31.Singh S, Mirdha N, Shilpa PH, Tiwari RVC, Abdul MSM, Sainudeen S. Shaping Ability of 2Shape and WaveOne Gold Files Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2019 May-Jun;9(3):245-249. doi: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_411_18. Epub 2019 Jun 7. PubMed PMID: 31198696; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6559050.
The demands for orthodontic treatment are in continuous increasing, hence producing an ideal treatment plan need to cover all stages of the treatment carefully, especially the retention and stabilization stage. As, any changing in the arch width through changing the inter-molar width will lead to impair the stabilization of the arch and will lead to relapse. Due to that, the present study performed to evaluate the inter-molar width of the mandible using three different commercial orthodontic wires. Thirty patients had been allocated in this study, using a cone beam computed tomography to create an assessment for the inter-molar width. It concluded that there is an increase in the inter-molar width between pre-treatment and after finishing of aligning stage, also there is a highly significant increase in post-aligning stage between the three groups.
Objective: The aim of the present study was to make an evaluation of inter-canine width before and after the stage of levelling and alignment in the mandible using three different orthodontic arch wires. Subjects and methods: Thirty orthodontic patients both males and females were selected and treated by the same researcher. The patients were randomly divided equally into three groups according to the type of wire that was used, so Group A, B and C will be used. Group A, this group included 10 patients treated with (CNA) wire. Group B, this group included 10 patients treated with (Cu NITI) wire. Group C, this group included 10 patients treated with (NITI) wire. Results: The results showed that inter-canine width showed no significance after the finishing of the leveling and alignment stage.
Micro-computed tomographic assessment of dentinal microcrack formation in str...DR.AJAY BABU GUTTI M.D.S
Micro-computed tomographic assessment of
dentinal microcrack formation in straight and
curved root canals in extracted teeth prepared
with hand, rotary and reciprocating instruments IEJ 2021
Objective: The aims of this study isto evaluate the inter-premolar width changes in the mandible using three different commercial orthodontic arch wires. Subjects and methods: Thirty patients including both males and females have been allocated in this study. Three orthodontic wires including NiTi, copper NiTi, and Beta-Titanium wires had been used. A special observational technique including cbct had been used to make an evaluation for the inter-premolar width before and after the aligning stage. Results: The results showed a highly significant increase in post-treatment inter premolar width in CNA and NITI groups; compared to Cu NITI group; with highly significant statistical difference (p < 0.01 respectively). Conclusion: The present study showed that there is a high significant increase in the inter-premolar width in the mandible, when comparing the wires in the groups (NiTi, CNA, and copper niti). Also, the gender of the patient does not seem to have an impact of the gender on post-treatment efficacy of each wire.
The demands for orthodontic treatment are in continuous increasing, hence producing an ideal treatment plan need to cover all stages of the treatment carefully, especially the retention and stabilization stage. As, any changing in the arch width through changing the inter-molar width will lead to impair the stabilization of the arch and will lead to relapse. Due to that, the present study performed to evaluate the inter-molar width of the mandible using three different commercial orthodontic wires. Thirty patients had been allocated in this study, using a cone beam computed tomography to create an assessment for the inter-molar width. It concluded that there is an increase in the inter-molar width between pre-treatment and after finishing of aligning stage, also there is a highly significant increase in post-aligning stage between the three groups.
Objective: The aim of the present study was to make an evaluation of inter-canine width before and after the stage of levelling and alignment in the mandible using three different orthodontic arch wires. Subjects and methods: Thirty orthodontic patients both males and females were selected and treated by the same researcher. The patients were randomly divided equally into three groups according to the type of wire that was used, so Group A, B and C will be used. Group A, this group included 10 patients treated with (CNA) wire. Group B, this group included 10 patients treated with (Cu NITI) wire. Group C, this group included 10 patients treated with (NITI) wire. Results: The results showed that inter-canine width showed no significance after the finishing of the leveling and alignment stage.
