Xtera Communications, profile picture
Uploaded byXtera Communications
PDF, PPTX432 views

2014 11 13-raman-amplification-for-wdm-transmission-acp-2014-a_th4_e-6-invited-paper-presentation-xtera

The document summarizes Xtera Communications' field trials demonstrating ultra-high bandwidth and bit rate transmission using Raman amplification. It discusses a 150 x 100G field trial over 1,504 km of legacy fiber and a 400G field trial. Raman amplification provides benefits over EDFA by expanding the usable optical spectrum from 38 nm to over 100 nm, increasing reach by 2x, and capacity by 6x. This allows meeting the insatiable demand for bandwidth without compromising transmission distance.

Embed presentation

Download as PDF, PPTX
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 1 Raman Amplification for Ultra-Large Bandwidth and Ultra-High Bit Rate Submarine and Terrestrial Long-Haul WDM Herve Fevrier - Chief Strategy Officer – Xtera Communications ACP 2014 (Shanghai, China) 11-14 November 2014
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 2 Content • Background • Responding to Bandwidth Needs • 150 x 100G Field Trial • 400G Field Trial • Recent Unrepeatered 100G Transmission Results • Raman Repeater: Innovation Going Under Water • Exploiting Spectral Dimension for Higher Network Capacities
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 3 • Sir Venkata Raman earned the Nobel prize in Physics in 1930 – Prize motivation: “For his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him” • Raman effect – Inelastic scattering • Applications – Raman spectroscopy – Raman amplification • Laser sources and amplifiers • Optical communications – 1962: SRS observation – 1973: Raman in optical fibers • Xtera Communications Inc. (1998) – Mohammed Islam (founder – worked on soliton transmission with L. Mollenauer) – “Ideas in a different light”  Raman for: • Different spectral windows • A broader spectrum • And obviously reach Raman History
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 4 • Founded in 1998 • Opening new windows: The S-band (2000-2001) • Broadening the spectrum: 100 nm window (2002-2005) – 1st commercial deployment 2004: 2.4 Tbit/s Xtera Communications: The first steps
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 5 Technical Responses to Insatiable Bandwidth Demand
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 6 The Bandwidth Demand is Insatiable 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Year Datatraffic(petabyte/month) Minnesota Internet Traffic Studies (MINTS) for US IP traffic High Low Swanson-Gilder for US IP traffic Cisco Visual Networking Index Forecast and Methodology 2007-2012 and 2012–2017 For global IP traffic  Doubling about every 18 months (≈2 dB per year)
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 7 With 100G Being The Dominant Line Rate Global 10G, 40G, 100G & 100+G DWDM line card revenue (After Ovum) 0,00 1,75 3,50 5,25 7,00 8,75 Year 2019 10G revenues 40G revenues 100G revenues 100G+ revenues 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 DWDMlinecardrevenues($B)
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 8 It’s All About…
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 9 The Internet Growth 2B 11/10/2010 1B 10/05/2005 After Internet Society Annual Report 2012 Internet Penetration Global IP traffic will grow from 43 PB/month in 2012 to 120PB/month in 2017 (23% CAGR) After Cisco VNI (2013)
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 10 • Undersea is approx. 35% of total used international bandwidth. • It is dominated by Internet bandwidth. • The traffic matrix is becoming more balanced. Undersea Communications Forecast 0,0% 20,0% 40,0% 60,0% 80,0% 100,0% 0 100 000 200 000 300 000 400 000 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Totalusedsubmarinecapacity(Gbps) Used for Internet (%) Used for private networks (%) Used for switched voice (%) Total Used Submarine Capacity (Gbps) 31,3% 32,5% 33,8% 35,0% 36,3% 37,5% 0 250 000 500 000 750 000 1 000 000 2011201220132014201520162017201820192020 Submarinebandwidth percentage Totalusedinternational bandwidth(Gbps) 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Trans-Atlantic Trans-Pacific US-Latin America Intra-Asia Europe-ME & Egypt
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 11 Total Used International Bandwidth (Gbit/s) in China 0 17 500 35 000 52 500 70 000 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 12 Data Center Interconnect Traffic is Booming!! Source: Ovum
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 13 Response from the Optical Communications Industry Enabled by • Faster opto-electronics • Wavelength multiplexing in C band • Polarization multiplexing • Multi-level modulation formats 0.1 10 100 1000 20161988 1992 1996 2000 2004 565 Mbit/s 2.5G 10G 40G 1994 1998 20021986 1990 8 x 2.5G 16 x 2.5G 40 x 2.5G 80 x 2.5G16 x 10G 10 Gbit/s 100 Gbit/s 40 x 10G 160 x 2.5G 10,000 1 100,000 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 Year 17.6 Tbit/s 8.8 Tbit/s Single-wavelength system 800 Gbit/s 80 x 10G 80 x 40G 88 x 100G 44 x 400G FiberCapacity(Gbit/s)
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 14 Five multiplexing dimensions available: • Time – Faster opto-electronics (enabling 10G, 40G, 100G…) – Current practical limit: about 30 Gbaud devices • Frequency – Multiplexing more optical carriers at different frequencies – Conventional EDFA-based WDM technology limited to C band (≈ 38 nm) • Polarization – Propagation of several states of optical polarization, each supporting a data stream – Practical today’s implementation: two polarizations • Quadrature – Multi-level modulation format – BPSK, QPSK, 8QAM, 16QAM, 64QAM… leading to reach reduction • Space – More transmission media are made available in parallel – Different flavors of Spatial Division Multiplexing (SDM): ribbon fiber, multi-core fiber, multi-mode fiber How to Keep up With Bandwidth Demand? ✔ ✔ ✔ 1100 Q 1101 I 16-QAM 1110 1111 0101 0111 1000 I Q 1101 QPSK 0 I Q 1 BPSK
