1. Erion Nako / e-mail: nako_erion@business.ceu.edu
Mobile: + 355682077579
CEU Student ID: 105032
Page 1 of 20
Innovation Imperative Course / Katalyst EMBA II
/
1/20/2016
3D Printing
The revolution of the construction industry
(CEU Business School)
Authored by: Erion Nako KEMBA II 2017 Student

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Foreword
Walking to the shore of Ohrid’s lake, on the Albanian part, (one of the most beautiful lakes in
Europe, border between Albania and FYROM), you can see some strange creatures of concrete,
build on communism era. The bunkers there are demonstrating to us that the Enver Hoxha regime
has been very tough with ideology and its famous dogmatic phrase “building communism, by our
own forces”!
700 thousands (one bunker for 4 inhabitants of Albania) of those
monsters were built in all country for more than 25 years of
intensive model of defense, where the whole nation was
transformed in a ready army of 1 million reservists, against every
virtual enemy of the “Cold War”.
Hoxha's program of "bunkerisation of the country" resulted in the construction of concrete
mushrooms in every corner of Albania, from mountain passes down to the seaside, borders and
inside the towns and rural areas as well. They had little military value and were never used for
their intended purpose during the years of Communist rule (1945–1990). The cost of constructing
them was a drain on Albania's resources, diverting them away from more pressing needs, such as
dealing with the country's housing shortage and poor roads.
I just wrote that small historical paragraph to bring in the attention of those who are going to read
this assignment, that what can the human craziness create in case, it is having the latest
technology and resources such as the revolutionary innovation of 3D Printing. Imagine if the
communist regime of Enver Hoxha (Born 1908 and died in 1985) was able to use that kind of
technology for the construction of bunkers and military locations in all the country. Albania, for sure
would have been one of the most difficult countries to open a war of guerrillas warfare, as it would
be full of concrete military basis.
I checked a lot of information, during the preparatory work for this paper, and would like to express
my own opinion, how do I see the 3D printing in construction industry and transformation of this
industry in a future. The whole industry of construction will be transformed, based on material

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production, architectural vision and on overall the security and safety that would be offered in the
future for clients.
The 3D printing itself in an innovative technology that
is adopted very fast, and results a big changers of
equilibrium in many industries, but the construction
would be transformed radically after a couple of years.
Nowadays, those companies who are innovating and
staying too close to such technologies such as 3D
Printing, will become the pioneers of tomorrow and the
ones who will the new industry leaders.
Some very interesting questions will be raised to the industry itself and whole humanity, after this
revolutionary innovation as 3D Printing.
1. Are we ready to adopt this solution in construction industry nowadays?
2. Are we going to transform our cities tomorrow with 3D printing technology?
3. Is space the final frontier of the construction from humans?
All those items, I will try to give some answers based on the research and readings
regarding this subject.
Finally, I would personally, like to thank Prof. Mel Horwitch for delivering the course of
“Innovation Imperative” at CEU Business School 2015-2016, that shows in all the sessions
of this course a different way of seeing the innovation world and helping me to create a
better view of the nowadays and future reality.
Erion Nako, Student at CEU Business School, Katalyst EMBA 2017.

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CONTENTS
1. An overview of 3D printing technology and services..........................................................5
2. 3D Printing in construction industry.....................................................................................7
3. Transformation of the building design .................................................................................9
4. Changing the business model innovation..........................................................................11
5. Transformation of our cities in the future...........................................................................12
5.1 3D City Planning...................................................................................................................12
6. China the land of opportunities and Africa the future battlefield .....................................14
7.1 The rapid development of 3D printing...................................................................................14
7. Building a Lunar Base with 3D Printing..............................................................................16
8. The promise of 3D Printing Technology.............................................................................17
9. Conclusions ..........................................................................................................................18

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1. An overview of 3D printing technology and services
Checking a lot of subject to propose my assignment for “Innovation Imperative” course, I was
impressed from the 3D Print Show in London. Gilles Azzaro unveiled his new “3D Printed
sculpture called “Obama – Next Industrial Revolution”. This monumental 3D Printed sculpture is
the three-dimensional materialization of President Obama’s voiceprint. The 3D voiceprint portrays
an extract of President Obama’s February 2013 State of the Union Address.
If you would like to listen that speech played from the platform, You are more than welcome to
check this video on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PM-l05XusNU
The speech played by the sculpture is this one:
“A once-shuttered warehouse is now a state-of-the art lab where new workers are mastering the
3D printing that has the potential to revolutionize the way we make almost everything. There’s no
reason this can’t happen in other towns. So tonight, I am announcing the launch of three more of
these manufacturing hubs, where businesses will partner with the Departments of Defense and
Energy to turn regions left behind by globalization into global centers of high-tech jobs. And I ask
this Congress to help create a network of fifteen of these hubs and guarantee that the next
revolution in manufacturing is Made in America. We can get that done.”

