2. INTRODUCTION
Convert (waste) into reusable material.
Return (material) to previous stage in cyclic
process.
Processing used material into new product.
Reduce energy usage ,reduce air & water
pollution, lower emission of green house gases.
Recyclable material :-glass, paper ,metal and
electronics.
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3. Recycling :-creating original products again.eg:-office
paper to office paper.
Not cost effective hence reusing is predominantly made.
Getting salvage :-certain material with intrinsic value are
extracted.
eg :- lead – car battery ,gold from
computers.
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4. HISTORY
Recorded in 400 B.C. by Plato.
Archeological study stated scarce availability of
raw materials made them reuse it.
Europe :Pre industrial times:-evidence and
bronze being reused.
Britain :- dust and ash collected from coal
burning was used as base material for brick
making.
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6. GOVERNMENT MANDATED DEMAND
FOR COMPANIES
Forced to include recycling in their
operation.
Minimum recycling content mandates .
Utilization rates.
Recycled product labeling.
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7. PROCESS
Collection.
Drop off centers.
Buy back centers.
Curbside collection.
Sorting.
cleaned ,reprocessed into new
materials.
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8. COMMON RECYCLABLES
CONCRETE AGGREGATE.
put in crushing machine with asphalt ,
brick, dirt and rocks.
Used as gravel for new construction.
If free of contaminants even used for new
concrete creation
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9. BATTERIES
Ordinary batteries:-
Since toxic content available was hard to handle.
Lead acid batteries:-
recycling rate 90%.
Contain 80% of recycled materials.
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10. BIODEGRADABLE WASTE
Recycled by breaking down waste material by
aerobic bacteria.
Can be done in house hold scale also.
Municipal house collection programs.
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11. ELECTRONIC DISASSEMBLY AND
RECLAMATION.
Direct disposal banned due to toxic contents
availability.
metals plastic circuit boards separated,
component recycling made in cost effective
manner.
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12. FERROUS METALS AND NON FERROUS METALS
Steel :-
Any grade was recycled
into top quality new
model .
42% of the crude steel is
from recycled material.
Aluminum:-
most efficient and
widely-recycled
material
Recycling aluminium
saves 95% of the
energy cost of
processing new
aluminium.
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13. GLASS RECYCLING
Sorted to colour categories.
Recycled indefinitely as its structure does not
deteriotate.
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14. PAPER
Recycled by combining it with new pulp.
Quality decreases with each time.
Paper coated with plastic, aluminium foil ,wax are
not recyclable .pasted or gummed paper not
recyclable.
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16. WATER
About 70% of earths surface is water.
Mostly of ocean only 3% is fresh water.
Ground water contaminated from pollutants.
Mostly because of inadequately treated industrial
effluents.
Agro chemical pesticides entered into
underground water.
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17. Environmental effects of recycling
Material Energy Savings Air Pollution Savings
Aluminium 95% 95%
Cardboard 24% —
Glass 5-30% 20%
Paper 40% 73%
Plastics 70% —
Steel 60% —
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19. CONCLUSION
Technical university of Denmark.
83% of cases recycling is most efficient way of
disposal of house hold wastes.
Without recycling.
Zinc would run out in 2037.
Indium and hafnium would run out in 2017
Terbium gone before 2012
Reduce carbon emission by 90%.
Saves energy ,Saves money ,saves trees.
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