Jacques Joseph Tissot was a French painter born in 1836 who was influenced by Belgian painter Baron Henri Leys and artists Edgar Degas and James McNeill Whistler. He is known for his paintings depicting elegant women in detailed dresses from the Directoire period in France. In 1871, he moved to London during the Prussian War where he gained entry to social circles and began illustrating scenes from the New Testament over 10 years.
The history of magazines began in the 17th century with the first publication considered a magazine being the German publication Erbauliche Monaths Unterredungen in 1663. Magazines find their roots in other printed materials that emerged with the invention of printing like pamphlets, broadsides, ballads, and almanacs. The name "magazine" comes from the Arabic word for warehouse, referring to the variety of information contained within magazines. Early magazines faced challenges with high production costs and limited distribution capabilities compared to modern times.
The document provides biographical information on German artists George Grosz and Otto Dix who were active during World War 1 and the Weimar Republic period in Germany. Both artists produced politically charged works that critiqued and satirized German militarism, nationalism, and the rise of fascism under the Nazi party. Their art depicted the brutality of war and criticized what they saw as the moral failings and corruption of German society at the time. Both artists were considered to produce "degenerate art" by the Nazis and faced persecution after they came to power in 1933.
The magazine industry in Canada has had a long history dating back to the late 1800s. Over time, many iconic Canadian magazines were founded but faced competition from American publications. This led the government to implement policies supporting the domestic magazine industry. By the 1970s, reforms helped Canadian magazines grow while reducing foreign influence. The industry also saw many technological changes as printing and publishing processes became computerized in the late 20th century.
Magazines have evolved significantly over time in terms of their content, style, and presentation. Early magazines in the 1700s covered a wide variety of topics but had technical limitations in printing and distribution. Over centuries, magazine covers have increasingly featured attractive models and bright colors to draw readers' attention. Publications like Cosmopolitan, GQ, and Seventeen now show more skin and modern fashions compared to their historically more conservative presentations. Meanwhile, magazines like Time and National Geographic have maintained their simple, recognizable styles while improving print quality. Overall, magazines have modernized greatly in visual presentation while expanding their subject coverage.
Charles Dickens was a famous English writer born in 1812. After his father was imprisoned for debt, Dickens had to leave school and work in a factory, which influenced his later work. He went on to become a journalist and began publishing his novels as serials, including Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol, and Hard Times. Hard Times is a critique of industrial society and the dehumanizing effects of pursuing only material gain and efficiency at the expense of human qualities. It uses the fictional town of Coketown as a symbolic representation of the economic and spiritual poverty of the working classes of northern England during the Industrial Revolution.
The everyday reality behind the iron curtainCARARE
The document examines over 2,000 images from Lithuanian archaeological surveys between 1949-1967 to understand everyday life. It describes the difficult conditions faced by archaeologists during the Soviet occupation, including a lack of tools, equipment and funding. The images show how archaeologists improvised and collaborated with local communities, facing challenges like damaged sites but also finding benefits like fresh vegetables grown on excavation plots. The conclusions are that the images provide valuable insights while more remains to be uncovered about everyday realities during this period.
Jacques Joseph Tissot was a French painter born in 1836 who was influenced by Belgian painter Baron Henri Leys and artists Edgar Degas and James McNeill Whistler. He is known for his paintings depicting elegant women in detailed dresses from the Directoire period in France. In 1871, he moved to London during the Prussian War where he gained entry to social circles and began illustrating scenes from the New Testament over 10 years.
The history of magazines began in the 17th century with the first publication considered a magazine being the German publication Erbauliche Monaths Unterredungen in 1663. Magazines find their roots in other printed materials that emerged with the invention of printing like pamphlets, broadsides, ballads, and almanacs. The name "magazine" comes from the Arabic word for warehouse, referring to the variety of information contained within magazines. Early magazines faced challenges with high production costs and limited distribution capabilities compared to modern times.
The document provides biographical information on German artists George Grosz and Otto Dix who were active during World War 1 and the Weimar Republic period in Germany. Both artists produced politically charged works that critiqued and satirized German militarism, nationalism, and the rise of fascism under the Nazi party. Their art depicted the brutality of war and criticized what they saw as the moral failings and corruption of German society at the time. Both artists were considered to produce "degenerate art" by the Nazis and faced persecution after they came to power in 1933.
The magazine industry in Canada has had a long history dating back to the late 1800s. Over time, many iconic Canadian magazines were founded but faced competition from American publications. This led the government to implement policies supporting the domestic magazine industry. By the 1970s, reforms helped Canadian magazines grow while reducing foreign influence. The industry also saw many technological changes as printing and publishing processes became computerized in the late 20th century.
Magazines have evolved significantly over time in terms of their content, style, and presentation. Early magazines in the 1700s covered a wide variety of topics but had technical limitations in printing and distribution. Over centuries, magazine covers have increasingly featured attractive models and bright colors to draw readers' attention. Publications like Cosmopolitan, GQ, and Seventeen now show more skin and modern fashions compared to their historically more conservative presentations. Meanwhile, magazines like Time and National Geographic have maintained their simple, recognizable styles while improving print quality. Overall, magazines have modernized greatly in visual presentation while expanding their subject coverage.
Charles Dickens was a famous English writer born in 1812. After his father was imprisoned for debt, Dickens had to leave school and work in a factory, which influenced his later work. He went on to become a journalist and began publishing his novels as serials, including Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol, and Hard Times. Hard Times is a critique of industrial society and the dehumanizing effects of pursuing only material gain and efficiency at the expense of human qualities. It uses the fictional town of Coketown as a symbolic representation of the economic and spiritual poverty of the working classes of northern England during the Industrial Revolution.
The everyday reality behind the iron curtainCARARE
The document examines over 2,000 images from Lithuanian archaeological surveys between 1949-1967 to understand everyday life. It describes the difficult conditions faced by archaeologists during the Soviet occupation, including a lack of tools, equipment and funding. The images show how archaeologists improvised and collaborated with local communities, facing challenges like damaged sites but also finding benefits like fresh vegetables grown on excavation plots. The conclusions are that the images provide valuable insights while more remains to be uncovered about everyday realities during this period.
Magazines have existed since the late 16th century, starting as fashion publications and expanding to general interest topics over time. Major developments include the first modern general interest magazine in 1731, advances in printing technologies like lithography in the 19th century enabling higher quality images, and the emergence of specialized magazines in various genres in the 20th century. Modern magazines also benefited from innovations like halftone printing in the 1870s and cheaper wood pulp paper in the late 19th century, allowing for mass publication.
The history of magazines began in the 17th century with the first published magazines intended for intellectual audiences. The first modern magazine was published in 1672 in France. The word "magazine" comes from the Arabic word for warehouse. In the 19th century, magazines became more affordable and accessible to the middle class through the introduction of advertisements. Iconic publishers like William Randolph Hearst and Henry Luce launched influential magazines in the 20th century that expanded genres. While some predicted the decline of print magazines, they remain popular for audiences without internet access.
Hist a425 october 1917 and the civil warejdennison
The October Revolution of 1917 brought the Bolsheviks to power in a relatively bloodless coup, establishing a new Bolshevik regime led by Lenin and Trotsky. However, establishing socialist rule proved immensely challenging during the ensuing Russian Civil War. The Bolsheviks had to improvise policies of "War Communism" to industrialize rapidly and feed cities while fighting the Whites, foreign invaders, and rebellious peasants. By 1921, urban areas had largely collapsed and millions had died, leaving a new Soviet state and society amid the ruins of war.
This document provides a biography of Philip Grinker in 3 sentences. It summarizes that Philip Grinker was born in 1917 in South Africa to a Jewish family that immigrated from Latvia. During his lifetime he witnessed many major historical events like the Russian Revolution and World Wars. The biography follows Philip's life from childhood in South Africa through career, marriage, raising a family and into his later years living in the UK surrounded by grandchildren.
The minutes from the July 27, 1917 LSO Board meeting note that 34 LSO members were serving in the military, including the leader W.H. Reed and half of the violin section. It was resolved that musicians serving would be excused from paying fees to deputies filling in for them. However, one violinist, Robert Carrodus, was later spotted performing at the Savoy Theatre while supposedly on military duty. The board decided to revoke the fee waiver in response.
Francis Ledwidge was an Irish poet born in 1887 who came from a poor background. He was active in Irish nationalist organizations and began writing poetry, gaining the patronage of Lord Dunsany. Ledwidge joined the British Army during World War 1 and served in Gallipoli, Serbia, and France. He was killed at the Battle of Passchendaele in 1917. Today his birthplace is preserved as a museum, and an annual poetry competition is held in his memory by the Louth-Meath Education and Training Board.
The document traces the history of magazines from their origins in the 17th century to the present day. It discusses how the first magazines were published in Germany and France for intellectual audiences. The costs of printing magazines were initially very high until technological advances like the rotary press reduced costs. In the 20th century, iconic publishers like Hearst and Luce launched many famous magazines that established genres like news, business, and women's magazines. Magazines transitioned to full color printing and adopted new formats for younger audiences in response to changing times.
The document summarizes how World War 1 unfolded in 1914. It began with Germany launching an invasion of Belgium and France in accordance with the Schlieffen Plan. By early September 1914, German forces had advanced to within 40 miles of Paris but were stopped at the First Battle of the Marne. This resulted in a stalemate as both sides dug in, establishing trench warfare on the Western Front. In the East, Germany defeated Russia at the Battles of Tannenberg and the Masurian Lakes in August-September. By the end of 1914, the war had expanded with the entry of the Ottoman Empire and fighting had spread to colonies, though there was a spontaneous Christmas truce between opposing troops in some areas.
