3 embedded gr_ppapag_msp430_arch

CPE/EE 421 Microcomputers:
The MSP430 Introduction
Instructor: Dr Aleksandar Milenkovic
Lecture Notes

CPE/EE 421/521 Microcomputers 2
Outline
MSP430: An Introduction
 The MSP430 family
 Technology Roadmap
 Typical Applications
 The MSP430 Documentation
 MSP430 Architecture
 MSP430 Devices
 Getting Started with EasyWeb2
 MSP430 RISC core

The Family
 Broad family of TI’s 16-bit microcontrollers
 from 1Kbytes ROM, 128 bytes RAM (approx. $1 )
 to 60Kbytes ROM, 10Kbytes RAM ( $10)
 Three subfamilies
 MSP430x1xx: basic unit
 MSP430x3xx: more features
 MSP430x4xx: built-in LCD driver

Part numbering convention
 MSP430MtFaFbMc
 Mt : Memory type

C – ROM, F – Flash, P – OTP, E – EPROM
 Fa,Fb

10, 11 – basic

12, 13 – HW UART

14 – HW UART, HW multiplier

31, 32 – LCD Controller

33 – LCD controller, HW UART, HW multiplier

41 – LCD controller

43 - LCD controller, HW UART

44 - LCD controller, HW UART, HW multiplier

Part numbering convention
 MSP430MtFaFbMc
 Mc : Memory capacity

0: 1 Kb ROM, 128 b RAM

1: 2 KB ROM, 128 b RAM

2: 4 KB ROM, 256 b RAM

....

9: 60 KB ROM, 2 Kb RAM

MSP 430 Roadmap

Handheld Measurement
 Air Flow measurement
 Alcohol meter
 Barometer
 Data loggers
 Emission/Gas analyser
 Humidity measurement
 Temperature
measurement
 Weight scales
Medical Instruments
 Blood pressure meter
 Blood sugar meter
 Breath measurement
 EKG system
Home environment
 Air conditioning
 Control unit
 Thermostat
 Boiler control
 Shutter control
 Irrigation system
 White goods
(Washing machine,..)
Misc
 Smart card reader
 Taxi meter
 Smart Batteries
Utility Metering
 Gas Meter
 Water Meter
 Heat Volume Counter
 Heat Cost Allocation
 Electricity Meter
 Meter reading system (RF)
Sports equipment
 Altimeter
 Bike computer
 Diving watches
Security
 Glass break sensors
 Door control
 Smoke/fire/gas detectors
MSP430 Typical Applications

CPE/EE 421/521 Microcomputers 8An MSP430-Based System
LCD
Switches
RS232
controller
Thermistor
Analog I/O
RS232
2-axes
joystick
Adj. Vol. Regul.
LEDs
µC
Keypad

 Battery
 Microcontroller
 TI MSP430F149
 8-channel 12-bit AD conv.
 Accelerometer
 Movement detection
 Analog Device ADXL202
 Transceiver
 LINX 916 MHz
Basic WISE
Another MSP430-Based System

Tmote Sky Platform
 Texas Instruments 16-bit MSP430F149
microcontroller (2KB RAM, 60KB ROM)
 Chipcon 2420, 250kbps, 2.4GHz, IEEE 802.15.4
compliant wireless transceiver
with programmable output power
 Integrated onboard antenna with 50m range
indoors and 125m range outdoors
 Integrated humidity, temperature, and light
sensors

Tmote Sky Platform
http://www.moteiv.com

MSP430 Documentation
 MSP430 home page (TI)
 www.ti.com/msp430
 User’s manual (MSP430x1xx Family)
 http://www.ece.uah.edu/~milenka/cpe421-06S/docs/msp
 Datasheet
 TI Workshop document
 IAR Workbench Tutorial

MSP 430 Modular Architecture

CPU Introduction
 RISC architecture with 27 instructions and 7 addressing modes.
 Orthogonal architecture with every instruction usable with every
 addressing mode.
 Full register access including program counter, status registers,
and stack pointer.
 Single-cycle register operations.
 Large 16-bit register file reduces fetches to memory.
 16-bit address bus allows direct access and branching throughout
entire memory range.
 16-bit data bus allows direct manipulation of word-wide arguments.
 Constant generator provides six most used immediate values and
reduces code size.
 Direct memory-to-memory transfers without intermediate register
holding.
 Word and byte addressing and instruction formats.

