Researchers found several connections between diet, medications, body composition, and risk of kidney stone formation:
1) Higher total caloric intake was independently associated with increased risk of stones in women, even after adjusting for obesity. Regulating daily calorie intake may reduce stone risk.
2) Meat-heavy diets were linked to higher stone risk, while diets high in fresh fruits, fiber, magnesium, iron and potassium reduced risk. Vegetarian diets had lower risk than high-meat diets.
3) Use of statin medications to treat high cholesterol was associated with lower stone risk, especially in women. However, high cholesterol itself was tied to higher stone risk.
4)
Cancer 101 provides an overview of cancer including definitions, statistics, risk factors, and lifestyle measures for prevention. It reviews that cancer is abnormal cell growth, the second leading cause of death, and risk is increased by certain lifestyle behaviors like poor nutrition, lack of exercise, stress, sleep issues, and toxic exposures. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle through diet, exercise, managing stress, adequate sleep, and avoiding toxins can help lower cancer risks.
This document discusses nutrition considerations for recreational athletes. It covers several topics:
- Nutrition can help reduce and prevent pain or injury, facilitate healing, enhance performance, and maximize health for recreational athletes. Specific factors discussed include caloric intake, hydration, macronutrient consumption, supplementation, and inflammation/perfusion as they relate to joint health and performance.
- Body weight, obesity, and resulting inflammation are significant risk factors for pain and injury. Maintaining a healthy weight through calorie reduction and increased consumption of plant-based foods can help reduce biomechanical load on joints and lower inflammatory markers.
- Proper nutrition and reduced consumption of high-fat, high-cholesterol meals can enhance perfusion and blood
This document discusses the link between diabetes and cancer. It notes that cancer and diabetes are diagnosed together more frequently than expected by chance. Several risk factors are shared between the two diseases, including age, diet, obesity, and lifestyle factors. The document explores how insulin and IGF-1 may influence cancer development via their effects on cell growth pathways. It reviews evidence on the effects of different diabetes medications, including some studies that found certain insulin analogs may increase cancer risk. Several cohort studies on the cancer risks of insulin glargine are also summarized.
Dr Pradeep Jain Reviews, Fortis Hospital - Why, Who, When and What of Weight ...Dr Pradeep Jain Reviews
Dr Pradeep Jain Reviews, Fortis Hospital - Why, Who, When and What of Weight Loss. Dr Pradeep Jain Fortis has wide experience of Gastroenterology Surgery.
This document discusses the relationship between obesity and cancer. It notes that cancer causes more deaths worldwide than malaria, tuberculosis, HIV, or childhood diarrhea combined. Obesity is a leading cause of several types of cancer. Randomized controlled trials have shown that intentional weight loss reduces levels of inflammatory markers like CRP that are implicated in cancer development. Understanding the biological mechanisms such as hormones, growth factors, and inflammation linking obesity to cancer can help identify targets for prevention through lifestyle changes and weight management.
Cancer 101 provides an overview of cancer including definitions, statistics, risk factors, and lifestyle measures for prevention. It reviews that cancer is abnormal cell growth, the second leading cause of death, and risk is increased by certain lifestyle behaviors like poor nutrition, lack of exercise, stress, sleep issues, and toxic exposures. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle through diet, exercise, managing stress, adequate sleep, and avoiding toxins can help lower cancer risks.
This document discusses nutrition considerations for recreational athletes. It covers several topics:
- Nutrition can help reduce and prevent pain or injury, facilitate healing, enhance performance, and maximize health for recreational athletes. Specific factors discussed include caloric intake, hydration, macronutrient consumption, supplementation, and inflammation/perfusion as they relate to joint health and performance.
- Body weight, obesity, and resulting inflammation are significant risk factors for pain and injury. Maintaining a healthy weight through calorie reduction and increased consumption of plant-based foods can help reduce biomechanical load on joints and lower inflammatory markers.
- Proper nutrition and reduced consumption of high-fat, high-cholesterol meals can enhance perfusion and blood
This document discusses the link between diabetes and cancer. It notes that cancer and diabetes are diagnosed together more frequently than expected by chance. Several risk factors are shared between the two diseases, including age, diet, obesity, and lifestyle factors. The document explores how insulin and IGF-1 may influence cancer development via their effects on cell growth pathways. It reviews evidence on the effects of different diabetes medications, including some studies that found certain insulin analogs may increase cancer risk. Several cohort studies on the cancer risks of insulin glargine are also summarized.
Dr Pradeep Jain Reviews, Fortis Hospital - Why, Who, When and What of Weight ...Dr Pradeep Jain Reviews
Dr Pradeep Jain Reviews, Fortis Hospital - Why, Who, When and What of Weight Loss. Dr Pradeep Jain Fortis has wide experience of Gastroenterology Surgery.
This document discusses the relationship between obesity and cancer. It notes that cancer causes more deaths worldwide than malaria, tuberculosis, HIV, or childhood diarrhea combined. Obesity is a leading cause of several types of cancer. Randomized controlled trials have shown that intentional weight loss reduces levels of inflammatory markers like CRP that are implicated in cancer development. Understanding the biological mechanisms such as hormones, growth factors, and inflammation linking obesity to cancer can help identify targets for prevention through lifestyle changes and weight management.
Sanni Ali's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Antidiabetic medication use and the risk of fracture amongst type 2 diabetic patients: a nested case-control study
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
This document discusses the relationship between excess body weight, metabolic risk factors, and pancreatic cancer. It summarizes several meta-analyses and prospective cohort studies that found increased risks of pancreatic cancer associated with higher BMI, diabetes, and blood glucose levels. Specifically, a BMI over 30 was associated with a 6-12 times increased risk of pancreatic cancer. Diabetes was also found to double the risk of pancreatic cancer. Multiple biomarkers related to inflammation and glucose metabolism were also found to correlate with higher risks of pancreatic cancer. However, the document notes that the exact mechanisms linking metabolic factors and pancreatic cancer require further study.
