This summary provides the key points about the document in 3 sentences: The document discusses three main theories in international political economy - constructivism, realism, and liberalism. It uses realism theory to explain relationships between states and non-state actors in the international system. According to realism theory, states act in their own self-interest in an anarchic international system without any authority above states.

1. 20th Century War and Peace Essay example
The three main theories used in international political economy are constructivism, realism and liberalism. Scholars commonly use the theories to
explain economical events in the international political economy. Liberalists are concerned about interest of individual while constructivists are much
concerned about how international relations are constructed by ideas in the system. This paper uses realism theory to explain relationships among state
and non–state actors in the international system. Realism is based on the idea that the international system exists according to the Hobbestian state of
nature, which is anarchic and brutal. There is no authority above states in the system (Marten 9/12/2011). The influential states have powers that...show
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In this regard, the organization ensures that the interests of all states are catered for. Managers are answerable to states whereby they are called to
explain inconsistencies during hard economic times. In the realists' perspective, the organization is the property of the rich nations, which is used to
enforce compliance. The headquarters of the organization is in the United States meaning that everything is operated from there. States are usually
forced to come into terms with unfavorable policies in order to be members. The Chinese case would serve as an example. China was requested to
adopt some policies that would favor the West in order to be incorporated in the system. Less developed countries do not actually benefit from the
organization. The organization allows US manufacturers to exploit markets in the third world but not vice versa. The third world is incorporated in
the system as underdogs meaning that they assist the rich nations in producing goods. This is why the gap between the rich and the poor is widening
day after another. The organization ensures that the poor states do not pursue interests that seem to contradict with those of the US. The organization
is quick to slap economic sanctions to states that do not conform to the set rules. In the late 1980s to early 1990s, Libya was barred from exporting
fuel to Europe, US and other friendly countries (Wolf 90). Oil
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2. Morality Of War And Peace
Kirsten Young
ID#: 817086784
Phil 340
Morality of War and Peace
Exam #1
For Aquinas, there are three conditions for Just War. The first is that the war must be declared by authority of a head of state or a proper authority.
The requirement for a war to be declared comes from the Roman law. There is no specific time limit between hostile activities and the declaration, but
the act of declaring war does invite the second party to the pending hostilities for the opportunity to offer redress in lieu of war. An aggrieving
nation must have refused to render the satisfaction to proceed with a just war. War is not a last resort, but the cause of war cannot be considered just
unless the aggrieved party has first tendered the opportunity for a peaceful settlement and been refused. War becomes a means of sanction for some
injury received in those cases where there is no alternative means seeking redress. The second of Aquinas ' conditions for a just war is for a
proportionally good reason or just cause. If one can seek redress from some higher authority, then one is not justified in resorting to violence. Aquinas
states that the natural order conducive to peace among mortals demands that the power to declare and counsel war should be in the hands of those who
hold the supreme authority. States have no common weal against internal disturbances, meaning that it is their business to have recourses to the sword
of war in defending the common weal against external enemies. Lastly,
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3. War and World Peace
Why We Never Need to Worry about World Peace
World Peace is something that will never happen. Too many countries have too much military power and don't want to give in to any other country.
War is something that the world is going to have to deal with because there has been very few years over the history of the world that have been
war free. Like one quote by an unknown author says, "Peace is rare: less than 8% of the time since the beginning of recorded time has the world been
entirely at peace. In a total of 3530 years, 286 have been warless. Eight thousand treaties have been broken in this time."