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 15 Five multiplexing dimensions available: • Time – Faster opto-electronics (enabling 10G, 40G, 100G…) – Current practical limit: about 30 Gbaud devices • Frequency – Multiplexing more optical carriers at different frequencies – Conventional EDFA-based WDM technology limited to C band (≈ 38 nm) • Polarization – Propagation of several states of optical polarization, each supporting a data stream – Practical today’s implementation: two polarizations • Quadrature – Multi-level modulation format – BPSK, QPSK, 8QAM, 16QAM, 64QAM… leading to reach reduction • Space – More transmission media are made available in parallel – Different flavors of Spatial Division Multiplexing (SDM): ribbon fiber, multi-core fiber, multi-mode fiber Two Remaining Dimensions Evolution or Revolution? ✔ ✔ ✔
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 16 Evolution With Optical Spectrum Expansion As Enabled With Raman Optical Amplification All-Raman provides x 3 in terms of spectrum All-Raman provides x 2 in terms of reach All-Raman provides x 6 in terms of Capacity x Reach Maximizing spectral efficiency AND spectrum without compromising reach -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 1515 1535 1555 1575 1595 1605 Power(dBm) 1625 Wavelength (nm) 100 nm of continuous optical bandwidth in the field since 2004
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 17 Terrestrial
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 18 Field Trial: 150 x 100G • Deployed more than ten years ago • Multiple ODFs in the path • G.652 fiber with multiple splice points as a result of construction activities in the metropolitan area • Length: 79.2 km per span • 19 fibers/spans equipped (1,504 km total) • Average span loss: 21.8 dB • Existing standard connectors (SC/PC) • Average fiber attenuation: 0.275 dB/km • Shows three lumped loss of 1.2 ~ 1.9 dB Bi-directional OTDR example of Verizon span Challenging environment G.652 field fiber 79.2 km per span IL: 20 - 23 dB
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 19 150 x 100G System Configuration Wide-band booster Aged network fiber 79.2-km span Loss: 20 - 23 dB x19 Backward Raman pump module Forward Raman pump module Gain Flattening Filter (GFF) Optional modules Span # 01 20.3dB Span # 02 22.5dB Span # 03 22.8dB Span # 04 22.2dB Span # 05 21.5dB Span # 06 20.4dB Span # 07 22.6dB Span # 08 20.1dB Span # 09 21.4dB Span # 11 22.9dB Span # 12 20.5dB Span # 13 21.3dB Span # 14 22.1dB Span # 15 21.8dB Span # 16 23.1dB Span # 10 21.6dB Span # 17 22.2dB Span # 18 22.4dB Span # 19 22.1dB 19 x 7 x Backward Raman pump module GFF Type I 5 x GFF Type II 5 x Forward Raman pump module Total distance: 1,504 km (19 spans) 45 C-Band (odd) DFBs 30 L-Band (odd) DFBs 45 C-Band (even) DFBs 30 L-Band (even) DFBs 100G Comb 100G Comb L-100G MXP C-100G MXP C-100G MXP C-100G MXP 90/10 100-GHz PM-AWG
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 20 • Input channels are pre-emphasized to provide flat Q over spectrum at receive side. • Ripple is controlled by multiple backward Raman pumps and passive link Gain Flattening Filters (GFFs). • Ripple is < 5 dB after 19 spans. 150 x 100G Transmission: Measured OSA Spectra -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 1525 1535 1545 1555 1565 1575 1585 1595 Power(dBm) Wavelength (nm) Booster output spectrum 0.1nm RBW -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 1525 1535 1545 1555 1565 1575 1585 1595 Power(dBm) Wavelength (nm) After 19 spans – 1,504 km 0.1nm RBW
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 21 • After 19 spans, margin (from SD-FEC threshold) is ~5 dB Q. • 3 x distance can be bridged (4,500km) before regeneration. 150 x 100G Transmission: Q Over Distance Q over Distance 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Distance (km) 1400 1600 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 QfactorbeforeSD-FEC(dB) 1590.83 nm 1564.27 nm 1562.64 nm 1532.68 nm Q factor threshold
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 22 • 15 Tbit/s (150 x 100G) field trial over 1,504 km with all-distributed Raman amplification – Over the Verizon legacy network fiber (average attenuation of 0.275 dB/km) – Average Q = 11.4 dB (5 dB margin from the SD-FEC threshold) – Excellent agreement between modeling and field measurements – Very stable operation over 100 hours – No active gain flattening devices as required in EDFA-based systems • Transmission of 4 x 100G at 33.3 GHz spacing along with 50 GHz spaced channels – 22.5 Tbit/s capacity (50% capacity increase) – Measured Q = 10.2 dB • Room for improvement: – Booster output OSNR as low as 30 dB due to setup constraints – Non-optimized Nyquist filtering – System operating in the “linear regime”: further improvement expected from stronger booster and distributed Raman pump power 100G Field Trials Summary
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 23 PM-16QAM Receiver LOIX QX IY QY Aged network fiber 79.2 km IL: 20 - 23 dB 45 C-Band (odd) DFBs 30 L-Band (odd) DFBs 45 C-Band (even) DFBs 30 L-Band (even) DFBs 100G Comb 100G Comb 8 ECL (odd) 8 ECL (even) 64 GS/s DAC 64 GS/s DAC Nyquist shaped 16QAM signals Optical Modulator Optical Modulator C-100G MXP L-100G MXP C-100G MXP L-100G MXP Tunable filter ECL x19 Off-Line DSP for CD, PMD, and Signal Recovery Digital Storage Oscilloscope BPD BPD BPD BPD Pol-Diverse 90 Degree Optical Hybrid Commercial All-Distributed Raman Wide-Band ULH System (61 nm) PM-16QAM Transmitters 100-GHz PM-AWG 90/10 Wide-band Booster C-100G MXP Optional modules (12x GFFs and 5x forward Raman pumps in total) backward Raman pumps WSS Pol. Mux (a) (b) PM-16QAM 400G Tx PM-16QAM 400G Rx All-Raman System Setup for 400G Field Trial
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 24 Spectra of PM-16QAM 400G Channels #2#1 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 At transmitter • Eight 400G channels at 100 GHz • Dual-carrier PM-16QAM • 100 GHz between 400G channel • 50 GHz between 200G subcarriers At receiver (1,504 km) • OSNR: 19.5 dB / 0.1 nm -65 -60 -55 -50 -45 -40 1543 1545 1547 1549 1551 1553 1555 1557 1559 Power(dBm) Wavelength (nm) 0.01nm RBW8 x 400G channels – 100GHz spacing (16 x 200G subcarriers – 50GHz spacing) 100G channels 50GHz spacing
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 25 • Error-free transmission of eight PM-16QAM 400G channels (spaced 100 GHz apart) over 1,504 km aged SSMF in field – The line system configuration was the one of the 100G field trial  No optimization carried out for 400G trial • Key technical enablers: – All-distributed Raman amplification – High-gain FEC coding • 16QAM signals can be supported by existing carriers’ long-haul fiber networks by reducing OSNR degradation during signal propagation with all-distributed Raman amplification and by increasing FEC coding gain. • In Verizon’s opinion, the trial result may delay carriers’ need to light new pair of fiber to meet the growing traffic demand for several years. 400G Field Trial Summary