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Short Introduction video from YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UPvQEgcErew
Welcome back to this document, and hope that video on YouTube, was able to give you the first
understanding of what is the 3D Printing. It is a form of “additive” manufacturing, where a three-
dimensional object is ‘printed’ (built) by adding layer after layer of a particular material, which
differs from the more usual “subtractive” (when an object is carved out of a block of raw material)
or molding/ die-casting (when a molten material is injected into a solid mould) forms of
manufacturing.
At the initial stage of its 3D printing involves the
creature of the model of the object that is going to be
printed in digital format. This is done on a standard way
via CAD (Computer-Assisted Design). This is a software
of modelling provided by the most of printing platforms
as Thingiverse, Sculpteo etc. The very beginning of
technology is found on 1980s with the development of
some methods on the creation of 3D plastic model.
(Picture published under license from ITProPortal.com, a Net Communities Ltd Publication. All rights reserved.)
The content of those models was photo-hardening polymer by Hideo Kodama of Nagoya
Municipal Industrial Research Institute in 1981. Some of the world leaders in research was
Stanford and Carnegie Mellon Universities. There were experimented the new depositing methods
such as micro casting and spraying of materials.
During the first decade of 21st Century, the term Additive manufacturing switch to the 3D
printing.3D printing has come into its own, starting from the first decade until 2010, with
proponents pointing to the near-endless range of potential manufacturing and industrial
applications of the new technology.
The technology itself can be successfully used in a lot of industry especially in manufacturing,
military, aerospace, automotive etc. The development of dedicated printers for each industry still
remain expensive and cannot be handled from a lot of companies, but according to the latest
information the business applications of 3D printing are predicted to be even more profitable than
its consumer market. According to Gartner, it is estimated a compound annual growth of more
than 106 per cent and sales greater than US$13.4bn by 2018.

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Source: Gartner July 2014.
2. 3D Printing in construction industry
When time came, innovation went out of the labs and research centers directly to the production
field. It is the merit of one of the pioneers, Mr. Mr. Behrokh Khoshnevis, one of the professors of
Southern California University and Fellow Member of National Academy of Inventor.
Prof. Khoshnevis “contour crafting” is a building printing technology that employs a computer-
controlled gantry to first create the walls of a house by depositing successive layers of a rapid-
setting concrete-like material – the standard process for additive manufacturing.

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The printer starts to print onsite, floors and ceiling and then the rest.
Khoshnevis has been working on the project
since last decade, claiming in 2010 that the
system could produce an entire home within a
single day, and cut down on costs by reducing
wastage of materials as well as construction
time.
Apart from him, on the other side Mr. Janjaap
Ruijssenaars from Netherlands has been
working on plans to print an entire building since the turn of the decade. He have worked with Mr.
Enrico Dini and his D-Shape printer, one of the world’s largest additive manufacturing devices.
The building designed from Mr. Ruijssenaars, is a long-form loop structure, very well suited to be
used of a 3D printing device on construction industry.
Ruijssenaars house
The concept of Ruijssenaars is to
create a single uninterrupted
instance, in order to create in the
same time the roof and floor in the
same time.
Meanwhile, this are the pioneering efforts, a Chinese company WinSun, has been recently
claiming that they have successfully
constructed 10 constructed house via 3D
Technology in 24 hours, at the cost of
$5K USD/house. During 2015, Winsun
completed a successful construction of a
villa 11 840 square foot, via 3D Printing
Technology.