1) The document summarizes a presentation on the relationships between obesity, physical activity, and colorectal cancer risk and outcomes.
2) It discusses how increased BMI is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer in a gender- and site-specific manner, and how weight gain, especially in early adulthood, can increase colon cancer risk.
3) It also reviews how measurements of waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio may be associated with colorectal cancer risk independent of BMI, and how analyses of cancer survival have shown mixed results depending on whether BMI is measured before or after cancer diagnosis.
This document summarizes research on the relationships between obesity, physical activity, and breast cancer risk and prognosis. It finds that obesity is positively associated with breast cancer risk and mortality in postmenopausal women. Physical activity is associated with reduced breast cancer risk and improved survival. Obesity may influence breast cancer through increased estrogen levels, insulin resistance, and inflammation. Weight loss interventions show improvements in relevant biomarkers and health outcomes for breast cancer survivors. The ENERGY trial aims to test if weight loss counseling improves weight and physical functioning in breast cancer survivors.
This study evaluated the relationship between obesity, diet, physical activity and breast cancer risk in Thai women. The study involved 1,130 breast cancer patients and 1,142 healthy controls. It found that obesity (BMI over 25) was associated with a higher risk of breast cancer, especially in postmenopausal women. Underweight BMI in childhood and adolescence showed a decreased risk. Regular physical activity, especially walking, was linked to a lower breast cancer risk. High fruit and vegetable intake reduced risk while high animal fat increased risk in postmenopausal women. The study suggests obesity and diet influence breast cancer risk in Thai women.
This document summarizes a presentation on racial and ethnic differences in obesity given by Professor TH Lam. Some key points:
- Asians generally have higher body fat percentage at a given BMI compared to Caucasians. The same is true for different ethnic groups within Asia.
- Studies show associations between obesity measures like BMI, waist circumference, and body fat percentage with health risks like diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, more data is needed comparing different ethnic groups using standardized methods.
- Factors like socioeconomic development and differences between populations in different regions/countries may help explain some ethnic/racial differences in obesity and health risks. Considering populations at different stages of obesity epidemics is also important.
An award-winning financial advisor supports the American Institute for Cancer Research. A new study published in The Lancet Oncology found that nearly half a million cancer cases worldwide in 2012 were linked to obesity. The study also found that obesity-related cancers like breast, colorectal, and ovarian cancer more commonly impact women, and that almost 25 percent of obesity-related cancer cases occurred in North America.
Obesity has been linked to the increased risk and aggressiveness of many types of carcinoma. A state of chronic inflammation in adipose tissue, resulting in genotoxic stress, may contribute to carcinogenesis and cancer initiation. This presentation summarises the possible link between obesity and cancer.
The document discusses diabetes mellitus and fracture risk. It notes that type 2 diabetes affects over 700,000 people in the Netherlands and is associated with higher bone mineral density but also more rapid bone loss over time. While type 2 diabetes is initially linked to higher bone density due to factors like higher body weight, studies have shown those with type 2 diabetes have a 1.7 times higher risk of hip fractures and 1.2 times higher risk of any fracture after adjusting for characteristics like age, body mass index and bone mineral density. The increased fracture risk in type 2 diabetes may be due to factors beyond bone mineral density, such as changes in bone microarchitecture, turnover and material properties from excess glucose.
- The document discusses an integrated approach to cancer prevention and treatment through lifestyle changes.
- It presents a model showing how lifestyle factors like nutrition, exercise, stress, and social support can affect cancer development over many years and influence whether cancer progresses or not.
- Evidence from studies on nutrition, exercise, stress management, and social support suggest that adopting a healthy lifestyle may reduce cancer risk and slow cancer progression. The Prostate Cancer Lifestyle Trial found significant benefits of lifestyle changes for men with early-stage prostate cancer.
Slides from Alan Jackson's presentation on the Cancer and Nutrition NIHR infrastructure collaboration at Obesity, Physical Activity & Cancer: Life course influences and mechanisms
Epidemiological evidence linking food, nutrition, physical activity and prostate cancer risk: results from the Continuous Update Project
By Michael Leitzmann, Dept. of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Continuous Update Project Panel member
World Cancer Congress, Saturday 6 December 2014
Metabolic abnormalities observed in osteoarthritis of knee: A single center e...Apollo Hospitals
Osteoarthritis (OA) has become a major public health problem not only because of increasing prevalence worldwide (about 21 million people affected in the United States) but also frequent association with cardiovascular diseases-the leading cause of death in the industrialized countries.
This document presents alternative free and open source software programs that can be used instead of Microsoft Office programs. It provides a table comparing Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Outlook alternatives such as AbiWord, Gnumeric, KPresenter, Thunderbird, Zimbra and IncrediMail. For each alternative, it lists key features and the author's opinion on ease of use and functionality. The overall document aims to raise awareness of free Microsoft Office alternatives.
This document summarizes the post-production process for the film "Cries Wolf" using Final Cut Pro. It discusses organizing footage in chronological order, experimenting with transitions, and selecting the best footage for the timeline. Sound effects like heartbeats and doors were added to build tension and realism. Music choices aimed to excite or inspire like "Pjanoo" for a party scene. Visual effects with blurs and distortions manipulated footage to convey characters' drugged states of mind.