Albert Einstein, born on March 14, 1879 is one of the most influential people of the modern era. (Einstein) As a physicist he changed...show more
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In 1980 Graham dedicated the center. In 1992 it was announced by the BGEA that Billy Graham had Parkinson's disease, and he would be easing
back a little on his busy schedule. (Billy Graham Center Archives)
Billy Graham once said, "We must have military power to keep madmen from taking over the world." What he is trying to say is if a country has a
lot of military power that will deter someone from trying to take it over. It will make people think twice about trying to take over a country with a
powerful military, but it won't prevent all attacks from outside enemies. Just look at what happened on September 11, 2001. The U.S has one of
the most powerful militaries in the world and still got attacked. Hijackers ran two jets into the World Trade Center towers. Eventually the two
towers came crashing to the ground. President Bush stayed in the air on board Air Force One shortly after the attacks, but later addressed the nation
and said that he condemns evil and despicable acts and vowed revenge on whoever did it. (NYTimes) Some of the witnesses described the scene as
follows: "I'm so scared", "It took an hour to get out. Sometimes it was calm and orderly, other times it was complete bedlam", " I thought it was an
earthquake at first", and " People just kept jumping and jumping and jumping and you could still see they were alive because they were flailing
around." (ABC News) Those were just some quotes from eyewitnesses. That is just one example of how a
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4. War or Peace? Essays
If you think about war and then think about peace is war really all that bad? Without wars there would basically be no human life because no one
would have anything really. Wars are defiantly not all good but they are also not all bad if there are not a bunch of them. A successful war in transition
to peace was the Guatemalan war of 1960–1996 because they are still living in a bit peaceful country today but are making major progress. An
example of an unsuccessful war in transition to peace is the 1991 Somalia Civil War which is still ongoing today. Corruption is on of the main things
this essay will be about since corruption is on of the leading causes of most wars in the world. The Guatemalan civil war was one of the longest and
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Before long, the Rebel Armed Forces (FAR) were formed and they began assassinating United States military advisors and ambassadors. Then in the
1970's insurgent organizations began forming and fought against the military that was in charge. When Rios Montt took over as the new president of
Guatemala; his main concern was defeating the guerrilla groups with his military army. The government started forming civilian defense patrols
called PACs. Participation was mostly voluntary, but most Guatemalans had no choice, they either had to join the PACs or the guerrillas. Rios
Montt's army and PACs recaptured all of the guerrilla's land and their activities declined. Even though, Rios Montt won this victory he won it at
the cost civilians' lives. After the violence of Montt, General Oscar Humberto Mejia Victores stepped in as President. In 1984 Mejia agreed to give
back democracy to Guatemala and they elected a new official. He took office in January 1986: Vinicio Cerezo, a civilian politician. Even with a new
President it took another ten years of war to make peace. In the first two years of Cerezo's presidency there was a decline in violence and the military
only struggled with armed insurgents. There was also a more stable economy which was excellent for the Guatemalans. In the last two years, there was
a failing economy, illness, and the escalation of violence. The government did not know how to deal with the country's declining heath, education, and
economy or the rise in
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5. Essay on Tolstoy's War and Peace
Tolstoy's War and Peace
Summary
War and Peace tells the story of the Rostovs, an upper–class family in Russia, and several people associated with them. It follows the characters
through fifteen years during the Napoleonic Wars, from 1805 to 1820. It gives a fictional description of the events in the life of the Rostov family as
well as some of the historical events of the time.
Analysis
Tolstoy is regarded by some as the greatest writer about war (Bayley 16). He includes details in the military scenes of War and Peace. Many battles and
army movements are described, but the details included are not militaristic. Instead, Tolstoy depicts individual soldiers and their actions in an effective
attempt to give the reader a...show more content...
It is a work so amazingly great that though many have felt its greatness, few have understood how great it is. Tolstoy is one who reveals the secrets of
life and death. The meaning of history, the strength of nations, the mystery of death, the reality of love and family life–such are the subjects he deals
with (qtd. in Silbajoris 11).
This quote illustrates just how great the scope of Tolstoy's War and Peace really is. It was the first work of its kind in Russian literature (9).
Because of its immense length Turgenev called it "an elephant" and Leontiev described it as "a Hindu idol, with three heads and six arms" (Slonim
325). Another critic sums up War and Peace by saying it "encompasses multiple aspects of life in a huge epic sweep, a wide–screen panorama of
history as a presence in the human soul, and of the human soul as the fulfillment of history" (Silbajoris 14). It can be called an epic because of its
length and scope, but it is unlike other epics. It does not have a real plot or one dominant hero. Instead, it has two heroes and two heroines in peace
and three dominant heroes in war (Slonim 325).
Despite the epic scope of War and Peace, or perhaps because of it, its readers can identify with and are affected by the characters and their stories. Part
of what gives War and Peace its universality is its

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7. War And Peace Themes
When it comes to a novel that defines human struggles in the most realistic way possible, which one comes to mind? For me, it would be War and
Peace, by Leo Tolstoy. This novel is set in an early 19th century Russia, highlighting the interactions of several aristocratic Russian families against the
backdrop of Napoleon Bonaparte's invasion of Russia and the burning of Moscow. There are several themes interwoven in the plot that speak to the
dynamics of human life. The main themes of War and Peaceare the irrational nature of human behaviour, family, and the search for a purpose.
One of the main themes of War and Peace is the irrational nature of human behaviour. A clear example of this is the scandalous affair between Natasha
Rostov and Anatole Kuragin. Natasha Rostov was happily engaged to Prince Andrey Bolkonsky, but suddenly ended the engagement because she fell
in love with Anatole within a 3–day span and wished to elope and run away with him. Her cousin Sonya, upon learning of the affair directly from
Natasha, commented "Natasha, I can't believe you, you're joking. In three days to forget everything, and like this..." (659). To this, Natasha responds
"It seems to me as though I have loved him for a hundred years... You can't understand that" (659). This relates to how irrational impulses are logical to
an individual, but seldom to anyone else. To Natasha, following her heart means finding happiness, but her desires also blind her from reality and
concrete truth.
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