Here is my latest look at career management for Canada and the United States.

1. 2021 and Beyond Career
Management- Outlook on
Jobs – Canada and the
United States
By: Paul Young, CPA, CGA
Date: November 28, 2020

2. Paul Young - Bio
• CPA, CGA
• Academia (PF1, FA4 and MS2)
• SME – Risk Management
• SME – Close, Consolidate and Reporting
• SME – Public Policy
• SME – Emerging Technology
• SME – Financial Solutions
• SME – Business Process Change
• SME – Supply Chain Management
Contact information:
Paul_Young_CGA@Hotmail.com

3. Overview
 This presentation will discuss careers in demand for 2019 and
beyond.
 Manpower predicts strong hiring through 2019 -
http://blog.careerbeacon.com/canadian-employers-say-this-
spring-will-be-a-great-time-for-finding-a-new-job/
 All level government need to do a better job aligning education
with current and future jobs
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/government-policies-
education-skills-development-canada-november-2017
 The presentation will also look at risk factors to economies, i.e.
taxation, government spending, consumer demand and
business investment.

4. Agenda
 GDP/Outlook
 What’s next for Economy
 Middle Class / Video
 Job Vacancies
 December 2017/Employment
 Top Careers for 2017/United States
 Top Careers for 2017/Canada
 Canada 2016 Labor Market Statistics
 United States 2016 Labor Market Statistics
 Entry positions
 Middle class
 Immigration
 Refugees
 Grads and Open Positions
 Graduates / Post-Secondary
 Ontario / Post Secondary Funding

5. Global Forecast
Source:
http://www.gbm.scotiabank.com/English/bns_econ/forecast.pdf
Risks
• Slow world wide
economic growth
• New USA government
that is focus on
reducing taxes and
regulations
• Climate change policies
(i.e. carbon
taxation/emissions)
• Lagging productivity
• Global Protectionism
Trade Policies
• Immigration/Refugee
policies
• Fewer IPOs

6. Economy Transformation
 Rise of eCommerce - https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/blog-what-
next-ecommerce-2021-beyond-paul-young/?published=t
 The new business norm https://www2.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/new-
normal-for-canada-and-the-world
 Rise of geopolitical events -
https://www2.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/how-best-to-managed-a-
geoplitical-crisis-crisis-management
 Reforming of government -
https://www2.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/reforming-the-public-sector-
federal-provincial-and-local-government-canada
 Global Economy - https://www2.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/what-is-next-
for-the-global-economy-november-2020

7. Middle class

8. Middle Class Blog
 The top 1% pay 20% of the income tax. We need to stop thinking this is about taxing rich more because it is not! =
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/wealthiest-income-analysis-and-commentary-canada-2017 or
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/middle-class-and-justin-trudeau or
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/middle-class-how-does-government-better-support-the-middle-class
 Nowhere does this article ever deal with cost and size of govt. It is time to re-look at how services are delivery including
the costing model. https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/funding-and-economic-issues-ontario or
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/value-for-money-and-comprehensive-auditing-all-you-need-to-know
 http://www.cfo.com/the-economy/2019/04/governments-must-act-to-ease-middle-class-
squeeze/?utm_campaign=CFODailyAlert&utm_nooverride=1&utm_source=CFO-
email&utm_medium=email&utm_content=CFODailyAlert_Thursday_2019-4-11&utm_term=the-economy

9. Technology Jobs
Source - https://www.cio.com/article/3235944/hiring-and-staffing/hiring-the-most-in-demand-tech-jobs-for-
2018.html

10. Job Vacancies / Canada
 Source - https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/190109/dq190109a-eng.htm
• Pandemic / COVID19 hit March 2020 as such there has
been no reporting of job vacancies as there are about 1M
people unemployed
• Economy is slowly recovering but there are risks -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/analysis-of-
wages-and-employment or
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/what-is-next-for-
canada-throne-speech-september-23-2020