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 26 Verizon infrastructure representative of end-of-life numbers Results for 1,504 km, 61 nm transmission with high margins • First trial: 100G – 150 x 100G PM-QPSK (50 GHz) on 1,500 km: 15T / 4,500+ km • Second trial: 400G (4 x 100G) – MC 4 x 100G PM-QPSK (33 GHz) on 1,500 km: 20T / 3,000+ km • Third trial: 400G (2 x 200G) – DC PM-16QAM (2 x 200G) • 50 GHz spacing: 30T / 2,000+ km • 37.5 GHz spacing: 40T /1,500+ km • With 100-nm spectrum (as deployed in 2004-2009): – 24T / 4,500+ km – 48T / 2,000+ km – 64T / 1,500+ km Validation Field Trial – Summary
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 27 XWDM [Capacity – Reach] Metric 240 x 100G • 100 nm spectrum • PM-QPSK channels • 50 GHz channel spacing • 2 bit/s/Hz spectral efficiency 120 x 400G • 100 nm spectrum • PM-16QAM 200G carriers spaced 50 GHz apart • 4 bit/s/Hz spectral efficiency 160 x 400G • 100 nm spectrum • PM-16QAM 200G carriers spaced 37.5 GHz apart • 5.3 bit/s/Hz spectral efficiency  16QAM on more than 2,000 km of aged fiber (0.28 dB/km)
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 28 Submarine Unrepeatered
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 29 • Maximizing the reach at 100G – 1 x 100G on 520 km of ULL fiber, with ROPA – 4 x 100G on 523 km of Vascade EX2000 fiber, with ROPA – 1 x 100G on 557 km of Vascade EX2000 fiber, with ROPA • Maximizing the capacity over long unrepeatered distances – 150 x 100G on 334 km of ULL fiber, without ROPA – 150 x 100G on 390 km of ULL fiber, with ROPA – 150 x 100G on 410 km of Vascade EX2000 fiber, with ROPA Recent Unrepeatered 100G Transmission Results
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 30 390 km, 150 x 100G Unrepeatered Transmission With ROPA ROPA Forward Raman pumping Backward Raman pumping Direction of transport 273 km ULL fiber 117 km ULL fiber Perchannelpower(dBm) Gain from forward Raman pumping Gain from backward Raman pumping Fiber attenuation 150 wavelengths Gain from ROPA 0 50 100 150 200 250 350 400 Transmission distance (km) 300 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 31 390 km, 150 x 100G Unrepeatered Transmission With ROPA ROPA Forward Raman pumping Backward Raman pumping Direction of transport 273 km ULL fiber 117 km ULL fiber -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 1525 1535 1545 1555 1565 1575 1585 1595 Wavelength (nm) Power(dBm) Preamp output spectrum 0.1nm RBW -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 1525 1535 1545 1555 1565 1575 1585 1595 Wavelength (nm) Power(dBm) Booster output spectrum 0.1nm RBW
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 32 Submarine Repeatered
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 33 Optical Repeater for Subsea Cable Systems Launched at Innovation: Electrical Improved powering enabling Raman amplification. Optical Modular optical design. Spectrum increased by 50%. Mechanical Marine grade titanium. Compact, light and strong. Manufacturability Flexible and simplified manufacturing process. -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 Wavelength (nm) Effectivenoisefigure(dB) -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 Wavelength (nm) Relativegain(dB)
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 34 Optical Benefits from Raman in Repeaters • Better noise performance • Lower nonlinearities • Broader spectrum • Optical synthetizer • Active gain tilt controller  Longer repeater spacing  Longer reach  Wider spectrum for higher capacity
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 35 Status of Xtera Repeatered Projects • 4 projects: – 1 short – 2 regional – 1 long haul • Deployments: – 1 in 2014 – 2 in 2015
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 36 Exploiting Spectral Dimension for Higher Network Capacities
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 37 • People have worked incredibly on spectral efficiency since 1989 – 4 x 2.5G in the C-band – 40 x 10G in the C-band – 80 x 10G in the C-band – 93 x 100G in the C-band – …BUT… – The industry still uses only the C band Wireline So Far… Fiberattenuation(dB/km) 1.0 0.8 0.4 0.2 1.2 1.71.61.51.41.3 Optical wavelength (µm) C band Old fibers Modern fibers
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 38 Fiberattenuation(dB/km) 0.8 0.4 0.2 1.2 1.71.61.51.41.3 Optical wavelength (µm) Old fibers Modern fibers The Wireline Spectrum Opportunity Band Description Wavelength range O band Original (“1.3 µm window”) 1260 to 1360 nm E band Extended 1360 to 1460 nm S band Short wavelengths 1460 to 1530 nm C band Conventional ("erbium window") 1530 to 1565 nm L band Long wavelengths 1565 to 1625 nm U band Ultra-long wavelengths 1625 to 1675 nm LCSO E U
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 39 1. Today: Xtera has the full portfolio for 15 Tbit/s line capacity over ultra- long distances (150 x 100G in 61 nm spectrum). 2. XWDM scenario (within end 2015): – Terrestrial: 100 nm / 64 Tbit/s 3. Improved spectral efficiency to reach 1 Tbit/s per nm 4. Opening 50 nm in the S-band 5. Opening 50 nm in the O-band 6. Finally get to 100 nm for repeatered submarine The result is a unified converged optical network. – 100 Tbit/s for Long Haul and Ultra Long Haul – 50 Tbit/s for Regional (up to approx. 1,000 km) – 50 Tbit/s for Local Notes: We cannot use the E band for already deployed fiber infrastructure Xtera Scenario of the Future
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 40 The Future is a Highway with 4 Lanes! 1 lane of 50 nm Regional traffic 1 lane of 50 nm Local traffic 2 lanes of 50 nm Long-haul traffic Expanding line system spectrum for exploiting fiber bandwidth.
© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 41 The “next revolution” will happen but it may take 10 or 15 years and in the meantime… an evolution fueled by Raman technology can cope with 200 Tbit/s per fiber pair. Conclusion Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (1888 – 1970) First Asian scientist to receive the Nobel prize in physics (in 1930)
Maximizing Network Capacity, Reach and Value Over land, under sea, worldwide © 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 42

