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PROSODY refers to the overall sound pattern of phrases and sentences.
SYLLABLE STRESS is the emphasis or prominence given to a syllable.
1. The orchestra magnificently played Beethoven’s Piano
Sonata.
2. The administration is thinking of strategies and
techniques to increase enrollees next semester.
3. The talented guitarist was given a standing ovation.
4. The honorable mayor governs the city with discipline.
5. The menu lists the ingredients of every entrée.
6. Many elementary students served as volunteers
yesterday.
7. According to my Japanese colleague, the bamboo is not
a tree.
8. The international magazine lavished praise on the
orator.
9. This afternoon, there will be a ceremony to welcome
them.
10. A percentage of adolescents nowadays lack direction in
life.
11. My former professor is now very fluent in Arabic.
12. Many Filipinos are not comfortable using utensils.
13. It has long been established that Pampanga is the home
of many mouth-watering delicacies.
14. She is suffering from a malady that shows all the
characteristics of a hereditary disease.
15. I’ll introduce you to the lady who is celebrating her
debut.
16. Our administrative officer determined the problem.
17. Plants give off carbon dioxide.
18. The local government has projects for the indigents.
19. The small intestine helps the stomach digest food.
20. A nation that values good education produces a well-
informed, cultured and moral citizenry.
Generalizations about Stress:
 Syllable stress (accent or emphasis may be on the 1st
, 2nd
, 3rd
, or 4th
syllable of a word. Veterinarian is stressed on the 4th
syllable while understand is stressed on the 3rd
.
 Some words have two syllable stresses: the primary and the secondary.
e.g. administer- /ədmIn’əstɚ/ administrative- /ədmIn’əstreItəv/ administration- /ədmIn’əstreI∫ən/
1. Numbers ending in –teen______________________________________________________________________
seventy- seventeen forty- fourteen ninety- nineteen thirty- thirteen
2. Generally, when a suffix is added to a word,_______________________________________________________
govern- government happy- happiness honor- honorable legal-legalize
station- stationary commit-committee attend-attendance begin- beginning
3. Words ending in –tion –sion, -ic, -ical, and ity______________________________________________________
educate- education apology- apologetic hostile-hostility diplomat- diplomatic
grammar- grammatical administer-administration extend- extension economy- economical
4. Word which may be used as nouns, adjectives, or verbs _____________________________________________
survey record permit progress content convert conduct
Her beauty entranced the movie fans as she neared the theater entrance. I refuse to throw out your refuse for you.
You can extract vanilla, an aromatic extract, from a certain orchid. A Reader’s Digest article advises us to digest
our food well.
Words commonly mispronounced due to faulty stressing:
I. First not second or third syllable
pedestal irritable memorable eligible January controversy protein Britain
intricacy seminary interval purchase fertilizer indigent demonstrate legislative
hazardous ancestor candidacy contrary category dictionary preferable ordinary
rheumatism answerable vulnerable hospitable centimeter culinary deficit spiritual
II. Second not first syllable
bamboo indicative thereby whereas committee fanaticism Niagara semester
intestine professor dioxide initiate insurance percentage negotiate
III. Third not first or second syllable
comprehend population intercept understand supervisory adolescent kangaroo guarantee
millionaire intercede advantageous discontent
Vowel Mitigation
Stress timing causes some sound changes. Vowel which are not stress points get weakened, or mitigated, and become
schwas.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
Elision - In long words, unstressed vowels even disappear, a phenomenon called elision (deletion).
In(e)resting sep(a)rate mis(e)rable awf(u)lly reas(o)nable bev(e)rage
documentary family temperature naturally favorable deliberate
favorite accidentally different comfortable restaurant physically
aspirin practically vegetable economically laboratory chocolate
A few consonants may also disappear, as in
enterprise Wednesday entertainment interview international February intersection internet
Liaison- aside from stress timing, English also differs from Philippine languages in that the sounds of the words get
connected to each other. Integrate the end sounds to the sound of the succeeding word.