11. Employment – Canada
Source –Stats Canada

12. Employ
ment
Market –
October
2020
Source -
https://economics.bmo.com/en/publications/detail/37b62
2df-554e-4996-98f8-4b635a9495e7/

13. Employment – USA
Source –United States

14. Top Careers for 2017/United
States
Occupational
Category
2012 Jobs 2016
Jobs
2012 – 2016
Job Increase
Hourly Wages Types of Jobs
Information
Technology
,926,758 4,398,862 472,104
12%
$40.82 or
$79.600/annum
• Data Scientist
• User Interface /
Front End Developer
• Product Manager
• Mobile Software
Engineer
• Information Security
Manager
Source: -
http://www.careerbuilder.com/share/aboutus/pressreleasesdetail.aspx?sd=12%2f2%2f2016&siteid=cbpr&sc_cmp1=cb_
pr979_&id=pr979&ed=12%2f31%2f2016

15. Top Careers for 2017/United
States
Occupational
Category
2012 Jobs 2016
Jobs
2012 – 2016
Job Increase
Hourly Wages Types of Jobs
Financial/Operation
al Analyst
7,358,038 7,938,303 585,265 (8%
Growth)
$35.09 or
$68,400/annu
m
• Operations
Manager
• Business Process
Analyst
• Product
Development
Specialist
• Financial Analyst
• Office Manager
Source: -
http://www.careerbuilder.com/share/aboutus/pressreleasesdetail.aspx?sd=12%2f2%2f2016&siteid=cbpr&sc_cmp1=cb_
pr979_&id=pr979&ed=12%2f31%2f2016

16. Top Careers for 2017/United
States
Occupational
Category
2012 Jobs 2016
Jobs
2012 – 2016
Job Increase
Hourly Wages Types of Jobs
Health Care 8,035,052 8,641,939 606,887
8%
$37.77 or
$$73.600/annum
• Family Practitioner
• Medical Director
• ICU Nurse
• Cardiologist
• Physical Therapist
• Rehabilitation Nurse
Source: -
http://www.careerbuilder.com/share/aboutus/pressreleasesdetail.aspx?sd=12%2f2%2f2016&siteid=cbpr&sc_cmp1=cb_
pr979_&id=pr979&ed=12%2f31%2f2016

17. Top Careers for 2017/United
States
Occupational
Category
2012 Jobs 2016
Jobs
2012 – 2016
Job Increase
Hourly Wages Types of Jobs
Skill Trades 12,049,958 13,067,497 1,017,539 (8%) $21.38 or
$41,600/Annum,
• Electrician
• Plumber
• HVAC Technician
Source: -
http://www.careerbuilder.com/share/aboutus/pressreleasesdetail.aspx?sd=12%2f2%2f2016&siteid=cbpr&sc_cmp1=cb_
pr979_&id=pr979&ed=12%2f31%2f2016

18. 2018 Jobs / Careers
Source - https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-10-24/health-care-stem-jobs-among-fastest-
growing-u-s-occupations

19. Top Careers / Canada
Source - http://globalnews.ca/news/2944692/the-top-eight-careers-of-the-
future-in-canada/ or https://www.trade-schools.net/ca/articles/careers-in-
demand.asp
Risks
• Healthcare funding –
Provinces are
strapped for cash
• Education funding –
declining enrolment
• Residential/non-
residential
investment has been
sluggish
1. Registered Nurse
2. Truck Driver
3. College or Vocational Instructor
4. Business Management Consultant
5. Welder
6. Licensed Practical Nurse
7. Occupational or Physiotherapy Assistant
8. Software Engineer or Designer
9. Aerospace Engineer
10. Industrial Electrician
11. Aircraft Pilot
12. Pharmacist
13. Psychologist
14. Steamfitter or Pipefitter
15. Construction Estimator
16. Veterinary Technician or Assistant
17. Dispensing Optician

