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The New Software Defined Supply Chain 
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
Thorsten Schroeer 
IBM Director Electronics Industry Europe 
thorsten.schroeer@de.ibm.com 
Wiesbaden, September 2014
People can have the Model T in any 
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
color – so long as it’s black. 
HENRY FORD
Ford Automotive Output, 1901-1914 
$5 Daily Wage Introduced 
Assembly time down to 1.5 hours 
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
Shift to moving 
production line 
Model T Introduction 
Assembly Time Per Car: 14 Hours
Ford Automotive Output, 1901-1924 
© 2014 IBM Corporation
STANDARDIZATION MODULARIZATION DIGITIZATION 
© 2014 IBM Corporation
3 KEY RULES 
OF PRODUCT DESIGN 
CUSTOM PARTS STANDARD 
COMPONENTS ASSEMBLY MODULES 
MECHANICAL CONTROLS DIGITAL 
© 2014 IBM Corporation
3 CHARACTERISTICS 
OF INDUSTRY STRUCTURE & TRADE 
Economies of Scale BIG 
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
Multi-Tier Supply Chains COMPLEX 
Low Cost Supply Chains GLOBAL
© 2014 IBM Corporation
3 NEW 
TECHNOLOGIES 
3D PRINTING INTELLIGENT ROBOTICS OPEN SOURCE 
© 2014 IBM Corporation
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
gettyimage
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
gettyimage
© 2014 IBM Corporation
STANDARDIZATION 
3D PRINTING 
NO ECONOMIES 
OF SCALE 
COST PER UNIT VOLUME PRINTED 
$/CUBIC CM - BLENDED AVERAGE 
- 
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
ON DEMAND 
MANUFACTURING 
LOCATION 
ELASTIC 
79% - 
92%
gettyimage 
© 2014 IBM Corporation
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
gettyimage
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
gettyimage
MODULARIZATION 
ROBOTICS 
HARD 
AUTOMATION 
FLEXIBLE 
TYPICAL COST PER ROBOTIC 
ASSEMBLY STATION 
ROBOTICS 
INTELLIGENT 
ROBOTICS 
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
- 
90%
DIGITIZATION 
INTELLIGENCE 
MOORE’S 
LAW 
OPEN SOURCE HARDWARE 
DESIGNS ON THINGIVERSE 
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
OPEN 
SOURCE
HARDWARE CONSTRAINED 
BUILD A 
MOLD OR 
CAST 
HARDWIRE 
PRODUCTION 
LINE 
DEVELOP 
EMBEDDED 
CHIP 
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
SOFTWARE DEFINED 
PRINT PARTS 
DIRECTLY BY 
SOFTWARE 
RECONFIGURE 
ASSEMBLY THROUGH 
SOFTWARE 
DIGITAL CONTROLS 
USING SOFTWARE
SOFTWARE DEFINED 
SUPPLY CHAIN 
© 2014 IBM Corporation
© 2014 IBM Corporation
Will be most 
affected by 
Strategies 
should you 
Are the best 
locations to 
Will these 
technologies 
Do I need to re-engineer 
my 
▶ WHO ▶ WHAT ▶ WHERE ▶ WHEN ▶ WHY 
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
these 
technologies? 
adopt to be 
competitive? 
invest going 
forward? 
impact 
investment 
decisions? 
end-to-end 
business 
processes?