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Winsun used a large 3D printer for fabricating the parts of the building in large pieces at its own
facility. Then they assembled all these pieces on-site and added steel reinforcements.
According to CNET and Business Insider articles, Chinese company claimed that there is a cost
saving about 30 percent to 60 percent of construction wastes while the production time was
reduced by 50 to 70 percent. Labor cost as well is reduced about 50-80 % by adopting 3D Printing
Technology. There are some other concerns, comparing to the time required for a traditional
concrete building, and the necessity to build homes of the same level, with one shot as is
pretended from the development of this technology in the coming years. Normal concrete that
workers of Asia and Europe are dealing with usually ( as in North America, they taking care of
steel and wood ), remain at the mercy of weather in order to dry out and can even be destroyed if
it is exposed to rain while the construction process is going on. If traditional methods are used for
building, a home it can take at least 4 months irrespective of the continent.
3. Transformation of the building design
Maybe it can result futuristic, but this industry would change also the concept of the most
conservatives as European architects are. The classical building of Renaissance are difficult to
get reproduces as times is passing by, but the most innovators are beginning to reap the
rewards.
As mentioned in the begging of the history of
this technology, it was inside the labs and
was no ideas of how it would transform the
construction industry. How this futuristic new
tool would enable skyscrapers without the
need for teams of builders, scaffolding and cranes. “Health and safety”, would not be any more
an issue, in case you are working with robots instead.
Although, as you have read in the above paragraphs, it has the potential to construct entire
buildings, still it is only used to produce small-scale objects. According to latest feedback from
groups of well-known architects as Mr. Norman Foster printing an entire house still results to be
just a beautiful dream. Innovative ideas and technologies has to accept their maturity phase
and proof-of-concept in a country like China first, because it’s cost-viable there – they have the
momentum, the economies of scale to make it happen. That’s not the case in Europe or
America.” This is an opinion of UK-based manufacturer Active 3D company’s director Mr. Justin
Carpenter.

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CGI of DUS Architects’ 3D Print Canal House in Amsterdam
Although not every architect can accept the new
concept of 3D printing, there are new building as this
in Amsterdam, that are demonstrating to all sceptics
a different reality in the heart of Europe.
http://www.businessinsider.com/3d-printed-houses-are-here-2014-9
Innovation technology in construction industry can be founded in some network of architectures
and designers as the “unchecked evangelism”. It is just a second when you will press the button
to transmit the file from your computer to the machine that builds up your design, and all those
efforts during all history of construction will be just at the stands of museums. You have not to
take care of hundreds of processes that construction industry contains as one of the most co
Another change brought by 3D printing could be more significant and is accepted from the most
sceptics. Printing a curved wall costs the same as printing a straight one. A curved wall with a
varying width costs the same too. Geometry is free. Volume is a factor, but not complexity.
"Ocean scrapers" 3D Printed from Recycled Trash
Still, printing skyscrapers would need a long way
off. Referring to the most innovative architects and
material engineers, no one has developed a super-
material that would work for a whole building; one
that offers structural integrity; provides insulation;
is just as suitable inside as out. You can do that
with models, but not full-scale buildings.
Nevertheless, the projects are not missing and this
can be something in a near future
The reality may be that fully printed architecture may never be achievable. Hybrid building
techniques will emerge, with some parts of a building printed, and others installed manually.
“3D printing is just another way of making things.” Said of the best architects of Xavier De
Kestelier.

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4. Changing the business model innovation
From the sections above, it is quite clear that 3D printing technology have the potential to be
highly disruptive and lead to a significant business model innovation. One of the models to carry
out business model innovation is to create a significant changes to the components of business
model of construction industry. Besides enabling innovation on the model itself, this technology
have the potential to change the way business innovation is carried out.
With the existing business model the construction companies and their suppliers sometimes need
to shift from one business model to another either to leverage arising profit and growth
opportunities (Willemstein et al., 2007), or to avoid the potentially lethal effects of technological
shifts (Tongue and Engwall, 2014).
Companies that are running the existing business model of construction, has the risk of moving in
the existing or new markets, because significant investment have to be made before entering the
market. 3D printing technologies make those moves less risky as such, products can be
manufactured on demand and with very minimal costs. The same strategy can be adopted in the
existing markets and for entering in the new ones.
3D printing technologies can enable companies to move upstream or downstream. Firms may
leave the manufacturing to customers and focus on design and services. The design companies
from the other part that were dependent on intermediaries for the product manufacturing will
decide to take on their hands the whole process.
Home fabrication and positive feedback
loop between business model components.
In the case of 3D printing, the overall effect is, thus, ambiguous. Indeed, while Rapid Prototyping
and Rapid Tooling are more likely to correspond to incremental and architectural innovation, Direct
Manufacturing and Home Fabrication probably relate more to modular and radical innovation.