Micro-computed tomographic assessment of dentinal microcrack formation in str...DR.AJAY BABU GUTTI M.D.S
Micro-computed tomographic assessment of
dentinal microcrack formation in straight and
curved root canals in extracted teeth prepared
with hand, rotary and reciprocating instruments IEJ 2021
Objective: The aims of this study isto evaluate the inter-premolar width changes in the mandible using three different commercial orthodontic arch wires. Subjects and methods: Thirty patients including both males and females have been allocated in this study. Three orthodontic wires including NiTi, copper NiTi, and Beta-Titanium wires had been used. A special observational technique including cbct had been used to make an evaluation for the inter-premolar width before and after the aligning stage. Results: The results showed a highly significant increase in post-treatment inter premolar width in CNA and NITI groups; compared to Cu NITI group; with highly significant statistical difference (p < 0.01 respectively). Conclusion: The present study showed that there is a high significant increase in the inter-premolar width in the mandible, when comparing the wires in the groups (NiTi, CNA, and copper niti). Also, the gender of the patient does not seem to have an impact of the gender on post-treatment efficacy of each wire.
Diagnosis of Vertical Root Fracture Using Digital Radiography, Helical Comput...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Tiwari R, Chakravarthi PS, Kattimani VS, Lingamaneni KP. A Perioral Soft Tissue evaluation after Orthognathic Surgery Using Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Scan. The Open Dentistry Journal. 2018; 12:366-376. doi:10.2174/1874210601812010366.
Assessment of correlation of periodontitis in teeth adjacent to implant and p...Dr. Anuj S Parihar
Aims: The present study was conducted to determine correlation between peri‑implantitis and periodontitis in adjacent teeth. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 58 patients with 84 dental implants. They were divided into two groups, group I (50) was with peri‑implantitis and group II (34) was without it. In all patients, probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) was calculated around implant, adjacent to implant and on contralateral side. Obtained data were statistically analyzed using statistical software IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp with one‑way analysis of variance. Results: Males were 30 with 52 dental implants and females were 28 with 32 dental implants. CAL was 5.82 ± 0.52 in group I and 3.62 ± 0.63 in group II (P = 0.001) around implants. PD was 4.28 ± 1.26 in group I and 2.20 ± 0.52
in group II around adjacent teeth (P = 0.002). PD around contralateral teeth was significant (P = 0.05) in group I (3.18 ± 1.01) and group II (2.71 ± 0.73). Conclusion: Periodontitis has negative effect on implant success. Teeth adjacent to dental implant plays an important role in deciding the success or failure of implant. Maintenance of periodontal health is of paramount importance for successful implant therapy.
COMPARISON OF RADIATION DOSE AND IMAGE QUALITY BETWEEN THE SINGLE DETECTOR CT...AM Publications
Research has been done by comparing radiation dose profile and image quality to single detector CT (SDCT) and multi detector CT (MDCT). The method of measuring dose accuracy and linearity of the output dose is done by placing a dose pencil on the iso center position in the middle of the gantry. The scanning parameters use axial mode with the acquisition factor of 120 kV, 25 - 250 mAs, 1 sec rotation time and 5 -10 mm slice thickness. Head Phantom CTDI diameter of 16 cm is used for CT dose index (CTDI) measurement. These measurements use a routine head examination protocol provided by CT Scan. Evaluation of image quality using fantom Gammex ACR 464. The resulting data is normalized to obtain constant image noise between SDCT and MDCT. SDCT resulted in a linearity coefficient of radiation dose output ranging from 0.017 to 0.085 higher than MDCT ranging from 0.007 to 0.055. The accuracy of DOSIS radiation at 120 kV / 100 mAs from SDCT is 23.3 mGy and 31.2 mGy whereas MDCT ranges from 11.17 - 28.57 mGy. The standard deviation of radiation dose distribution pattern with CTDI head phantom ranged from 1.7 to 5.8. While the results of image quality measurement, linearity response to 5 standard materials indicate that they are within the range of HU reference values. Evaluation of homogeneity of CT number accuracy, uniformity of noise and uniformity of CT,center and CT,edge respectively are in the range -7 and + 7 HU, 0,258 and 1,123 HU and 0,93 - 3,85 HU. Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR) measurements range from 1.03 - 2.72. In addition, the results of spatial resolution measurements range from 6 - 7 lp / cm. From the overall evaluation shows, that MDCT has a better score than a SDCT. However, when compared with standard reference values, a single CT detector can be retained as an imaging modality to support the patient's diagnostic process.
