This is the fourth in our four part training sessions introducing FenixEdu development for new collaborators. In this last session, we introduce our two presentation frameworks present in fenix, Struts and Faces, the presentation plugin Tiles and our rendering library Renders

1. Presentation Layer
Sérgio Silva
October 2013

2. Fenix Architecture
Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)
JSPs
renderers
Faces
Jersey
(REST API)
Domain
Model
Struts
Fenix Framework
(STM)
MYSQL

3. Today
Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)
JSPs
renderers
Faces
Jersey
(REST API)
Domain
Model
Struts
Fenix Framework
(STM)
MYSQL

4. Struts
Control Layer
● open-source web application framework
● uses and extends the Java Servlet API
● model–view–controller (MVC) architecture
● version 1.2.7
● http://struts.apache.org/release/1.2.x/

5. Struts
Control Layer

6. Struts
Control Layer

7. Struts Dispatching
fenix.ist.utl.pt/publico/executionCourse.do?method=marks&executionCourseID=1610612925705

8. Struts Dispatching
Module
fenix.ist.utl.pt/publico/executionCourse.do?method=marks&executionCourseID=1610612925705
Semantic division in modules
● struts-publico.xml
● .do maps to Struts Servlet (JavaServlet API)
○ src/main/resources/web.xml

9. Struts Dispatching
Mapping
fenix.ist.utl.pt/publico/executionCourse.do?method=marks&executionCourseID=1610612925705
Mapping between path and action
●
The path is a string
○
●
“/executionCourse”
Where is the mapping ?
○
Mapping with annotations (what you should use)
@Mapping(module
="publico" path="/executionCourse"
)
○
struts-publico.xml (read-only, don’t create things here)
<action type="n.s.f.p.A.p.ExecutionCourseDA" parameter="method" path="/executionCourse">

10. Struts Dispatching
Mapping
fenix.ist.utl.pt/publico/executionCourse.do?method=marks&executionCourseID=1610612925705
Mapping between path and action
● Action Class ( ExecutionCourseDA.java)
●
each action is module aware
●
usually extends FenixDispatchAction (check outline on eclipse)
○
helper methods
■
■
redirect
■
getLoggedPerson
■
●
getFromRequest
getDomainObject(request,parameter)
method execute runs always
DEMO

11. Struts @ Fenix
Action
fenix.ist.utl.pt/publico/executionCourse.do?method=marks&executionCourseID=1610612925705
ExecutionCourseDA.java
public ActionForward marks(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
final String executionCourseOID = request.getParameter("executionCourseID");
final ExecutionCourse executionCourse = FenixFramework.getDomainObject(executionCourseOID);
Map<> attendsMap = getAttendsMap(executionCourse);
request.setAttribute("executionCourse", executionCourse);
request.setAttribute("attendsMap", attendsMap);
request.setAttribute("dont-cache-pages-in-search-engines", Boolean.TRUE);
return mapping.findForward("execution-course-marks");
}
● Parameters
○ get values on query string
● Attributes
○ get or set state on request

12. Struts
Wrapping Up

13. JSPs
Presentation Layer

14. Struts
Presentation Layer
● Tiles
○ templating system
○ create a common look and feel for a web application
○ create reusable view components
○ bridge to JSPs
○ module aware
● tiles-<module>-definitions.xml
○ template definitions
● tiles-<module>-pages-definitions.xml
○ fill in the template

15. Struts @ Fenix
Forwards
ExecutionCourseDA.java
public ActionForward marks(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
final String executionCourseOID = request.getParameter("executionCourseID"
);
final ExecutionCourse executionCourse = FenixFramework.
getDomainObject(executionCourseOID);
Map<> attendsMap = getAttendsMap(executionCourse);
request
.setAttribute("executionCourse" executionCourse);
,
request
.setAttribute("attendsMap", attendsMap);
request
.setAttribute("dont-cache-pages-in-search-engines" Boolean.TRUE);
,
return mapping.findForward("execution-course-marks"
);
}

16. Struts @ Fenix
Forwards
ExecutionCourseDA.java
public ActionForward marks(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
final String executionCourseOID = request.getParameter("executionCourseID
");
final ExecutionCourse executionCourse = FenixFramework.
getDomainObject(executionCourseOID);
Map<> attendsMap = getAttendsMap(executionCourse);
request
.setAttribute("executionCourse" executionCourse);
,
request
.setAttribute("attendsMap", attendsMap);
request
.setAttribute("dont-cache-pages-in-search-engines" Boolean.TRUE);
,
return mapping.findForward("execution-course-marks");
}
● What is mapping.findForward(..) ?

