The activity of finding significant data identified with a particular subject is troublesome in web because of the immensity of web information. This situation makes website streamlining strategies into an irreplaceable technique according to analysts, academicians, and industrialists. Inquiry history investigation is the definite examination of web information from various clients with the end goal of comprehension and upgrading web taking care of. Inquiry log or client seek history incorporates clients' beforehand submitted inquiries and their comparing clicked reports or locales' URLs. Accordingly question log investigation is considered as the most utilized technique for improving the clients' pursuit encounter. The proposed strategy investigates and groups client scan histories with the end goal of website streamlining. In this approach, the issue of getting sorted out clients' verifiable questions into bunches in a dynamic and robotized design is examined. The consequently arranged inquiry gatherings will help in various website streamlining systems like question proposal, item re-positioning, question adjustments and so on. The proposed strategy considers a question aggregate as an accumulation of inquiries together with the comparing set of clicked URLs that are identified with each other around a general data require. This technique proposes another strategy for joining word likeness measures alongside report similitude measures to frame a consolidated comparability measure. In the proposed strategy other question importance measures, for example, inquiry reformulation and clicked URL idea are likewise considered. Assessment comes about show how the proposed technique outflanks existing strategies.
How Text Analytics Increases Search RelevanceZanda Mark
To learn more visit: http://pingar.com/discoveryone/
Findability is the ease of which someone can locate the information they want. Often, it is confused with search – but search is just one method of achieving findability. Search allows people to enter in words that they hope are contained in the content they want to retrieve. Findability includes any method of locating this content, including but not limited to searching. Pingar DiscoveryOne improves findability.
Personalized Web Search Using Trust Based Hubs And AuthoritiesIJERA Editor
In this paper method has been proposed to improve the precision of Personalized Web Search (PWS) using Trust based Hubs and Authorities(HA) where Hubs are the high quality resource pages and Authorities are the high quality content pages in the specific topic generated using Hyperlink- Induced Topic Search (HITS). The Trust is used in HITS for increasing the reliability of HITS in identifying the good hubs and authorities for effective web search and overcome the problem of topic drift found in HITS. Experimental Study was conducted on the data set of web query sessions to test the effectiveness of PWS with Trust based HA in domains Academics, Entertainment and Sport. The experimental results were compared on the basis of improvement in average precision using PWS with HA (with/without Trust). The results verified statistically show the significant improvement in precision using PWS with HA (with Trust
ANALYSIS OF ENTERPRISE SHARED RESOURCE INVOCATION SCHEME BASED ON HADOOP AND Rijaia
The response rate and performance indicators of enterprise resource calls have become an important part
of measuring the difference in enterprise user experience. An efficient corporate shared resource calling
system can significantly improve the office efficiency of corporate users and significantly improve the
fluency of corporate users' resource calling. Hadoop has powerful data integration and analysis
capabilities in resource extraction, while R has excellent statistical capabilities and resource personalized
decomposition and display capabilities in data calling. This article will propose an integration plan for
enterprise shared resource invocation based on Hadoop and R to further improve the efficiency of
enterprise users' shared resource utilization, improve the efficiency of system operation, and bring
enterprise users a higher level of user experience. First, we use Hadoop to extract the corporate shared
resources required by corporate users from the nearby resource storage computer room and
terminal equipment to increase the call rate, and use the R function attribute to convert the user’s search
results into linear correlations, according to the correlation The strong and weak principles are displayed
in order to improve the corresponding speed and experience. This article proposes feasible solutions to the
shortcomings in the current enterprise shared resource invocation. We can use public data sets to perform
personalized regression analysis on user needs, and optimize and integrate most relevant information.
How Text Analytics Increases Search RelevanceZanda Mark
To learn more visit: http://pingar.com/discoveryone/
Findability is the ease of which someone can locate the information they want. Often, it is confused with search – but search is just one method of achieving findability. Search allows people to enter in words that they hope are contained in the content they want to retrieve. Findability includes any method of locating this content, including but not limited to searching. Pingar DiscoveryOne improves findability.