Este documento resume las funciones vitales de los animales, incluyendo la nutrición, la relación y la reproducción. Describe los componentes básicos de la nutrición animal como agua, proteínas, lípidos, azúcares, ácidos nucleicos y sales minerales. Además, distingue entre herbívoros y carnívoros y explica los procesos de digestión mecánica y química. Por último, resume los procesos de respiración y la eliminación de desechos a través del sudor, la orina y las
Sanni Ali's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Antidiabetic medication use and the risk of fracture amongst type 2 diabetic patients: a nested case-control study
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
This document discusses the relationship between excess body weight, metabolic risk factors, and pancreatic cancer. It summarizes several meta-analyses and prospective cohort studies that found increased risks of pancreatic cancer associated with higher BMI, diabetes, and blood glucose levels. Specifically, a BMI over 30 was associated with a 6-12 times increased risk of pancreatic cancer. Diabetes was also found to double the risk of pancreatic cancer. Multiple biomarkers related to inflammation and glucose metabolism were also found to correlate with higher risks of pancreatic cancer. However, the document notes that the exact mechanisms linking metabolic factors and pancreatic cancer require further study.
1) The document summarizes a presentation on the relationships between obesity, physical activity, and colorectal cancer risk and outcomes.
2) It discusses how increased BMI is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer in a gender- and site-specific manner, and how weight gain, especially in early adulthood, can increase colon cancer risk.
3) It also reviews how measurements of waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio may be associated with colorectal cancer risk independent of BMI, and how analyses of cancer survival have shown mixed results depending on whether BMI is measured before or after cancer diagnosis.
This document summarizes research on the relationships between obesity, physical activity, and breast cancer risk and prognosis. It finds that obesity is positively associated with breast cancer risk and mortality in postmenopausal women. Physical activity is associated with reduced breast cancer risk and improved survival. Obesity may influence breast cancer through increased estrogen levels, insulin resistance, and inflammation. Weight loss interventions show improvements in relevant biomarkers and health outcomes for breast cancer survivors. The ENERGY trial aims to test if weight loss counseling improves weight and physical functioning in breast cancer survivors.
This study evaluated the relationship between obesity, diet, physical activity and breast cancer risk in Thai women. The study involved 1,130 breast cancer patients and 1,142 healthy controls. It found that obesity (BMI over 25) was associated with a higher risk of breast cancer, especially in postmenopausal women. Underweight BMI in childhood and adolescence showed a decreased risk. Regular physical activity, especially walking, was linked to a lower breast cancer risk. High fruit and vegetable intake reduced risk while high animal fat increased risk in postmenopausal women. The study suggests obesity and diet influence breast cancer risk in Thai women.
This document summarizes a presentation on racial and ethnic differences in obesity given by Professor TH Lam. Some key points:
- Asians generally have higher body fat percentage at a given BMI compared to Caucasians. The same is true for different ethnic groups within Asia.
- Studies show associations between obesity measures like BMI, waist circumference, and body fat percentage with health risks like diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, more data is needed comparing different ethnic groups using standardized methods.
- Factors like socioeconomic development and differences between populations in different regions/countries may help explain some ethnic/racial differences in obesity and health risks. Considering populations at different stages of obesity epidemics is also important.
An award-winning financial advisor supports the American Institute for Cancer Research. A new study published in The Lancet Oncology found that nearly half a million cancer cases worldwide in 2012 were linked to obesity. The study also found that obesity-related cancers like breast, colorectal, and ovarian cancer more commonly impact women, and that almost 25 percent of obesity-related cancer cases occurred in North America.
Obesity has been linked to the increased risk and aggressiveness of many types of carcinoma. A state of chronic inflammation in adipose tissue, resulting in genotoxic stress, may contribute to carcinogenesis and cancer initiation. This presentation summarises the possible link between obesity and cancer.
The document discusses diabetes mellitus and fracture risk. It notes that type 2 diabetes affects over 700,000 people in the Netherlands and is associated with higher bone mineral density but also more rapid bone loss over time. While type 2 diabetes is initially linked to higher bone density due to factors like higher body weight, studies have shown those with type 2 diabetes have a 1.7 times higher risk of hip fractures and 1.2 times higher risk of any fracture after adjusting for characteristics like age, body mass index and bone mineral density. The increased fracture risk in type 2 diabetes may be due to factors beyond bone mineral density, such as changes in bone microarchitecture, turnover and material properties from excess glucose.
- The document discusses an integrated approach to cancer prevention and treatment through lifestyle changes.
- It presents a model showing how lifestyle factors like nutrition, exercise, stress, and social support can affect cancer development over many years and influence whether cancer progresses or not.
- Evidence from studies on nutrition, exercise, stress management, and social support suggest that adopting a healthy lifestyle may reduce cancer risk and slow cancer progression. The Prostate Cancer Lifestyle Trial found significant benefits of lifestyle changes for men with early-stage prostate cancer.
Slides from Alan Jackson's presentation on the Cancer and Nutrition NIHR infrastructure collaboration at Obesity, Physical Activity & Cancer: Life course influences and mechanisms
Epidemiological evidence linking food, nutrition, physical activity and prostate cancer risk: results from the Continuous Update Project
By Michael Leitzmann, Dept. of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Continuous Update Project Panel member
World Cancer Congress, Saturday 6 December 2014
Metabolic abnormalities observed in osteoarthritis of knee: A single center e...Apollo Hospitals
Osteoarthritis (OA) has become a major public health problem not only because of increasing prevalence worldwide (about 21 million people affected in the United States) but also frequent association with cardiovascular diseases-the leading cause of death in the industrialized countries.
This document presents alternative free and open source software programs that can be used instead of Microsoft Office programs. It provides a table comparing Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Outlook alternatives such as AbiWord, Gnumeric, KPresenter, Thunderbird, Zimbra and IncrediMail. For each alternative, it lists key features and the author's opinion on ease of use and functionality. The overall document aims to raise awareness of free Microsoft Office alternatives.
This document summarizes the post-production process for the film "Cries Wolf" using Final Cut Pro. It discusses organizing footage in chronological order, experimenting with transitions, and selecting the best footage for the timeline. Sound effects like heartbeats and doors were added to build tension and realism. Music choices aimed to excite or inspire like "Pjanoo" for a party scene. Visual effects with blurs and distortions manipulated footage to convey characters' drugged states of mind.
