The document summarizes research on the Monascus genome project and related genetic studies. Key points include:
1) The Monascus genome was sequenced to 8x coverage, revealing various genomic features. A Monacolin K biosynthesis gene cluster was identified containing genes for polyketide synthases and other enzymes.
2) An efficient method for genetic transformation of Monascus pilosus was developed using aurintricarboxylic acid.
3) Disruption of the mokA gene and overexpression of the mokH transcription factor gene resulted in loss of and increased Monacolin K production, respectively.
This document summarizes the sequencing and analysis of the Monascus pilosus genome. Key points include:
- The genome was sequenced using a whole genome shotgun strategy combining EST, BAC/fosmid, and plasmid libraries. The draft assembly resulted in 15.2 Mb arranged in 5 scaffolds.
- A total of 8,887 ESTs were generated and assembled into 4,168 contigs and 2,719 singletons, representing 4,015 tentative unigenes. Highly expressed genes included heat shock proteins and elongation factors.
- Genome analysis identified 9,997 predicted genes, 513 genes undergoing alternative splicing, and gene clusters involved in lovastatin and polyketide biosynthesis. The genome provides
This document discusses the history and development of Korean Red Yeast Rice as a biofermented medicine in Korea. Some key points:
- Korean Red Yeast Rice has been used in traditional Korean medicine since 1610 and has more recently been developed as a biofermented medicine and health food product.
- Several companies in Korea have developed Red Yeast Rice products as cholesterol-lowering foods and biofermented medicines containing certain active compounds.
- Korean regulations now classify Red Yeast Rice and other fermented microbial products as functional raw materials and biofermented medicines.
- Conferences on oriental fermented medicine have discussed Red Yeast Rice and its role as a representative biofermented medicine innov
The document summarizes the targeted disruption of the citrinin synthase gene in Monascus purpureus through Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Key steps include construction of targeting vectors containing homologous regions of the citrinin synthase gene for homologous recombination, transformation of M. purpureus conidia using A. tumefaciens, and selection of transformants using hygromycin resistance. Analysis by PCR, Southern blotting, and two-dimensional electrophoresis confirmed disruption of the citrinin synthase gene.
The document summarizes experiments conducted to isolate and analyze a gene called mrfA involved in aerial hyphae development in Monascus ruber. Key findings include:
1. M. ruber mutants with disrupted mrfA showed abnormal hyphae growth compared to the original strain.
2. TAIL-PCR and other techniques were used to isolate the mrfA gene sequence.
3. A knock-out vector was constructed and transformed into M. ruber, resulting in transformants that exhibited autolytic aerial hyphae.
The document summarizes research on the G protein alpha subunit gene Mga1 in the fungus Monascus ruber. Key findings include:
1) Mga1 was cloned from M. ruber and shown to regulate growth, development and secondary metabolite production.
2) Deletion of Mga1 resulted in reduced growth, defects in hyphal morphology and loss of pigment production.
3) Mga1 deletion mutants showed temperature sensitivity and exogenous cAMP partially restored growth, suggesting Mga1 signals through a cAMP/PKA pathway.
4) Mga1 is required for sexual reproduction in M. ruber.
The document discusses molecular biology research on the fungus Monascus spp. It provides details on:
1) Molecular markers that have been used to classify Monascus spp., including RAPD, D1/D2 regions of LSU rRNA, ITS, IGS, ISSR, and SRAP. These markers revealed genetic diversity and grouped species.
2) Genetic transformation techniques for Monascus spp., such as protoplast transformation, electroporation, bombardment, REMI, and ATMT. Protoplast transformation was successfully used to create mitotically stable transformants of M. aurantiacus and M. purpureus.
3) Cloning of some genes from Mon
The document discusses using a high-antioxidant Monascus strain selected by Taiwan Tobacco & Liquor Corporation to develop new food and beverage products. It describes applying the strain to develop Anka wines, coffees, vinegars, and meat and food products. These applications increased antioxidant levels and improved qualities like taste, texture and shelf life. The strain shows potential for creating high value products with health benefits.
1. 食品所紅麴產業服務平台 Bioresource Collection and Research Center Food Industry Research and Development Institute Dec. 16, 2008 The service plateform of Monascus in FIRDI
6. Morphological characteristics Molecular characteristics Sequences of partial -tubulin gene Colonies: growth rate and morphology on CYA (5 C , 25 C , 37 C ) 、 MEA ( 25 C ) 、 G25N (25 C ) Microscopic structures: anamorph & teleomorph Identify on the species level 紅麴菌種鑑定
16. a. The plasmid pMS-1.5hp was linearized by Fsp I restriction enzyme. b. The Fsp I-linearized pMS-1.5hp was mixed with 1 mM ATA and protoplasts. c. The Fsp I-linearized pMS-1.5hp was mixed with 10 units Fsp I restriction enzyme and protoplasts. d. The Hpa I-linearized pMS-1.5hp was mixed with 10 units Hpa I restriction enzyme and protoplasts. e. Number of transformants per 5 ug linear plasmid. The values were based on three determinations. Efficient transformation using aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) Chen, Y.-P., Chen, I.-C., Hwang, I.-E., Yuan, G.-F., Liaw, L.-L., Tseng, C.-P. (2008). Selection of an effective red-pigment producing Monascus pilosus by efficient transformation with aurintricarboxylic acid. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem .72:3021-3024. 紅麴菌遺傳轉型技術 119 ± 11 48 ± 4 159 ± 24 17 ± 2 M. pilosus e Hpa I (10 units) d Fsp I (10 units) c REMI Treated by ATA (1mM) b Linear plasmid (non-REMI) a Transformation methods Experiment