Personalized Web Search Using Trust Based Hubs And AuthoritiesIJERA Editor
In this paper method has been proposed to improve the precision of Personalized Web Search (PWS) using Trust based Hubs and Authorities(HA) where Hubs are the high quality resource pages and Authorities are the high quality content pages in the specific topic generated using Hyperlink- Induced Topic Search (HITS). The Trust is used in HITS for increasing the reliability of HITS in identifying the good hubs and authorities for effective web search and overcome the problem of topic drift found in HITS. Experimental Study was conducted on the data set of web query sessions to test the effectiveness of PWS with Trust based HA in domains Academics, Entertainment and Sport. The experimental results were compared on the basis of improvement in average precision using PWS with HA (with/without Trust). The results verified statistically show the significant improvement in precision using PWS with HA (with Trust
ANALYSIS OF ENTERPRISE SHARED RESOURCE INVOCATION SCHEME BASED ON HADOOP AND Rijaia
The response rate and performance indicators of enterprise resource calls have become an important part
of measuring the difference in enterprise user experience. An efficient corporate shared resource calling
system can significantly improve the office efficiency of corporate users and significantly improve the
fluency of corporate users' resource calling. Hadoop has powerful data integration and analysis
capabilities in resource extraction, while R has excellent statistical capabilities and resource personalized
decomposition and display capabilities in data calling. This article will propose an integration plan for
enterprise shared resource invocation based on Hadoop and R to further improve the efficiency of
enterprise users' shared resource utilization, improve the efficiency of system operation, and bring
enterprise users a higher level of user experience. First, we use Hadoop to extract the corporate shared
resources required by corporate users from the nearby resource storage computer room and
terminal equipment to increase the call rate, and use the R function attribute to convert the user’s search
results into linear correlations, according to the correlation The strong and weak principles are displayed
in order to improve the corresponding speed and experience. This article proposes feasible solutions to the
shortcomings in the current enterprise shared resource invocation. We can use public data sets to perform
personalized regression analysis on user needs, and optimize and integrate most relevant information.
Howdy!Take a look at this article and discover cool graduation thesis sample that we prepared for you. Get more here https://www.graduatethesis.org/graduate-thesis-sample/
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
call for paper 2012, hard copy of journal, research paper publishing, where to publish research paper,
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Structured data and metadata evaluation methodology for organizations looking...Emily Kolvitz
The current state of findability on the web for many organizations is incipient. Search Engine Optimization (SEO) techniques change frequently and remain much a mystery to many companies. The one variable in the equation of web findability that remains a staple is good quality metadata under the hood of the website.
This research methodology will allow for :
An assessment of findability maturity on the web from an image-centric viewpoint
Help improve findability on the web by establishing a baseline for where your organization is at in terms of structured data content and visualize gaps or areas for improvement from a search engine neutral perspective
A Federated Search Approach to Facilitate Systematic Literature Review in Sof...ijseajournal
To impact industry, researchers developing technologies in academia need to provide tangible evidence of
the advantages of using them. Nowadays, Systematic Literature Review (SLR) has become a prominent
methodology in evidence-based researches. Although adopting SLR in software engineering does not go far
in practice, it has been resulted in valuable researches and is going to be more common. However, digital
libraries and scientific databases as the best research resources do not provide enough mechanism for
SLRs especially in software engineering. On the other hand, any loss of data may change the SLR results
and leads to research bias. Accordingly, the search process and evidence collection in SLR is a critical
point. This paper provides some tips to enhance the SLR process. The main contribution of this work is
presenting a federated search tool which provides an automatic integrated search mechanism in wellknown Software Engineering databases. Results of case study show that this approach not only reduces
required time to do SLR and facilitate its search process, but also improves its reliability and results in the
increasing trend to use SLRs.
Kanta Nakamura, Kazushi Okamoto: Directed Graph-based Researcher Recommendation by Random Walk with Restart and Cosine Similarity, Joint 11th International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems and 21st International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent Systems(SCIS-ISIS2020), 2020.12
Access Lab 2020: Context aware unified institutional knowledge services: an open architecture for digital libraries to offer a seamless user journey to content
Alvet Miranda, senior manager or South/West Asia, Oceania and Africa, EBSCO
Semantic Search Engine using OntologiesIJRES Journal
Nowadays the volume of the information on the Web is increasing dramatically. Facilitating users to get useful information has become more and more important to information retrieval systems. While information retrieval technologies have been improved to some extent, users are not satisfied with the low precision and recall. With the emergence of the Semantic Web, this situation can be remarkably improved if machines could “understand” the content of web pages. The existing information retrieval technologies can be classified mainly into three classes.The traditional information retrieval technologies mostly based on the occurrence of words in documents. It is only limited to string matching. However, these technologies are of no use when a search is based on the meaning of words, rather than onwards themselves.Search engines limited to string matching and link analysis. The most widely used algorithms are the PageRank algorithm and the HITS algorithm. The PageRank algorithm is based on the number of other pages pointing to the Web page and the value of the pages pointing to it. Search engines like Google combine information retrieval techniques with PageRank. In contrast to the PageRank algorithm, the HITS algorithm employs a query dependent ranking technique. In addition to this, the HITS algorithm produces the authority and the hub score. The widespread availability of machine understandable information on the Semantic Web offers which some opportunities to improve traditional search. If machines could “understand” the content of web pages, searches with high precision and recall would be possible.