17. Struts @ Fenix
Forwards
ExecutionCourseDA.java
public ActionForward marks(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
final String executionCourseOID = request.getParameter("executionCourseID
");
final ExecutionCourse executionCourse = FenixFramework.
getDomainObject(executionCourseOID);
Map<> attendsMap = getAttendsMap(executionCourse);
request
.setAttribute("executionCourse" executionCourse);
,
request
.setAttribute("attendsMap", attendsMap);
request
.setAttribute("dont-cache-pages-in-search-engines" Boolean.TRUE);
,
return mapping.findForward("execution-course-marks");
}
● Forwards annotation (what you should use)
@Forwards({ @Forward(name = "execution-course-marks", path = "/publico/executionCourse/marks.jsp") })
public class ExecutionCourseDA extends FenixDispatchAction { … }
●
●
name - forward name
path - logic name for tiles

18. Struts @ Fenix
Forwards (Deprecated)
ExecutionCourseDA.java
public ActionForward marks(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
final String executionCourseOID = request.getParameter("executionCourseID
");
final ExecutionCourse executionCourse = FenixFramework.
getDomainObject(executionCourseOID);
Map<> attendsMap = getAttendsMap(executionCourse);
request
.setAttribute("executionCourse" executionCourse);
,
request
.setAttribute("attendsMap", attendsMap);
request
.setAttribute("dont-cache-pages-in-search-engines" Boolean.TRUE);
,
return mapping.findForward("execution-course-marks");
}
● struts-publico.xml
<action type="n.s.f.p.A.p.ExecutionCourseDA" parameter="method" path="/executionCourse"
>
<forward path=
"execution-course-marks" name="execution-course-marks"></forward>
…………………………………………………
</action>
●
●
name - forward name
path - logic name for tiles

19. Struts @ Fenix
Forwards (Deprecated)
● tiles-public-definitions.xml
<definition name=
"execution-course-marks" extends="definition.public.executionCourse">
<put name="body" value="/publico/executionCourse/marks.jsp" >
/
</definition>
● tiles-public-pages-definitions.xml
<definition name=
"definition.public.executionCourse" page="/layout/istLayout.jsp">
<put name="title" value="/commons/functionalities/courseTitle.jsp"/>
<put name="hideLanguage" value="true"/>
<put name="symbols_row" value="/publico/degreeSite/symbolsRow.jsp" />
<put name="profile_navigation" value="/publico/degreeSite/profileNavigation.jsp"/>
<put name="main_navigation" value="/publico/executionCourse/mainNavigation.jsp"/>
<put name="body_header" value="/publico/executionCourse/executionCourseHeader.jsp"/>
<put name="body" value="/commons/blank.jsp" />
<put name="footer" value="/publico/degreeSite/footer.jsp" />
<put name="rss" value="/messaging/announcements/rssHeader.jsp">
/
<put name="keywords" value="/messaging/announcements/keywordsHeader.jsp">
/
</definition>
● istLayout.jsp
<tiles:insert attribute=
"body" ignore="true"/>
<tiles:insert attribute=
"footer" ignore="true"/>

20. JSPs
● JavaServer Pages (JSP)
● create dynamically generated web pages
based on HTML
● HTML with behaviour
DEMO
publico/executionCourse/marks.jsp

21. JSPs
without renderers
● publico/executionCourse/marks.jsp
<logic:iterate id="evaluation" name="executionCourse property="orderedAssociatedEvaluations
"
">
● ExecutionCourseDA.java
public ActionForward marks(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
final String executionCourseOID = request.getParameter("executionCourseID"
);
final ExecutionCourse executionCourse = FenixFramework.
getDomainObject(executionCourseOID);
Map<Attends, Map<Evaluation, Mark>> attendsMap = getAttendsMap(executionCourse);
request
.setAttribute("executionCourse" executionCourse);
,
request
.setAttribute("attendsMap", attendsMap);
request
.setAttribute("dont-cache-pages-in-search-engines" Boolean.TRUE);
,
return mapping.findForward("execution-course-marks"
);
}

22. JSPs
without renderers
● publico/executionCourse/marks.jsp
<logic:iterate id="evaluation" name="executionCourse" property="orderedAssociatedEvaluations">
● ExecutionCourseDA.java
public ActionForward marks(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
final String executionCourseOID = request.getParameter("executionCourseID"
);
final ExecutionCourse executionCourse = FenixFramework.
getDomainObject(executionCourseOID);
Map<Attends, Map<Evaluation, Mark>> attendsMap = getAttendsMap(executionCourse);
request
.setAttribute("executionCourse", executionCourse);
request
.setAttribute("attendsMap", attendsMap);
request
.setAttribute("dont-cache-pages-in-search-engines" Boolean.TRUE);
,
return mapping.findForward("execution-course-marks"
);
}
●
●
name - get from request attribute or parameter with that name
property - get property from object
○
●
●
executionCourse .getOrderedAssociatedEvaluations ()
uses Java Bean conventions
id - defines bean in jsp scope

