This document discusses Brazil's earth observation programs and deforestation monitoring efforts. It summarizes INPE's role in monitoring deforestation in the Amazon using Landsat images to produce annual deforestation rates. It also discusses bilateral and multilateral agreements related to earth observation. Furthermore, it provides details on deforestation monitoring programs in the state of Acre, including high resolution imagery analysis and developing biomass estimates using field plots. Considerations for baseline setting and ensuring transparency, consistency and integration between national and sub-national monitoring systems are also outlined.
This is MOH Deputy Director Dr Rozita Halina Tun Hussein's presentation at the Prince Mahidol Award Conference, January 2012.
She is speaking on Malaysia's experience in formulating a health care rationing method.
Healthcare rationing is a well-known fact of Insurance based healthcare systems. But the government insists that Malaysians will get all the healthcare they need for free.
This is a blatant lie!
This is MOH Deputy Director Dr Rozita Halina Tun Hussein's presentation at the Prince Mahidol Award Conference, January 2012.
She is speaking on Malaysia's experience in formulating a health care rationing method.
Healthcare rationing is a well-known fact of Insurance based healthcare systems. But the government insists that Malaysians will get all the healthcare they need for free.
This is a blatant lie!
Pascal Hartmann is a German sociologist and an experienced strategy executive and theory designer. He is also the Director of the R & D Department at Logon Architecture. With an eye to the future, his work embraces the architectural heritage of the city in a sustainable fashion.
Waste-to-energy technologies convert waste matter into various forms of fuel that can be used to supply energy. Waste feed stocks can include municipal solid waste (MSW); construction and demolition (C&D) debris; agricultural waste, such as crop silage and livestock manure; industrial waste from coal mining, lumber mills, or other facilities; and even the gases that are naturally produced within landfills.
Open Garden provides mobile broadband connectivity over P2P wireless mesh network. Users get a stronger coverage, faster bandwidth and free and affordable bandwidth.
Why we don’t know how many colors there areJan Morovic
There have been many attempts to answer the question of how many distinct colors there are, with widely varying answers. Here we present an analysis of what it would take to arrive at a reliable answer and show how currently available models fail to make predictions under the wide range of conditions that needs to be considered. Gamut volumes are reported for a number of light sources and viewing modes and the conclusion is drawn that the only reliable data we have comes from psychophysical work. The color gamut of the LUTCHI data in CIECAM02 is therefore shown as an alternative to the gamut of all possible colors.
Jeremy Bird, Director General of IWMI, discusses the huge water management challenges facing India and shows how IWMI’s research can contribute to effective and sustainable solutions.
Pascal Hartmann is a German sociologist and an experienced strategy executive and theory designer. He is also the Director of the R & D Department at Logon Architecture. With an eye to the future, his work embraces the architectural heritage of the city in a sustainable fashion.
Waste-to-energy technologies convert waste matter into various forms of fuel that can be used to supply energy. Waste feed stocks can include municipal solid waste (MSW); construction and demolition (C&D) debris; agricultural waste, such as crop silage and livestock manure; industrial waste from coal mining, lumber mills, or other facilities; and even the gases that are naturally produced within landfills.
Open Garden provides mobile broadband connectivity over P2P wireless mesh network. Users get a stronger coverage, faster bandwidth and free and affordable bandwidth.
Why we don’t know how many colors there areJan Morovic
There have been many attempts to answer the question of how many distinct colors there are, with widely varying answers. Here we present an analysis of what it would take to arrive at a reliable answer and show how currently available models fail to make predictions under the wide range of conditions that needs to be considered. Gamut volumes are reported for a number of light sources and viewing modes and the conclusion is drawn that the only reliable data we have comes from psychophysical work. The color gamut of the LUTCHI data in CIECAM02 is therefore shown as an alternative to the gamut of all possible colors.
Jeremy Bird, Director General of IWMI, discusses the huge water management challenges facing India and shows how IWMI’s research can contribute to effective and sustainable solutions.
Finding the Soul of Your Business: Branding Tips from the Ad Agency WorldGraham North
Brand is what people say about you behind your back. That means that your brand exists whether or not you're part of the conversation. This presentation - given by advertising agency copywriter and brand strategist Graham North - gives small businesses and startups practical tips on how to discover the unique soul of their business and communicate it to customers through every interaction.