More Related Content

PDF
2014 11 13-advanced-technologies-for-unrepeatered-transmission-systems-and-th...
byXtera Communications
 
PDF
2016 02 03 - efficient optical transport layer for high-capacity optical netw...
byXtera Communications
 
PDF
2014 11 14-15_t-unrepeatered-transmission-over-409-6-km-acp-2014-af4b-4-post-...
byXtera Communications
 
PDF
2014 11 13-field-deployment-of-advanced-photonic-technologies-for-ultra-high-...
byXtera Communications
 
PDF
2015 02 04 international optical transport developments wdm africa 2015
byXtera Communications
 
PDF
2015 10 07 - efficient optical transport layer for high-capacity optical netw...
byXtera Communications
 
PDF
2015 09 09-unrepeatered-systems-presentation-snw-singapore-2015
byXtera Communications
 
PDF
2015 06 23 the most advanced repeater wdm nice 2015 original
byXtera Communications
 
2014 11 13-advanced-technologies-for-unrepeatered-transmission-systems-and-th...
byXtera Communications
 
2016 02 03 - efficient optical transport layer for high-capacity optical netw...
byXtera Communications
 
2014 11 14-15_t-unrepeatered-transmission-over-409-6-km-acp-2014-af4b-4-post-...
byXtera Communications
 
2014 11 13-field-deployment-of-advanced-photonic-technologies-for-ultra-high-...
byXtera Communications
 
2015 02 04 international optical transport developments wdm africa 2015
byXtera Communications
 
2015 10 07 - efficient optical transport layer for high-capacity optical netw...
byXtera Communications
 
2015 09 09-unrepeatered-systems-presentation-snw-singapore-2015
byXtera Communications
 
2015 06 23 the most advanced repeater wdm nice 2015 original
byXtera Communications
 

What's hot

PDF
2016 02 02 - business case for new subsea and terrestrial builds in africa - ...
byXtera Communications
 
PPTX
400 Gbs e 1 TBs systems and fiber nonlinearities Jacklyn Dias Reis
byCPqD
 
PPTX
Next-Generation Access/Backhaul based on ITU G.989, NG-PON2
byADVA
 
PDF
2015 06 23 super optical layer wdm nice 2015
byXtera Communications
 
PPTX
Access and Backhaul Consolidation with NG-PON2
byADVA
 
PDF
ROADM Technologies for Flexible - Tbitsec Optical Networks
byCPqD
 
PDF
Implications of super channels on CDC ROADM architectures
byAnuj Malik
 
PDF
850 MHz & 900 MHz Co-Existence
bySitha Sok
 
PPTX
Next Generation Optical Networking: Software-Defined Optical Networking
byADVA
 
PDF
【Qualcomm press material】qct tech summit qualcomm vive with mu mimo-todd antes
byLow Hong Chuan
 
PDF
Submarine Amplifiers and Systems
byCPqD
 
PDF
Huawei antenna tdd-8_t8r_antenna_maximize_potentials_of_network
byJulio Santana
 
PDF
Fiber Technology Trends for Next Generation Networks
byCPqD
 
PDF
Huawei Workshop LTE Spectrum Strategic Opportunities
byAdrian Hall
 
PDF
What makes telco tick and what to expect from real 5G
byDr. Kim (Kyllesbech Larsen)
 
PDF
Performance Tradeoffs of 120 Gb/s DP-QPSK in ROADM Systems
byADVA
 
PPTX
Cross Phase Modulation (XPM) Reduction in Hybrid Systems with 100G QPSK and 1...
byADVA
 
PDF
Metro High-Speed Product Line Manager
byCPqD
 
PDF
Nonlinear Impact of Diverse Optical Routing in Uncompensated 120 Gb/s PM-QPSK...
byADVA
 
PPTX
N-degree ROADM Architecture Comparison: Broadcast-and-Select vs Route-and-Select
byADVA
 
2016 02 02 - business case for new subsea and terrestrial builds in africa - ...
byXtera Communications
 
400 Gbs e 1 TBs systems and fiber nonlinearities Jacklyn Dias Reis
byCPqD
 
Next-Generation Access/Backhaul based on ITU G.989, NG-PON2
byADVA
 
2015 06 23 super optical layer wdm nice 2015
byXtera Communications
 
Access and Backhaul Consolidation with NG-PON2
byADVA
 
ROADM Technologies for Flexible - Tbitsec Optical Networks
byCPqD
 
Implications of super channels on CDC ROADM architectures
byAnuj Malik
 
850 MHz & 900 MHz Co-Existence
bySitha Sok
 
Next Generation Optical Networking: Software-Defined Optical Networking
byADVA
 
【Qualcomm press material】qct tech summit qualcomm vive with mu mimo-todd antes
byLow Hong Chuan
 
Submarine Amplifiers and Systems
byCPqD
 
Huawei antenna tdd-8_t8r_antenna_maximize_potentials_of_network
byJulio Santana
 
Fiber Technology Trends for Next Generation Networks
byCPqD
 
Huawei Workshop LTE Spectrum Strategic Opportunities
byAdrian Hall
 
What makes telco tick and what to expect from real 5G
byDr. Kim (Kyllesbech Larsen)
 
Performance Tradeoffs of 120 Gb/s DP-QPSK in ROADM Systems
byADVA
 
Cross Phase Modulation (XPM) Reduction in Hybrid Systems with 100G QPSK and 1...
byADVA
 
Metro High-Speed Product Line Manager
byCPqD
 
Nonlinear Impact of Diverse Optical Routing in Uncompensated 120 Gb/s PM-QPSK...
byADVA
 
N-degree ROADM Architecture Comparison: Broadcast-and-Select vs Route-and-Select
byADVA
 

Similar to 2014 11 13-raman-amplification-for-wdm-transmission-acp-2014-a_th4_e-6-invited-paper-presentation-xtera

PPT
TWEPP09_Antona_Key_technologies_for_present_and_future_optical_networks_v3.ppt
byRichMatter
 
PPT
TWEPP09_Antona_Key_technologies_for_present_and_future_optical_networks_v3 (2...
byHimansuShekharPradha1
 
PDF
PLNOG 5: Maciej Stawiarski - How to Build a Network for the Next 25 Years
byPROIDEA
 