4 DIFFERENT PRODUCTS COST 
VOLUME 
SIZE 
COMPLEXITY 
PERSONALIZATION 
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
WASHING 
MACHINE 
INDUSTRIAL 
DISPLAY 
MOBILE 
PHONE 
HEARING 
AID
EACH PRODUCT INDIVIDUALLY 
TORN DOWN 
© 2014 IBM Corporation
EACH PRODUCT INDIVIDUALLY 
TORN DOWN 
© 2014 IBM Corporation
EACH PRODUCT INDIVIDUALLY 
TORN DOWN 
© 2014 IBM Corporation
EACH PRODUCT INDIVIDUALLY 
TORN DOWN 
© 2014 IBM Corporation
EACH PRODUCT INDIVIDUALLY 
TORN DOWN 
© 2014 IBM Corporation
EACH PRODUCT INDIVIDUALLY 
TORN DOWN 
© 2014 IBM Corporation
5 GLOBAL LEADERS 
IBM RESEARCH 
John Cohn 
Phil Reeves Leo Bonnanni 
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
PLANT LOCATION 
INTERNATIONAL 
David Zaharachuk 
Mike Watson Alex Scott
1 INTEGRATED MODEL 
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
PLANT LOCATION 
INTERNATIONAL
3 AMAZING RESULTS 
COST 
SCALE 
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
CO2 IMPACT
LOWER COST 
23% 
CHEAPER 
AGGREGATE NORMALIZED UNIT COST 
© 2014 IBM Corporation
LOWER SCALE 
90% 
LESS VOLUME 
REQUIRED 
AGGREGATE NORMALIZED 
MINIMUM ECONOMIC SCALE 
© 2014 IBM Corporation
NOT NECESSARILY GREENER 
AGGREGATE NORMALIZED 
CO2 ANALYSIS 
9% 
HIGHER 
67% 
LOWER 
© 2014 IBM Corporation
IMPACT on Supply Chains 
Today Future 
AAggggrreeggaattee Demand Management 
Unique/Individual 
Centralized Localized 
Centralized 
Procurement/Sourcing 
Finished Goods Raw Materials 
Finished Goods 
Inventory Management 
Forecast-Based Scheduling & Planning 
Real-Time 
Make to Stock Manufacturing 
Engineer to Order 
Centralized Distributed 
Global Local 
Standard Cost Real (Dynamic) Cost 
© 2014 IBM Corporation 
Forecast-Based 
Make to Stock 
Centralized 
Global 
Standard Cost 
Distribution 
Logistics 
Cost Management
© 2014 IBM Corporation
© 2014 IBM Corporation
SMALL 
SIMPLE 
LOCAL 
© 2014 39 IBM Corporation
“Change Is Good! You Go First!” 
© 2014 IBM Corporation
RECOMMENDATIONS 
FOR INDUSTRY 
© 2014 41 IBM Corporation
FULL REPORT & MODEL NOW AVAILABLE 
ONLINE AND ON YOUR MOBILE DEVICE 
wwww.linkedin.com/in/thorstenschroeer www.xing.com/profile/Thorsten_Schroeer 
© 2014 42 © 2013 I BIBMM C Coorrppoorraatitoionn

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20140928 sdsc for apics_ibm_thorsten schroeer final v2

  • 1. The New Software Defined Supply Chain © 2014 IBM Corporation Thorsten Schroeer IBM Director Electronics Industry Europe thorsten.schroeer@de.ibm.com Wiesbaden, September 2014
  • 2. People can have the Model T in any © 2014 IBM Corporation color – so long as it’s black. HENRY FORD
  • 3. Ford Automotive Output, 1901-1914 $5 Daily Wage Introduced Assembly time down to 1.5 hours © 2014 IBM Corporation Shift to moving production line Model T Introduction Assembly Time Per Car: 14 Hours
  • 4. Ford Automotive Output, 1901-1924 © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 6. 3 KEY RULES OF PRODUCT DESIGN CUSTOM PARTS STANDARD COMPONENTS ASSEMBLY MODULES MECHANICAL CONTROLS DIGITAL © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 7. 3 CHARACTERISTICS OF INDUSTRY STRUCTURE & TRADE Economies of Scale BIG © 2014 IBM Corporation Multi-Tier Supply Chains COMPLEX Low Cost Supply Chains GLOBAL
  • 8. © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 9. 3 NEW TECHNOLOGIES 3D PRINTING INTELLIGENT ROBOTICS OPEN SOURCE © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 10. © 2014 IBM Corporation gettyimage
  • 11. © 2014 IBM Corporation gettyimage
  • 12. © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 13. STANDARDIZATION 3D PRINTING NO ECONOMIES OF SCALE COST PER UNIT VOLUME PRINTED $/CUBIC CM - BLENDED AVERAGE - © 2014 IBM Corporation ON DEMAND MANUFACTURING LOCATION ELASTIC 79% - 92%