Developing and testing search engine algorithms –vonreventlow
Counterintuitive observations in optimizing search engine algorithms. Don't get fooled if your user satisfaction goes up - it might not be all good...
Topics covered include:
1. How to test end user satisfaction and dissatisfaction.
2. How do you optimize your search engine algorithms. Intuitive and counterintuitive learnings from optimizing. What is best? General purpose vs. specializing your search engine on focus areas? Optimizing search for each user vs. users grouped in cohorts? How relevant are individual wrong results in a list of good query results? What is the impact of usage scenarios, target devices & environment? ...
3. Resulting strategies
Classification-based Retrieval Methods to Enhance Information Discovery on th...IJMIT JOURNAL
The widespread adoption of the World-Wide Web (the Web) has created challenges both for society as a whole and for the technology used to build and maintain the Web. The ongoing struggle of information retrieval systems is to wade through this vast pile of data and satisfy users by presenting them with information that most adequately it’s their needs. On a societal level, the Web is expanding faster than we can comprehend its implications or develop rules for its use. The ubiquitous use of the Web has raised important social concerns in the areas of privacy, censorship, and access to information. On a technical level, the novelty of the Web and the pace of its growth have created challenges not only in the development of new applications that realize the power of the Web, but also in the technology needed to scale applications to accommodate the resulting large data sets and heavy loads. This thesis presents searching algorithms and hierarchical classification techniques for increasing a search service's understanding of web queries. Existing search services rely solely on a query's occurrence in the document collection to locate relevant documents. They typically do not perform any task or topic-based analysis of queries using other available resources, and do not leverage changes in user query patterns over time. Provided within are a set of techniques and metrics for performing temporal analysis on query logs. Our log analyses are shown to be reasonable and informative, and can be used to detect changing trends and patterns in the query stream, thus providing valuable data to a search service.
Howdy!Take a look at this article and discover cool graduation thesis sample that we prepared for you. Get more here https://www.graduatethesis.org/graduate-thesis-sample/
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
call for paper 2012, hard copy of journal, research paper publishing, where to publish research paper,
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Structured data and metadata evaluation methodology for organizations looking...Emily Kolvitz
The current state of findability on the web for many organizations is incipient. Search Engine Optimization (SEO) techniques change frequently and remain much a mystery to many companies. The one variable in the equation of web findability that remains a staple is good quality metadata under the hood of the website.
This research methodology will allow for :
An assessment of findability maturity on the web from an image-centric viewpoint
Help improve findability on the web by establishing a baseline for where your organization is at in terms of structured data content and visualize gaps or areas for improvement from a search engine neutral perspective
A Federated Search Approach to Facilitate Systematic Literature Review in Sof...ijseajournal
To impact industry, researchers developing technologies in academia need to provide tangible evidence of
the advantages of using them. Nowadays, Systematic Literature Review (SLR) has become a prominent
methodology in evidence-based researches. Although adopting SLR in software engineering does not go far
in practice, it has been resulted in valuable researches and is going to be more common. However, digital
libraries and scientific databases as the best research resources do not provide enough mechanism for
SLRs especially in software engineering. On the other hand, any loss of data may change the SLR results
and leads to research bias. Accordingly, the search process and evidence collection in SLR is a critical
point. This paper provides some tips to enhance the SLR process. The main contribution of this work is
presenting a federated search tool which provides an automatic integrated search mechanism in wellknown Software Engineering databases. Results of case study show that this approach not only reduces
required time to do SLR and facilitate its search process, but also improves its reliability and results in the
increasing trend to use SLRs.
Kanta Nakamura, Kazushi Okamoto: Directed Graph-based Researcher Recommendation by Random Walk with Restart and Cosine Similarity, Joint 11th International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems and 21st International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent Systems(SCIS-ISIS2020), 2020.12
Access Lab 2020: Context aware unified institutional knowledge services: an open architecture for digital libraries to offer a seamless user journey to content
Alvet Miranda, senior manager or South/West Asia, Oceania and Africa, EBSCO
Semantic Search Engine using OntologiesIJRES Journal
Nowadays the volume of the information on the Web is increasing dramatically. Facilitating users to get useful information has become more and more important to information retrieval systems. While information retrieval technologies have been improved to some extent, users are not satisfied with the low precision and recall. With the emergence of the Semantic Web, this situation can be remarkably improved if machines could “understand” the content of web pages. The existing information retrieval technologies can be classified mainly into three classes.The traditional information retrieval technologies mostly based on the occurrence of words in documents. It is only limited to string matching. However, these technologies are of no use when a search is based on the meaning of words, rather than onwards themselves.Search engines limited to string matching and link analysis. The most widely used algorithms are the PageRank algorithm and the HITS algorithm. The PageRank algorithm is based on the number of other pages pointing to the Web page and the value of the pages pointing to it. Search engines like Google combine information retrieval techniques with PageRank. In contrast to the PageRank algorithm, the HITS algorithm employs a query dependent ranking technique. In addition to this, the HITS algorithm produces the authority and the hub score. The widespread availability of machine understandable information on the Semantic Web offers which some opportunities to improve traditional search. If machines could “understand” the content of web pages, searches with high precision and recall would be possible.