Este documento resume las funciones vitales de los animales, incluyendo la nutrición, la relación y la reproducción. Describe los componentes básicos de la nutrición animal como agua, proteínas, lípidos, azúcares, ácidos nucleicos y sales minerales. Además, distingue entre herbívoros y carnívoros y explica los procesos de digestión mecánica y química. Por último, resume los procesos de respiración y la eliminación de desechos a través del sudor, la orina y las
This document summarizes a student's lab work analyzing a rock sample. It includes 11 figures showing the tools and equipment used including a rock saw, thin section grinding machine, epoxy station, and hand sanding station. It also shows photomicrographs of the thin section under a microscope focusing on plagioclase crystals. Diagrams include a QAP diagram and albite-anorthite solid solution phase diagram. The student analyzes the oscillatory zoning in plagioclase and references are provided.
This document provides information about telling time in English. It includes:
1. The terms used to express parts of the hour before and after o'clock, such as past, to, quarter past/to.
2. Examples of times expressed in English, such as "It's five past one".
3. Definitions of morning, afternoon, and evening as parts of the day.
The document is a message sending 10 roses with wishes to a special person. Each rose represents a different wish - for friendship, love, wealth, happiness, success, knowledge, beauty, family, honesty, and a long healthy life. It encourages the recipient to pass the message on to others. It claims that sending the message to more people will result in the wishes coming true sooner - within a year if sent to 2 people, within 3 months if sent to 5 people, or as soon as tomorrow if sent to 15 or more people. While not superstitious, it says it's nice to send flowers to people you care about.
This document discusses a case-control study examining the relationship between sugar intake and pancreatic cancer risk in Lebanese adults aged 50-80 years. It provides background on pancreatic cancer statistics globally and in Lebanon. Previous studies have found associations between high glycemic load/index diets and pancreatic cancer risk, particularly for inactive/overweight individuals. Prospective cohort studies have also linked greater consumption of sugar-sweetened foods and beverages to higher pancreatic cancer risk. The proposed case-control study will examine pancreatic cancer patients' diets to determine if sugar intake is associated with disease development.
This document provides information on cancer prevention and screening strategies. It discusses overall prevention approaches, strategies for specific cancers like breast and lung, and where to find screening guidelines. Key websites for cancer prevention and statistics are listed. The document discusses estimating cancer risk based on lifestyle factors like diet, exercise and smoking. It provides cancer statistics in the US and probabilities of developing different cancers. Screening is recommended only when proven beneficial and cost-effective. Healthy lifestyle choices can significantly reduce cancer and other disease risks.
This document discusses the relationship between diet and cancer incidence based on various studies. It notes that early estimates suggested 35% of cancer deaths in the US could be prevented by dietary changes. Dietary factors like fat intake and consumption of fruits and vegetables have been examined in many epidemiological studies but results have been mixed, with some associations found but none described as conclusively proven. The complexity of diet makes definitively linking individual foods to cancer risk difficult.
The document summarizes research on changing trends in kidney stone disease epidemiology. It finds that the prevalence of kidney stones has increased in both men and women in recent decades, with the largest increase seen in women. This has narrowed the historical gender gap in stone disease. Potential factors explored include changes in diet, obesity rates, and other lifestyle and environmental influences. The summary explores how these factors may differentially impact stone risk between men and women and across age groups.
impact of fast food consumption on the diet of adults.Fariha Ijaz
This literature review examines the effects of fast food consumption on the health of adults. It summarizes findings from multiple studies that used fast food consumption and diet as variables. The studies found that fast food intake is associated with higher calorie consumption, lower diet quality, and increased risk of overweight and obesity. Fast food was also linked to worse nutrition profiles and negative health outcomes like increased insulin levels and weight gain. Overall, the literature review concludes that fast food consumption has adverse impacts on the health of adults.
This document provides an overview of kidney stone pathophysiology, evaluation, and management. It discusses how kidney stones form from crystallization of urinary solutes, and notes increasing rates of kidney stones. Evaluation involves analyzing urine and stone composition to identify underlying causes and direct treatment. Management aims to modify risk factors and limit future stone events, often requiring a multidisciplinary team. The risk of recurrence is high, so lifelong surveillance is important.
4 The Obesity Epidemic And Kidney Disease A Literature ReviewJanelle Martinez
This document discusses how obesity can directly and indirectly cause kidney disease. Direct effects include changes in renal hemodynamics and glomerular abnormalities found on biopsy in obese patients even without other risk factors. Adipokines released by body fat play a role by inducing inflammation and glomerular hypertension. Obesity is also associated with conditions like diabetes and hypertension that can compromise renal function. Large cohort studies show obesity is an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease.
Obesity is now clearly established as a major risk factor for endometrial cancer.
In medium income country like ours , Obesity prevention and lifestyle initiatives should become the responsibility of public health services. Stepwise programmes with realistic time-related goals are required, starting with modification of lifestyle, progressing to pharmacotherapy and ultimately obesity surgery.
The real challenge now is to triage those women at a higher risk and offer them prophylactic measures as COCPs ,DMPA, oral progesterone or Mirena coil.
Standard treatment for endometrial cancer is surgery.
Obesity is associated with numerous disorders which put the patient at increase risk of peri-operative complications that require more detailed pre-operative assessment and more intensive post-operative care.
Thus treatment for endometrial cancer needs to be reassessed in the complex and increasingly common situation of the obese, older women with this disease.
1) Fatty liver, measured using CT scans, was present in 17% of participants.
2) Fatty liver was associated with higher risk of diabetes, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and insulin resistance even after accounting for other measures of obesity like BMI and visceral fat.