  • 14. gettyimage © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 15. © 2014 IBM Corporation gettyimage
  • 16. © 2014 IBM Corporation gettyimage
  • 17. MODULARIZATION ROBOTICS HARD AUTOMATION FLEXIBLE TYPICAL COST PER ROBOTIC ASSEMBLY STATION ROBOTICS INTELLIGENT ROBOTICS © 2014 IBM Corporation - 90%
  • 18. DIGITIZATION INTELLIGENCE MOORE’S LAW OPEN SOURCE HARDWARE DESIGNS ON THINGIVERSE © 2014 IBM Corporation OPEN SOURCE
  • 19. HARDWARE CONSTRAINED BUILD A MOLD OR CAST HARDWIRE PRODUCTION LINE DEVELOP EMBEDDED CHIP © 2014 IBM Corporation SOFTWARE DEFINED PRINT PARTS DIRECTLY BY SOFTWARE RECONFIGURE ASSEMBLY THROUGH SOFTWARE DIGITAL CONTROLS USING SOFTWARE
  • 20. SOFTWARE DEFINED SUPPLY CHAIN © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 21. © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 22. Will be most affected by Strategies should you Are the best locations to Will these technologies Do I need to re-engineer my ▶ WHO ▶ WHAT ▶ WHERE ▶ WHEN ▶ WHY © 2014 IBM Corporation these technologies? adopt to be competitive? invest going forward? impact investment decisions? end-to-end business processes?
  • 23. 4 DIFFERENT PRODUCTS COST VOLUME SIZE COMPLEXITY PERSONALIZATION © 2014 IBM Corporation WASHING MACHINE INDUSTRIAL DISPLAY MOBILE PHONE HEARING AID
  • 24. EACH PRODUCT INDIVIDUALLY TORN DOWN © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 25. EACH PRODUCT INDIVIDUALLY TORN DOWN © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 26. EACH PRODUCT INDIVIDUALLY TORN DOWN © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 27. EACH PRODUCT INDIVIDUALLY TORN DOWN © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 28. EACH PRODUCT INDIVIDUALLY TORN DOWN © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 29. EACH PRODUCT INDIVIDUALLY TORN DOWN © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 30. 5 GLOBAL LEADERS IBM RESEARCH John Cohn Phil Reeves Leo Bonnanni © 2014 IBM Corporation PLANT LOCATION INTERNATIONAL David Zaharachuk Mike Watson Alex Scott
  • 31. 1 INTEGRATED MODEL © 2014 IBM Corporation PLANT LOCATION INTERNATIONAL
  • 32. 3 AMAZING RESULTS COST SCALE © 2014 IBM Corporation CO2 IMPACT
  • 33. LOWER COST 23% CHEAPER AGGREGATE NORMALIZED UNIT COST © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 34. LOWER SCALE 90% LESS VOLUME REQUIRED AGGREGATE NORMALIZED MINIMUM ECONOMIC SCALE © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 35. NOT NECESSARILY GREENER AGGREGATE NORMALIZED CO2 ANALYSIS 9% HIGHER 67% LOWER © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 36. IMPACT on Supply Chains Today Future AAggggrreeggaattee Demand Management Unique/Individual Centralized Localized Centralized Procurement/Sourcing Finished Goods Raw Materials Finished Goods Inventory Management Forecast-Based Scheduling & Planning Real-Time Make to Stock Manufacturing Engineer to Order Centralized Distributed Global Local Standard Cost Real (Dynamic) Cost © 2014 IBM Corporation Forecast-Based Make to Stock Centralized Global Standard Cost Distribution Logistics Cost Management
  • 37. © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 38. © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 39. SMALL SIMPLE LOCAL © 2014 39 IBM Corporation
  • 40. “Change Is Good! You Go First!” © 2014 IBM Corporation
  • 41. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INDUSTRY © 2014 41 IBM Corporation
  • 42. FULL REPORT & MODEL NOW AVAILABLE ONLINE AND ON YOUR MOBILE DEVICE wwww.linkedin.com/in/thorstenschroeer www.xing.com/profile/Thorsten_Schroeer © 2014 42 © 2013 I BIBMM C Coorrppoorraatitoionn