Journal club on Connective tissue graft associated or not with low laser ther...Shilpa Shiv
Connective tissue graft associated or not with low laser therapy to treat gingival recession: randomized clinical trial, Fernandes-Dias SB, de Marco AC, Santamaria Junior M et al.
JCP 2015.
PRE-EXTRACTION RECORDS ARE RELIABLE TOOL FOR COMPLETE DENTURE FABRICATION: AN...Kumari Kalpana
Pre-extraction records provide important clinical data for the continuing treatment of the complete denture patient. These data reveal the progressive changes which occur when natural teeth are extracted. Many methods of recording pre-extraction data have been advocated. Dentists use arbitrary methods while determining the vertical dimension of occlusion and arranging the maxillary anterior teeth. Though there are many advances in techniques and materials employed in the field of prosthodontics for recording vertical dimension at occlusion; still, there is no accurate method for assessing vertical dimension of occlusion in edentulous patients and henceforth difficulty is faced by clinician during denture fabrication. Prosthodontists who do not make use of pre-extraction records and consider the natural findings of the patient while denture fabrication lack the scientific component in denture fabrication, translating into compromised patient‟s satisfaction. Every denture should be characterized according to existing state rather than performing a pearl like arrangement of artificial teeth. Pre-extraction records provide a useful guide while fabricating denture and it should be preferred over arbitrary methods which are commonly used. Therefore, pre-extraction records serve as a reliable tool during denture fabrication.
Diagnosis of Vertical Root Fracture Using Digital Radiography, Helical Comput...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Tiwari R, Chakravarthi PS, Kattimani VS, Lingamaneni KP. A Perioral Soft Tissue evaluation after Orthognathic Surgery Using Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Scan. The Open Dentistry Journal. 2018; 12:366-376. doi:10.2174/1874210601812010366.
Assessment of correlation of periodontitis in teeth adjacent to implant and p...Dr. Anuj S Parihar
Aims: The present study was conducted to determine correlation between peri‑implantitis and periodontitis in adjacent teeth. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 58 patients with 84 dental implants. They were divided into two groups, group I (50) was with peri‑implantitis and group II (34) was without it. In all patients, probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) was calculated around implant, adjacent to implant and on contralateral side. Obtained data were statistically analyzed using statistical software IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp with one‑way analysis of variance. Results: Males were 30 with 52 dental implants and females were 28 with 32 dental implants. CAL was 5.82 ± 0.52 in group I and 3.62 ± 0.63 in group II (P = 0.001) around implants. PD was 4.28 ± 1.26 in group I and 2.20 ± 0.52
in group II around adjacent teeth (P = 0.002). PD around contralateral teeth was significant (P = 0.05) in group I (3.18 ± 1.01) and group II (2.71 ± 0.73). Conclusion: Periodontitis has negative effect on implant success. Teeth adjacent to dental implant plays an important role in deciding the success or failure of implant. Maintenance of periodontal health is of paramount importance for successful implant therapy.
COMPARISON OF RADIATION DOSE AND IMAGE QUALITY BETWEEN THE SINGLE DETECTOR CT...AM Publications
Research has been done by comparing radiation dose profile and image quality to single detector CT (SDCT) and multi detector CT (MDCT). The method of measuring dose accuracy and linearity of the output dose is done by placing a dose pencil on the iso center position in the middle of the gantry. The scanning parameters use axial mode with the acquisition factor of 120 kV, 25 - 250 mAs, 1 sec rotation time and 5 -10 mm slice thickness. Head Phantom CTDI diameter of 16 cm is used for CT dose index (CTDI) measurement. These measurements use a routine head examination protocol provided by CT Scan. Evaluation of image quality using fantom Gammex ACR 464. The resulting data is normalized to obtain constant image noise between SDCT and MDCT. SDCT resulted in a linearity coefficient of radiation dose output ranging from 0.017 to 0.085 higher than MDCT ranging from 0.007 to 0.055. The accuracy of DOSIS radiation at 120 kV / 100 mAs from SDCT is 23.3 mGy and 31.2 mGy whereas MDCT ranges from 11.17 - 28.57 mGy. The standard deviation of radiation dose distribution pattern with CTDI head phantom ranged from 1.7 to 5.8. While the results of image quality measurement, linearity response to 5 standard materials indicate that they are within the range of HU reference values. Evaluation of homogeneity of CT number accuracy, uniformity of noise and uniformity of CT,center and CT,edge respectively are in the range -7 and + 7 HU, 0,258 and 1,123 HU and 0,93 - 3,85 HU. Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR) measurements range from 1.03 - 2.72. In addition, the results of spatial resolution measurements range from 6 - 7 lp / cm. From the overall evaluation shows, that MDCT has a better score than a SDCT. However, when compared with standard reference values, a single CT detector can be retained as an imaging modality to support the patient's diagnostic process.