The document discusses the history of magazines and posters. It details some of the earliest magazines starting in 1663, including the first magazine designed for a female audience in 1693. The term 'magazine' originated from the Arabic word for warehouse. The popularity of magazines led to the establishment of the first advertising agency in 1890. Posters first emerged as a mass-produced medium in 1870 through advances in lithography. During World Wars I and II, posters were heavily used for recruitment and morale purposes. In the 1990s, photographs replaced illustrations as the dominant design style for movie posters.
Mary Cassatt was born in 1844 in Pennsylvania to a wealthy businessman father and mother who enjoyed the arts. She had two older brothers, one who died young, and an older sister. When she was young, Cassatt's family moved frequently between Europe and the United States, living in Paris and Germany from ages 7 to 9 before returning to America. Cassatt would go on to become a famous American painter known for her paintings of mothers and children.
Braveheart notes in relation to higher paper.Nicholas Green
This document provides a detailed analysis and summary of the representations in the film Braveheart, including representations of Scotland, heroes and villains, and women. Regarding Scotland, the film depicts rural Scotland as the true Scotland, divided along class lines between Wallace's common people and the nobles who were more similar to the English. The heroes like Wallace are shown as brave, loyal and protecting family, while the villains like Edward I are cruel, violent and lack loyalty. Women are initially depicted as victims but also show strength, with Murrin and the Princess merging to provide a love interest for Wallace and help him achieve victory against the English.
The document summarizes key aspects of World War 1 including the use of new weapons and technologies, major battles on the Western and other fronts, countries that joined the war, and casualties. It provides images related to trench warfare, new machines of war like tanks and airplanes, soldiers from various countries and colonies, and art inspired by the war. In the end, it lists the enormous death toll and outlines the Armenian genocide committed by the Ottoman Empire.
Magazines have been in existence since 1663, originating from Arabic words meaning "warehouse". Early magazines appealed primarily to intellectual elites but over time expanded their audiences. Technological advances like the rotary press allowed mass printing and distribution of magazines in the late 19th century, making advertising a more common feature. Influential publishers like William Randolph Hearst and Henry Luce launched famous magazines in the 20th century. While competition was fierce as the magazine industry grew, print magazines remain influential and popular despite the rise of digital media.
Magazines have been in existence since 1663, originating from Arabic words meaning "warehouse". Early magazines appealed primarily to intellectual elites but over time expanded their audiences. Production of magazines was difficult in early years due to high printing costs and limited distribution capabilities. Throughout the 19th century, technological advances increased print runs while the introduction of advertising made magazines more financially sustainable. Famous publishers like William Randolph Hearst and Helene Gordon Lazareff launched influential magazines in the 20th century that helped shape culture, though competition remained intense. While digital media now competes with print, magazines continue to influence lives and are not expected to disappear from the market.
Solomon Marcovici was one of Delia Marc's grandfathers' older brothers. In 1904, he boarded a ship in Constanta, Romania and traveled around the world, eventually ending up in the United States. In 1913, he joined the U.S. Army and became a Major Sergeant stationed in the Philippines. Sadly, Solomon was killed in the line of duty in 1918 while serving in France during World War I. He was buried at the Romagne-Verdun American Cemetery in France and posthumously promoted to the rank of Captain before being returned to Romania for burial in the Filantropia Jewish Cemetery in Bucharest in the heroes section for his sacrifice in WWI.
The "Young Italy" and the English experience masterGabriella Pecora
Giuseppe Mazzini first arrived in London at the age of 31 by sea with his brothers and friend. He stayed at the Sabon Hotel in Leicester Square and spent time in Soho with other political refugees like Karl Marx. From 1838 to 1849, Mazzini lived at 9 George Street, now known as 183/7 North Gower Street, where there is now a commemorative plaque. While in London, Mazzini founded schools for Italian children, organized the Young Europe International League of Peoples club, and worked to promote the unity of Europe, though he was eventually expelled from England in 1863 and 1871.
William Morris was an English artist, designer, poet, writer, and political activist. He was a founding father of the Arts and Crafts Movement. Some of his most notable works include The Defence of Guinevere, and other Poems, News from Nowhere or An Epoch of Rest, and The Well at the World's End. As a designer, he helped develop decorative arts like the Golden, Troy, and Chaucer typefaces. He believed in an aesthetic philosophy that valued beauty, utility, harmony, and craftsmanship.
Julius Mordecai Pincas, known as Pascin or Jules Pascin, was a Bulgarian-born painter who lived from 1885 to 1930. He was born in Vidin, Bulgaria to a Spanish-Sephardic Jewish father and a Serbian-Italian mother. Pascin spent most of his life in France, though he studied in Vienna and Munich as a young student and lived in the United States during World War 1. He married fellow painter Hermine David and produced numerous portraits of her as well as other paintings of nudes, figures, and Cuban and New Orleans scenes.
The ACCORD Project: Cara Jones (Archaeology Scotland)RCAHMW
The ACCORD project aims to co-produce 3D digital models of heritage sites in Scotland with local communities. The project is investigating how digital technologies like photogrammetry and 3D printing can transform communities' relationships with heritage sites by giving them more ownership over digital records and representations of sites. The project is working with several communities across Scotland to create 3D digital records of sites like cup-marked stones, historic cemeteries, and archaeological landscapes using consumer-level technology. Preliminary feedback suggests these activities have increased engagement with sites and allowed new interpretations. The digital records are shared openly online for others to experience and study.
Cynefin - Mapping Wales’ sense of Place: Einion GriffithsRCAHMW
This document is a website about the Cynefin framework. Cynefin is a sense-making tool used to categorize problems and situations. It describes domains of order, disorder, chaos, and complexity and can help people understand different contexts and choose the right approach. The website provides information about Cynefin and how it can be applied.
Magazines have existed since the late 16th century, starting as fashion publications and expanding to general interest topics over time. Major developments include the first modern general interest magazine in 1731, advances in printing technologies like lithography in the 19th century enabling higher quality images, and the emergence of specialized magazines in various genres in the 20th century. Modern magazines also benefited from innovations like halftone printing in the 1870s and cheaper wood pulp paper in the late 19th century, allowing for mass publication.
The history of magazines began in the 17th century with the first published magazines intended for intellectual audiences. The first modern magazine was published in 1672 in France. The word "magazine" comes from the Arabic word for warehouse. In the 19th century, magazines became more affordable and accessible to the middle class through the introduction of advertisements. Iconic publishers like William Randolph Hearst and Henry Luce launched influential magazines in the 20th century that expanded genres. While some predicted the decline of print magazines, they remain popular for audiences without internet access.
Hist a425 october 1917 and the civil warejdennison
The October Revolution of 1917 brought the Bolsheviks to power in a relatively bloodless coup, establishing a new Bolshevik regime led by Lenin and Trotsky. However, establishing socialist rule proved immensely challenging during the ensuing Russian Civil War. The Bolsheviks had to improvise policies of "War Communism" to industrialize rapidly and feed cities while fighting the Whites, foreign invaders, and rebellious peasants. By 1921, urban areas had largely collapsed and millions had died, leaving a new Soviet state and society amid the ruins of war.
This document provides a biography of Philip Grinker in 3 sentences. It summarizes that Philip Grinker was born in 1917 in South Africa to a Jewish family that immigrated from Latvia. During his lifetime he witnessed many major historical events like the Russian Revolution and World Wars. The biography follows Philip's life from childhood in South Africa through career, marriage, raising a family and into his later years living in the UK surrounded by grandchildren.
The minutes from the July 27, 1917 LSO Board meeting note that 34 LSO members were serving in the military, including the leader W.H. Reed and half of the violin section. It was resolved that musicians serving would be excused from paying fees to deputies filling in for them. However, one violinist, Robert Carrodus, was later spotted performing at the Savoy Theatre while supposedly on military duty. The board decided to revoke the fee waiver in response.
Francis Ledwidge was an Irish poet born in 1887 who came from a poor background. He was active in Irish nationalist organizations and began writing poetry, gaining the patronage of Lord Dunsany. Ledwidge joined the British Army during World War 1 and served in Gallipoli, Serbia, and France. He was killed at the Battle of Passchendaele in 1917. Today his birthplace is preserved as a museum, and an annual poetry competition is held in his memory by the Louth-Meath Education and Training Board.
The document traces the history of magazines from their origins in the 17th century to the present day. It discusses how the first magazines were published in Germany and France for intellectual audiences. The costs of printing magazines were initially very high until technological advances like the rotary press reduced costs. In the 20th century, iconic publishers like Hearst and Luce launched many famous magazines that established genres like news, business, and women's magazines. Magazines transitioned to full color printing and adopted new formats for younger audiences in response to changing times.
The document summarizes how World War 1 unfolded in 1914. It began with Germany launching an invasion of Belgium and France in accordance with the Schlieffen Plan. By early September 1914, German forces had advanced to within 40 miles of Paris but were stopped at the First Battle of the Marne. This resulted in a stalemate as both sides dug in, establishing trench warfare on the Western Front. In the East, Germany defeated Russia at the Battles of Tannenberg and the Masurian Lakes in August-September. By the end of 1914, the war had expanded with the entry of the Ottoman Empire and fighting had spread to colonies, though there was a spontaneous Christmas truce between opposing troops in some areas.
The document discusses the history of magazines and posters. It details some of the earliest magazines starting in 1663, including the first magazine designed for a female audience in 1693. The term 'magazine' originated from the Arabic word for warehouse. The popularity of magazines led to the establishment of the first advertising agency in 1890. Posters first emerged as a mass-produced medium in 1870 through advances in lithography. During World Wars I and II, posters were heavily used for recruitment and morale purposes. In the 1990s, photographs replaced illustrations as the dominant design style for movie posters.