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Yet, the traditional rationale for vertical integration (transaction costs and competence) may not
fully apply in the case of 3D printed objects because of mass customization. For example, if
consumers provide direct input into the conception of products and if they value personalized
products, then competence may remain largely distributed (including amongst consumers) and
accessible, and transaction costs may well be offset by the additional value created by
customization.
Overall, 3D printing technologies enable business models to become modular and adaptable.
Firms can then decide, depending on the environment to adopt a narrow (focused on one
particular market) or wide, long (e.g., design, manufacturing and distribution) or short (just design)
business model. Furthermore, business models become fully ‘mobile’ and can be moved up/down
or sideways, as needed.
5. Transformation of our cities in the future
Based on the Statistics from Gartner (http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3139118) , the world of
3D Printing will grow exponentially, estimating 5.6 million units worldwide shipped within 2019.
Panel of experts from CSC and NASA Experts, predicts
that 3D printing will turn manufacturing on its head,
leaving behind other operations as forging, grinding,
milling and assembly.
The impact should be just as dramatic in the
construction industry as 3D print technology affects not
only how buildings are built, but also their look and their surroundings.
With 3D-printed concrete, however, the material itself is the form and can be layered on site
hollowed out for all internal building sub components that can be printed in site. That is because
printers themselves are working from detailed digital models. After quantifying the structure and
sub-components, the information is sent to printer 3D, that selects the appropriate material to
render the site.
This reduces error risk, lowers material waste and human labor costs, and speeds up production.
The process itself is safer, more eco-friendly and sustainable.
5.1 3D City Planning

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A real history of Massive 3D Printed Replica of Moldova’s Capital City,
Chisinau
Continuing the idea of city planning and transformation through 3D technology, it comes a new
innovative idea, to check before all the urban architecture of the modern cities all over the world.
One of this successful story is the design and prototyping with 3D printing of Moldova Capital,
Chisinau.
Prototypes are used to put architecture into tangible form, with an easy way to go back to the
drawing board and make tweaks until
everything is just right. This will all be very
helpful for a large project in the works for
making a 3D printed replica of Chisinau.
Time after time, designers and architects or
urban engineers using 3D Modelling not to
just the architecture contemporary to us,
but going back also to see and show us
how the things were once upon the time.
The city of Chisinau
Through the innovative idea of one group of architects, they are keeping themselves busy as they
are planning to design and re-create the entire replica of Chisinau.
Similar to the project recently completed for St. Petersburg,
this complex 3D printing project (code named ‘EYE’)
displaying Chisinau, will allow it to be shown in quite the
extensive, in LED lights. It will offer quite a dramatic look for
those who see it after dark. The aesthetics should be
incredible to see once it is finished, with plans to encase the
entire 3D printed Chisinau replica in glass blocks.
Chisinau is particularly well visited because it is connected to multiple other countries by train, as
well as auto and plane. Since the project will be completed, it is expected to be 400 square meters
in size. There is not yet an estimated date for the eventual unveiling.

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Looks that this technology used from architects will allow in the future making all necessary plans
and adoption in such mini-replicas, in order to create a better view and understanding of the future
developments plans of urban zones and city center.
From the other part, those kiosk of 3D printing in
miniature will be used as visiting places, where
viewers are able to find out more about the capital
city, including history about Moldova and
information about the culture, present and past.
The Faculty of Urbanism and Architecture of
the Technical University of Moldova will be
responsible for the informational kiosk.
Thumbnail for 3D printed replica of Chisinau
6. China the land of opportunities and Africa the future battlefield
7.1 The rapid development of 3D printing
If we are going to discuss for a place where
pragmatic building structures can take place easily, I
believe that China is the ideal for using 3D Printing
technology for construction purposes. The
technology can find a lot of space to get developed
potentially in China, as it will still be a big issue to
accommodate millions of people that are looking for
leaving spaces in a country that is still under
urbanization process. As was mentioned, the well-known Chinese production company of 3D
Houses WinSun, on 2015 start successfully the production of 10 basic buildings within a single
day.
Each of the buildings measured 6.6 meters in height, 10 meters in width and roughly 20 meters in
length, for the staggeringly low cost of just US$5,000. WinSun said the buildings, which had been
printed in the Jiangsu city of Suzhou, would be assembled in Shanghai for use as offices by the
local government.