PPSX
High capacity optical
byNisha Menon K
 
PDF
dwdm_pocket_guide.pdf
byVGabriel3
 
PPTX
Design and Simulation WDM
byMuzahidul Islam
 
PPT
Dwdm
byMastan Shaik
 
PPT
Optical networking
byFawzi Mohammed Hassan
 
PPTX
The Next Generation Multimode Fiber: Wide Bandwidth MMF
byLizGoldsmith
 
DOCX
Instructions you are to read the assigned paper and prep.docx
byjaggernaoma
 
PPT
Dense wavelength division multiplexing
byTauseef khan
 
DOCX
Dwdm
byARCHYASOME SARKAR
 
PPT
WDM Basics
byTarig Elamin
 
PDF
Optical Transport Technologies and Trends
byMyNOG
 
PDF
Expanding the Boundaries of Optical Communications
byCPqD
 
PDF
Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM): A Review
byKamal Pradhan
 
PDF
Trends and evolution of optical networks and technologies
byMd.Bellal Hossain
 
PPTX
Optical Networking Trends & Evolution
byADVA
 
PPT
A System's View of Metro and Regional Optical Networks
byCedric Lam
 
PDF
Data Networks: Next-Generation Optical Access toward 10 Gb/s Everywhere
byXi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University
 
TWEPP09_Antona_Key_technologies_for_present_and_future_optical_networks_v3.ppt
byRichMatter
 
TWEPP09_Antona_Key_technologies_for_present_and_future_optical_networks_v3 (2...
byHimansuShekharPradha1
 
PLNOG 5: Maciej Stawiarski - How to Build a Network for the Next 25 Years
byPROIDEA
 
High capacity optical
byNisha Menon K
 
dwdm_pocket_guide.pdf
byVGabriel3
 
Design and Simulation WDM
byMuzahidul Islam
 
Dwdm
byMastan Shaik
 
Optical networking
byFawzi Mohammed Hassan
 
The Next Generation Multimode Fiber: Wide Bandwidth MMF
byLizGoldsmith
 
Instructions you are to read the assigned paper and prep.docx
byjaggernaoma
 
Dense wavelength division multiplexing
byTauseef khan
 
Dwdm
byARCHYASOME SARKAR
 
WDM Basics
byTarig Elamin
 
Optical Transport Technologies and Trends
byMyNOG
 
Expanding the Boundaries of Optical Communications
byCPqD
 
Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM): A Review
byKamal Pradhan
 
Trends and evolution of optical networks and technologies
byMd.Bellal Hossain
 
Optical Networking Trends & Evolution
byADVA
 
A System's View of Metro and Regional Optical Networks
byCedric Lam
 
Data Networks: Next-Generation Optical Access toward 10 Gb/s Everywhere
byXi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University
 

Recently uploaded

PDF
Automated Governance for FME Flow: Smarter Admin at Scale
bySafe Software
 
PPTX
apidays Paris 2025 | Integration is Feminist: Building Peace in Distributed S...
byapidays
 
PDF
Odoo Implementation Checklist: A Strategic ERP Blueprint for Business-Ready D...
byBANIBRO IT SOLUTION
 
PDF
Traditional-Security-Models-No-Longer-Work.pptx (1).pdf
byOhhproJunction
 
PDF
GenerationAI Paris 2025 | How Agentic AI is Reinventing Organizations
byapidays
 
PDF
The Manifesto for AI-enabled Governance !
byYannis Charalabidis
 
PDF
How does MES(Manufacturing Execution System) work?
byakipii ogaoga
 
PDF
The new book “Marketing in the Metaverse” spotlights Scott M. Graffius’ research
byScott M. Graffius
 
PDF
The Emergence of Empathic XR: AWE Asia 2026 keynote
byMark Billinghurst
 
PDF
GDG Cloud Southlake #49: Pradeep R Kumar: Implications of Agentic AI for Iden...
byJames Anderson
 
PPTX
How Does an ICO Launchpad Work Step-by-Step Breakdown.pptx
byTom Hardy S
 
PDF
Post Quantum Cryptography for Dummies.pdf
byAde Ismail Isnan
 
PDF
Security-Fails-in-the-Gaps-Between-Systems.pptx.pdf
byOhhproJunction
 
PDF
shayk.online - Anonymous chat with Sinatra and WebSockets
byEleanor McHugh
 
PDF
Antminer S23Hyd-580_Manual-V1.1-oneminers.pdf
byFranzhLawrenceBataan1
 
PDF
Explaining the flow of purpose-specific BOM
byakipii ogaoga
 
PDF
NTG -Company Profile_Software_Vendor_Company_in_MENA
byMustafa Kuğu
 
PDF
How to Prepare for the RWA Tokenization Trend
byrose mason
 
PPTX
Celonis Optimizing your future with process
bydevjeremyappleyard
 
PDF
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure 2025 Architect Professional (1Z0-1127-25) Master ...
byExamCert App
 
Automated Governance for FME Flow: Smarter Admin at Scale
bySafe Software
 
apidays Paris 2025 | Integration is Feminist: Building Peace in Distributed S...
byapidays
 
Odoo Implementation Checklist: A Strategic ERP Blueprint for Business-Ready D...
byBANIBRO IT SOLUTION
 
Traditional-Security-Models-No-Longer-Work.pptx (1).pdf
byOhhproJunction
 
GenerationAI Paris 2025 | How Agentic AI is Reinventing Organizations
byapidays
 
The Manifesto for AI-enabled Governance !
byYannis Charalabidis
 
How does MES(Manufacturing Execution System) work?
byakipii ogaoga
 
The new book “Marketing in the Metaverse” spotlights Scott M. Graffius’ research
byScott M. Graffius
 
The Emergence of Empathic XR: AWE Asia 2026 keynote
byMark Billinghurst
 
GDG Cloud Southlake #49: Pradeep R Kumar: Implications of Agentic AI for Iden...
byJames Anderson
 
How Does an ICO Launchpad Work Step-by-Step Breakdown.pptx
byTom Hardy S
 
Post Quantum Cryptography for Dummies.pdf
byAde Ismail Isnan
 
Security-Fails-in-the-Gaps-Between-Systems.pptx.pdf
byOhhproJunction
 
shayk.online - Anonymous chat with Sinatra and WebSockets
byEleanor McHugh
 
Antminer S23Hyd-580_Manual-V1.1-oneminers.pdf
byFranzhLawrenceBataan1
 
Explaining the flow of purpose-specific BOM
byakipii ogaoga
 
NTG -Company Profile_Software_Vendor_Company_in_MENA
byMustafa Kuğu
 
How to Prepare for the RWA Tokenization Trend
byrose mason
 
Celonis Optimizing your future with process
bydevjeremyappleyard
 
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure 2025 Architect Professional (1Z0-1127-25) Master ...
byExamCert App
 