Mary Cassatt was born in 1844 in Pennsylvania to a wealthy businessman father and mother who enjoyed the arts. She had two older brothers, one who died young, and an older sister. When she was young, Cassatt's family moved frequently between Europe and the United States, living in Paris and Germany from ages 7 to 9 before returning to America. Cassatt would go on to become a famous American painter known for her paintings of mothers and children.
Braveheart notes in relation to higher paper.Nicholas Green
This document provides a detailed analysis and summary of the representations in the film Braveheart, including representations of Scotland, heroes and villains, and women. Regarding Scotland, the film depicts rural Scotland as the true Scotland, divided along class lines between Wallace's common people and the nobles who were more similar to the English. The heroes like Wallace are shown as brave, loyal and protecting family, while the villains like Edward I are cruel, violent and lack loyalty. Women are initially depicted as victims but also show strength, with Murrin and the Princess merging to provide a love interest for Wallace and help him achieve victory against the English.
The document summarizes key aspects of World War 1 including the use of new weapons and technologies, major battles on the Western and other fronts, countries that joined the war, and casualties. It provides images related to trench warfare, new machines of war like tanks and airplanes, soldiers from various countries and colonies, and art inspired by the war. In the end, it lists the enormous death toll and outlines the Armenian genocide committed by the Ottoman Empire.
Magazines have been in existence since 1663, originating from Arabic words meaning "warehouse". Early magazines appealed primarily to intellectual elites but over time expanded their audiences. Technological advances like the rotary press allowed mass printing and distribution of magazines in the late 19th century, making advertising a more common feature. Influential publishers like William Randolph Hearst and Henry Luce launched famous magazines in the 20th century. While competition was fierce as the magazine industry grew, print magazines remain influential and popular despite the rise of digital media.
Magazines have been in existence since 1663, originating from Arabic words meaning "warehouse". Early magazines appealed primarily to intellectual elites but over time expanded their audiences. Production of magazines was difficult in early years due to high printing costs and limited distribution capabilities. Throughout the 19th century, technological advances increased print runs while the introduction of advertising made magazines more financially sustainable. Famous publishers like William Randolph Hearst and Helene Gordon Lazareff launched influential magazines in the 20th century that helped shape culture, though competition remained intense. While digital media now competes with print, magazines continue to influence lives and are not expected to disappear from the market.
Solomon Marcovici was one of Delia Marc's grandfathers' older brothers. In 1904, he boarded a ship in Constanta, Romania and traveled around the world, eventually ending up in the United States. In 1913, he joined the U.S. Army and became a Major Sergeant stationed in the Philippines. Sadly, Solomon was killed in the line of duty in 1918 while serving in France during World War I. He was buried at the Romagne-Verdun American Cemetery in France and posthumously promoted to the rank of Captain before being returned to Romania for burial in the Filantropia Jewish Cemetery in Bucharest in the heroes section for his sacrifice in WWI.
The "Young Italy" and the English experience masterGabriella Pecora
Giuseppe Mazzini first arrived in London at the age of 31 by sea with his brothers and friend. He stayed at the Sabon Hotel in Leicester Square and spent time in Soho with other political refugees like Karl Marx. From 1838 to 1849, Mazzini lived at 9 George Street, now known as 183/7 North Gower Street, where there is now a commemorative plaque. While in London, Mazzini founded schools for Italian children, organized the Young Europe International League of Peoples club, and worked to promote the unity of Europe, though he was eventually expelled from England in 1863 and 1871.
William Morris was an English artist, designer, poet, writer, and political activist. He was a founding father of the Arts and Crafts Movement. Some of his most notable works include The Defence of Guinevere, and other Poems, News from Nowhere or An Epoch of Rest, and The Well at the World's End. As a designer, he helped develop decorative arts like the Golden, Troy, and Chaucer typefaces. He believed in an aesthetic philosophy that valued beauty, utility, harmony, and craftsmanship.
Julius Mordecai Pincas, known as Pascin or Jules Pascin, was a Bulgarian-born painter who lived from 1885 to 1930. He was born in Vidin, Bulgaria to a Spanish-Sephardic Jewish father and a Serbian-Italian mother. Pascin spent most of his life in France, though he studied in Vienna and Munich as a young student and lived in the United States during World War 1. He married fellow painter Hermine David and produced numerous portraits of her as well as other paintings of nudes, figures, and Cuban and New Orleans scenes.
The ACCORD Project: Cara Jones (Archaeology Scotland)RCAHMW
The ACCORD project aims to co-produce 3D digital models of heritage sites in Scotland with local communities. The project is investigating how digital technologies like photogrammetry and 3D printing can transform communities' relationships with heritage sites by giving them more ownership over digital records and representations of sites. The project is working with several communities across Scotland to create 3D digital records of sites like cup-marked stones, historic cemeteries, and archaeological landscapes using consumer-level technology. Preliminary feedback suggests these activities have increased engagement with sites and allowed new interpretations. The digital records are shared openly online for others to experience and study.
Cynefin - Mapping Wales’ sense of Place: Einion GriffithsRCAHMW
This document is a website about the Cynefin framework. Cynefin is a sense-making tool used to categorize problems and situations. It describes domains of order, disorder, chaos, and complexity and can help people understand different contexts and choose the right approach. The website provides information about Cynefin and how it can be applied.
This document discusses how providing access to cultural heritage and opportunities for public involvement can help conserve historic sites so future generations can understand and enjoy their heritage. It notes that while some may lack internet access or interest, cultural organizations should work to move people from simply accessing content to understanding what they can do with it, such as getting involved through learning and participation activities. This involves bringing together subject experts, web teams, and the public to collaboratively produce the best online content.
Heritage together - A Web Community for Digitising Cultural Heritage Assets: ...RCAHMW
This document discusses a project called HeritageTogether that aims to create 3D models of megalithic monuments in Wales using crowdsourced photos from the public. The project addresses challenges facing archaeologists in thoroughly surveying over 2,500 sites due to limited time and resources. Through the HeritageTogether website, members of the public can upload photos of sites which are then processed into 3D models using photogrammetry and structure-from-motion techniques. The models are made available online and the project engages both the public and academics to record and analyze cultural heritage assets through digital means.
This document provides an overview of creating gigapixel imagery through stitching together hundreds of digital photographs. It discusses the hardware, software, and processes needed to capture high-resolution panoramic images and create interactive virtual tours. Key aspects covered include using robotic camera mounts to automatically capture images, choosing camera settings, stitching photos together using software, and customizing virtual tours with hotspots and embedded content. The end result is very large digital images and interactive online experiences that allow viewers to explore panoramic scenes in detail.
Building Stones: Elliot Carter (Earth Heritage Trust)RCAHMW
1. The project aims to rediscover local stone quarries in Herefordshire and Worcestershire that were used for building, research the people and techniques involved, and create a database connecting individual buildings to their stone sources.
2. Case studies describe challenges in determining the stone sources for individual buildings, such as Worcester Bridge, due to limited documentation and obscured original stone. Volunteer research into historical records has provided new information on quarrying.
3. Successes include dedicated work from volunteers that has uncovered previously unknown details, but open-ended research nature presents challenges in directing efforts and ensuring standardized results. A new database website is being developed to showcase the collected data.
The cartoon, drawn by Australian artist Will Dyson and published in the Daily Herald on May 17, 1919, depicts the "Big Four" leaders leaving a building believing their work on the Treaty is finished, while Clemenceau hears a baby crying labeled the "1940 class", suggesting the Treaty will not prevent another war in 20 years' time and the baby will be cannon fodder. The naked baby throws the "Peace Treaty" on the floor, showing the Treaty is useless and will not prevent further war as intended.
Coastal Heritage At Risk - Combining Digital Technologies with Community Acti...RCAHMW
The document discusses combining digital technologies with community action to record and protect coastal heritage sites at risk in Scotland. It describes the Scotland's Coastal Heritage at Risk Project (SCHARP), which has recorded over 12,500 coastal sites and engaged hundreds of volunteers in surveys and other activities. One of SCHARP's projects used 3D scanning and photogrammetry to create a detailed virtual model of the Wemyss Caves and their carvings, involving local community members throughout. The project aims to preserve a record of the caves and increase access and understanding, serving as an example of how digital tools and community participation can better document and safeguard important archaeological sites.
Britain from Above: Angharad Williams (BfA/RCAHMW)RCAHMW
The document outlines the key aims and activities of the Britain from Above project, which digitized and provided online access to 95,000 aerial photographs from the Aerofilms collection from 1919-1953. The project goals were to preserve the collection, provide free public access online, engage volunteers, and hold exhibitions. An evaluation found heavy website use and a growing international audience. Outreach activities like exhibitions were successful in diversifying the audience. Plans aim to maintain the digital archive and website going forward.
Engage audiences and create collections by crowdsourcing community collection...RCAHMW
1) Dr. Ylva Berglund Prytz of RunCoCo at the University of Oxford discusses engaging audiences and creating collections through crowdsourcing community contributions.
2) RunCoCo has been running community collection projects since 2008 in many European countries to involve local communities in digitizing cultural heritage materials.
3) Examples of past successful projects include crowdsourcing collections about the First World War, teaching Old English, and recreating the 1989 Baltic Way human chain.
The Archwilio App: Marion Page (The Dyfed Archaeological Trust) RCAHMW
The document discusses the Archwilio mobile application which provides access to Welsh Historic Environment Records online at www.archwilio.org.uk. The application allows users to access images related to Welsh historic records from mobile devices.