3) Fatty liver was also linked to dyslipidemia (higher triglycerides and lower HDL) and dysglycemia (impaired fasting glucose) independent of other fat depots.
This document discusses malnutrition screening using the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) in various healthcare settings in the UK. It reports that malnutrition affects over 3 million people in the UK, with most cases occurring in the community rather than hospitals. MUST screening data has found malnutrition risk prevalence of approximately 28% in UK hospitals, 16-21% in outpatient clinics, 10-12% in sheltered housing, 30-42% in care homes, and an estimated 4.8% in GP surgeries. The document also discusses associations between malnutrition risk and deprivation as well as healthcare outcomes and costs.
Taking account of research around the relationship between genetics and our new ‘food environment’, Dr Robyn Toomath (endocrinologist and Clinical Director Wellington Hospital) argues that we are in the middle of an obesity epidemic which impacts widely on public health. She advocates for new approaches to obesity based not on blame or impossible personal goals, but on outcomes. She argues it is the responsibility of all to become informed and active (personally and politically), in working for change to present health policies and gives examples of what can be done.
http://dosomething.org.nz
Gynecological and Nutritional Risk Factors for Female Infertilityijtsrd
Backgrounds Besides aging, there are a number of modifiable lifestyle risk factors, such as smoking, elevated consumption of caffeine and alcohol, stress, chronic exposure to environmental pollutants, hormonal imbalance and other nutritional habits exert a negative impact on a women's fertility. The aim of present work was to study the gynecological and nutritional risk factors implicated in developing female infertility. Methodology This cross sectional study comprised of 109 women with infertility either primary or secondary . Data were collected using a questionnaire and in face to face interviews. The questionnaire include questions about risk factors, food intake history by 24 hours recall and modified FFQ beside data on anthropometric. Data was presented as either mean ± SD or frequencies and percentages according to the natural of data. Chi square test was used at a 0.05. Results Of the total samples 109 women with infertility aged between 17 40 years old shown that the peak age at 18 25 years old. The gynecological risk factors shown no significant differences. However, the obtained biochemical result revealed that abnormal high levels of estrogen, TSH, T4, LH, and testosterone, and abnormal low levels of FSH, and T3. The nutritional risk factors have been determined include low levels of serum vitamin D, and serum ferritin. In addition, women with infertility shown to have heavier body weight, overall BMI was 31.5 kg m2 by which the majorities of women found significant obesity P 0.05 , have high risk of waist circumferences and also WHR P 0.05 . The result of present work found that food intake and food pattern of women have low energy intake and their dietary habits shown lack fruits and fish intake with increased junk food consumption P 0.05 . Conclusion The gynecological risk factors can be modified. The correct balance of energy, vitamin D and iron in the daily diet provides essential benefit for an optimal female reproductive health and reduces the risk of infertility. In this context, the association of certain risk factor to develop of infertility could be ameliorate by increase intake of balance diet or triggers can be eliminated. Souad El-mani | Reima Mansour | Ali Ateia Elmabsout "Gynecological and Nutritional Risk Factors for Female Infertility" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47507.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/47507/gynecological-and-nutritional-risk-factors-for-female-infertility/souad-elmani
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS ON OSTEOPOROTIC FEMA...Mohamed A. Galal
Mohamed A. Galal ; Mushira A. Dahaba, ; Basma M. Zaki
and Hanaa M. Elshenawy. CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS ON OSTEOPOROTIC FEMALES HAVING CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS. Cairo Dental Journal (30)Number (1), 1:10January, 2014.
Two major factors and prevention methods for gastric cancer huatengDoriaFang
The largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) of gastric cancer in the Chinese population shows that genetic risk and lifestyle are the two major factors leading to the high incidence of gastric cancer in Chinese people.
Diet effects on cancers among the personal behaviorssamuelmerga3
This document discusses the relationship between diet and cancer risk. It summarizes evidence from epidemiological studies on how certain foods like red meat, dairy products, fruits and vegetables, fiber and glycemic load may impact cancer risk. While certain foods like processed meats and sugary foods appear to increase risk, the evidence for most foods is mixed and inconclusive. Large randomized controlled trials of supplements like selenium and vitamin E did not find a protective effect against cancer. Overall, the best diet for cancer prevention is one that emphasizes plant foods and limits red and processed meats.
Nutrition in Cancer Prevention and TreatmentTim Crowe
This presentation will help you to understand the influence that dietary and lifestyle factors play in the prevention and causation of cancer. It outlines the important nutritional considerations for patients undergoing treatment for cancer and reviews procedures to improve patient safety by knowing the risks and benefits of antioxidant supplementation during cancer treatment
Overall, the consumption of unhealthy foods has increased globally even as consumption of healthier foods also increased in many countries. The analysis of dietary patterns in 187 countries between 1990 and 2010 found that increases in unhealthy foods outpaced beneficial dietary changes, worsening overall diet quality worldwide. In particular, middle-income nations saw the largest increases in unhealthy food consumption. While some regions saw improvements in healthier eating, many low-income areas had little change, underscoring the need to address diet quality in poorer areas.
1) The document discusses several studies presented as posters at the 27th Annual EAU Congress in Paris that evaluate the prostate health index (phi) test in detecting prostate cancer.
2) One study found phi and its derivatives %p2PSA and p2PSA were more accurate than PSA and %fPSA in predicting prostate cancer in men undergoing repeat biopsy. Using specific cut-off levels avoided many biopsies while missing few aggressive cancers.
3) Another study estimated that using phi in addition to PSA screening could reduce unnecessary biopsies by 29% while maintaining cancer detection rates, improving cost-effectiveness.