2014 11 13-raman-amplification-for-wdm-transmission-acp-2014-a_th4_e-6-invited-paper-presentation-xtera

  • 1.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 1 Raman Amplification for Ultra-Large Bandwidth and Ultra-High Bit Rate Submarine and Terrestrial Long-Haul WDM Herve Fevrier - Chief Strategy Officer – Xtera Communications ACP 2014 (Shanghai, China) 11-14 November 2014
  • 2.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 2 Content • Background • Responding to Bandwidth Needs • 150 x 100G Field Trial • 400G Field Trial • Recent Unrepeatered 100G Transmission Results • Raman Repeater: Innovation Going Under Water • Exploiting Spectral Dimension for Higher Network Capacities
  • 3.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 3 • Sir Venkata Raman earned the Nobel prize in Physics in 1930 – Prize motivation: “For his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him” • Raman effect – Inelastic scattering • Applications – Raman spectroscopy – Raman amplification • Laser sources and amplifiers • Optical communications – 1962: SRS observation – 1973: Raman in optical fibers • Xtera Communications Inc. (1998) – Mohammed Islam (founder – worked on soliton transmission with L. Mollenauer) – “Ideas in a different light”  Raman for: • Different spectral windows • A broader spectrum • And obviously reach Raman History
  • 4.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 4 • Founded in 1998 • Opening new windows: The S-band (2000-2001) • Broadening the spectrum: 100 nm window (2002-2005) – 1st commercial deployment 2004: 2.4 Tbit/s Xtera Communications: The first steps
  • 5.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 5 Technical Responses to Insatiable Bandwidth Demand
  • 6.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 6 The Bandwidth Demand is Insatiable 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Year Datatraffic(petabyte/month) Minnesota Internet Traffic Studies (MINTS) for US IP traffic High Low Swanson-Gilder for US IP traffic Cisco Visual Networking Index Forecast and Methodology 2007-2012 and 2012–2017 For global IP traffic  Doubling about every 18 months (≈2 dB per year)
  • 7.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 7 With 100G Being The Dominant Line Rate Global 10G, 40G, 100G & 100+G DWDM line card revenue (After Ovum) 0,00 1,75 3,50 5,25 7,00 8,75 Year 2019 10G revenues 40G revenues 100G revenues 100G+ revenues 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 DWDMlinecardrevenues($B)
  • 8.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 8 It’s All About…
  • 9.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 9 The Internet Growth 2B 11/10/2010 1B 10/05/2005 After Internet Society Annual Report 2012 Internet Penetration Global IP traffic will grow from 43 PB/month in 2012 to 120PB/month in 2017 (23% CAGR) After Cisco VNI (2013)
  • 10.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 10 • Undersea is approx. 35% of total used international bandwidth. • It is dominated by Internet bandwidth. • The traffic matrix is becoming more balanced. Undersea Communications Forecast 0,0% 20,0% 40,0% 60,0% 80,0% 100,0% 0 100 000 200 000 300 000 400 000 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Totalusedsubmarinecapacity(Gbps) Used for Internet (%) Used for private networks (%) Used for switched voice (%) Total Used Submarine Capacity (Gbps) 31,3% 32,5% 33,8% 35,0% 36,3% 37,5% 0 250 000 500 000 750 000 1 000 000 2011201220132014201520162017201820192020 Submarinebandwidth percentage Totalusedinternational bandwidth(Gbps) 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Trans-Atlantic Trans-Pacific US-Latin America Intra-Asia Europe-ME & Egypt
  • 11.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 11 Total Used International Bandwidth (Gbit/s) in China 0 17 500 35 000 52 500 70 000 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
  • 12.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 12 Data Center Interconnect Traffic is Booming!! Source: Ovum
  • 13.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 13 Response from the Optical Communications Industry Enabled by • Faster opto-electronics • Wavelength multiplexing in C band • Polarization multiplexing • Multi-level modulation formats 0.1 10 100 1000 20161988 1992 1996 2000 2004 565 Mbit/s 2.5G 10G 40G 1994 1998 20021986 1990 8 x 2.5G 16 x 2.5G 40 x 2.5G 80 x 2.5G16 x 10G 10 Gbit/s 100 Gbit/s 40 x 10G 160 x 2.5G 10,000 1 100,000 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 Year 17.6 Tbit/s 8.8 Tbit/s Single-wavelength system 800 Gbit/s 80 x 10G 80 x 40G 88 x 100G 44 x 400G FiberCapacity(Gbit/s)
  • 14.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 14 Five multiplexing dimensions available: • Time – Faster opto-electronics (enabling 10G, 40G, 100G…) – Current practical limit: about 30 Gbaud devices • Frequency – Multiplexing more optical carriers at different frequencies – Conventional EDFA-based WDM technology limited to C band (≈ 38 nm) • Polarization – Propagation of several states of optical polarization, each supporting a data stream – Practical today’s implementation: two polarizations • Quadrature – Multi-level modulation format – BPSK, QPSK, 8QAM, 16QAM, 64QAM… leading to reach reduction • Space – More transmission media are made available in parallel – Different flavors of Spatial Division Multiplexing (SDM): ribbon fiber, multi-core fiber, multi-mode fiber How to Keep up With Bandwidth Demand? ✔ ✔ ✔ 1100 Q 1101 I 16-QAM 1110 1111 0101 0111 1000 I Q 1101 QPSK 0 I Q 1 BPSK
  • 15.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 15 Five multiplexing dimensions available: • Time – Faster opto-electronics (enabling 10G, 40G, 100G…) – Current practical limit: about 30 Gbaud devices • Frequency – Multiplexing more optical carriers at different frequencies – Conventional EDFA-based WDM technology limited to C band (≈ 38 nm) • Polarization – Propagation of several states of optical polarization, each supporting a data stream – Practical today’s implementation: two polarizations • Quadrature – Multi-level modulation format – BPSK, QPSK, 8QAM, 16QAM, 64QAM… leading to reach reduction • Space – More transmission media are made available in parallel – Different flavors of Spatial Division Multiplexing (SDM): ribbon fiber, multi-core fiber, multi-mode fiber Two Remaining Dimensions Evolution or Revolution? ✔ ✔ ✔