Journal club on Connective tissue graft associated or not with low laser ther...Shilpa Shiv
Connective tissue graft associated or not with low laser therapy to treat gingival recession: randomized clinical trial, Fernandes-Dias SB, de Marco AC, Santamaria Junior M et al.
JCP 2015.
PRE-EXTRACTION RECORDS ARE RELIABLE TOOL FOR COMPLETE DENTURE FABRICATION: AN...Kumari Kalpana
Pre-extraction records provide important clinical data for the continuing treatment of the complete denture patient. These data reveal the progressive changes which occur when natural teeth are extracted. Many methods of recording pre-extraction data have been advocated. Dentists use arbitrary methods while determining the vertical dimension of occlusion and arranging the maxillary anterior teeth. Though there are many advances in techniques and materials employed in the field of prosthodontics for recording vertical dimension at occlusion; still, there is no accurate method for assessing vertical dimension of occlusion in edentulous patients and henceforth difficulty is faced by clinician during denture fabrication. Prosthodontists who do not make use of pre-extraction records and consider the natural findings of the patient while denture fabrication lack the scientific component in denture fabrication, translating into compromised patient‟s satisfaction. Every denture should be characterized according to existing state rather than performing a pearl like arrangement of artificial teeth. Pre-extraction records provide a useful guide while fabricating denture and it should be preferred over arbitrary methods which are commonly used. Therefore, pre-extraction records serve as a reliable tool during denture fabrication.
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60.Srinivasan S, Velusamy G, Munshi MAI, Radhakrishnan K, Tiwari RVC. Comparative Study of Antifungal Efficacy of Various Endodontic Irrigants with and without Clotrimazole in Extracted Teeth Inoculated with Candida albicans. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2020 Dec 1;21(12):1325-1330. PubMed PMID: 33893253.
Mathew P, Kattimani VS, Tiwari RV, Iqbal MS, Tabassum A, Syed KG. New Classification System for Cleft Alveolus: A Computed Tomography-based Appraisal. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2020 Aug 1;21(8):942-948. PubMed PMID: 33568619
Sahu S, Patley A, Kharsan V, Madan RS, Manjula V, Tiwari RVC. Comparative evaluation of efficacy and latency of twin mix vs 2% lignocaine HCL with 1:80000 epinephrine in surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Feb;9(2):904-908. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_998_19. eCollection 2020 Feb. PubMed PMID: 32318443; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7113948.
65.Izna, Sasank Kuntamukkula VK, Khanna SS, Salokhe O, Chandra Tiwari RV, Tiwari H. Knowledge and Apprehension of Dental Health Professionals Pertaining to COVID in Southern India: A Questionnaire Study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2021 Jun;13(Suppl 1):S448-S451. doi: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_551_20. Epub 2021 Jun 5. PubMed PMID: 34447131; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8375944.
Vohra P, Belkhode V, Nimonkar S, Potdar S, Bhanot R, Izna, Tiwari RVC. Evaluation and diagnostic usefulness of saliva for detection of HIV antibodies: A cross-sectional study. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 May;9(5):2437-2441. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_138_20. eCollection 2020 May. PubMed PMID: 32754516; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7380795
Mittal S, Hussain SA, Tiwari RVC, Poovathingal AB, Priya BP, Bhanot R, Tiwari H. Extensive pelvic and abdominal lymphadenopathy with hepatosplenomegaly treated with radiotherapy-A case report. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Feb;9(2):1215-1218. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1125_19. eCollection 2020 Feb. PubMed PMID: 32318498; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7113973.