The reasons for late diagnosis of nephrotuberculosisМаксим Зеленский
The document discusses reasons for late diagnosis of nephrotuberculosis. It found that the majority (93.4%) of patients had a chronic disease with symptoms for an average of 27.3 months before diagnosis. Most patients (62.2%) had cavernas visible on x-ray rather than papillitis (37.8%). The treatment outcomes were optimal in only around half of patients (49.7% and 24.7% respectively), with the majority having nonoptimal outcomes (75.3% and 20.3%).
1. EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE UNTIL TUESDAY, MAY 17, 2011 AT 8:00 A.M.
Contact: Wendy Waldsachs Isett, AUA
410-977-4770, wisett@AUAnet.org
RESEARCHERS FIND NEW TIES BETWEEN KIDNEY STONE RISK, TREATMENT AND DIET, STATINS AND
BODY FAT DISTRIBUTION
Washington, DC, May 17, 2011– A series of studies that examine the relationship of diet, obesity,
nutrition and statin medications will be presented to media at a special press conference during the 2011
Annual Meeting of the American Urological Association (AUA). The event will be held in the AUA Press
Suite at the Walter E. Washington Convention Center on Wednesday, May 18, 2011 at 8 a.m. EDT and will
be moderated by Dean G. Assimos, MD.
Total Caloric Intake Modulates Risk for Urinary Stones in Women: Results from The Women’s Health
Initiative (#2139): While obesity is loosely tied to the risk of kidney stones, researchers in this study from
the University of California, San Francisco attempted to discover the exact causal relationship. They found
that modifying total daily caloric intake may be an important measure in the reduction of stone disease.
The researchers used data from the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study and identified 78,551
participants who were included based on data related to diet, body mass index (BMI) and occurrence of
symptomatic stone disease. Even when adjusted for obesity, total caloric intake conferred an independent
risk of stone disease, suggesting that regulating the total number of calories ingested daily may play a
significant role in risk reduction for stone disease in obese and overweight people.
Diet, Vegetarianism and Urolithiasis (#2146): Researchers from the Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University
of Oxford, Oxford, UK, found that meat-heavy diets may be associated with an increased risk of developing
kidney stones and that a high intake of fresh fruit, fiber and certain minerals may reduce risk. The team
studied 50,617 participants in the Oxford arm of the International Agency for Research on Cancer’s
European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Project. 202 participants were
diagnosed with kidney stones during the follow-up period. Regression analysis was used to examine the
association of diet with risk after stratification by sex, method of recruitment and region of residence, and
adjusting for smoking and drinking alcohol. Compared to those with a high meat diet, the incidence rate of
stones was .71 for moderate meat eaters, .52 for low meat eaters and .52 for fish eaters and vegetarians.
Diets with high intake of fresh fruit, and those high in fiber, magnesium, iron and potassium, were
associated with a reduction in stone disease. There was no association found with vegetable consumption,
calcium or vitamin C.
The Effect of Statin Medications On Urinary Stone Formation: A Ten Year Review of the Armed-Forces
Health Longitudinal Technology Application (AHLTA) Database (#2233): Attempting to clarify the exact
cause of kidney stone formation, a team of researchers from the University of California, San Francisco
investigated the relationship between hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol and triglycerides) and kidney
stones, as well as the impact of statin medications (typically used to treat high cholesterol) on stone
2. formation. Patient records from the AHLTA database were used; 57,320, (36,341 male) were identified
with hyperlipidemia. 32,386 patients (20,063 male) were prescribed statin medications including 1,030
(724 male) who developed a stone. While confirming the relationship of urinary stone disease with
hyperlipidemia, the researchers found that the use of statin medications was associated with a reduction
in risk of stone disease; the effect was seen more prominently in females.
Do Antioxidants Lower The Risk Of Stone Disease? (#2239): Alpha-carotene, beta-carotene and beta-
cryptoxanthin are known as antioxidants, nutrients found in legumes, nuts and grains that eliminate so-
called free radicals, molecules that have been linked to certain diseases. In this study, authors from the
University of Iowa in Iowa City found that higher levels of these antioxidants in the body may be
associated with a lower risk of stone formation. Using data from adult participants in the National Health
and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) researchers compared serum levels of antioxidants
between those with and without a history of kidney stones, adjusting for covariates of age, gender, BMI,
race/ethnicity, hypertension and metabolic syndrome. Of the 17,695 survey participants, 5.25 percent
reported a history of kidney stones. After adjusting for covariates, mean levels of antioxidants were
significantly lower in those with kidney stones: -9.36 percent for alpha carotene; -10.79 percent for beta-
carotene and -8.48 percent for beta-cryptoxanthin. Lycopene and other antioxidant levels did not
correlate with history of stones.
Obesogenic Profile of Contemporary North American Renal Stone Patients (#1825): Body mass index
(BMI) has limitations as a measure of obesity; and more importantly, as a method of accounting for fat
distribution throughout the body. Researchers from the McMaster Institute of Urology in Hamilton,
Ontario, studied fat distribution and metabolic hormonal make up in stone patients and found that gender
differences in fat distribution may account for failure of shockwave lithotripsy (SWL). This prospective
study included 113 patients (73 male, mean age of 54) undergoing treatment for renal stones between
November 2009 and June 2010. Twenty-eight percent of patients had BMI within the normal range, while
32 percent were overweight. Males had a higher proportion of visceral adiposity (fat located around the
abdomen) while females had a higher peripheral adiposity (fat located in the arms and thighs). This finding
may impact the success of lithotripsy, as females have an increased skin-to-stone distance. In addition,
levels of fat-related hormones adiponectin and leptin in stone patients may also tie risk of obesity-related
metabolic disorders to higher complication rates when treating stones.
“There is robust evidence that diet has a significant impact on kidney stone formation. Consumption of a
balanced, heart-healthy diet may reduce the risk of kidney stone formation,” said AUA spokesman Dean G.
Assimos, MD. “The development of kidney stones is also associated with a number of systemic disorders,
including obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease. Oxidative stress may play
an underlying role in these associations.”