  • 16.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 16 Evolution With Optical Spectrum Expansion As Enabled With Raman Optical Amplification All-Raman provides x 3 in terms of spectrum All-Raman provides x 2 in terms of reach All-Raman provides x 6 in terms of Capacity x Reach Maximizing spectral efficiency AND spectrum without compromising reach -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 1515 1535 1555 1575 1595 1605 Power(dBm) 1625 Wavelength (nm) 100 nm of continuous optical bandwidth in the field since 2004
  • 17.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 17 Terrestrial
  • 18.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 18 Field Trial: 150 x 100G • Deployed more than ten years ago • Multiple ODFs in the path • G.652 fiber with multiple splice points as a result of construction activities in the metropolitan area • Length: 79.2 km per span • 19 fibers/spans equipped (1,504 km total) • Average span loss: 21.8 dB • Existing standard connectors (SC/PC) • Average fiber attenuation: 0.275 dB/km • Shows three lumped loss of 1.2 ~ 1.9 dB Bi-directional OTDR example of Verizon span Challenging environment G.652 field fiber 79.2 km per span IL: 20 - 23 dB
  • 19.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 19 150 x 100G System Configuration Wide-band booster Aged network fiber 79.2-km span Loss: 20 - 23 dB x19 Backward Raman pump module Forward Raman pump module Gain Flattening Filter (GFF) Optional modules Span # 01 20.3dB Span # 02 22.5dB Span # 03 22.8dB Span # 04 22.2dB Span # 05 21.5dB Span # 06 20.4dB Span # 07 22.6dB Span # 08 20.1dB Span # 09 21.4dB Span # 11 22.9dB Span # 12 20.5dB Span # 13 21.3dB Span # 14 22.1dB Span # 15 21.8dB Span # 16 23.1dB Span # 10 21.6dB Span # 17 22.2dB Span # 18 22.4dB Span # 19 22.1dB 19 x 7 x Backward Raman pump module GFF Type I 5 x GFF Type II 5 x Forward Raman pump module Total distance: 1,504 km (19 spans) 45 C-Band (odd) DFBs 30 L-Band (odd) DFBs 45 C-Band (even) DFBs 30 L-Band (even) DFBs 100G Comb 100G Comb L-100G MXP C-100G MXP C-100G MXP C-100G MXP 90/10 100-GHz PM-AWG
  • 20.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 20 • Input channels are pre-emphasized to provide flat Q over spectrum at receive side. • Ripple is controlled by multiple backward Raman pumps and passive link Gain Flattening Filters (GFFs). • Ripple is < 5 dB after 19 spans. 150 x 100G Transmission: Measured OSA Spectra -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 1525 1535 1545 1555 1565 1575 1585 1595 Power(dBm) Wavelength (nm) Booster output spectrum 0.1nm RBW -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 1525 1535 1545 1555 1565 1575 1585 1595 Power(dBm) Wavelength (nm) After 19 spans – 1,504 km 0.1nm RBW
  • 21.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 21 • After 19 spans, margin (from SD-FEC threshold) is ~5 dB Q. • 3 x distance can be bridged (4,500km) before regeneration. 150 x 100G Transmission: Q Over Distance Q over Distance 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Distance (km) 1400 1600 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 QfactorbeforeSD-FEC(dB) 1590.83 nm 1564.27 nm 1562.64 nm 1532.68 nm Q factor threshold
  • 22.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 22 • 15 Tbit/s (150 x 100G) field trial over 1,504 km with all-distributed Raman amplification – Over the Verizon legacy network fiber (average attenuation of 0.275 dB/km) – Average Q = 11.4 dB (5 dB margin from the SD-FEC threshold) – Excellent agreement between modeling and field measurements – Very stable operation over 100 hours – No active gain flattening devices as required in EDFA-based systems • Transmission of 4 x 100G at 33.3 GHz spacing along with 50 GHz spaced channels – 22.5 Tbit/s capacity (50% capacity increase) – Measured Q = 10.2 dB • Room for improvement: – Booster output OSNR as low as 30 dB due to setup constraints – Non-optimized Nyquist filtering – System operating in the “linear regime”: further improvement expected from stronger booster and distributed Raman pump power 100G Field Trials Summary
  • 23.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 23 PM-16QAM Receiver LOIX QX IY QY Aged network fiber 79.2 km IL: 20 - 23 dB 45 C-Band (odd) DFBs 30 L-Band (odd) DFBs 45 C-Band (even) DFBs 30 L-Band (even) DFBs 100G Comb 100G Comb 8 ECL (odd) 8 ECL (even) 64 GS/s DAC 64 GS/s DAC Nyquist shaped 16QAM signals Optical Modulator Optical Modulator C-100G MXP L-100G MXP C-100G MXP L-100G MXP Tunable filter ECL x19 Off-Line DSP for CD, PMD, and Signal Recovery Digital Storage Oscilloscope BPD BPD BPD BPD Pol-Diverse 90 Degree Optical Hybrid Commercial All-Distributed Raman Wide-Band ULH System (61 nm) PM-16QAM Transmitters 100-GHz PM-AWG 90/10 Wide-band Booster C-100G MXP Optional modules (12x GFFs and 5x forward Raman pumps in total) backward Raman pumps WSS Pol. Mux (a) (b) PM-16QAM 400G Tx PM-16QAM 400G Rx All-Raman System Setup for 400G Field Trial
  • 24.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 24 Spectra of PM-16QAM 400G Channels #2#1 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 At transmitter • Eight 400G channels at 100 GHz • Dual-carrier PM-16QAM • 100 GHz between 400G channel • 50 GHz between 200G subcarriers At receiver (1,504 km) • OSNR: 19.5 dB / 0.1 nm -65 -60 -55 -50 -45 -40 1543 1545 1547 1549 1551 1553 1555 1557 1559 Power(dBm) Wavelength (nm) 0.01nm RBW8 x 400G channels – 100GHz spacing (16 x 200G subcarriers – 50GHz spacing) 100G channels 50GHz spacing
  • 25.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 25 • Error-free transmission of eight PM-16QAM 400G channels (spaced 100 GHz apart) over 1,504 km aged SSMF in field – The line system configuration was the one of the 100G field trial  No optimization carried out for 400G trial • Key technical enablers: – All-distributed Raman amplification – High-gain FEC coding • 16QAM signals can be supported by existing carriers’ long-haul fiber networks by reducing OSNR degradation during signal propagation with all-distributed Raman amplification and by increasing FEC coding gain. • In Verizon’s opinion, the trial result may delay carriers’ need to light new pair of fiber to meet the growing traffic demand for several years. 400G Field Trial Summary