More than hype – understanding heritage in 3D: Nick Poole (The Collections T...RCAHMW
The document discusses how 3D technologies can be used to enhance understanding and experiences of cultural heritage. It provides examples of 3D scanning and printing being used for conservation, research, accessibility, management of collections, and commercial opportunities like reproductions. While the technologies provide opportunities, challenges include integration, digital preservation, and ensuring the focus remains on content over the medium. Overall, 3D methods are becoming more established and can enrich both management of heritage and visitor experiences when the right format is chosen for the intended audience.
Inventory 1964-2014: Crowdsourcing the National Monuments Record: Jamie Davie...RCAHMW
The document summarizes an inventory crowdsourcing project on the Llŷn Peninsula from 1964-2014. It describes how a website was created to digitize an old inventory of archaeological sites, allowing people to contribute photos and updates. Over 200 new contributions were added, providing updated information. However, there were also issues like low digital volunteer participation and spam comments. The data is now being processed to integrate it with other heritage databases.
Don’t dumb it down, historical accuracy is fun: Discussing the Europa Barbaro...RCAHMW
The document discusses the Europa Barbarorum mod project for the Total War strategy game series and its focus on historical accuracy. It provides details on features of Europa Barbarorum and Europa Barbarorum II like reconstructed languages, historically accurate units and victory conditions, and culturally specific structures. A survey found that most fans reported an increased interest in history from playing and appreciated its open development. The modding community values making games more immersive and faithful to the past.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Augmented reality and the Parthenon sculptures: Juno Rae & Lizzie Edwards (Th...RCAHMW
The document describes an augmented reality program called "A Gift for Athena" used at the British Museum. Students use Samsung tablets to explore the Parthenon gallery and complete challenges about the sculptures. Teachers provided positive feedback, noting that the tablets kept students engaged and motivated as they accessed the learning independently. Some challenges included light levels impacting the devices and changes to exhibit layouts. The program aims to provide free learning sessions for schools using Samsung digital equipment at the museum.
3D printing for Heritage: Nikolaos Maniatis (Museofabber)RCAHMW
This document discusses the use of 3D printing in museums and cultural heritage applications. It references several specific projects including 3D scanning and printing of artifacts from the Usher Gallery in Lincoln and the British Museum's efforts to engage younger virtual audiences. The document also briefly mentions the potential for 3D printing to create a new publishing industry for museum objects and references projects undertaken by the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam and the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Remembrance and memorials: constructing cultural memoryHannakf
Warhorse or Regeneration? Birdsong or Blackadder? How have novels and films contributed to the construction – or reconstruction – of national memory? Focusing on the gap between the experience of war and its memorialisation, this workshop will exemplify ways in which the classroom can develop critical reading skills and awareness of key cultural concepts.
This document provides an overview of photojournalism including its history, ethical issues, and perspective from Nigeria. It discusses how photojournalism evolved from the 1850s with early photographers documenting wars, to the 1880s when halftone printing allowed photographs to be published in newspapers. It also explores ethical issues like using graphic images, manipulating photos, and invading privacy. The document notes challenges facing photojournalism in Nigeria like financial pressures potentially compromising integrity and risks to journalists' safety.
This document discusses how artists depicted the truth and horrors of World War I through their art. It provides examples of paintings, drawings, and sculptures that aimed to realistically portray experiences of soldiers like life in the trenches, gas attacks, and treating wounded veterans. The art sought to convey the bitter reality of war to those on the home front. It also examines how postwar German artists like Otto Dix and George Grosz used a style called Neue Sachlichkeit to critically depict the devastation caused by the war through disturbing, graphic images.
Königshütte KindergartenAt the Borsig worksUpp.docxcroysierkathey
Königshütte Kindergarten
At the Borsig works
Upper Silesia
German Emigration
The Dresden Daily 18.2.1906
Postcard
(c1900-1910)
*
Annual overseas emigration 1871-1914 (1000s)
*
1880-1893 Third and (in absolute numbers) largest wave
1881, 1882 Peak years: 4-5% of population leave
Vast majority to U.S. , some to Brazil, Canada, Argentina, Chile
1890 Germans 1/3rd foreign-born U.S. population
1893- Steep decline in overseas emigration
(Depression in U.S. ,boom in Germany )
Annual Overseas Emigration 1871-1914
*
Origin and Causes
Ag. N-E provinces disproportionately affected
Land inheritance (eldest son), Emigration an option for the others
For rural wage labourers …
1870s- Ag. ec. crisis, & modernization. (seasonalization, mechanization)
Attraction of self-sufficiency in U.S.
Planned route: German agriculture. -> U.S urban work -> U.S. Farm
But increasingly German agriculture. -> U.S. urban life.
*
Emigrationist Colonialism
Idea of the ‘unbounded German nation’ (Sauer, 2007).
Germans could be Germans away from new German nation state
The nation as ‘imagined community’ centred on culture
Breaking in and farming the soil of ‘new territory’ the core ‘national’ economic task
Colonialist also because displacement of indigenous peoples taken for granted, seen as a natural effect of necessary German expansion.
A refutation of state-based nationalism & core duty - military service
Bismarck (1884) ‘A German who jettisons his Fatherland like an old coat, to me is no longer a German’
Hamburg and Bremen – regulating departure
1867 Weekly Bremen- NY 1871 Norddeutscher Lloyd 20 steamers (NY, Baltimore, Galveston, New Orleans). 1881 9 day crossings.
1880-1893: 100,000 p.a. Hamburg and Bremen
1892 Hamburg Cholera, blamed on Russian migrants, temporary closure of border
1894 Companies & ticket agencies broker deal with Govt. Separate carriages and trains, separation at ports, medical checks at border, at Ruhleben & ports, 4% rejected at European checkpoints (1% NY)
1893- as German emigration peters out, large-scale East European emigration begins, Missler agencies across C. and E. Europe
Numbers fluctuate 1893-1914, but high after 1900 230,000+ through ports in 1907 and 1913
Quarantine Village on the Veddel
Mary Antin, traveling in 1894. From Hoerder, ‘Traffic’
On the following day, the 22nd [of August 1895] ..[t[owards half past twelve our steamer anchored in Queenstown harbour on the Irish coast to take on board new passengers. Long before we had reached the harbour however, several small boats approached our steamer propelled by powerful oar-strokes and in no time had fastened themselves to the ship’s sides. Nimble boys climbed on board and secured rope ladders, and in a matter of moments a dozen Irish pedlar-women (Händlerinnen) were on board hawking all manner of things to the passengers. You can bet that a lot of us – still so far from land – were fai ...
The document provides an overview of World War 1, including its causes such as militarism, alliances, and nationalism. It describes the major players and fronts of the war, from the trenches of the Western Front to the use of new technologies like tanks and airplanes. The war took a massive human toll, with over 9 million soldiers and civilians dead by its end through battle, disease, and genocide.
The document provides an overview of World War 1, including its causes such as militarism, alliances, and nationalism. It describes the major players and fronts of the war, from the trenches of the Western Front to the use of new technologies like tanks and airplanes. The war ended with massive casualties totaling over 9 million deaths and the signing of the Armistice on November 11, 1918.
The document provides an overview of World War 1, including its causes such as militarism, alliances, and nationalism. It describes the major players and fronts of the war, from the trenches of the Western Front to the use of new technologies like tanks and airplanes. The war ended with massive casualties totaling over 9 million deaths and the signing of the Armistice on November 11, 1918.
The document provides an overview of World War 1, including its causes, key events, military technology, and aftermath. Some of the major causes that led to the war included the system of alliances that drew countries in, militarism and arms races between European powers, imperialism and colonial rivalries, and rising nationalism. The war was a bloody stalemate for many years on the Western Front, with new technologies like tanks and airplanes. It ended in 1918 with Allied victories aided by American troops. The Treaty of Versailles imposed punitive terms on Germany and redrew borders in Europe and the Middle East, sowing seeds for future conflicts.
Reginald Bateman, the Great War, and the University of SaskatchewanPeter Robinson
1) Reginald John Godfrey Bateman was born in 1883 in England and served as a private in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during World War 1.
2) He saw action at various battles such as Ypres, the Somme, and Passchendaele.
3) Bateman was killed in action on September 3rd, 1918 near Dury, France when a large shell exploded directly above him.
The document discusses the long term causes and start of World War 1. It describes the rise in nationalism, militarism, imperialism, and alliance systems in Europe in the late 19th/early 20th century that increased tensions between countries. It then details the specific series of events in 1914 that triggered the war, including the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and Austria-Hungary's subsequent demands to Serbia, setting off a chain reaction of countries honoring their alliance commitments that led to the outbreak of a general European war.
Tales of the Unexpected in the British Newspaper Archive by Ed King. Presentation given at the Europeana Newspapers Information Day, held at the British Library on 9 June 2014.
1. The document discusses several British poets who wrote about their experiences in World War 1, known as the "Trench Poets". It profiles Isaac Rosenberg, Wilfred Owen, and Siegfried Sassoon, detailing their lives and analyzing some of their famous poems including "Break of Day in the Trenches" by Rosenberg and "Strange Meeting" by Owen.
2. It also discusses the lasting impact and legacy of World War 1, how it changed perspectives and led writers to develop new forms of expression to convey the unprecedented horror and disillusionment of the war.