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The CEO of WinSun said the structures were highly
economical and environmentally friendly, given that
they employed recycled materials and could be built
in such a brief period. The sustainable nature of the
process is of particular importance in China given the
country’s ongoing struggle with the pollution caused
by the industrialization and development process.
On the other part, the big demand for the house in such countries like middle Africa, can be a very
possible solution, as Chinese investors are seeing Africa as the starting station of their world
economic expansion and the
most important business
partner after next 20-30 years.
In order to remain economically
competitive, Africa should
accelerate the process of
transitioning to high-value
manufacturing by acquiring and
developing capabilities in 3D
printing technology. This
transition cannot be realized by
merely repeating what China has done, to relocate Chinese plants to Africa.
According to “The Economist”, the third industrial revolution can be the 3D printing technology
development in Africa. Yet uptake of the technology has been slow and the discussion about its
relevance and potential for African development is rather muted. From the other part, the Egyptian
government, meanwhile, has already signed a deal for 20,000 single-story dwellings in the desert.
Winsun will provide the printer and formula for making “ink” from sand, and the houses will be
printed on site. Interesting times indeed are coming for the future of 3D printing in construction.

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7. Building a Lunar Base with 3D Printing
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e42plTx9cEI
Looks that 3D printing would not be the revolutionary technology it is meant to be if its use in
building construction were limited to applications on Earth. European Space Agency and NASA
have both are looking for the possibility of building structures on the Moon and March.
Here starts immediately the questions, what is the material they are going to us there. One
potential idea is to use lunar regolith as a construction material, to limit the amount of mass that
needs to be transported into space. The combination of magnesium oxide and a binding salt to
transform the lunar soil into a building material. These processes will be used to construct lunar
building structures and then house the lunar occupants in inflatable modules inside of these 3D
printed structures.
Meanwhile NASA is taking care of
sintering, i.e. bringing a material
just below its melting point with a
laser to merge its particles. This
way, lunar dust might be
transformed into building blocks
without any additional binding
materials. A lunar base could
then be built with these ceramic-
like blocks autonomously or
remotely controlled by a robot. This fantastic project of moon-base would involve mobile 3D
printers, scooping us moon dust for use as “INK” during the construction. The efficiencies this
would bring could reduce the cost of space travel significantly.

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8. The promise of 3D Printing Technology
There are many opinions nowadays from innovators, architectures, and construction company
leaders that are expressing on different forums and media, regarding the sustainability of this
industry and also the promise, if it will be the real future of construction.
The additive manufacturing and computational materials will challenge a new era for construction
engineers. It is a real change from traditional building industry that is primarily with bulk material.
However, there are big questions about the molecular
composition of each beam and the composition of the
material. 3D printing opens a new frontier for understanding
the mechanical properties of layered, non-isotropic materials
that all start as a slurry.
There will need to be much testing to determine variables like
density, porosity, compressive and tensile strength and
thermal coefficient.
A 3D-printed structure for the affordable housing market in the Middle East. (Photos
c/o Gensler).
Although, there are many opinions of the engineers worldwide, that can be out of the discussion
for the scope of this assignment (as I am not an expert of this field although I have a lot of desire
to investigate on the subject). After reading carefully many articles regarding the construction
industry and innovation proposal from the leading companies of 3D Printing, I can shortly express
some of my thoughts.
Most building materials today are “dumb.” They passively bear
loads or define architectural space or features. Programmable
materials have fundamental logic that can respond to moisture,
sunlight or temperature to change and transform in useful
ways. They could develop into a moisture barrier or acquire
specific acoustical properties.
Alternatively, they could make a steel connection more precise
than you could ever do with humans or machines; it could

