The shipping industry has been making significant contribution on releasing GHG emission. IMO has made great effort for shipping industry on reduction of GHG emission.

1. New technologies for greener shipping - IMO’s efforts to
reduce GHG emissions from international shipping
Tianbing Huang
Deputy Director, Marine Environment Division
Marine Environment Division

2. IMO is the driving force behind efforts to ensure that
shipping becomes greener and cleaner
Marine Environment Division 2

3. GHG reduction: Over a decade (2011-2022) of mandatory
IMO energy-efficiency requirements in MARPOL Annex VI
See: https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Cutting-GHG-emissions.aspx
Marine Environment Division 3

4. 4
The 2018 IMO Initial GHG Strategy: laying out the
decarbonization transition of global shipping
Air Pollution, Energy Efficiency and GHG team

5. 5
Implementing the Initial GHG Strategy: IMO binding
regulations in MARPOL Annex VI drive innovation
Marine Environment Division
IMO short-term GHG reduction measure
 Entry-into-force by November 2022; to be reviewed by 2026
 Aimed to reduce 40% carbon intensity reduction of global fleet by 2030
 Mandatory annual goal-based reduction requirements (EEXI/CII):
leaving compliance flexibility to owner/operator
 The annual CII rating (A – E) is an important tool for the maritime value
chain (ports, charterers, financial sector) to provide incentives
Key drivers influencing ship decarbonization
Source: DNV

6. Alternative low/zero carbon fuels and technologies are the
key to achieve the ambitions
E
6
MARINE ENVIRONMENT DIVISION

7. 7
2021 Fuel consumption data: 28,171 ships of gross
tonnage of 5,000 above
212 million tonnes of fuel was used in the 2021
93.95% was either Heavy Fuel Oil, Light Fuel Oil or Diesel/Gas Oil.
Liquefied Natural Gas 5.95%
13,031 tonnes of Methanol; 4,849 tonnes of Ethanol; 67,580 tonnes of biofuel
Marine Environment Division

8. 8
Current uptake of alternative fuels in shipping (In operation
& on order)
Marine Environment Division
*Source: Clarksons database (Aug.2022)
LNG (1592)
LPG (127)
Methanol (56)
Biofuel (61)
Battery (94)
Ethane (30) Hydrogen (12)
LNG
LPG
Battery
Biofuel
Methanol
Ethane
Hydrogen
 Current share of alternative fuels in global uptake: (1,972 among 108,403
vessels)

9. Key characteristics different fuels
• (Benefit) Well established supply infrastructure,
High energy density
• (Drawback) Fewer CO2 emission reduction,
Risk of explosion
LNG/ LPG Biofuel
Battery
• (Benefit) Zero carbon emission
• (Drawback) Huge volume, The risk of fire
• (Benefit) Established infrastructure,
Easy integration into current engines
• (Drawback) Affect to food security,
High demand from multiple sectors
Ammonia
• (Benefit) Easy handling, Highest efficiencies
• (Drawback) Toxic, Corrosion
Methanol/ Ethane
• (Benefit) Easy to use
• (Drawback) Difficulties in acquiring
sustainable and cost-effective sources
Hydrogen
• (Benefit) Zero carbon emission
• (Drawback) Explosion risk, Higher cost
Marine Environment Division 9

10. Implementing & revising the Initial IMO GHG Strategy
.3 Further enhancement of the IMO Data Collection System
.2 Safety regulations for low-carbon marine fuels
.4 Development of mid-term measures – including
assessments of impacts on States
Revision
of the
Initial IMO
GHG
Strategy
(2023)
Progress in putting in place the uniform global regulatory framework aimed
at phasing out GHG emissions from international shipping in line with the
IMO GHG Strategy
.1 Lifecycle GHG emission guidelines
Marine Environment Division 10

11. IMO GHG Strategy: putting in place a uniform global regulatory
framework to reduce GHG emissions from ships
 MEPC 78 :
work together on possibly
o all proposed measures contain valuable elements
o further develop a “basket of candidate mid-term
GHG reduction measures” (Phase II) by
integrating technical and carbon pricing elements
o proponents of different proposals encouraged to
combining elements of their proposals
o ISWG-GHG will focus on assessing feasibility, effectiveness and potential
impact of candidate measures on States
o timing of a future comprehensive impact assessment of a (basket of) measures
to be further considered
Developing a basket of candidate mid-term GHG reduction measures
Marine Environment Division 11

12. Implementing the Initial IMO GHG Strategy: supported by
knowledge and capacity building
 New project supporting “Inclusive Transition to
Alternative Low-Carbon Fuels”
o Tracking global availability of low/zero carbon marine fuels
o Informing on latest developments in fuel/technology
projects/pilots worldwide
o Supporting analysis of possible carbon pricing measures
 IMO Global Industry Alliance on Low Carbon Shipping
o Identifying ways to overcome barriers to uptake of energy
efficiency technologies and low-carbon fuels
 Capacity building initiatives supporting developing
countries
o Supporting a ‘just and equitable transition’
o Exploring opportunities for developing countries in
decarbonizing maritime transport
IMO initiatives supporting regulatory discussions
Marine Environment Division 12

13. Towards 2050: Putting in place a uniform global regulatory
framework that supports the decarbonization transition of
international shipping
IMO’s challenge as global regulator of international shipping
IMO’ next set of GHG reduction measures should:
 Be technology and fuel-neutral, while based on ‘real’ climate
impact
 Facilitate the global transition towards low-carbon shipping:
encourage first-movers whilst not over-penalizing existing fleet
 Bridge current price gap between fossil fuels and low-zero carbon
alternatives
 Rapidly put in place a harmonized global-level-playing field
to minimize a patchwork of regional/national carbon-pricing
measures/double taxation
 Ensure continued global access to affordable maritime transport
services and global availability of low-carbon fuels
 Minimize any disproportionately negative impacts on States
Marine Environment Division 13

14. Thank you for your attention
Marine Environment Division 14