3. The Trench Poets broke conventions with passionate, disturbing verse that sought to accurately portray the realities of trench
This document provides an overview of World War 1 and some of its aftermath. It outlines the major alliances between European powers in 1914 that led to the outbreak of war. It then details some of the major battles and developments on the Western Front, as well as involvement of countries like the US, Britain's colonies, and the Ottoman Empire. The document concludes by discussing the 1918 flu pandemic, end of the war in 1918, postwar peace negotiations and territorial changes, and some social unrest in the US during the 1919-1920 period.
This document contains analyses of four paintings from World War 1. It summarizes each painting and explains why the student chose it. The first painting by John Nash depicts soldiers in a snowy trench under attack. The second by Felix Vallotton shows enemies attacking at night in the trenches. The third by William Roberts portrays the horror of a German gas attack in vivid colors. The fourth by John Lavery is a somber scene of a cemetery in Etaples where soldiers were buried after the war.
Slide show to accompany the presentation of "The Tragic Life and Death of Johnny S. Black" by historian Richard O Jones, June 9, 2016 at Miami University Hamilton downtown. For audio, please visit www.heyhamilton.com/johnnyblack
The New York Times is an American daily newspaper founded in 1851 in New York City. It was first called The New-York Daily Times and was founded by Henry Jarvis Raymond and George Jones. In 1896, the newspaper was purchased by Adolph Ochs who put it on strong financial footing. Over its history, the Times has transitioned from supporting Republican candidates to becoming politically independent and is now considered one of the most important newspapers in the United States.
Civilians on the British home front were affected by World War 1 in several ways:
1) Food rationing was introduced in 1917 and became compulsory in 1918 to address food shortages caused by German U-boats sinking British merchant ships carrying supplies.
2) Conscription was introduced in 1916, requiring all men aged 18-40 to register for potential military service.
3) Censorship of soldiers' letters and limitation of news about casualties was implemented to maintain public morale and support for the war effort.
World War I had a devastating impact, as described in the poem remembering the young lives lost in battles like Passchendaele, the Somme, and Mons. New crosses were still being added, a sign that the conflict continued taking lives. The document then discusses several aspects of World War I, including the rise of nationalism in countries like Germany, key facts about the war, life and conditions in the trenches, events like the Christmas truce of 1914 and the failed Gallipoli campaign of 1915, as well as the roles of new technologies and certain individuals.
The document discusses key events of 1916-1917 during World War I, including major battles like the Somme and Verdun that resulted in massive casualties. It also covers the increasing disillusionment with the war, as seen in the British film about the Somme that was viewed by millions. In early 1917, unrest in Russia grew due to the immense human costs of the war and a failing economy, culminating in the February Revolution that overthrew the Tsar and established a provisional government with competing power held by the Soviets.
Similar to Cartooning the First World War: Professor Chris Williams (Cardiff University) (20)
Cymru'n Cofio Wales Remembers 1914-1918 Programme OverviewRCAHMW
The document summarizes the Cymru'n Cofio Wales Remembers 1914-1918 Framework Programme. It provides information on publications from the programme, including a final publication preview and its website. It lists highlights from the Cymru'n Cofio Programme and notes that the official programme ended in March 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic, but that coordinators Marged and another individual are continuing its work. A final publication and programme evaluation are planned for later this year.
Casgliad y Werin Cymru - People's Collection WalesRCAHMW
The document provides information about People's Collection Wales, a bilingual website that aims to support and enable people to share stories and experiences by allowing them to upload visual items like photographs, drawings, audio recordings, and short films. It is a collaboration between the National Library of Wales, Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales, and National Museum Wales. The website helps enrich Wales' digital heritage through community engagement, training, ensuring items can be archived and copyright remains with the original owner. Examples of accounts related to World War 1 on the website are provided.
Legacy of the First World War Centenary CommemorationsRCAHMW
The First World War Centenary Partnership brought together thousands of organizations from 62 countries to commemorate the centenary of World War 1 from 2014 to 2018 through over 6,000 events. Highlights included 360 venues screening the 1916 film Battle of the Somme in 2016 and the 2018 project Women's Work 100 sharing stories of women's work in World War 1. The partnership reached over 4.5 million people globally and evaluated positively with 86% of members interested in future partnerships with Imperial War Museums.
Developing an approach to national mapping: Preliminary work on Scotland in m...RCAHMW
Mae’r cynnydd mawr mewn data wedi’i bell-synhwyro yn yr Alban yn cynnig cyfleoedd ac yn gosod her. Er bod map orthoffotograffig cyflawn o’r Alban ar gael ers rhai blynyddoedd bellach, mae sganio laser o’r awyr (ALS) yn ddarniog, er bod dyhead i’w helaethu neu ei gwblhau hyd yn oed. Mae hyn yn codi her ynghylch sut y bydd Historic Environment Scotland, fel corff arolygu cenedlaethol yr Alban, yn ymdrin â’r cynnydd cyflym mewn data wedi’i bell-synhwyro wrth ddiffinio ymagwedd at fapio cenedlaethol.
Mae ymagweddau sefydledig at archwilio archaeolegol yn pwysleisio rhagchwilio yn y maes, wedi’i gefnogi gan ddata wedi’i bell-synhwyro, ond gwaith sy’n gofyn am dipyn o adnoddau yw hwn. Trafodir gwaith rhagarweiniol ar Ynys Arran, a elwir ar lafar gwlad yn ‘Scotland in Miniature’ (yr Alban ar raddfa fach), i ddatblygu mapio graddfa genedlaethol, gan gynnwys cyflwyno darganfyddiadau newydd, agweddau ar ddata aml-raddedig a dyhead i ddatblygu llifoedd gwaith wedi’u symleiddio sy’n rhoi’r pwyslais ar ddata wedi’i bell-synhwyro a chanfod gwrthrychau awtomataidd. Mae hyn yn gofyn am ddatblygu llifoedd gwaith newydd, ond hefyd am ailystyried agweddau ar arfer sefydledig.
Established approaches to archaeological prospection emphasise field reconnaissance, supported by remote sensed data, but this is a relatively resource intensive operation. Preliminary work on the Island of Arran, which is colloquially known as ‘Scotland in Miniature’, to develop national-scaled mapping is discussed, including presentation of new discoveries, aspects of multi-scaled data and an aspiration to develop streamlined workflows that foreground remote sensed data and automated object detection. This is requiring development of new workflows, but also the renegotiation of aspects of established practice.
The increasing availability of remotely sensed data in Scotland presents opportunities and challenges. While complete coverage of orthophotos have been available for a few years now, availability of Aerial Laser Scanning (ALS) is patchy, though there is an aspiration to greater or even complete coverage. This raises a challenge to how Historic Environment Scotland, as the national body of survey for Scotland, deals with the rapidly increasing remote sensed data in defining an approach to national mapping.
Heritage Lottery Fund: Future Direction and Funding - Richard Bellamy, Head o...RCAHMW
Mae Cronfa Dreftadaeth y Loteri (CDL) yn ymgynghori ar ei rôl, ei gweledigaeth a'i blaenoriaethau cyllido ar gyfer y pum mlynedd nesaf.
Mae cyfle unigryw wedi codi i bawb sy’n ymddiddori a gofalu am dreftadaeth eithriadol y DU i fynegi eu barn ar gynlluniau’r Gronfa ar gyfer y dyfodol.
Mae’r Gronfa yn cefnogi prosiectau sy'n amrywio o adfer tirweddau naturiol i achub adeiladau sydd wedi'u hesgeuluso; o gofnodi hanes cymunedol amrywiol i ddarparu hyfforddiant sy'n newid bywydau.
Rydyn ni’n awr eisiau clywed beth mae pobl yn credu y dylai ein rôl, ein gweledigaeth a’n blaenoriaethau fod fel cronfa dreftadaeth fwyaf y DU yn ystod ei fframwaith cyllido strategol nesaf – y cyfnod o 2019-2024.
Bydd y gweithdy yn gyfle i gyfranogwyr:
• ddarganfod mwy am waith CDL yng Nghymru; a
• thrafod a chyfrannu eich sylwadau cynnar am gyfeiriad CDL yn y dyfodol.
Heritage Lottery Fund (HLF) is consulting on its role, vision and funding priorities for the next five years.
A unique opportunity is now open for everyone who cares about the UK’s extraordinary heritage to give their views on HLF's plans for the future.
HLF supports projects that range from restoring natural landscapes to rescuing neglected buildings: from recording diverse community histories to providing life-changing training.
We now want to know what people think of our role, vision and priorities should be as the UK’s biggest funder of heritage during its next strategic funding framework – the period from 2019-2024.
The workshop will be an opportunity for participants to:
• find out more about the HLFs work in Wales; and
• discuss and contribute your early views on HLFs future direction.
Y traddodiad digidol: Y Gymraeg yn gyfrwng diwylliant, treftadaeth a thechnol...RCAHMW
Ystyrir yma, felly, le’r Gymraeg fel cyfrwng sy’n bont rhwng ddoe, heddiw ac yfory wrth iddi fanteisio ar dechnoleg ddigidol.
Canolbwyntia’r cyflwyniad hwn ar waith Comisiynydd y Gymraeg ym maes technoleg gwybodaeth a chyfieithu gan bwysleisio’r potensial sydd i wneud defnydd arloesol o dechnoleg yn y maes hwnnw. Rhoddir sylw penodol hefyd i gyfrifoldeb unigryw’r Comisiynydd i argymell ffurfiau safonol enwau lleoedd Cymru a’r modd y gall y gwaith hwnnw gyfrannu at warchod ein treftadaeth yn ogystal â bod yn allwedd i’w deall.
Mae’r byd technoleg yn datblygu ar garlam ac yn sgil hyn daw cyfleoedd cyffrous i roi’r Gymraeg ar y map a sicrhau ei bod yn parhau’n gyfrwng perthnasol i siaradwyr Cymraeg heddiw ac yfory.