23. JSPs
without renderers
● simple bean example
<h3><bean:write name=
"executionCourse" property="name"></h3>
●
executionCourse.getName()
● Tag libs
○
○
○
○
<bean:*>
<logic:*>
<html:*>
http://struts.apache.org/release/1.2.x/userGuide/

24. JSPs
Renderers
● integration with domain model and fenixframework
● our taglib <fr:*>
○ fr:view - display domain objects
○ fr:create - create domain objects
○ fr:edit - edit domain objects
● renderers-config.xml
○ All renderers definitions

25. JSPs
Renderers
● What is a renderer ?
○ java class used to produce HTML
○ Properties
■ layout
●
logical name for renderer definition
■ mode
●
●
input
output
■ class
●
rendered type
○ String
○ ExecutionCourse
○ int
■ properties
●
render specific properties

26. JSPs
renderers-config.xml
● output renderer
<renderer type=
"java.util.Collection" layout="contact-list" class="n.s.f.p.r.ContactListRenderer"
>
<property name=
"bundle" value="APPLICATION_RESOURCES"
/>
<property name=
"defaultLabel" value="label.partyContacts.defaultContact" >
/
</renderer>
● input renderer
<renderer mode=
"input" type="j.u.Collection" layout="option-select" class="p.i.fr.InputCheckBoxListRenderer"
>
<property name=
"eachClasses" value="dinline" />
</renderer>

27. JSPs
Renderers
● manageApplications.jsp
<fr:view name="appsOwned" schema="oauthapps.view.apps"
>
<fr:layout name="tabular">
<fr:property name="classes" value="tstyle4 thcenter thcenter"
/>
<fr:property name="columnClasses" value="tdcenter, tdcenter, ..."
/>
</fr:layout>
</fr:view>
● renderers-config.xml
<renderer type="java.util.Collection" layout="tabular" class="p.i.f.r.CollectionRenderer"
>
<property name="groupLinks" value="true"/>
<property name="linkGroupSeparator" value=", "/>
</renderer>

28. JSPs
Renderers
● manageApplications.jsp
<fr:view name="appsOwned" schema="oauthapps.view.apps"
>
<fr:layout name="tabular">
<fr:property name="classes" value="tstyle4 thcenter thcenter"
/>
<fr:property name="columnClasses" value="tdcenter, tdcenter, ..."
/>
</fr:layout>
</fr:view>
● renderers-config.xml
<renderer type="java.util.Collection" layout="tabular" class="p.i.f.r.CollectionRenderer"
>
<property name="groupLinks" value="true"/>
<property name="linkGroupSeparator" value=", "/>
</renderer>

29. JSPs
Renderers

30. JSPs
Renderers

31. Renderers
(reusable) Schemas
● manageApplications.jsp
<fr:view name="appsOwned" schema="oauthapps.view.apps"
>
<fr:layout name="tabular">
<fr:property name="classes" value="tstyle4 thcenter thcenter"
/>
<fr:property name="columnClasses" value="tdcenter, tdcenter, ..."
/>
</fr:layout>
</fr:view>

32. Renderers
(reusable) Schemas
● manageApplications.jsp
<fr:view name="appsOwned" schema="oauthapps.view.apps">
<fr:layout name="tabular">
<fr:property name="classes" value="tstyle4 thcenter thcenter"
/>
<fr:property name="columnClasses" value="tdcenter, tdcenter, ..."
/>
</fr:layout>
</fr:view>

33. Renderers
(reusable) Schemas
● Schemas
<fr:view name="appsOwned" schema="oauthapps.view.apps">
<fr:layout name="tabular">
<fr:property name="classes" value="tstyle4 thcenter thcenter"
/>
<fr:property name="columnClasses" value="tdcenter, tdcenter, ..."
/>
</fr:layout>
</fr:view>
●
specify how object’s slots are rendered
●
schemas-config.xml
●
*-schemas.xml
○
logical separation