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More from CLOVE Dental OMNI Hospitals Andhra Hospital (20)
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is India's national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Operating under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the CDSCO is responsible for approving new drugs, conducting clinical trials, setting standards for drugs, controlling the quality of imported drugs, and coordinating the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice.
Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. The primary aim of pharmacovigilance is to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicines, thereby protecting public health.
In India, pharmacovigilance activities are monitored by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), which works closely with CDSCO to collect, analyze, and act upon data regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Together, they play a critical role in ensuring that the benefits of drugs outweigh their risks, maintaining high standards of patient safety, and promoting the rational use of medicines.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Adv. biopharm. APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMSAkankshaAshtankar
MIP 201T & MPH 202T
ADVANCED BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS : UNIT 5
APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS By - AKANKSHA ASHTANKAR
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
2. Singh, et al.: Shaping ability of 2Shape and WaveOne Gold
246 Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry ¦ Volume 9 ¦ Issue 3 ¦ May-June 2019
There is a paucity of literature comparing the shaping
ability of 2Shape and WOG. Therefore, this study was
planned. Null hypothesis tested as new manufacturing
methods and type of rotary motion will not have any
effect on their shaping ability of root canals.
Materials and Methods
Sample size was calculated, and thirty freshly extracted
mandibular molars were selected, which on radiographic
evaluation had canal curvature of 25°–30°, and samples
were stored in normal saline till use. Cone‑beam
computed tomographic scanning was done before
instrumentation.
Teeth were accessed with the aid of Endo‑Access
bur (Dentsply Maillefer) in a high‑speed airotor. Through
the mesiobuccal canals (MB), 10 K size files (Dentsply
Maillefer) were inserted, and the curvature of the canal
was evaluated according to Schneider’s method. Canals
with curvatures of 25°–30° were included for shaping
and cleaning. Distal roots were sectioned using low‑speed
diamond disc with the respective part of the crown from
the furcation level and discarded, and only the mesial
roots were used for the study. The determination of
the working length was established by inserting size
10 K‑file to root canal terminus and subtracting 1 mm
from this measurement which was then confirmed using
electronic apex locator. The teeth were marked from 1
to 30 and divided randomly into two groups of 15 each
after randomization of the sample.
Group 1 (2S, n = 15): Instrumented with
2Shape (MicroMega, France) in the sequence
TS1>TS2 (6%/#25) as it can be considered as standard
control preparation in continuous rotation in pecking
motion according to manufacturer’s recommendations.
Group 2 (WOG, n = 15): Instrumented with primary
file (7%/#25) WOG (Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland)
in reciprocating motion (clockwise – 140° and
counterclockwise – 45°).
Root canal shaping
A single operator performed the root canal procedure
according to the manufacturer’s instructions for each
NiTi rotary system. Electric motor (X‑Smart plus;
Dentsply Maillefer) with a 16:1 reduction handpiece was
used for mechanical instrumentation with NiTi rotary
files. As a lubricating agent during instrumentation,
Glyde (Dentsply Maillefer) was used. A glide path
was performed using ProGlider (Dentsply Maillefer;
size 16, 0.02 taper) file to the working length. Apical
preparation was completed with a size 25 file using
the file order specified by the manufacturer. During
instrumentation, irrigation of the canals was done with
2 mL 5% NaOCl. After instrumentation, 1 mL of 17%
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was applied for 3 min
followed by final irrigation with 3 mL of NaOCl. Each
instrument was used to prepare three canals and then
discarded.
Cone‑beam computed tomography analysis
Custom‑made specimen holders were used for placement
of sectioned tooth in which each root could be positioned
in the same place before and after instrumentation.
Pre‑ and post‑instrumentation measurements of MB
canals were achieved. The volume of removed dentine
was measured in mm3 for each root canal by subtracting
the uninstrumented canal volume from the instrumented
canal volume [Figure 1]. Canal transportation and
centering ratio were calculated at three cross‑section
levels, i.e., 3, 5, and 7 mm from the apical end of the
root using the following equation:
Degree of canal transportation: Mesiodistally = (m1
− m2
)
− (d1
− d2
).