Daw cyfleoedd gwerthfawr hefyd i ailymweld â hanes a threftadaeth ddiwylliannol Cymru gan ddefnyddio systemau technolegol nid yn unig fel modd o gyflwyno hanes, iaith a diwylliant i genedlaethau newydd, ond fel modd o ddiogelu’r elfennau hynny a chadw gwybodaeth werthfawr ar glawr, neu ar gwmwl!
Ystyrir yma, felly, le’r Gymraeg fel cyfrwng sy’n bont rhwng ddoe, heddiw ac yfory wrth iddi fanteisio ar dechnoleg ddigidol.
This presentation focuses on the work of the Welsh Language Commissioner in the fields of IT and translation, emphasising the potential to make innovative use of technology in that field. Particular attention is also given to the Commissioner's unique responsibility to recommend the standard forms of place-names in Wales and how that work can contribute to protecting our heritage as well as being a key to understanding that heritage.
The world of IT is developing rapidly and as a result exciting opportunities arise to put the Welsh language on the map and to ensure that the language remains a relevant medium for Welsh speakers today and for future generations.
There are also valuable opportunities to revisit the history and cultural heritage of Wales by using technological systems not only as a means of introducing history, language and culture to new generations, but as a means of safeguarding those elements and preserving valuable information.
This presentation will therefore consider the role of the Welsh language as a medium and bridge between yesterday, today and tomorrow as we take advantage of digital technology.
Natural Historical Archives as Digital Challenge and Opportunity - Andreas We...RCAHMW
Mae’r prosiect treftadaeth ddigidol cydweithiol Making Sense of Illustrated Handwritten Archives yn datblygu amgylchedd digidol uwch-dechnolegol cyfeillgar i’r defnyddiwr a fydd yn hwyluso gwaith haneswyr, biolegwyr a churaduron sydd â diddordeb mewn treftadaeth byd natur wedi’i digido a threftadaeth llawysgrifenedig ddarluniedig.
Mae’r prosiect Making Sense yn rhoi sylw arbennig i archif Pwyllgor Byd Natur India’r Iseldiroedd, menter gasglu ar raddfa fawr a ariannwyd gan y brenin Isalmaenig Willem I. O 1820 hyd 1850 bu aelodau’r Pwyllgor yn gwneud teithiau helaeth drwy Ynysfor Indonesia, gan greu casgliad unigryw o ddogfennau llawysgrifenedig, sbesimenau a darluniau. Yn ogystal â bwrw golwg cyffredinol dros y prosiect, bydd fy narlith yn trafod y cyfleoedd, peryglon a goblygiadau ehangach sydd ynghlwm wrth gymhwyso system adnabod delweddau (geiriau) a thechnegau digidol eraill yng nghyd-destun casgliadau llawysgrifenedig darluniedig wedi’u digido.
The collaborative digital heritage project Making Sense of Illustrated Handwritten Archives develops a user-friendly and technologically advanced digital environment which is meant to facilitate the work of historians, biologists and curators interested in digitized natural historical and other illustrated handwritten heritage.
Core use case of the Making Sense project is the archive of the Committee of Natural History of the Netherlands Indies, a large scale collecting endeavour financed by the Dutch king Willem I. From 1820 to 1850, members of the Committee made extensive tours through the Indonesian Archipelago and brought together a unique set of handwritten documents, specimens and visuals. Next to a project overview, my lecture discusses opportunities, pitfalls, and wider implications which the application of an (word) image recognition system and other digital techniques in the context of digitized illustrated handwritten collections entail.
"Looking backwards and forwards, up and down": Changes in measuring and recor...RCAHMW
Mae Historic England, neu English Heritage fel yr oeddem bryd hynny, wedi bod yn gysylltiedig â’r cynadleddau Gorffennol Digidol ers y cychwyn cyntaf yn 2009. Mae llawer wedi newid ers hynny ac roeddwn i’n meddwl y byddai’n ddiddorol edrych yn ôl a thynnu sylw at rai o’r chwyldroadau mwyaf.
Historic England, or English Heritage as we were back then, have been involved in the Digital Past conferences since their inception in 2009. A lot has changed since that time and I thought it would be interesting to look back and highlight some of the biggest revolutions.
Digital Engagement, Challenging Histories - Dr James Stark; University Academ...RCAHMW
Mae datblygiadau diweddar ym maes offer ymgysylltu digidol wedi creu amgylchedd grymus ar gyfer ail-ddehongli treftadaeth. O ymchwil hanesyddol mynediad agored i gasgliadau wedi’u digido amgueddfeydd ac archifdai, erbyn hyn mae gan ymchwilwyr, grwpiau cymunedol a sefydliadau treftadaeth doreth o adnoddau gwreiddiol, a oedd yn anodd eu cyrraedd gynt, y gallant eu cyrchu drwy wefannau, catalogau a safleoedd trydydd parti. Un newydd-ddyfodiad i’r farchnad brysur hon yw Yarn, llwyfan adrodd storïau digidol sy’n dwyn ynghyd gasgliadau amgueddfeydd ac archifdai ac archifau a deunyddiau hanesyddol y defnyddwyr eu hunain.
Recent developments in digital engagement tools have created a dynamic environment for the reinterpretation of heritage. From open access historical research to digitised museum and archive collections, researchers, community groups and heritage organisations are now blessed with an abundance of previously hard-to-reach primary resources, accessible through websites, catalogues and third party sites. One relative newcomer in this busy marketplace is Yarn, a digital storytelling platform designed to bring the collections of museums and archives together with users’ own archives and historic materials.
Connected Open Heritage - John Andersson; Executive Director, Wikimedia SverigeRCAHMW
Gwella strwythur a chwiliadwyedd gwybodaeth am dreftadaeth ddiwylliannol ddisymud ledled y byd yw nod y prosiect Treftadaeth Agored Gysylltiedig. Buom yn gweithio i gynnwys gwybodaeth wedi’i chyd-destunoli ar Wikipedia; delweddau newydd a hanesyddol ar Wikimedia Commons; a data strwythuredig ar Wikidata.
Yn ystod y cyflwyniad byddwn ni’n siarad am rai o’r heriau a’r gwersi a ddysgwyd wrth brosesu casgliad unigryw o setiau ddata o 50 o wledydd, gweithio i ryddhau setiau data newydd, darganfod ffyrdd o gadw’r casgliad yn gyfoes, a chreu methodolegau i’w gwneud hi’n bosibl i roi’r data ar Wikidata ar ffurf safonedig a strwythuredig.
Improving the structure and searchability of immovable cultural heritage information from around the world is what the Connected Open Heritage project has been trying to achieve. We have worked to include contextualized information on Wikipedia; new and historical images on Wikimedia Commons; and structured data on Wikidata.
During the presentation we will talk about some of the challenges and lessons gathered while working with processing a world-unique collection of datasets from 50 countries, working to release new datasets, finding ways to keep it up-to-date, and creating the methodologies for the data to be added to Wikidata in a standardized and structured form.
Enwau Lleoedd - Dr James January-McCann; Comisiwn Brenhinol Henebion Cymru - ...RCAHMW
Lansiwyd y Rhestr o Enwau Lleoedd Hanesyddol ym mis Mai 2016 yn sgil Deddf yr Amgylchedd Hanesyddol (Cymru) y flwyddyn honno. Y mae’r Rhestr yn ateb i’r pryderon mynych a godwyd yn ddiweddar gan Gymdeithas Enwau Lleoedd Cymru, ymysg nifer eraill, yn dilyn newid sawl enw hanesyddol gan berchnogion newydd yn ddiweddar.
Bwriad y prosiect hwn yw ein galluogi i gofnodi, cynnal, ac mewn rhai achosion achub ein henwau lleoedd yng Nghymru, gan ddarparu bas data o enwau y bydd o ddiddordeb i'r cyhoedd, ac yn ddefnyddiol i awdurdodau lleol ac academyddion wrth eu gwaith.
Teen Twitter Takeover - Catherine McKeag: Project Manager, Kids in Museums RCAHMW
Mae Teen Twitter Takeover yn cynyddu mynediad ac yn tynnu sylw at syniadau arloesol a ddefnyddir gan bobl ifanc. Byddwn hefyd yn rhannu casgliadau allweddol eraill o’r gwerthusiad terfynol.
Teen Twitter Takeover increases access, showcases innovative ideas used by young people and shares other key findings from the evaluation which is currently being finalised.
Maps and Mapping at the Royal Commission - Tom PertRCAHMW
Since its establishment in 1908, the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales has been recording archaeological and historic sites and monuments both spatially and cartographically. The role of the Commission both as a public archive of maps, and as a map producing body supplying map depictions of archaeological sites to the Ordnance Survey, is unique in Wales.
In this presentation the wealth of cartographic and spatial material available to researchers within the Royal Commission’s archive will be revealed. The ways in which staff at the Commission utilise these resources to record, interpret and present the past will also be explored. The opportunities that members of the public have to access and use these resources will also be discussed. Finally, there will be an exploration of the potential offered by new and emerging technologies such as Augmented and Virtual Reality to depict sites and landscapes of the past.
Lives of the First World War: Creating a Digital Memorial - Charlotte CzyzykRCAHMW
Lives of the First World War: Creating a Digital Memorial
Charlotte Czyzyk: Public Engagement and Project Manager, Imperial War Museums
Lives of the First World War is Imperial War Museums’ online platform to discover, remember and share stories of men and women who contributed to the British war effort in the First World War. In the digital age, we aim to fulfil the original IWM mission statement to commemorate ‘the toil and sacrifice’ of more than 7.5 million people from across the Empire and Commonwealth. Our vision is to enrich people’s understanding of the First World War through telling powerful stories of ordinary individuals living through extraordinary times.