Presentation of my M.Sc. graduation work, titled "Determination of canal pool characteristics with experimental modeling". It describes the use of System Identification techniques to identify (irrigation) canal pool characteristics needed for automatic controller design from tests on the real canal rather than on model representations. There is a special focus on potential resonance behavior of canal pools and the identification of these characteristics. Experiments on irrigation canal pools in Arizona, USA are described.
1. Monica Julissa De Los Rios de Leal (monica.julissa@ac.gov.br)
THINKING beyond the canopy
2. INPE’s technology agenda
Brazil as a global player in earth observation
Bilateral agreements
(China, Argentina, UK, Germany)
Multilateral agreements
(CEOS, GEO)
4. Main uses of PRODES results
Monitor effectiveness of polices for controlling
deforestation
A government response to the demands of civil
society
Supporting policy making at regional and local scales
Public awareness of deforestation in the
Amazon (www.obt.inpe.br/prodes)
WGISS-27, Toulouse
6. Fragmentation
>60% poligons are smaller than 5ha
From those, 50% are between 1 to 2 ha
THINKING beyond the canopy
7. Center of Geoprocessing and Remote Sensing
of Acre’s state
• Deforestation (minimum area 0,54 ha and accuracy
assessment)
• Fires
• Climate
• Land use
• Degradation and carbon stock
Capacity building and technology
improvements: USD 2,5 mi (Amazon
Fund)
8. High resolution images for accuracy
assessment
R,G,B- 2,4,3
Formosat 2- 8 meters Formosat 2- 2 meters (Pan)
9. Deforestation by Zone (2010)
8,000,000.0
Área Total
7,000,000.0
Desmatamento (2010)
6,000,000.0
5,000,000.0
Área (ha)
4,000,000.0
1,532,994.5
3,000,000.0
2,000,000.0
293,785.9
226,220.2
25,523.5
1,000,000.0
0.0
Zona 1 Zona 2 Zona 3 Zona 4
Fonte: UCEGEO (2010)
10. Deforestation by land use (2009)
6,000,000.00
Desmatamento Floresta
143,601.51
5,000,000.00
4,000,000.00
652,368.00
Área (ha)
3,000,000.00
23,981.76 4,978,724.49
407,946.96
2,000,000.00
724,132.14
81,169.19
2,566,322.00
2,353,518.24
1,000,000.00 1,842,104.04
1,411,542.81
34,745.40 910,855.86
278,349.60
0.00
TERRAS SEM TERRAS PROJETOS DE TERRAS TERRAS TERRAS INDÍGENAS UNIDADES DE
ESTUDO ARRECADADAS ASSENTAMENTO DISCRIMINADAS PARTICULARES CONSERVAÇÃO
DISCRIMINATÓRIO
Unidade Fundiária
Fonte: UCEGEO (2010)
12. Biomass study: 20 plots to develop allometric
equations for Acre State
THINKING beyond the canopy
13. Carbon Stock and forest
degradation
Source: Gregory Asner, Canergie Institute, California.
14. Foto: Diego Gurgel
Monitoring using a Nested
System
National - Climate Change National Plan
- National level targets: PPCD – AM
- INPE regular database – Resolution = 6,25 ha
State
- State level targets: PPCD – AC
- UCEGEO’s database– Resolution = 0,54 ha
- INPE regular database – Resolution = 6,25 ha
- Project level targets
Project - UCEGEO’s database – Resolution = 4 and 2.5 m
- Laser – LiDar
- Aerial photograph – Pixel 25 cm
- Field data
THINKING beyond the canopy
15. Base line – Reference Level
202 Mt CO2
182 Mt CO2
Fonte: IPAM, 2012
16. Final Considerations
Capacity and technology: monitoring systems already in place at
national and state levels
– Include Emission Reduction (D – D - +)
– Keep it simple: jurisdictional vs. project
Frequency:
– Deforestation: annual
– Forest degradation: not monitored as regularly yet
Transparency:
– CEVA and other opportunities for participation prior approving procedures
– Scientific Committee has to validate official deforestation and forest degradation
estimates
– Using different methods to publicize information
Consistency:
– Reconcile state and national MRV systems
– Integrate project RLs with state level RL to ensure accountability and environmental integrity of
the system: define minimum parameters
– Use the most conservative numbers to avoid double counting and ensure integration
between the state system and the future national strategy
Editor's Notes
Monitor Effectiveness of polices for controlling deforestation / Government Response to the demands of Civil Society / Supporting Policy Making at Regional and local Scales /