Canal centering ratio = (m1
− m2
)/(d1
− d2
) or (d1
− d2
)/
(m1
− m2
).
Statistical analysis
A statistical analysis (SPSS 15.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago,
IL, USA) of the data was performed, each set of
measurements were analyzed using the Kolmogorov–
Smirnov test. Statistical significance level was set at
P < 0.05.
Results
Volume of removed dentine
Table 1 shows the mean ± standard deviation of volume
of removed dentine (mm) for tested groups and statistical
analysis. There is no significant difference between the
two tested groups (P > 0.05).
Table 1: Mean and standard deviation values for volume of removed dentin detected at 3 different levels (mm)
Inner measurements Outer measurements
2 Shape WaveOne Gold P 2Shape WaveOne Gold P
Level 1 3 mm 0.07±0.01 0.09±0.03 0.655 0.13±0.03 0.18±0.09 0.201
Level 2 5 mm 0.22±0.04 0.25±0.06 0.317 0.19±0.08 0.22±0.04 0.362
Level 3 7 mm 0.26±0.06 0.28±0.03 0.449 0.21±0.03 0.26±0.07 0.391
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3. Singh, et al.: Shaping ability of 2Shape and WaveOne Gold
247
Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry ¦ Volume 9 ¦ Issue 3 ¦ May-June 2019
Canal transportation
There is no statistically significant difference reported
as shown in Table 2 for degree of canal transportation
mesiodistally for tested groups (P > 0.05). Graphical
representation of canal transportation is shown in
Graph 1.
Centering ratio
No statistically significant difference between the two
tested groups is noticed (P > 0.05), as shown in Table 3.
Graphical representation of canal transportation is shown
in Graph 2.
Table 2 shows the mean and standard deviation values of
the canal transportation at the three studied levels (3, 5,
and 7 mm) for each tested group. Both the tested groups
showed similar results when compared.
Table 3 shows the mean and standard deviation values
of the centering ratio at the three studied levels (3, 5,
and 7 mm) for each tested group. Both the tested groups
showed similar results when compared.
Discussion
The purpose of this study is to compare the shaping
ability of two recently introduced NiTi rotary instruments
recommended for the preparation of curved root canals,
one of which is activated by reciprocating movement
and one by continuous rotary movement. The following
parameters were evaluated: volume of removed dentin,
apical transportation, and centering ratio.
Crowns corresponding to the mesial roots were retained
to mimic the clinical conditions where the tension is
produced during canal instrumentation by file, due to the
interference of cervical dentine projections.[8]
For assessment of shaping ability, cone‑beam computed
tomography imaging technique was used as it provides a
specific, reproducible, and three‑dimensional assessment
Table 3: Centering ratio means and standard deviations
detected at 3 different levels (mm)
2Shape WaveOne Gold P
Level 1: 3 mm 1.4±0.13 1.0±0.15 0.596
Level 2: 5 mm 1.6±0.15 1.35±0.14 0.733
Level 3: 7 mm 1.67±0.13 1.55±0.15 0.610
Table 2: Mean and standard deviation values for the
amount of canal transportation irrespective of the
direction at 3 measurement levels (mm)
2Shape WaveOne Gold P
Level 1: 3 mm 0.07±0.032 0.09±0.02 0.376
Level 2: 5 mm 0.06±0.03 0.06±0.015 0.293
Level 3: 7 mm 0.05±0.035 0.065±0.018 0.501
Graph 1: Degree of canal transportation mesiodistally for tested groups
of dentine thickness and root canal volume alteration
before and after preparation without damaging the
specimens.[9]
The angle of curvature at 25°–30° was preferred as it is
considered as moderate curvature according to American
Association of Endodontists Endodontic Case Difficulty
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
3mm 5mm 7mm
Centering
ratio
Level of canal
2Shape
WaveOne Gold
Graph 2: Centering ratio for tested groups
Figure 1: Pre‑ and post‑instrumentation cone‑beam computed
tomography images
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4. Singh, et al.: Shaping ability of 2Shape and WaveOne Gold
248 Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry ¦ Volume 9 ¦ Issue 3 ¦ May-June 2019
Assessment to obtain results that cover a large scale of
cases.[10]
Curvatures with high susceptibility to iatrogenic mishaps
usually exist at these three levels: 3, 5, and 7 mm, which
represent the apical, middle, and coronal thirds of the
root canals, respectively; hence, they were chosen for
evaluation in the study.[11]
In this study, there was no statistically significant
difference reported between 2Shape and WOG systems
when the volume of removed dentin was evaluated, as
shown in Graph 1 (P > 0.05).
