X-rays are a form of ionizing radiation that can be dangerous if safety procedures are not followed. More dangerous ionizing radiations include gamma rays, while less dangerous options include microwaves. The difference between ionizing radiations lies in their ability to damage DNA and cause cancer, with higher energy radiations posing more risk. The goal of radiation safety is to keep exposure As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA principle) by only using ionizing radiations when benefits outweigh risks.