20. Top Jobs by Starting Wage
Source - https://www.msn.com/en-ca/money/topstories/jobs-with-the-best-starting-salaries-in-canada/ss-
AAB5TI7?ocid=spartanntp
Career Low end Salary High end Salary
Nursing $ 45,000 $ 88,000
IT Business analyst $ 47,000 $ 97,000
Financial Adviser $ 35,000 $ 70,000

21. Top Careers in Canada for 2019
Source - https://www.msn.com/en-ca/money/careersandeducation/the-20-highest-paying-in-demand-jobs-in-canada-for-2019/ss-
BBUoDW9?ocid=spartanntp
Ranking Career Salary
1 Register Nurse $38,500 to $120,000
2 Software Engineer $48,000 to $153,000
3 Account Manager $57,000 to $101,000
4 University Professor $29,000 to $215,000
5 Anesthesiologist $109,000 to $580,000
6 CPA $42,000 to 103,000
7 Business Analyst $27,000 to $134,000
8 Engineering Project
Manager
$58,000 to $122,000
9 IT Project Manager $53,500 to $170,000
10 Aerospace $49,000 to $110,000
11 Sales Rep $31,700 to $74,000
Ranking Career Salary
13 Register Nurse $38,500 to $120,000
14 Industrial Electrician $48,750 to $81,500
15 Welder $53,500 to $91,500
16 Airline Pilot $40,200 to $150,000
17 Optician $38.500 to $75,500
18 Pharmacist $44,600 to $144,700
19 Recruiter $20,000 to $214,000
20 Clinical Psychologist $64,500 to $160,000
21 Construction Estimator $21,000 to $152,000
22 Veterinarian $28,000 to $175,000

22. AI and Jobs
Source - https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2018/04/bcg-predicts-23-of-finance-jobs-could-be-lost-to-ai-by-
2027.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+blogspot%2Fadvancednano+%28nextbigfuture%29

23. Blog – Employment – Entry-Level
 Did the Liberals not run on jobs for all? https://www.liberal.ca/realchange/opportunities-for-young-canadians/
 “After ten years under Stephen Harper, good-quality job opportunities for young Canadians are tougher and tougher to find. Faced
with high unemployment and underemployment, many young people have stopped looking for work altogether.
 This is hard for both young people and their families. Many parents are seeing their household debt rise and retirement savings
dwindle as they struggle to support their grown children, who often return home. It is time to invest in young Canadians – to help
them get the work experience they will need to start their careers and contribute fully to our economy.
 Yet in 2016 the job quality index hit the worst level in decades. So, much for sunny ways and jobs, right?
Issues with entry level jobs: -
 https://globalnews.ca/news/3914000/university-graduates-entry-level-jobs-canada/ “In 2016, around one in two entry-level jobs did
not require a minimum level of education (87,500 vacancies). A quarter of those gigs (48,400 vacancies) required a high school
diploma and one in five (18,300 vacancies) required a college diploma. Only 14,000 entry-level jobs required a university degree. For
comparison, over 250,000 Canadians graduated from university in 2010. - https://globalnews.ca/news/3914000/university-graduates-
entry-level-jobs-canada/?utm_source=%40globalnews&utm_medium=Twitter
 Goods producing sector continue to lag other sectors in terms of job growth - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/wages-and-
employment-canada-policy-analysis - Goods producing sector would lead to engineering, quality control inspectors, supply chain
management, inventory control, etc.
 Retail/wholesale sector lead a good chunk of the growth. Warehousing is going through automation -
https://www.xconomy.com/boston/2017/11/20/locus-robotics-gets-25m-to-help-warehouse-owners-compete-with-amazon/
 Job Quality Index - http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/wages-cibc-job-quality-1.3872389 “The quality of employment in Canada is
falling, according to a report from CIBC, with more low-paid jobs and those earning less than the average wage falling further behind.
Both young people and Canadians over 55 are stuck in the low-wage job sector, primarily in-service jobs. But even among workers
aged 25 to 54, 53 per cent had jobs that paid between 50 and 100 per cent of the average wage.
 http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2017/12/03/stingy-canadian-employers-face-workforce-crisis-in-2018-report_a_23295535/ “Canada's
employers face a potential "workforce crisis" next year, as employees take advantage of a strong job market to leave their jobs in
search of better pay and work conditions, a new report says. And it's due to employers' own reluctance to improve wages and hire
permanent workers, according to the report from recruitment agency Hays Canada.

24. Blog – Career Management
 https://torontosun.com/opinion/columnists/warren-trudeau-
needs-to-act-on-illegal-immigration-so-we-can-attract-best-
and-brightest
 “Canada desperately needs new immigrants. Our aging
population and a declining birth rate — require us to be bold
in attracting quality new Canadians.”

 The article is leaving out many factors like slow GDP growth
rate, college graduates, labour reforms, trade agreements,
etc.

25. Immigration
Source - http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/immigration-canada-2018-1.4371146 or http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/cansim/a26?lang=eng&id=2850001 or https://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily-quotidien/151130/dq151130d-eng.htm

26. Graduation Rates / Canada
Source – Canada
• Education needs to be aligned with jobs of today and the future, i.e. technology, skill trades, healthcare, etc. -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/technology-market-canada-and-the-world-march-2019
• Canada needs to be more competitive in terms of attracting FDI. Govt needs to stop focusing on job killing regulations
(C69) and taxes (hikes to CPP and new taxes like carbon taxation- https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/business-
competitivesness-canada-march-2019
• Canada’s various government policies need to support innovation. New business tax reforms should be reversed -
https://globalnews.ca/news/3741638/canadian-tech-ottawa-trudeau-small-business-taxes/
• Canada has started to see more of a brain drain - https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/technology/article-canada-
facing-brain-drain-as-young-tech-talent-leaves-for-silicon/

27. Ontario – Post Secondary Funding
Source - https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/ontario-colleges-university-performance-funding-budget-
1.5094751?fbclid=IwAR2NxZDsOVfdrjS-iKDYoY2ixnFRpBow___JNdS1RLnitxJcOPRXdbhM8Rs
• Education has to better aligned with jobs. The schools need to revamp their programs based on the
needs of the economy
• Ontario has chance to re-invent itself including focusing on more incubation centers via its post-
secondary institution.
• Degree is not worth its paper if there are no jobs and/or limited jobs
• Elementary and Secondary education needs to start emphasizing more the sciences, technology,
math, etc. courses
• Ontario needs to focus on becoming more competitive, i.e. lower hydro rates, lower taxes, reduction of
regulations, etc. - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/ontario-fiscal-and-economic-cliff

28. 2021 Employment
 Top 15 IT Jobs - https://www.roberthalf.com/blog/salaries-and-
skills/the-13-highest-paying-it-jobs-in-2019
 Top 30 jobs - https://www.businessinsider.com/best-jobs-future-
growth-2019-3#27-human-resources-specialists-4
 Better training and education including government policies that
support getting goods to market can help support better job
quality opportunities -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/how-to-address-
issues-facing-getting-goods-to-market and
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/human-capital-
management-of-existing-and-future-employees
 Top Careers - https://www.slice.ca/10-canadian-careers-thatll-
be-in-demand-in-2020-and-after/

29. 2021 Employment Outlook - Hayes
Source - https://www.hays.ca/resources/reports/2021-salary-guide

30. Top 10 Skills
Source - https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/10/top-10-work-skills-of-tomorrow-how-long-it-takes-to-learn-them/

31. Summary
 People need to focus on treating their education like an investment, i.e. ROI
 People need to start treating their name like a brand, i.e. how do maximized my brand
 Education needs to revamp to ensure it is better aligned with jobs of today and future
 All levels of government need to get their policies under control, i.e. tax policy, hydro
rates, regulations, value for money, etc.
 More emphasis needs to be on incubation centers. All universities and colleges should
become innovation centers
 There needs to be more focus on economic policies that will drive FDI