There was no statistically significant difference noted
between 2Shape and WOG systems (P > 0.05) while
assessing the canal transportation (Graph 2) and centering
ratio (Graph 3) at all the levels 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm. The
probable reason could be the tip design, metallurgy, file
cross‑section, and principle working motion of each file
system.
2Shape (2S) NiTi rotary file works on rotating motion
and is made of NiTi‑alloy called T‑wire which is a
method which allows for an increased resistance to
cyclic fatigue (+40%) and a better negotiation of
curvatures. The two instruments – TS1 (0.25/0.04) and
TS2 (0.25/0.06) return to their original shape after each
use. A latest generation of cross‑section with tripe helix:
two primary cutting edges and 1 secondary cutting‑edge
aids in the perfect compromise between cutting efficiency
and debris removal.[5]
WOG works on the principle of reciprocating motion and
is claimed to be able to completely shape and clean root
canals with only one single use instrument. These files
are made of a special NiTi‑alloy called G‑Wire which is
created by an innovative thermal treatment process. The
benefits of this G‑Wire NiTi are increased flexibility of
the instruments and improved resistance to cyclic fatigue.
Reverse helix, semi‑active and modified guiding tip,
and offset parallelogram‑shaped cross‑section limit the
engagement zone. Reciprocating movement minimizes
torsional and flexural stresses, increases the centering
ability of canal, and reduces the taper lock of the
instrument within the canal.[12‑15]
An in‑vitro study on shaping ability of Reciproc, WOG,
and HyFlex EDM Single‑file Systems in Simulated
S‑shaped Canals was conducted by Ozyurek et al. in
the year 2017; it was concluded that all the NiTi files
produced various levels of removal of resin.[12]
However,
the lower level of resin removal was reported with the
use of WOG and HEDM NiTi files as compared to the
RPC NiTi files. The results for WOG were in accordance
with our study stating less volume of removed dentin.[16]
Similarly, the results of the study done by Abdullah et al.
in 2018 comparing the shaping ability of ProTaper Gold
and WOG system in simulated S‑ and L‑shaped canals
revealed that there was a highly significant difference
noted in preparation, and it was concluded that WOG
showed better shaping ability with less canal aberrations
and faster canal preparation as compared to ProTaper
Gold.[17]
Hence, it is supporting the results of the current
study that WOG respects the canal anatomy better
when used for chemomechanical preparation. Simone
Staffoli et al. in 2018 conducted the study to compare
the centering ability of ProTaper Next and 2Shape file
system on simulated teeth with severe curvature; it
was reported that there was no significant difference in
centering ability of ProTaper Next and 2Shape. Both the
file systems showed some degree of canal transportation,
especially in the apical third.[18,19]
The 2Shape and WOG NiTi rotary systems revealed
comparable volume of removed dentine, canal
transportation, and centering ratio. There is a paucity of
literature on shaping ability of 2Shape system; hence,
the file system was selected for the study. Further
investigations to the metallurgy and mechanical properties
of these recent systems are required to gain insight on
how the proprietary advanced metallurgy processing of
these affects its properties. In addition, evaluations of the
clinical performance of these systems in vivo are needed
to provide reliable recommendations for endodontists.
Conclusion
Within the limitations of this in‑vitro study, both 2Shape
and WGO rotary systems performed similarly with
regard to volume of removed dentin, canal transportation,
and centering ratio and were able to maintain the original
canal curvature in mesial canals of mandibular molars.
Financial support and sponsorship
Nil.
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
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