The document provides information about oil and gas production in Pennsylvania. It discusses how oil and gas were formed from fossilized organic matter millions of years ago. It then summarizes the earliest oil wells drilled in China in 347 CE and the first commercial well in Titusville, PA in 1859. The rest of the document outlines the responsibilities of the Pennsylvania Bureau of Oil and Gas Management, which regulates and oversees oil and gas development and production to protect natural resources and the environment.

1. Career Day
Dayton Elementary School
Tuesday, April 19, 2011

2. Where does Oil & Gas Come From?
• Oil and Gas are fossil fuels and
are believed to have been
formed during the
Carboniferous Period hundreds
of millions of years ago. The
Earth was covered by swamps
and algae filled oceans. As
things died they sank to the
bottom and accumulated in
layers of peat that became
fossil fuels from years of heat
and pressure.
http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/chapter08.html

3. Early Oil & Gas Wells
• When do you think the
first oil well was
drilled?
• Where was it drilled?
http://explorepahistory.com/kora/files/1/2/1-2-33C-25-ExplorePAHistory-a0b1x4-a_349.jpg

4. First Known Oil Wells
347 CE in China
• 800’ deep using bits attached to
bamboo drilling rods
http://activerain.com/image_store/uploads/6/2/7/6/4/ar125080934746726.jpg
http://activerain.com/image_store/uploads/1/6/9/4/9/ar125080944794961.jpg

5. First Commercial Oil Well
1859 Titusville, PA
• Colonel Edwin Drake
– Pennsylvania Rock Oil
Company
– 69.5’ Deep
– Produced ~ 20bbl per day
(~840 gal)
http://members.tripod.com/edward_weigert/eldrake.jpg
http://media-1.web.britannica.com/eb-media/84/19384-004-01CF4CFE.jpg

6. Bureau of Oil and Gas
Management
The Bureau of Oil and gas Management is responsible for the statewide oil and gas
conservation and environmental programs to facilitate the safe exploration,
development, and recovery of Pennsylvania's oil and gas reservoirs in a manner
that will protect the Commonwealth’s natural resources and the environment. The
bureau develops policy and programs for the regulation of oil and gas development
and production pursuant to the Oil and gas Act, the Coal Resource Coordination
Act, and the Oil and Gas Conservation Law; oversees the oil and gas permitting
and inspection programs; develops statewide regulation and standards; conducts
training programs for industry; and works with the Interstate Oil and gas Compact
Commission and the Technical Advisory Board.

7. Regulations enforced
• Oil and Gas Conservation Law (1961)
• Chapter 79 – Oil and Gas Conservation (1971)
• Chapter 91 – Pollution Prevention (1971)
• Chapter 102 – Erosion Control (1972)
• Dam Safety and Encroachments Act (1978)
• Solid Waste Management Act (1980)
• Chapter 105 – Dam Safety and Waterway Management (1980)
• Coal and Gas Resource Coordination Act (1984)
• Oil and Gas Act (1984)
• Clean Streams Law (1987)
• Chapter 78 – Oil and gas Wells (1987)

8. What we do!
As a Water Quality Specialist in the Bureau
of Oil and Gas Management you are tasked
to perform routine inspections of oil and gas
locations, investigate complaints, provide
notification of violations to operators, take
water samples and enforce all applicable
laws, regulations and acts.

9. Educational Requirements
• Environmental Trainee:
– A Bachelor's Degree with major course work in an
appropriate physical or biological science or an
closely related environmental field.
• Water Quality Specialist:
– Successful completion of the training program for the
Environmental Trainee; or any equivalent combination
of experience and training which affords the applicant
the required knowledges and abilities.

10. My Education
• Bachelors Degree in Marine Biology
– Obtained May 2002
– Florida Institute of Technology

11. My Current Position
• Water Quality Specialist Supervisor
– Eligibility requirements:
• Two years of experience as a Water Quality Specialist;
or
Any equivalent combination of experience and/or training
which affords the applicant the required knowledges and
abilities.

13. Number of wells permitted » drilled
• 2011 – 1,511* » 627** (228 Shallow wells, 399 Marcellus Shale)
• 2010 – 6,581 » 2,851 (1,397 Shallow wells, 1,454 Marcellus Shale)
• 2009 – 6,233 » 2,524 (1,761 Shallow wells, 763 Marcellus Shale)
• 2008 – 7,883 » 4,388 (4,192 Shallow wells, 196 Marcellus Shale)
• 2007 – 7,241 » 4,152
• 2006 – 7,308 » 4,183
• 2005 – 6,042 » 3,654
* As of 4/5/2011
** As of 4/6/2011

14. Marcellus Shale
http://geology.com/articles/marcellus-shale.shtml http://geology.com/articles/marcellus-shale.shtml

15. Siting the well

16. Building a Location

17. Drilling the Well

18. Fracing the Well

19. Restoring the Well Site

20. Producing the Well

21. Well Construction
http://geology.com/articles/mineral-rights/mineral-rights.gif

22. Why do we need to perform
inspections?

23. How close are we to an oil or gas
well right now?

26. Questions?