NOTE TO REPORTERS: Experts are available to discuss this study outside normal briefing times. To
arrange an interview with an expert, please contact the AUA Communications Office at the number
above or e-mail Communications@AUAnet.org.
About the American Urological Association: Founded in 1902 and headquartered near Baltimore, Maryland, the
American Urological Association is the pre-eminent professional organization for urologists, with more than 17,000
members throughout the world. An educational nonprofit organization, the AUA pursues its mission of fostering the
highest standards of urologic care by carrying out a wide variety of programs for members and their patients.
###
3. 2139
TOTAL CALORIC INTAKE MODULATES RISK FOR URINARY STONES IN WOMEN: RESULTS FROM THE
WOMEN’S HEALTH INITIATIVE
Thomas Chi, MD, Natalia Sadetsky, MD, PhD, Carmen Peralta, MD, MS, Arnold Kahn, PhD, Timothy Y.
Tseng, MD, Matthew R. Cooperberg, MD, MPH, Marshall L. Stoller, MD, San Francisco, CA
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The mechanism underlying the association between obesity and stones
remains poorly understood. Our objective was to examine the dietary factors that modulate risk for kidney
stones in the obese and overweight.
METHODS: Utilizing data from the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study (a cohort of 93,676
postmenopausal women aged 50-79 enrolled between 1994 and 1998 across 40 clinical sites in the United
States), this prospective observational cohort study utilized self report and clinic visit assessment to
identify patients with at least one symptomatic episode of kidney stones. Clinic visit data was used to
calculate body mass index (BMI) for this cohort. Validated dietary questionnaires measured daily caloric
and other diet-related intake. Patients were stratified into categories of BMI. Dietary intake was examined
for risk factors modulating risk of stone disease in this population.
RESULTS: For this analysis, 78,551 participants were included who had complete data on diet, BMI, and
incidence of symptomatic nephrolithiasis. Within this group, 1,960 (2.5%) patients with a mean age of 63.7
+ 7.6 years reported at least one episode of symptomatic stone occurrence. BMI demonstrated the
strongest association with increased risk of nephrolithiasis. Overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9) and obesity level I-
III (BMI 30.0-34.9, 35.0-39.9, and > 40.0) individuals had unadjusted odds ratios of 1.3 (95% confidence
interval 1.1-1.4), 1.8 (95% confidence interval 1.5-2.0), 2.1 (95% confidence interval 1.8-2.5), and 2.4 (95%
confidence interval 1.9-2.9) respectively for an episode of symptomatic nephrolithiasis when compared to
normal individuals (BMI 18.5-24.9). With univariate analysis, ingesting a higher amount of total calories
(>2500 kcal/day) conveyed an increased odds ratio for nephrolithiasis of 1.7 (95% confidence interval 1.4-
2.0) when compared to a daily caloric intake of <1500 kcal/day. Adjusted for BMI, this odds ratio remained
elevated at 1.5 (95% confidence interval 1.2-1.8) for participants in the highest caloric intake group.
CONCLUSIONS: Among various metabolic variables, obesity was most strongly associated with an
increased risk of stone disease, but when adjusted for these variables, total caloric intake conferred an
independent increased risk for nephrolithiasis. Regulating the total number of calories ingested daily may
play a significant role in risk reduction for stone disease in obese and overweight individuals. To the best
of our knowledge, this is a newly identified dietary risk factor for nephrolithiasis.
Source of Funding: none
4. 2146
DIET, VEGETARIANISM AND UROLITHIASIS
Benjamin Turney, Naomi Allen, Paul Appleby, John Reynard, Jeremy Noble, Freddie Hamdy, Timothy Key,
Oxford, United Kingdom
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Kidney stones are a major cause of urological morbidity. Up to 12
percent of the population will have a kidney stone at some time and the incidence is rising internationally.
Previous studies of diet and kidney stone prevalence have focused on specific nutrients but not on
identifiable dietary groups such as vegetarians. Our objective was to investigate the association between
diet and urolithiasis risk in a population with a wide range of diets, including a high proportion of
vegetarians.
METHODS: The association between baseline diet and kidney stone risk was examined among 50,617
participants in the Oxford arm of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-
Oxford). 202 participants were diagnosed with kidney stones during the follow-up period using data from
Hospital Episode Statistics in England and Scottish morbidity Records. Cox proportional hazards regression
was used to examine the association of diet with risk after stratification by sex, method of recruitment and
region of residence and adjustment for smoking and alcohol.
RESULTS: The risk of developing kidney stones was significantly associated with diet group; compared to
high meat-eaters (>100g/day) , the incidence rate ratios for moderate meat-eaters (50-99g/day), low
meat-eaters (<50g/day), fish eaters and vegetarians were 0.71 (95% CI 0.49-1.04), 0.52 (0.32-0.82), 0.52
(0.31-0.88) and 0.53 (0.34-0.78), respectively (P=0.015 for heterogeneity). A high intake of fresh fruit was
associated with a reduction in urolithiasis risk (P for trend =0.007), although there was no association with
vegetable consumption. A high intake of fibre (P=0.003 for trend), magnesium (P=0.005), iron (P=0.007)
and potassium (P=0.045) were also associated with a reduction in risk. Calcium and vitamin C intake were
not associated with the risk of stone disease.
CONCLUSIONS: Diets that contain a high amount of meat may be associated with an increased risk of
developing kidney stones. Conversely, a high intake of fresh fruit and fibre and certain minerals may
reduce the risk. This information may be important to help prevent the development of kidney stones.
Source of Funding: none
5. 2233
THE EFFECT OF STATIN MEDICATIONS ON URINARY STONE FORMATION: A TEN YEAR REVIEW OF
ARMED-FORCES HEALTH LONGITUDINAL TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION (AHLTA) DATABASE
James Masterson, Roger Sur, James L'Esperance, Brian Auge, Marshall Stoller, San Diego, CA
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The pathogenesis of urinary stone formation has not been elucidated.