It’s an apple. /…sə næ…/ Come in. /…mIn…/ I give up. /..vɅp…/
May I ask? /…ja jæsk/ It’s all over. /…so low…/ Did you see her? /…jə…/

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#2 prosody refers-to-the-overall-sound-pattern-of-phrases-and-sentences

  • 1. PROSODY refers to the overall sound pattern of phrases and sentences. SYLLABLE STRESS is the emphasis or prominence given to a syllable. 1. The orchestra magnificently played Beethoven’s Piano Sonata. 2. The administration is thinking of strategies and techniques to increase enrollees next semester. 3. The talented guitarist was given a standing ovation. 4. The honorable mayor governs the city with discipline. 5. The menu lists the ingredients of every entrée. 6. Many elementary students served as volunteers yesterday. 7. According to my Japanese colleague, the bamboo is not a tree. 8. The international magazine lavished praise on the orator. 9. This afternoon, there will be a ceremony to welcome them. 10. A percentage of adolescents nowadays lack direction in life. 11. My former professor is now very fluent in Arabic. 12. Many Filipinos are not comfortable using utensils. 13. It has long been established that Pampanga is the home of many mouth-watering delicacies. 14. She is suffering from a malady that shows all the characteristics of a hereditary disease. 15. I’ll introduce you to the lady who is celebrating her debut. 16. Our administrative officer determined the problem. 17. Plants give off carbon dioxide. 18. The local government has projects for the indigents. 19. The small intestine helps the stomach digest food. 20. A nation that values good education produces a well- informed, cultured and moral citizenry. Generalizations about Stress:  Syllable stress (accent or emphasis may be on the 1st , 2nd , 3rd , or 4th syllable of a word. Veterinarian is stressed on the 4th syllable while understand is stressed on the 3rd .  Some words have two syllable stresses: the primary and the secondary. e.g. administer- /ədmIn’əstɚ/ administrative- /ədmIn’əstreItəv/ administration- /ədmIn’əstreI∫ən/ 1. Numbers ending in –teen______________________________________________________________________ seventy- seventeen forty- fourteen ninety- nineteen thirty- thirteen 2. Generally, when a suffix is added to a word,_______________________________________________________ govern- government happy- happiness honor- honorable legal-legalize station- stationary commit-committee attend-attendance begin- beginning 3. Words ending in –tion –sion, -ic, -ical, and ity______________________________________________________ educate- education apology- apologetic hostile-hostility diplomat- diplomatic grammar- grammatical administer-administration extend- extension economy- economical 4. Word which may be used as nouns, adjectives, or verbs _____________________________________________ survey record permit progress content convert conduct Her beauty entranced the movie fans as she neared the theater entrance. I refuse to throw out your refuse for you. You can extract vanilla, an aromatic extract, from a certain orchid. A Reader’s Digest article advises us to digest our food well. Words commonly mispronounced due to faulty stressing: I. First not second or third syllable pedestal irritable memorable eligible January controversy protein Britain intricacy seminary interval purchase fertilizer indigent demonstrate legislative hazardous ancestor candidacy contrary category dictionary preferable ordinary rheumatism answerable vulnerable hospitable centimeter culinary deficit spiritual II. Second not first syllable bamboo indicative thereby whereas committee fanaticism Niagara semester intestine professor dioxide initiate insurance percentage negotiate III. Third not first or second syllable comprehend population intercept understand supervisory adolescent kangaroo guarantee millionaire intercede advantageous discontent Vowel Mitigation Stress timing causes some sound changes. Vowel which are not stress points get weakened, or mitigated, and become schwas. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Elision - In long words, unstressed vowels even disappear, a phenomenon called elision (deletion). In(e)resting sep(a)rate mis(e)rable awf(u)lly reas(o)nable bev(e)rage documentary family temperature naturally favorable deliberate favorite accidentally different comfortable restaurant physically aspirin practically vegetable economically laboratory chocolate A few consonants may also disappear, as in enterprise Wednesday entertainment interview international February intersection internet Liaison- aside from stress timing, English also differs from Philippine languages in that the sounds of the words get connected to each other. Integrate the end sounds to the sound of the succeeding word. It’s an apple. /…sə næ…/ Come in. /…mIn…/ I give up. /..vɅp…/ May I ask? /…ja jæsk/ It’s all over. /…so low…/ Did you see her? /…jə…/