Since May 2014 thousands of people have uploaded precious family photographs, shared anecdotes and connected military and genealogical records to this permanent digital memorial. In this talk, Project Manager Charlotte Czyzyk will highlight some of the fascinating stories that have come to light, and illustrate how the site is populated by members of the public, cultural organisations, community groups and academics alike. She will also advise delegates on how to use Lives of the First World War to create a rich legacy for their research and projects.
Folcloristas de Panamá: Using a WhatsApp Group as a Crowdsourcing Platform fo...RCAHMW
Folcloristas de Panamá: Using a WhatsApp Group as a Crowdsourcing Platform for Preserving Knowledge of the Past
Marino Jaén Espinosa: Director, PanamaTipico.com
The ubiquity of smartphones has opened new opportunities for groups of people to exchange information in efficient ways. While not cutting-edge in technology, the resulting digital communities bring valuable contributions to heritage preservation in places without easy access to specialized crowd-sourcing platforms.
One example of such communities is Folcloristas de Panamá, a WhatsApp group devoted to discussing a wide range of topics related to the past and the folklore of Panama. Even though it has not yet turned one year old, the community has had a significant impact on the cultural heritage community of Panama, as it has transcended the digital realm to become a formal association.
This work is an analysis of the group’s origins, members’ profiles, typology of content shared, internal conflicts and autoregulation mechanisms. The main goal is to explain the success of the group as a crowdsourcing platform and to describe its impact in the real world, while encouraging a discussion about similarities and differences with comparable experiences elsewhere.
This is the third study in a series about crowdsourcing in digital folklore communities in Panama. The first was about PanamaTipico.com, a cultural heritage website, presented at the 2014 Digital Presentation and Preservation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage International Conference, held in Bulgaria. The second paper was about Chepo Cultura y Tradición, a Facebook fan page dealing with the collective memory of a town, presented in 2016 at Towards Digital Folkloristics International Conference, held in Latvia (not yet published).
Our work aims to understand the contribution of digital crowdsourcing communities to the preservation of the rich cultural heritage of Panama.
Camera, Pole and Mobile Phone in Azerbaijan - Dave maynard, çox şəkillərRCAHMW
The document discusses the use of photography for archaeological site recording in Azerbaijan between 2005-2016. It details how different projects used a variety of techniques including planning frames, total stations, and GPS to lay out and record excavation units. A remotely triggered camera on a pole was also used to record overall site plans and features. The photos were processed using software to create 2D and 3D models for mapping sites in a GIS system. Issues and successes with the photographic technique are outlined.
The Discovery and Documentation of the Newport Ship: Unlocking the Secrets of...RCAHMW
The Discovery and Documentation of the Newport Ship: Unlocking the Secrets of a Medieval Merchant Vessel Found in Wales
Dr Toby Jones: Curator, Newport Medieval Ship Project
In the summer of 2002, archaeologists discovered a remarkably well-preserved medieval merchant ship in the United Kingdom. Construction on the banks of the River Usk, in Newport, Wales, led to the chance find of the unique vessel, which dates to around AD 1450. The large lapstrake-built trading ship and associated artefacts were carefully raised for further study and conservation. Nearly fifteen years of international research and meticulous conservation have helped to unlock the secrets of this historically significant find. The team has been at the forefront of using digital technology, including laser scanners, contact digitisers and CAD software, to document and model the vessel and artefacts.
The vessel is thought to have been built in the Basque Country of northern Spain and archaeological evidence suggests strong trading links between Britain and the Iberian Peninsula. The analysis of the hull and numerous objects has provided insight into the technological innovation, forest management and trade patterns of the Atlantic-facing countries of Western Europe during the late-Medieval period. The vessel and finds are currently being conserved with the goal of reassembling the ship for permanent display within the city museum.
Ymgysylltu Digidol ac Addysg / Digital Engagement and Education - Owen LlywelynRCAHMW
The National Library of Wales and Amgueddfa Cymru-National Museum Wales worked in partnership to create digital learning materials on Hwb about World War 1. They developed interactive games, activities, and resources using items from their collections to support the Welsh curriculum. An important part of the process was gathering teacher feedback and ensuring the resources were easy for teachers to find and use without prior subject knowledge. The goal was to make the collections central to the learning while experimenting with new technologies and formats to engage both students and educators.
4. DAI PEPPER
ON THE SOMME
Capt. T. E. Elias (ed.), New Year Souvenir of the
Welsh Division (Cardiff and London, 1917), p. 55
5. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Sunday Times (1918)
The Times (1915)
Observer (1916)
Daily Express (1918)
Daily Chronicle (1916)
Daily News (1915)
Daily Mail (1916)
Daily Mirror (1916)
Daily Sketch (1915)
News of the World (1917)
British Newspapers: Wartime Circulation (000s)
6. Staniforth’s First World War Cartooning
Year Western
Mail
News of the
World
Total
1914 120 7 127
1915 277 34 311
1916 276 41 317
1917 284 39 323
1918 215 44 259
Total 1171 165 1336
7. JMS’s First World War cartooning
120
277 276 284
215
7
34 41 39
44
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1914 1915 1916 1917 1918
Western Mail News of the World
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Welcome to Cartooningthe
First World War
Cartooningthe First World War bringstogether all thewartimenewspaper
cartoonsof Joseph Morewood Staniforth (‘JMS’), which originally appeared in
theBritish Sunday paper the Newsof theWorld and theCardi! daily paper the
Western Mail. Over 1300cartoonsdocument thewar’schangingfortunesand
thewaysin which theconflict wasexperienced and represented by oneof the
most popular visual artistsof thetime. Each cartoon ispresented with
explanatory notesand with an open invitation to usersto comment on the
imageand itspossiblemeanings. Thecartoonsareaccompanied by a rangeof
resourceswhich help to contextualisethecartoonist, hiswork, and the
newspaperswhich published him.
Please note that the website currently holdscartoonsup tothe end of May
1917, with some from June 1917. In most casesthese are accompanied by
commentaries: any remainingcommentarieswill be supplied in the very
near future. In the next phase of work we will be uploadingfurther
cartoonsand commentariesup tothe end of 1917.
Cartooningthe First World War isa project supported by theHeritageLottery
Fund and based at Cardi! University, whereit isled by Professor Chris
Williams, Head of theSchool of History, Archaeology and Religion.
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THEPIEDPIPEROF
CRICCIETH
Western Mail, 22 September
1914
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16.
17.
18. Major categories of JMS wartime cartoons
Theme Examples
Celebratory Of British and allied progress in
various theatres of war
Vilification of
enemies
Being very rude about the Kaiser, the
German people etc
Recruitment Encouraging voluntary recruitment,
supporting conscription etc
Mobilising the war
economy
Supporting increased taxation, state
control, war loans etc
Aimed at neutral
countries
Pressurising the USA (mostly) to enter
the war against Germany
19. Minor categories of JMS wartime cartoons
Theme Examples
Sympathy towards
allies
Russia, France, Belgium, Italy
Boosting public
morale
Endorsing the justice of the cause, stiffening
resolve to see it through
Endorsing political
action
Shift to Coalition government, to Lloyd
George leadership, appointment of D. A.
Thomas as Food Controller
Condemning
dissent
Industrial action, pacifism, food hoarding, Irish
Republicans, peacemongers
Acknowledging
failure
Dardanelles, Mesopotamia, air defence,
sacking of Churchill
21. JMS’s ‘Welsh’ wartime cartoons
Theme Examples
Celebratory Of prominent Welshmen, of Welsh
troops’ deeds
Recruitment Praising, encouraging, chivvying
recruitment in Wales specifically
Mobilising the (Welsh)
war economy
Munitions, coal industry
Condemning dissent Rev Thomas Rees, ILP,
‘peacemongers’, striking miners
Articulating patriotism Welsh martial tradition and the war
effort in Wales
22. Western Mail, 5 December 1916
ST GEORGE AND THE DRAGON
(Not the Welsh one)
29. ‘Our Cartoonist: Exhibition of Mr J. M. Staniforth’s Art’, Western Mail, 1 June
1918
It is the business of the newspaper cartoonist
in these days to reflect all the moods and
phases of the war. … The piquancy and
pathos of the war, the brightness and the
gloom, the virtue and the vice, all find an apt,
expressive, and illuminating reproduction in
the cultured mind and facile pencil of the
artist.
30. David Lloyd George, Western Mail, 19 December 1921
I am deeply grieved to hear of the death of
Mr J M Staniforth – undoubtedly one of the
most distinguished cartoonists of his
generation. His work has always given me
great pleasure … . Cartoonists of this type
render great national service and no one has
served his country more devotedly with the
pen than ‘JMS’ …
31. Website: cartoonww1.org
Facebook: Cartooning the First World War in
Wales
Twitter: @CartoonWW1
Contact:
Chris Williams: williamsc92@cardiff.ac.uk
Rhianydd Biebrach: biebrachr@cardiff.ac.uk
Editor's Notes
The Tiger, Curious, I seem to hear a child weeping.
Niall Ferguson, The Pity of War (London, 1999), p. 243
Other figures; News of the World 1915: 2m
The Times (1914) 183000; (1917) 137000; (1918) 131000
News of the World circulation rose during wartime; that of The Times fell
1914 and 1918 totals include only the wartime months.
Does not include any cartoons published in the Evening Express, Football Express or one-off publications.
