
• In India now: sub-6 GHz
• This will bring extreme capacity, multi-Gbps throughput, and low latency
Operation:
• Not only faster and better than 4G, but can be expanded to mission-critical
communications and connecting the massive IoT
What make up 5G?
3 Key Points:
7. 5G is a Unified Platform that is more capable than 4G
• Not only for Broadband Telephone but also for mission-critical communications and
connecting the massive IoT
• Supports all Spectrum types (licensed, shared, unlicensed) and bands (low, mid, high)
5G uses Spectrum Better than 4G
• Can use in bands - from low bands below 1 GHz, to mid bands from 1 GHz to 6 GHz, to high
bands known as millimeter wave (mmWave).
5G is Faster than 4G:
• Delivers up to 20 Gigabits-per-second (Gbps) peak data rates and 100+ Megabits-per-
second (Mbps) average data rates
5G has More Capacity than 4G
• Support a 100x increase in traffic capacity and network efficiency
5G has Lower Latency than 4G
• 10x decrease in end-to-end latency
How 5G is better than 4G?
8. Potential Applications of 5G
Video Game
Live Streaming
Smart Buildings
And Cities
Remote
Health Monitoring
Industry Connection
And Automation
Augmented and
Virtual Reality
Autonomous
Vehicles
9. Challenges in 5G
Frequency Bands:
• 5G NR: for sub-6 GHz and millimeter-wave range
• Design of hardware at millimeter waves are much complex than low frequency
range
• To support interoperability -> Needs multiband -> Addition of more band increases
complexity
High Data Volume:
• To support high resolution video calling, live streaming, downloading -> huge
volume data support is required
MIMO Technology:
• For High data speed -> MIMO/massive MIMO is need -> Algorithms becomes complex
Key Challenges:
10. Challenges in 5G
Beamforming:
• Complex task to locate each devices under a particular
cell
• Needs high level processing at base stations High Data
Volume:
• To support high resolution video calling, live streaming,
downloading -> huge volume data support is required
D2D Communication:
• Complex data transmission protocols required to implement this
Ultra Low Latency:
• Latency less than 1 millisecond is required - else
critical services to be affected
Security and Privacy:
• Ensuring end-to-end security and privacy among multiples
devices is challenging
Key Challenges:
11. 5G in India
Officially launched in October 2022
Players: Reliance Jio and Airtel
As of December 2022: 5G launched in 387 Districts
December 2024: Target to achieve 100% 5G coverage
Jio -> 5G standalone (SA) network, Airtel -> 5G non-standalone (NSA) network
Status of 5G in India:
