- Ponomarev emphasized that Russia's foreign policy poses a dangerous threat and prioritizes undermining Western influence over combating threats like ISIS.
- Nationalism in Russia includes xenophobia, ethnic nationalism seeking a purely "Russian Russia", imperialist views, and a possible "healthy nationalism".
- Russian state propaganda portrays the West as weak and misguided, while Putin presents himself as defending traditional values, but many Russians can access alternative views if desired.
- The West must maintain a consistent long-term policy not based on the old view of competing spheres of influence, and should counter Russian information campaigns rather than offer military aid.
The Communist Party of the Russian FederationOwen Bell
A presentation about the history of the post-Soviet Communist Party, its impact on Russian politics, its ideology, and the extent to which it really challenges Kremlin orthodoxy. Received a First Class grade at Exeter University.
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A presentation about the history of the post-Soviet Communist Party, its impact on Russian politics, its ideology, and the extent to which it really challenges Kremlin orthodoxy. Received a First Class grade at Exeter University.
You can use this file to share with your foreign friends, you can send this file to foregoing embassies, political parties, NGOs, activists with a request: they need to call their senator, member of parliament and request sanctions in Ukraine on corrupt regime! The report contains photos of victims - dead, killed, tortured.
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You can use this file to share with your foreign friends, you can send this file to foregoing embassies, political parties, NGOs, activists with a request: they need to call their senator, member of parliament and request sanctions in Ukraine on corrupt regime! The report contains photos of victims - dead, killed, tortured.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE SECRETARIAL BEFORE STALINGeorge Dumitrache
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Understanding Russia and Its Relationship with the Westtnwac
In 1994 at the dawn of the post-Cold War era Marieta Velikova left Surgut, Western Siberia in the Russian Federation bound for Weippe, Idaho as a high school exchange student. She returned to Russia with her first glimpses of life in America that would be followed by graduate and doctoral studies at Mississippi State University starting in 2002. She has lived in the United States ever since and is a proud Nashvillian who travels to Siberia twice a year to visit family.
Professor Velikova has a special perspective on US-Russian relations that she will share at this Global Dialogue session including discussion of President Vladimir Putin — how is he viewed among Russians and why does that differ from the view of the West; the situations in Chechnya, Georgia, Crimea and Ukraine; and the issue of US elections.
Newsbud Exclusive – “From the Atlantic to the Pacific”: Vladimir Putin & the ...Chris Helweg
During the Beijing summit, Putin intentionally contrasted the positive prospects of Eurasian integrations “to promote steady development, increase citizens’ incomes and improve education and health care” with the instability, uncertainty, and unpredictability in other regions of the world, including the EU and the U.S. He stated that in the U.S. “an intense internal political struggle continues, creating a nervous atmosphere in both politics and the economy,” while in Europe,
1CHAPTER 5 RUSSIARussiaBook ReferenceTerrill, R. J.EttaBenton28
1
CHAPTER 5: RUSSIA
Russia
Book Reference
Terrill, R. J. (2016). World criminal justice systems: A comparative survey. Routledge.
Concepts to Know
· Marxism–Leninism
· Mikhail Gorbachev
· Democratization
· Constitution of the Russian Federation
· President of the Russian Federation
· Federal Security Service (FSB)
· Propiska
· Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation
· Judicial Department
· Procuracy
· Defense Counsel
· Justices of the Peace
· Jury
· Material Definition of Crime
· Measures of Restraint
· Plea Bargaining
· Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD)
· Commission on Juvenile Affairs
Introduction
THE LONGEST-RUNNING social science experiment of the twentieth century officially ended on December 25, 1991, with the resignation of Mikhail Gorbachev as president of the Soviet Union. From the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 until Gorbachev’s resignation, the rulers of the Soviet Union had attempted to create a communist society that would be the envy of the world. Support for this goal was continual for more than 70 years, but the sense of purpose and direction began to unravel during the late 1980s. The principal cause for this shift in opinion was Gorbachev’s alternative rationale for achieving socialism. Although his ideas were a radical departure from some of the basic tenets of Leninism, Gorbachev generally favored implementing them incrementally. Nevertheless, disaffection with these ideas became quite pronounced among devoted communists, which led to the attempted coup of August 1991. This was followed by Gorbachev’s resignation and the formal dissolution of the country by year’s end.
The Soviet Union had been composed of 15 republics: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Byelorussia, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kirghizistan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldavia, Russia, Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. Russia was not only the largest republic in terms of territory and population, but it also dominated the policies of the Soviet Union—so much so that the words Russian and Soviet were often used interchangeably when referring to the foreign and domestic policies of the Soviet Union. Today, Russia is the largest country in the world, almost twice the size of the United States. It encompasses more than 6.5 million square miles that stretch from Eastern Europe through the northern half of Asia. The population of about 139 million has become more urban over the past 50 years. In fact, it has reached about 80 percent of the population— almost an exact reversal of the urban and rural ratio at the time of the 1917 Revolution (see Figure 5.1).
Russia is a federation consisting of six categories of administrative units. These include 21 republics, nine territories, 46 provinces, two federal cities, one autonomous republic, and four autonomous regions. Among these administrative units, the republics have the greatest claim to self-government. Although Russians comprise more than 80 percent of the country’s population, there are some 126 national ...
Reshetnikov M.M. The modern world - psycho-political analysis: what attracts young people to terrorist
organizations and groups? // Oxford University Press: J. Social Problems, Issue 4(2), Vol. 64 - 2017. - P. 1132 - 1153
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The diplomat Gustavo de Arístegui was interviewed on Onda Madrid's 'De cara al mundo' programme and analyzed the difficult situation that the war in Ukraine is causing. The international affairs expert criticized the aggressive stance taken by the President of Russia, Vladimir Putin, and assessed the significance it could have.
This is Sabina Ashurova's International Recruitment Project for the completion of the Business Achievement Awards. The country she chose was Russia. This document includes information on Russia's history, geography and wildlife, culture, politics, economy, business customs, etc.
Lecture 3 - Technology, Innovation and Great Power CompetitionStanford University
Mike McFaul, Russia, Technology, Innovation and Great Power Competition,TIGPC, Gordian knot Center, DIME-FIL, department of defense, dod, hacking for defense, intlpol 340, joe felter, ms&e296, raj shah, stanford, Steve blank,
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‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
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In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
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Women have three distinct types of involvement: direct involvement in terrorist acts; enabling of others to commit such acts; and facilitating the disengagement of others from violent or extremist groups.
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हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
2024 is the point of certainty. Forecast of UIF experts
2015 03-11 - russia one year after crimea - event summary jm
1. 10 St James’s Square, London SW1Y 4LE T +44 (0)20 7957 5700 F +44 (0)20 7957 5710
www.chathamhouse.org
Patron: Her Majesty The Queen Chairman: Stuart Popham QC Director: Dr Robin Niblett Charity Registration Number: 208223
The Political Landscape in
Russia One Year After
Crimea
Ilya Ponomarev
Member of the State Duma, Russia
11 March 2015
Russia and Eurasia Programme
Roundtable Summary
The views expressed in this document are the sole responsibility of the speaker(s) and participants, and do not necessarily reflect the view of Chatham
House, its staff, associates or Council. Chatham House is independent and owes no allegiance to any government or to any political body. It does not
take institutional positions on policy issues. This document is issued on the understanding that if any extract is used, the author(s)/speaker(s) and
Chatham House should be credited, preferably with the date of the publication or details of the event. Where this document refers to or reports
statements made by speakers at an event, every effort has been made to provide a fair representation of their views and opinions. The published text of
speeches and presentations may differ from delivery.
2. 2 The Political Landscape in Russia One Year After Crimea
Introduction
The Chatham House Russia and Eurasia Programme hosted a roundtable with Ilya Ponomarev on 11
March 2015. Ponomarev was the only member of the State Duma who did not vote in favour of the
annexation of Crimea, justifying his decision as an attempt to represent a significant second opinion
among the wider Russian population. At the roundtable, he offered an insight into the political
environment and attitudes in Russia one year after the annexation, and expressed regret that current
debate cannot focus on more positive themes, such as entrepreneurship. This document provides a
summary of topics covered.
Ponomarev emphasized that what he considers the dangerous nature of Russia’s foreign policy should not
be underestimated. In his opinion, the threat of ISIS is potentially a lesser priority, with the increasing
balance in terms of energy sources available to the US and the EU meaning that the Middle East is of
decreasing geopolitical importance.
Nationalism
A differentiation can be made between four strands of nationalism within Russia today: xenophobia;
ethnic nationalism; imperialism; and ‘healthy nationalism’. Xenophobia is most rife in large cities affected
by migration, and the rhetoric provoking unrest is similar to that found in the West. Ethnic nationalism
can be summarized by the mantra ‘Russia for Russians’. Such nationalists can even be found in the ranks
of Ukrainian soldiers, fighting so that neither nation is be diluted by the other. Figures such as Eduard
Limonov are the legacy of Russia’s pre-Soviet imperialism. ‘Healthy nationalism’ is, however, possible,
emergent, and even vital.
Attitudes towards the West
Russian state propaganda portrays the West as greedy, weak, foolish, fickle and malleable, while Putin
presents himself as more ‘European’ than leaders in Western Europe with respect to his conservative
values. Putin claims that the West is being deluded by ‘non-European’ (in effect meaning LGBT and Arab)
communities and lifestyles. Although state propaganda is pervasive, Ponomarev highlighted that Russian
citizens do have access to alternative views if they choose to pursue them; the majority, however, do not
so choose.
One of the most effective ways that the West can counter this perception is through maintaining a
consistent and long-term policy, and one that abandons an outdated world view in which two power
blocks vie for two spheres of influence. International offers of financial and military aid could be deemed
short-sighted. Ukraine will have to repay large parts of the IMF aid package, which might create a future
economic relationship similar to the current relationship between the EU and Greece. Providing US
weaponry to Ukraine would be expensive, and the Ukrainian forces might not have the expertise to use it
easily. It would also reinforce negative attitudes towards the West. In contrast, Eastern European states
such as Bulgaria and the Czech Republic have a lot of available military hardware that is cheap and
compatible.
The West also needs to confront Russia’s information campaign; the influence of Russia Today on
extreme conservatives and liberals in the US and Europe should not be underestimated. Perhaps the West
could work to publicize issues such as money-laundering by the Russian elite in the West.
3. 3 The Political Landscape in Russia One Year After Crimea
In Ponomarev’s view, warmer relations with China are a bluff to wrong-foot the US; Russia fundamentally
sees itself as European, not Asian. He highlighted China-friendly projects that Russia is undertaking, such
as a pipeline from Eastern Siberia, development of oil fields in the Arctic, and Chinese production plants
in Russia. He predicted that the South Stream pipelines will be constructed for use once sanctions are
lifted.
Attitude towards the war in Ukraine
For most Russians, the war in Ukraine is not aimed at conquering Kyiv, but rather at liberating Ukraine
from the West. Ponomarev warned that Victory Day (9 May) might mark a fresh offensive. Russians
initially reacted positively to Ukrainian refugees, but became more hostile over the summer. The Russian
government continues to welcome refugees; thousands of Ukrainians have resettled in Siberia alone.
Many Ukrainians in Russia support the war as a liberating mission.
The economy
Sanctions have perpetuated existing economic problems and rising food prices, and have also given the
government scope to blame the US. Economic problems have been reflected in decreases in capital
expenditure, which began in the second half of December 2014. In Ponomarev’s view, the tax system
should be reformed and decentralized. Regions should have responsibility for their tax income, and tax
declarations should be made mandatory.
Potential tipping points
Ponomarev outlined a number of potential developments over the next couple of years that might provide
a stimulus for change in attitudes and prompt the current elite to propose an alternative candidate for the
presidency by the end of 2017. This might be the case if the economy continues to deteriorate and
influential Russians do not see their financial situation improving imminently. Economists predict that
reserves will drop to critical levels in 2016. Furthermore, after the 2016 elections in the US, the Russian
population may not be happy with renegotiated relations with the new president there.
Current and potential alternatives
There is a big possibility that a post-Putin leadership might characterize itself as more ‘Putinist’ that
Putin, and perpetuate the current political system while also criticizing their predecessor’s pro-
Europeanism. After the collapse of the USSR, the Russian elite was never fundamentally reconstructed,
and that this must happen now. The West can influence this through careful selection of those whom it
targets through sanctions.
Spravedlivaia Rossiia (Fair Russia) is an attempt to create a leftist coalition, merging parties and NGOs
and thus mobilizing the Russian middle class, many of whom tend to be liberal leftists. Levyi Front (Left
Front) activist Leonid Razvozzhayev was kidnapped in Ukraine in October 2012. Ultra-leftists influence
the liberal flank, as evidenced by the movement during the 2012 Bolotnaya protests.
Ponomarev did not name a specific alternative candidate for leadership, but stated the need for the
opposition to unite to the exclusion of extreme factions. He warned against a tendency to be elitist or to
discriminate according to age. Ultimately, he concluded, ‘action is more dangerous than words’.