This document summarizes a presentation by Dr. Catherine Hart on preparing students for the 21st century. Some key challenges discussed include dichotomous thinking, rhetoric over substance, and ambiguity. The presentation advocates focusing on metacognition, using technology as a transformative tool, and recognizing that not all class time is equal. It emphasizes the importance of pedagogy and suggests starting small when implementing new strategies, such as focusing on metacognition, high-tech/low-tech activities, and thinking frames.