MSP430 16-bit RISC
 Large 16-bit register file
eliminates single
accumulator bottleneck
 High-bandwidth 16-bit data
and address bus with no
paging
 RISC architecture with 27
instructions and 7
addressing modes
 Single-cycle register
operations with full-access
 Direct memory-memory
transfer designed for
modern programming
 Compact silicon 30%
smaller than an ‘8051 saves
power and cost

CPU Registers

Registers: PC (R0)
 Each instruction uses
an even number of bytes (2, 4, or 6)
 PC is word aligned (the LSB is 0)
MOV #LABEL,PC ; Branch to address LABEL
MOV LABEL,PC ; Branch to address contained in LABEL
MOV @R14,PC ; Branch indirect, indirect R14

Registers: SP (R1)
 Stack pointer for return addresses of
subroutines and interrupts
 SP is word aligned (the LSB is 0)
 Pre-decrement/post-increment scheme
MOV 2(SP),R6 ; Item I2 –> R6
MOV R7,0(SP) ; Overwrite TOS with R7
PUSH #0123h ; Put 0123h onto TOS
POP R8 ; R8 = 0123h

Registers: SR (R2)
 C: SR(0)
 Z: SR(1)
 N: SR(2)
 GIE (Global interrupt enable): SR(3)
 CPUOff: SR(4)
 OSCOff: SR(5)
 SCG1, SCG0: SR(7), SR(6)
 V: SR(8)

Status bits

Constant Generators
 As – source register addressing mode in
the instruction word

CISC / RISC Instruction Set

27 Core RISC Instructions

Emulated Instructions

51 Total Instructions

Double operand instructions

Single Operand Instruction

Jump Instructions

3 Instruction Formats

Addressing Modes

Register Addressing Mode

Register-Indexed
Addressing Mode

Symbolic Addressing Mode

Absolute Addressing Mode

Register Indirect
Addressing Mode

Register Indirect
Autoincrement Addressing Mode

Immediate Addressing Mode

Code Reduction Effect of
Constant Generator

Machine Cycles for Format I
Instructions

Machine Cycles for
Format II/III Instructions

MSP430 Memory Model

Memory Organization

MSP 430 Architecture: A Closer Look

MSPx430x14x Architecture
64 TQFP (The The Thin Quad Flat Pack package

Basic Clock System
Basic Clock Module
provides the clocks
for the MSP430
devices

Watchdog Timer
WDT module performs a
controlled system restart
after a software problem
occurs
• Can serve as an interval timer
(generates interrupts)
• WDT Control register is
password protected
• Note: Powers-up active

Timer_A
Timer_A is a 16-bit
timer/counter with three
capture/compare registers
• Capture external signals
• Compare PWM mode
• SCCI latch for
asynchronous
communication

Comparator_A
Comparator_A is an analog
voltage comparator
• Supports precision slope
analog-to-digital
conversions
• Supply voltage
supervision, and
• Monitoring of external
analog signals.

Digital I/O
Independently programmable
individual I/Os
• Up to 6 ports (P1 – P6)
• Each has 8 I/O pins
• Each pin can be
configured as input or
output
• P1 and P2 pins can be
configured to assert an
interrupt request
01234567
P1.
P6.
P2.
Input Register PxIN
Output Register PxOUT
Direction Register PxDIR
Interrupt Flag Register PxIFG
Interrupt Enable Register PxIE
Interrupt Edge Select Register PxIES
Function Select Register PxSEL
P3.
P5.
Port1
Port2
Port3
Port6
yes yes
yes no
yes no
yes no
yesyes
yesyes
yesyes
P4.
…

ADC12
High-performance 12-bit
analog-to-digital converter
• More than 200 Ksamples/sec
• Programmable sample&
hold
• 8 external input channels
• Internal storage

USART Serial Port
The universal synchronous/
asynchronous receive/transmit
(USART) peripheral interface
supports two serial modes with
one hardware module
• UART or SPI (Synchronous
Peripheral Interface) modes
• Double-buffered
• Baud-rate generator

Getting Started with EasyWeb2

Getting Started with EasyWeb2
//********************************************
// MSP-FET430P140 Demo - Software Toggle P2.1
//
// Description; Toggle P2.1 by xor'ing P2.1
// inside of a software loop.
// ACLK = n/a, MCLK = SMCLK = default DCO ~
800k
//
// MSP430F149
// -----------------
// /|| XIN|-
// | | |
// --|RST XOUT|-
// | |
// | P2.1|-->LED
//
// M. Buccini
// Texas Instruments, Inc
// January 2002
// Built with IAR Embedded Workbench Version:
1.25A
//
// @Alex Milenkovich, milenkovic@computer.org
// The University of Alabama in Huntsville
// February 2005
// Modified for easyWeb2 board to blink
// the Status led (port P2.1)
//********************************************
#include <msp430x14x.h>
void main(void)
{
// Stop watchdog timer
WDTCTL = WDTPW + WDTHOLD;
P2DIR |= 0x02; // Set P2.1 to output direction
for (;;)
{
unsigned int i;
// Toggle P2.1 using exclusive-OR
P2OUT ^= 0x02;
i = 50000; // Delay
do (i--);
while (i != 0);
}
}

3 embedded gr_ppapag_msp430_arch

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