  • 26.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 26 Verizon infrastructure representative of end-of-life numbers Results for 1,504 km, 61 nm transmission with high margins • First trial: 100G – 150 x 100G PM-QPSK (50 GHz) on 1,500 km: 15T / 4,500+ km • Second trial: 400G (4 x 100G) – MC 4 x 100G PM-QPSK (33 GHz) on 1,500 km: 20T / 3,000+ km • Third trial: 400G (2 x 200G) – DC PM-16QAM (2 x 200G) • 50 GHz spacing: 30T / 2,000+ km • 37.5 GHz spacing: 40T /1,500+ km • With 100-nm spectrum (as deployed in 2004-2009): – 24T / 4,500+ km – 48T / 2,000+ km – 64T / 1,500+ km Validation Field Trial – Summary
  • 27.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 27 XWDM [Capacity – Reach] Metric 240 x 100G • 100 nm spectrum • PM-QPSK channels • 50 GHz channel spacing • 2 bit/s/Hz spectral efficiency 120 x 400G • 100 nm spectrum • PM-16QAM 200G carriers spaced 50 GHz apart • 4 bit/s/Hz spectral efficiency 160 x 400G • 100 nm spectrum • PM-16QAM 200G carriers spaced 37.5 GHz apart • 5.3 bit/s/Hz spectral efficiency  16QAM on more than 2,000 km of aged fiber (0.28 dB/km)
  • 28.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 28 Submarine Unrepeatered
  • 29.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 29 • Maximizing the reach at 100G – 1 x 100G on 520 km of ULL fiber, with ROPA – 4 x 100G on 523 km of Vascade EX2000 fiber, with ROPA – 1 x 100G on 557 km of Vascade EX2000 fiber, with ROPA • Maximizing the capacity over long unrepeatered distances – 150 x 100G on 334 km of ULL fiber, without ROPA – 150 x 100G on 390 km of ULL fiber, with ROPA – 150 x 100G on 410 km of Vascade EX2000 fiber, with ROPA Recent Unrepeatered 100G Transmission Results
  • 30.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 30 390 km, 150 x 100G Unrepeatered Transmission With ROPA ROPA Forward Raman pumping Backward Raman pumping Direction of transport 273 km ULL fiber 117 km ULL fiber Perchannelpower(dBm) Gain from forward Raman pumping Gain from backward Raman pumping Fiber attenuation 150 wavelengths Gain from ROPA 0 50 100 150 200 250 350 400 Transmission distance (km) 300 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40
  • 31.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 31 390 km, 150 x 100G Unrepeatered Transmission With ROPA ROPA Forward Raman pumping Backward Raman pumping Direction of transport 273 km ULL fiber 117 km ULL fiber -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 1525 1535 1545 1555 1565 1575 1585 1595 Wavelength (nm) Power(dBm) Preamp output spectrum 0.1nm RBW -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 1525 1535 1545 1555 1565 1575 1585 1595 Wavelength (nm) Power(dBm) Booster output spectrum 0.1nm RBW
  • 32.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 32 Submarine Repeatered
  • 33.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 33 Optical Repeater for Subsea Cable Systems Launched at Innovation: Electrical Improved powering enabling Raman amplification. Optical Modular optical design. Spectrum increased by 50%. Mechanical Marine grade titanium. Compact, light and strong. Manufacturability Flexible and simplified manufacturing process. -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 Wavelength (nm) Effectivenoisefigure(dB) -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 Wavelength (nm) Relativegain(dB)
  • 34.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 34 Optical Benefits from Raman in Repeaters • Better noise performance • Lower nonlinearities • Broader spectrum • Optical synthetizer • Active gain tilt controller  Longer repeater spacing  Longer reach  Wider spectrum for higher capacity
  • 35.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 35 Status of Xtera Repeatered Projects • 4 projects: – 1 short – 2 regional – 1 long haul • Deployments: – 1 in 2014 – 2 in 2015
  • 36.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 36 Exploiting Spectral Dimension for Higher Network Capacities
  • 37.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 37 • People have worked incredibly on spectral efficiency since 1989 – 4 x 2.5G in the C-band – 40 x 10G in the C-band – 80 x 10G in the C-band – 93 x 100G in the C-band – …BUT… – The industry still uses only the C band Wireline So Far… Fiberattenuation(dB/km) 1.0 0.8 0.4 0.2 1.2 1.71.61.51.41.3 Optical wavelength (µm) C band Old fibers Modern fibers
  • 38.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 38 Fiberattenuation(dB/km) 0.8 0.4 0.2 1.2 1.71.61.51.41.3 Optical wavelength (µm) Old fibers Modern fibers The Wireline Spectrum Opportunity Band Description Wavelength range O band Original (“1.3 µm window”) 1260 to 1360 nm E band Extended 1360 to 1460 nm S band Short wavelengths 1460 to 1530 nm C band Conventional ("erbium window") 1530 to 1565 nm L band Long wavelengths 1565 to 1625 nm U band Ultra-long wavelengths 1625 to 1675 nm LCSO E U
  • 39.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 39 1. Today: Xtera has the full portfolio for 15 Tbit/s line capacity over ultra- long distances (150 x 100G in 61 nm spectrum). 2. XWDM scenario (within end 2015): – Terrestrial: 100 nm / 64 Tbit/s 3. Improved spectral efficiency to reach 1 Tbit/s per nm 4. Opening 50 nm in the S-band 5. Opening 50 nm in the O-band 6. Finally get to 100 nm for repeatered submarine The result is a unified converged optical network. – 100 Tbit/s for Long Haul and Ultra Long Haul – 50 Tbit/s for Regional (up to approx. 1,000 km) – 50 Tbit/s for Local Notes: We cannot use the E band for already deployed fiber infrastructure Xtera Scenario of the Future
  • 40.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 40 The Future is a Highway with 4 Lanes! 1 lane of 50 nm Regional traffic 1 lane of 50 nm Local traffic 2 lanes of 50 nm Long-haul traffic Expanding line system spectrum for exploiting fiber bandwidth.
  • 41.
    © 2014 XteraCommunications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 41 The “next revolution” will happen but it may take 10 or 15 years and in the meantime… an evolution fueled by Raman technology can cope with 200 Tbit/s per fiber pair. Conclusion Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (1888 – 1970) First Asian scientist to receive the Nobel prize in physics (in 1930)
  • 42.
    Maximizing Network Capacity,Reach and Value Over land, under sea, worldwide © 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 42