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tighten itself up, the way Japanese wood joinery uses water to swell the wood and tighten a joint.
That approach has been around for hundreds or thousands of years; and companies are just
rethinking to bring back again in a transformed model.
Although there are many engineering questions still to be addressed. The main big issue is the
quality of the material. There are many initiatives with new materials. The early 3D adopters today
are the materials producers, who are interested in testing the potential for their materials in
extruded form. Some are the usual players: providers of sand, aggregate, cement, gypsum.
However, some are not, such as those who make glass microspheres, recycle plastics and collect
foundry slag and shredded tires. With crushed tires, for example, you can literally print shock
absorbers.
Another interesting topic of 3D printing is the networking. I can enable a networked way of working
allowing people to made-to-measure, local solutions
instead of pre-fabricated ones. There is a lot of
interest from developing countries, that wanting to
print with local materials.
With a networked printing process, we can
communicate with large groups of people and deliver
architecture all over the globe.
9. Conclusions
How will 3D printing change the way we think about design and construction?
Where will it gain a foothold?
A. Several benefits are offered by 3D printing that can indeed create a new revolution for the
construction industry in the coming days. Since the process is less expensive, it can also
have a big impact on the affordability of the future houses. As this process requires reduced
costs of labor and lower usage of materials, the construction method that evolves is
comparatively less expensive thus creasing houses on lower-costs.
B. The 3D printing can be one of the most innovative efforts to change completely the
construction industry to a next level. It will not be any more just exclusivity of designers and
architects but also normal people can request to build their own projects from the

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construction files to the implementers that will be the owners of printing machines. This will
liberalize a lot the industry and will change completely the role of architect and construction
profession in a couple of 20-30 years.
C. Although, there are a lot of pros and cons about the material quality and the gravity
problems of the buildings, I do strongly believe that in the future after an intensive research
that is coming from most innovative cells of Universities and research centers all over the
world, it will come for sure the material that can be support for building high-buildings as
skyscrapers etc.
D. From the other part, the whole process of construction will be completely revolutionized, as
construction personnel is going to be changed or adapted, less people are required and
time consumption will be less and much more efficient.
E. The whole business model will be innovative, and changed dramatically. Construction
companies may leave the manufacturing to customers and focus on design and services.
The design companies from the other part that were dependent on intermediaries for the
product manufacturing will decide to take on their hands the whole process.
F. Still the costs of the printers is still expensive and building huge buildings are requiring
massive printing devices that for the moment remains utopic for all level of construction
companies, especially the ones who are in the business enterprise levels like skyscrapers
etc. in biggest metropolis centers of the world.
G. It can be a very good solution for cheap houses especially in China and Africa as well,
where demand for cheap houses is still on very big values. The price of 5-10K USD
proposed so far from Chinese companies is very promising for big implementations through
this fourth revolution, as it is mentioned some days before in Economic Forum of DAVOS,
Switzerland.
H. The technology will allow the constructors all over the world to share the information they
would like to with their colleagues and the network of printing technology will be used to
check models online in very few minutes and having the feedback of everybody interested
to the model.
I. Finally, I believe that in couple of years, humanity will try to build the first interspace basis in
Moon or March via this technology and 3D printers we will revolutionize the whole
construction not only in earth planet but also in space, where we are looking for new
opportunities in the near future.

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References:
https://buildingradar.com/construction-blog/how-3d-printing-could-revolutionise-the-construction-
industry/
http://www.intelibuild.com/evolution-of-3d-printing-ronan-collins-panel-member/
http://www.luxresearchinc.com/news-and-events/press-releases/read/3d-printing-comes-building-
and-construction-industry
https://sourceable.net/3d-printing-poised-to-transform-building-sector/#
http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/66684078-e58a-11e3-a7f5-00144feabdc0.html#axzz3zwxTp2f2
http://www.constructionglobal.com/infrastructure/439/How-3d-printing-is-changing-the-global-
construction-industry-forever
http://www.builtworlds.com/news/2015/7/20/tt20-the-promise-of-3d-printing
http://sservi.nasa.gov/articles/building-a-lunar-base-with-3d-printing/
Reference (CEU Library document: From rapid prototyping to home fabrication: How 3D printing is changing
business model innovation) Thierry Rayna, Ludmila Striukova
Document from CEU library ->
1-s2.0-S0040162515
002425-main.pdf
http://www.sculpteo.com/blog/2015/07/07/guide-to-the-best-crowdfunding-platforms-for-3d-
printing/
http://vrworld.com/2015/07/27/is-3d-printing-the-future-of-construction-too/
http://www.cnet.com/news/worlds-first-3d-printed-apartment-building-constructed-in-china/
http://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/feb/26/3d-printed-cities-future-housing-architecture