Traditional theories of abnormal urine chemistries do not fully explain urinary stone disease. Recently,
vascular disease, hypertension, and obesity have been associated with stone formation. The purpose of
this study was to investigate the relationship between hyperlipidemia and nephrolithiasis as well as the
impact of statin medications on stone formation.
METHODS: The AHLTA patient medical records from the Southwestern United States region was queried
(January 2000 - October 2010) to identify adult patients with hyperlipidemia. AHLTA database is an
electronic medical record for all active duty members, dependents and retirees. We then created two
predictor variables -- with and without anti-hyperlipidemic drugs--with the outcome variable as urinary
stones. All subjects with a diagnosis of urolithiasis diagnosis were identified as well. Descriptive and
univariate analysis was performed.
RESULTS: 57,320 patients (36,341 men) were identified with hyperlipidemia. 32,386 (20,064 men) patients
were prescribed statin medications including 1,030 of them (724 men, 306 women) who developed a
stone. Stones developed in 962 (617 men, 345 women) patients who were not taking a statin medication.
6,313 patients were identified as having urolithiasis, including 3897(62.7%) men. 1,992(31.7%) of patients
with stones also had hyperlipidemia. The probability of a patient with hyperlipidemia having a diagnosis of
urolithiasis while on a statin medication was OR=0.819 (95% CI=0.749-0.895, p<0.0001) [OR=0.962 men
(95% CI=0.863-1.074, p=.529) 0.599 women(95%CI=0.512-0.700, p<.001)]).
CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed the relationship of urinary stone disease with hyperlipidemia. Moreoever,
the use of statin medication, with the assumed reduction in hyperlipidemia, appears to reduce the risk of
stone disease, more pronounced for females.
Source of Funding: None
6. 2239
DO ANTIOXIDANTS LOWER THE RISK OF STONE DISEASE?
Peter A. Holoch, Chad R. Tracy, Iowa City, IA
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Recent data suggests that oxidative stress may be increased in stone
formers. Our objective was to evaluate the association between serum antioxidant levels and the self-
reported prevalence of kidney stones.
METHODS: Serum levels of antioxidants among adult participants in the National Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey (NHANES III) were compared between those with and without a history of kidney
stones, adjusting for covariates of age, gender, BMI, race/ethnicity, diabetes, hypertension, and the
metabolic syndrome.
RESULTS: Of the 17,695 survey participants, 5.25% reported a history of kidney stones. Prevalence of
kidney stones was higher in males, white non-Hispanics, diabetics, and those with hypertension or
increased body mass index (BMI). After adjusting for covariates, mean levels of alpha-carotene, beta-
carotene and beta-cryptoxanthin were significantly lower in those with kidney stones (-9.36%, -10.79%
and -8.48%, respectively), while lycopene and other antioxidant levels did not correlate with history of
stone formation. Patients in the lowest quintile of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene and beta-cryptoxanthin
levels were 1.38, 1.33, and 1.66, respectively, more likely to form stones than those in the highest quintile.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, and beta-cryptoxanthin may be associated
with a lower risk of stone formation.
Source of Funding: None
7. 1825
OBESOGENIC PROFILE OF CONTEMPORARY NORTH AMERICAN RENAL STONE PATIENTS
Anatoly Shuster, Christopher B Allard, Ayman Raees, Michael Patlas, Edward D Matsumoto, Jehonathan H
Pinthus, J Paul Whelan, Hamilton, Canada
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Obesity is linked to increased rates of renal stone (RS) formation and
treatment failures, and is usually defined according to body mass index (BMI). BMI has inherent limitations
as a measure of obesity and fails to account for fat distribution, a more accurate predictor of morbidity.
Patterns of fat distribution may affect the success of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL), since
peripheral adipose tissue increases the skin-to-stone distance more than does visceral adipose tissue
(VAT). The objective of this study was to characterize the fat distribution and metabolic hormonal milieu in
a cohort of RS patients.
METHODS: 113 patients (73 male; 40 female; mean age 54 years) undergoing treatment for RS between
November 2009 and June 2010 at one center were prospectively enrolled; 81 met inclusion for BMI
analysis and 63 for %VAT. CT scans were analyzed for visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue volumes
from axial slices at 3 fixed levels (L2 vertebral body, umbilicus and anterior superior iliac spine) using
commercial software (Clear Image Demo). Adipose tissue was defined as -250 to -30 Hounsfield Units. The
ratio of visceral to total adipose tissue (%VAT) was calculated and BMI data collected. Adiponectin and
leptin levels of fasting serum samples were measured by ELISA.
RESULTS: 28% of patients had BMI within the normal range (<25kg/m2), while 32% were overweight
(2535kg/m2). Mean BMI was 30kg/m2. 54% of females and 32% of males were obese or morbidly obese
(BMI>30kg/m2). Mean %VAT was 47.7 and 29.7 for males and females respectively (p<0.001), indicating
relatively higher visceral adiposity in males, and peripheral adiposity in females. Mean levels of
adiponectin and leptin were 7.67 and 17.50 respectively (normal values are 10ìg/ml and 10 ng/ml
respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of RS patients, males had a higher proportion of visceral adiposity than
females (%VAT 47.7 vs. 29.7), while more females were obese or morbidly obese according to BMI. The
gender differences in fat distribution may affect ESWL success; obese females have more peripheral
adiposity, increasing the skin-to-stone distance and, consequently, the probability of ESWL failure. Mean
serum levels of adiponectin and leptin indicate that these RS patients are at risk of obesity-related
metabolic disorders and higher perioperative complication rates. These associations should be further
investigated in a larger multi-center cohort.
Source of Funding: none