Reading Strategy: Making Connection

1. Making Connections
Presented by:
Tri Ilma Septiana

2. What are Connections?
• Connections are link that readers can make between
what they are reading and things they already know
or experienced previously.
How do readers make connections?
 Good readers use their own background knowledge and
prior experiences to make connections. Connections also
can be down through:
– your own life and experiences
– other forms of literature, magazine
– society and the world
– film, theatre, television, radio and music

3. What are the objectives of
connections?
• Stimulate readers’ cognitive (knowledge and
thoughts) and affective (feelings and emotions)
perception.
• Increase awareness, make reading more
relevant, enjoy and meaningful.
• More involved, engaged, and give opportunity to
reader to compare different texts.

4. Reader
Text
Connections
Genre/ Text Features
Themes/Topics
Text to Self
Text to World
Text to Text
Connections Improve
Comprehension
Improve Readers’ Comprehension

5. Types of Connections
Text-to-Self (T-S) Text – to Text (T-T)
Text-to-World (T-W)

6. Connection:
Text – to - Self
• These are connections that readers make between the
text (what you are reading) and their own past
experiences and/or background knowledge.
• Text-to-self connections help readers in visualizing a
scene, sympathizing with a character or figure, or
predicting possible meanings of unfamiliar vocabulary.

7. Connection:
Text – to - World
• These are connections that readers make between the
text and the bigger issues, events, or concerns of society.
• To make these types of connections the reader must think
about what is going on in the world around them.

8. Connection:
Text – to - Text
• These are connections that readers make between the text
they are reading and other texts the reader has read before.
• Other kinds of texts might include books, poems, scripts,
songs, or anything written.
• Readers could even include movies or television shows that you
have seen before.
• Effective readers think within
the text.
• Effective readers think
beyond the text.
• Effective readers think about
the text.

9. The Ways to Start your Connections …
“That reminds me of . . . “
“Remember when . . . “
“This is like . . . “
“This character makes me think of . . .”
“This setting reminds me of . . . “
“There is a connection between myself and . . . because . . .
“I have also experienced it when . . .
“I ever shared this experience with . . .
“Many people feel this way because . . .
“We usually see this in society when . . .
“The character probably acts this way because . . .

10. Model of Connecting
Name : Ilma Date: March 26, 2014
Topic : Crimea votes on whether to secede from Ukraine
Text to Self Text to World Text to Text
 This conflict remind me of Timor
Leste that was separated with
Indonesia on 2000.
 This is like was going on
Indonesia, some provinces like
Aceh, Djokjakarta, and Papua
ever asked for Referendum to
Central Government.
 I remember when Timor Leste
became a new nation , there were
many people became homeless
and life uncertainly.
 Many politicians assumed that
separation was caused by the
different of belief (India –
Pakistan), Race (Serbia –
Montenegro), Ideology (South
Korea – North Korea), and
interest (Cina – Hongkong –
Tibet).
 There is connection between
separation movement (individual
or group) and group’s interest
because they want to takeover
natural sources (GAM, OPM,
RMS).
 Both UN and US often become
judge and they monitor the
process of referendum (votes).
• I ever seen in television and
mass media, the foreign
journalists came to conflict area
and reported the process of
referendum subjectively (they
usually support the building of a
new nation). -Seputar Indonesia-
• I remember when a certain
region declared to be a free
nation, the opposite figure will
appear to public and invite people
to support the movement. (e.g.
Xanana Gusmao – Timor Leste,
Dalai Lama – Tibet, and Mu Ali
Jinah – Pakistan).
–Republika-

11. Response Options for
Sharing Connections …
• Verbal Reponses –
The reader would discuss the connections they made with a
text aloud with others in a group.
• Written Responses –
The reader would write the connections they could make
with a text down on a sheet of paper or in a response
journal.

12. “To every text, a reader brings his/her
personality, present mood, and memories,
making each person’s experience of text
almost as unique as a fingerprint.”
(Laura Robb)