34. Renderers
(reusable) Schemas
●
personnelSection-schemas.xml
<schema name="oauthapps.view.apps" type="net.sourceforge.fenixedu.domain.ExternalApplication"
bundle="APPLICATION_RESOURCES"
>
<slot name="name" key="oauthapps.label.app.name" />
<slot name="description" layout="longText" key="oauthapps.label.app.description"
/>
<slot name="scopes" layout="flowLayout">
<property name=
"eachLayout" value="values"></property>
<property name=
"eachSchema" value="oauthapps.view.scope.name"
></property>
<property name=
"htmlSeparator" value=", "></property>
</slot>
<slot name="siteUrl" key="oauthapps.label.app.site.url" />
</schema>
●
●
●
name
○ unique identifier
type
○ schema target type
slot
○ object slot to render

35. Renderers
(inline) Schemas
<fr:view name="appsOwned" schema="oauthapps.view.apps"
>
<fr:layout name="tabular">
<fr:property name="classes" value="tstyle4 thcenter thcenter"
/>
<fr:property name="columnClasses" value="tdcenter, tdcenter, ..."
/>
</fr:layout>
</fr:view>

36. Renderers
(inline) Schemas
<fr:view name="appsOwned">
<fr:schema type="net.sourceforge.fenixedu.domain.ExternalApplication"bundle="APPLICATION_RESOURCES"
>
<fr:slot name="name" key="oauthapps.label.app.name" />
<fr:slot name="description" layout="longText" key="oauthapps.label.app.description"
/>
<fr:slot name="scopes" layout="flowLayout">
<fr:property name="eachLayout" value="values"></property>
<fr:property name="eachSchema" value="oauthapps.view.scope.name"
></property>
<fr:property name="htmlSeparator" value=", "></property>
</fr:slot>
<fr:slot name="siteUrl" key="oauthapps.label.app.site.url" />
</fr:schema>
<fr:layout name="tabular">
<fr:property name="classes" value="tstyle4 thcenter thcenter"
/>
<fr:property name="columnClasses" value="tdcenter, tdcenter, ..."
/>
</fr:layout>
</fr:view>

37. Resource Bundles
<fr:view name="appsOwned">
<fr:schema type="net.sourceforge.fenixedu.domain.ExternalApplication"bundle="APPLICATION_RESOURCES">
<fr:slot name="name" key="oauthapps.label.app.name" />
<fr:slot name="description" layout="longText" key="oauthapps.label.app.description"
/>
<fr:slot name="scopes" layout="flowLayout">
<fr:property name="eachLayout" value="values"></property>
<fr:property name="eachSchema" value="oauthapps.view.scope.name"
></property>
<fr:property name="htmlSeparator" value=", "></property>
</fr:slot>
<fr:slot name="siteUrl" key="oauthapps.label.app.site.url" />
</fr:schema>
<fr:layout name="tabular">
<fr:property name="classes" value="tstyle4 thcenter thcenter"
/>
<fr:property name="columnClasses" value="tdcenter, tdcenter, ..."
/>
</fr:layout>
</fr:view>
●
src/main/resources/resources/ApplicationResources_pt.properties
○ oauthapps.label.app.name
="Nome Aplicação"
●
src/main/resources/resources/ApplicationResources_en.properties
○ oauthapps.label.app.name
="Application Name"

38. JavaServer Faces
● JavaServer Faces
○ version 1.1
● component-based user interfaces for web
apps
● servlet mapping *.faces
● faces-config.xml

39. JavaServer Faces
https://fenix.ist.utl.pt/publico/degreeSite/viewCurricularCourse.faces?degreeID=2761663971474

40. JavaServer Faces
https://fenix.ist.utl.pt/publico/degreeSite/viewCurricularCourse.faces?degreeID=2761663971474
●
publico/degreeSite/viewCurricularCourse.jsp
<h:outputFormat value="<h1>#{CurricularCourseManagement.degreePresentationName}</h1>" escape="false"/>
●
Backing Bean
○
●
name - CurricularCourseManagement
faces-config.xml
<managed-bean>
<description>ManagerCurricularCourseManagementBackingBean</
description>
<managed-bean-name>ManagerCurricularCourseManagement</ anaged-bean-name>
m
<managed-bean-class>n.s.f.p.b.m.c.ManagerCurricularCourseManagementBackingBean</
managed-bean-class>
<managed-bean-scope>request</managed-bean-scope>
</managed-bean>
DEMO

41. Golden Rules
● don’t create stuff in struts-*.xml
○ use annotations
■ @Mapping
■ @Forwards
●
@Forward
● renderers-config.xml
○
read-only (unless you are going to create a new renderer)
● read renderers docs
○
Administrador > Frameworks > Renderers > Exemplos Renderers
● install resource bundle editor
○
https://fenix-ashes.ist.utl.pt/fenixWiki/I18NConventions

42. Q&A?