This document discusses animal growth and development. It explains that animals go through different stages of metamorphosis as they grow from young to adult. There are two types of metamorphosis - complete metamorphosis, seen in insects and butterflies, involving four stages (egg, larva, pupa, adult), and incomplete metamorphosis seen in grasshoppers involving three stages (egg, nymph, adult). The document also discusses fertilization, which can be external as seen in fish or internal in reptiles, birds and mammals. After fertilization, the egg develops into an embryo and is protected differently depending on whether it is from a bird, fish, amphibian or mammal.

1. Pg 113
How do animals grow?
Animals change in shape and size as they grow.
Do all animals change the same way during their
lifetime?
Not all animals experience the same changes during
their lifetime.
Look and Wonder pg. 113
How do ducklings develop into adults?
Ducklings go through many changes as they grow

2. Pg. 114- What are animal life cycles?
Animals have distinct stages in their development.
The changes they undergo are described as metamorphosis.
Metamorphosis is a series of distinct growth stages that are different from one another.
Some animals like insects have one kind of body when they are young and a very different kind of body when they are adult.
Q: What are the 2 types of metamorphosis.
A: Metamorphosis
Complete Metamorphosis Incomplete Metamorphosis
The animal goes through 4 distinct stages The animal goes through 3 distinct stages
Egg-----Larva-----Pupa------Adult Egg-----nymph----adult
Example: a butterfly Example: A grasshopper
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TvmQiWpgX5c
Watch video of complete metamorphosis of butterfly

3. Egg:
the first stage in the life cycle of many
organisms, including birds, amphibians,
reptiles, fish and insects.
Larva:
the small, worm-like stage in the life cycle
of some insects
Pupa:
A non-feeding stage during which a hard,
case-like cocoon surrounds the organism.
Adult:
A full grown animal or a plant.
Nymph:
similar to an adult form, but it is smaller.
It lacks wings and reproductive structures.

4. Pg 116: How does fertilization occur in animals?
In sexual reproduction, a male sperm cell and female egg cell join to undergo fertilization.
Q: What are the two main types of fertilization?
A: FERTILIZATION
External fertilization
-fertilization occurs outside the female body
Example: most fishes and amphibians
Internal fertilization
-fertilization occurs inside the female body.
Example: reptiles, birds and mammals

5. Pg 117: what happens to the fertilized egg?
The egg develops into an embryo.
Q: Which animal lays eggs?
A: Birds, most fishes, amphibians, reptiles and
some mammals lays eggs.
Q: How does a bird's egg protect an embryo developing inside it?
A: The yolk provides food for the developing embryo and the shell keeps the embryo from drying out.
Q: How is a fish or amphibian egg is protected?
A: A jelly-like layer surrounds the egg.
Q. How is a mammal’s egg protected?
A: The egg of most mammals develop inside the mother’s body. This gives safety to the growing embryo.

6. Monotremes are the only mammals that lay eggs. All other mammals give birth
to love young.