Total: 1171 Western Mail, 165 News of the World. 1336
THE SAVAGE: ‘Yah! Dere am some people dat insult me by calling dose decivilised Germans “barbarians”!’
Civilisation triumphs over poison, outrage, robbery, arson, murder, Prussian militarism, methods of barbarism and ambition for world domination.
Note also the cross in the background.
This cartoon appeared as a full page in the Western Mail the day after the armistice was declared. The cessation of hostilities had been anticipated for some weeks, and it is likely that Staniforth had been working on this image for longer than was normal for his cartoons. The fact that the newspaper gave over an entire one-eighth of its space to the cartoon is indicative of the importance and power of the visual image. The message is unambiguous: civilisation has triumphed over Prussian militarism, Christian virtue over heinous ‘methods of barbarism’ (the phrase an echo of the controversies surrounding British policy during the South African war of 1899-1902).
'For he led us, he said, to a joyous land, ... Where waters gushed and fruit trees grew, And flowers put forth a fairer hue' (Robert Browning)
Excerpt from (the concluding passage of the famous) speech by Lloyd George at the Queen's Hall, London (September 19):
'We have been too comfortable, too indulging -- many, perhaps, too selfish. And the stern hand of Fate has scourged us to an elevation where we can see the great everlasting things that matter for a nation. The great peaks of honour we had forgotten, duty and patriotism, clad in glittering white. The great pinnacle of sacrifice, pointing like a rugged finger to heaven. We shall descend into valleys again, but as long as the men and women of this generation last they will carry in their hearts the image of these great mountain peaks, whose fingers are unshaken, though Europe rock and sway in the convulsions of a great war.’
/////
Lloyd George’s home was at Llanystumdwy, near Criccieth, in Caernarvonshire.
Note: DLG clad in Union Flag cloak, blowing a horn (or a pipe) of ‘honour’, ‘duty’ and ‘patriotism’.
The sign reads: ‘To the recruiting station and the removal of the German menace’.
Lloyd George made this speech, calling for the creation of a Welsh Army Corps, and drawing on his version of a Welsh martial tradition stretching back to the Dark Ages. He was clearly attempting to reconcile the distinctiveness of Welsh national sentiment and patriotism with the wider interests of the British state and British Empire. To be fair, relatively few thought them incompatible at that time. It was a rousing call to arms and I’m sure Staniforth shared Lloyd George’s hope that it would meet with an enthusiastic response from the young men of Wales. Yet it is entirely possible that a reader might have drawn a different conclusion from the same piece of artwork. The story of the Pied Piper does not end happily, after all, for, as Browning puts it, at the end ‘Piper and dancers were gone for ever’. Although Staniforth meant to boost the patriotism of his readers, we can not be certain that he achieved his desired impact.
What is even more perplexing is that Staniforth had used a similar image on previous occasions to suggest that following a different ‘Pied Piper’ (such as C. B. Stanton, the militant miners’ agent) would lead to disaster. He cannot have been unaware of the potential for ambiguity.
‘All the little boys and girls …
Tripping and skipping, ran merrily after
The wonderful music, with shouting and laughter.
For he led us, he said, to a joyous land,
Where waters gushed and fruit trees grew,
And flowers put forth a fairer hue,
And everything was strange and new.’
(Robert Browning)
‘I, who have seen so much of the war, could never have believed it possible that the man who was execrated a year ago would be welcomed so heartily to-day. He seems to exercise a curious fascination over the rough sons of the veldt.’ – Press Association Correspondent, at Ventersdorp.
[Published volume]: Remarkable enthusiasm was raised amongst all sections in South Africa by Mr Chamberlain’s conciliatory speeches, and by his promises on behalf of the Government during his tour through the country.]
CHORUS OF VOICES: What a dreadful mess! It wasn’t we who did it.
DR. JOHN BULL: Well, I shall expect you to find out who did do it, and to see that such scandalous things do not occur again.
The mess consists of the campaigns in the Dardanelles and Mesopotamia. Amongst the politicians in the picture are Asquith, Lloyd George, Churchill – and some others.
Staniforth gets himself into a bit of a muddle with this cartoon.
Saint (Lloyd) George on the left.
Dragon is marked with ‘War dilatoriness’, ‘indecision’ and ‘delay’.
Lloyd George was about to become Prime Minister (on 7th).
Britannia tied to a tree in the background.
Lloyd George is becoming a Welsh icon in his own right – the first Welshman to be Prime Minister, the only Prime Minister not to speak English as his first language, a Prime Minister clearly identified with the key characteristics of modern Welsh identity through his career as a leading Welsh Liberal MP, advocate of disestablishment, the Cymru Fydd movement and so on.
LORD KITCHENER (at the War Office): Well, French, how are things going?
GENERAL FRENCH (at the Front): Splendidly! We are holding our own well. But I want more men – and especially Welshmen.
----------
There was one man whom they all knew – Captain Haggard, of the 5th Welsh – who, when dying, turned round to the Welshmen around him and said, “Stick it, Welsh.” (applause.) He appealed to all Welshmen to live up to that motto at the present time, and he could not finish with anything better than to say, “Stick it, Welsh.” (Applause.) – General Sir Francis Lloyd at Cardiff.
///
Early proof that the Welsh were not lacking in martial vigour and courage.
Mark Haggard, nephew of Rider Haggard. Died of wounds. Rescued by Lance Corporal Fuller who won the VC for doing so. 19 September 1914. Sometimes ‘Stick it, the Welsh’.
Kitchener was Secretary of State for War. French was Commander of the BEF.
JOHN BULL: Compliment you, ma’am, on your new plant! How’s it getting on?
DAME WALES: Fammous, look you. I do expect it will be a fine, sturdy plant in a few weeks’ time; yes, indeet.
///
Note: Dame Wales is watering ‘Welsh Guards’, using ‘Welsh Enthusiasm’ (from the watering can) and ‘Cardiff fertiliser’.
There are many other plants growing in the bed behind: ‘2nd Welsh Regiment’, ‘Welsh Horse’, ‘South Wales Borderers’, ‘3rd Welsh Regiment’, ‘Welsh Bantams’.
The Sun is ‘Welsh Nationalism’. Should be understood in the sense of Welsh national spirit, distinctiveness and pride rather than separatism.
DAME WALES (preparing to start): More munitions we do want, is it? Well, indeed, now, it wass a bit out of my line, but I will do my best, look you, an’ help to smash them old wicked Germans!
Behind her shoulder is ‘Munitions of War’.
The Welshman had become very popular. You could not fail to discern that in the reception of music-hall jokes at his expense, and the Welsh National Anthem or “The Men of Harlech” has latterly been invariably included with the hymns of the allies at the theatres and hails as a distinct recognition of the part Wales has been taking in the war. Yet to-day it is almost a reproach to be a Welshman in the eyes of the Londoner one meets in the club or anywhere else. – Our London Letter.
Notices: ‘Honourable Mention in Dispatches’, ‘World’s Condemnation’, ‘Empire’s Disgust’, ‘Heroic Deeds of Welsh Soldiers’, ‘On Strike’, ‘Admiralty’, ‘Coal Wanted’
We will be none the worse soldiers in Wales because the military spirit has not been fostered and encouraged and whetted from childhood upwards as it has in Germany, where they feed their children on gunpowder. (Laughter.) A nation whose spirit is roused by the call to its magnanimity and manly qualities will go into action with all the greater heart because for centuries its soul has been cleansed from the mere lust of killing. (“Hear, hear,” and applause.). – Mr Lloyd George at Cardiff.
-------------
Mr Lloyd George inaugurates the movement for the formation of a Welsh Army Corps.
/////
This point is reinforced in this cartoons where it is freely acknowledged that ‘the military spirit has not been fostered’ in Wales. So whereas German children are surrounded by ‘Zeppelin’, ‘Despotic militarism’, ‘Barbarism jam’, ‘Gunpowder’, ‘Murder Treacle’, ‘Outrage Biscuits’, Welsh children have a background in ‘Right Living’, ‘Technical Training’, ‘Singing’, ‘Sports’, ‘Education’, ‘Religion and Nationalism’, ‘Football Results’, ‘Revival Pictures’, ‘National Eisteddfod’. Ultimately this will make them more effective soldiers.
HIS MAJESTY THE KING: Madam, your patriotism and contribution to my army since the war began have been all that I could wish. I, therefore, shall be delighted if you will send me a Battalion of Welsh Guards to join the three I have.
/////
If Wales’s proud contribution to the war through recruitment and deeds on the field of battle is a major theme in Staniforth’s cartoons, then so is the honour that such actions confer upon the Welsh people. Here we have the very public recognition of Wales’s efforts (‘Splendid recruiting in South Wales’, ‘Welsh Loyalty’) which are rewarded with elevation to the status of having its own Guards regiment – sharing that with the Scots, Irish and of course English.Irish Guards, English Guards (sic) and the Scotch Guards (sic). Should be Grenadier, Scots (and Coldstream).
Worth noting that Welsh patriots were sensitive to Wales’s inferior status within the United Kingdom as a Principality that had been conquered rather than a Kingdom / State that had been ‘united’. The legislative acquisition of Wales by England had been formalised in the sixteenth century. It was only in the late nineteenth century, and with the awareness of the acts of 1707 and 1800 that had brought first Scotland and then Ireland into the UK, that these were termed the Welsh ‘Acts of Union’. Staniforth was also a long-term supporter of a campaign to have the arms of Wales placed on the royal standard (alongside those of England, Scotland and Ireland). So the award of its own Guards Regiment was a significant act of recognition of the distinctive claims of Wales on the part of the British state.