Developing and testing search engine algorithms –vonreventlow
Counterintuitive observations in optimizing search engine algorithms. Don't get fooled if your user satisfaction goes up - it might not be all good...
Topics covered include:
1. How to test end user satisfaction and dissatisfaction.
2. How do you optimize your search engine algorithms. Intuitive and counterintuitive learnings from optimizing. What is best? General purpose vs. specializing your search engine on focus areas? Optimizing search for each user vs. users grouped in cohorts? How relevant are individual wrong results in a list of good query results? What is the impact of usage scenarios, target devices & environment? ...
3. Resulting strategies
Classification-based Retrieval Methods to Enhance Information Discovery on th...IJMIT JOURNAL
The widespread adoption of the World-Wide Web (the Web) has created challenges both for society as a whole and for the technology used to build and maintain the Web. The ongoing struggle of information retrieval systems is to wade through this vast pile of data and satisfy users by presenting them with information that most adequately it’s their needs. On a societal level, the Web is expanding faster than we can comprehend its implications or develop rules for its use. The ubiquitous use of the Web has raised important social concerns in the areas of privacy, censorship, and access to information. On a technical level, the novelty of the Web and the pace of its growth have created challenges not only in the development of new applications that realize the power of the Web, but also in the technology needed to scale applications to accommodate the resulting large data sets and heavy loads. This thesis presents searching algorithms and hierarchical classification techniques for increasing a search service's understanding of web queries. Existing search services rely solely on a query's occurrence in the document collection to locate relevant documents. They typically do not perform any task or topic-based analysis of queries using other available resources, and do not leverage changes in user query patterns over time. Provided within are a set of techniques and metrics for performing temporal analysis on query logs. Our log analyses are shown to be reasonable and informative, and can be used to detect changing trends and patterns in the query stream, thus providing valuable data to a search service.
`A Survey on approaches of Web Mining in Varied Areasinventionjournals
There has been lot of research in recent years for efficient web searching. Several papers have proposed algorithm for user feedback sessions, to evaluate the performance of inferring user search goals. When the information is retrieved, user clicks on a particular URL. Based on the click rate, ranking will be done automatically, clustering the feedback sessions. Web search engines have made enormous contributions to the web and society. They make finding information on the web quick and easy. However, they are far from optimal. A major deficiency of generic search engines is that they follow the ‘‘one size fits all’’ model and are not adaptable to individual users.
A New Algorithm for Inferring User Search Goals with Feedback SessionsIJERA Editor
When different users may have different search goals when they submit it to a search engine. The inference and analysis of user search goals can be very useful in improving search engine relevance and user experience. The Novel approach to infer user search goals by analyzing search engine query logs. Once the User entered the query, the Resultant URLs will be filtered and the Pseudo-Documents are generated. Once the Pseudo documents are generated the Server will apply the Clustering Mechanism to URL’s. So that the URLs are listed as different categories. Feedback sessions are constructed from user click-through logs and can efficiently reflect the information needs of user. Second, we propose a novel approach to generate pseudo documents to better represents the feedback sessions for clustering. Finally we proposed new criterion “Classified Average Precision (CAP)” to evaluate the performance of inferring user search goals. Experimental results are presented using user click-through logs from a commercial search engine to validate the effectiveness of our proposed methods. Third, the distributions of user search goals can also be useful in applications such as re ranking web search results that contain different user search goals.
Research on Document Indexing in the Search Engines. The main theme of Informational retrieval is to send the exact response of a user for specific Query.
The information search retrieval is a very big process, to achieve this concept we need to develop an application with more effect and we have to use techniques like Document indexing, page ranking, clustering technique. Among all of these Document index is plays avital role while searching why since instead of searching hundreds of thousands of documents it will directly go to the particular index and will give the output here. Here our achievement mainly is indexing, the clear meaning of the indexing is storing an index is to optimize speed and performance in finding the appropriate/corresponding document for the user searched query.
My conclusion is the context based index approach is used in the query retrieval, this is mainly from the source document. Instead of searching every page on server, finding technically is better. Due to this we can save our time, we can reduce the burden of server.
Research Report on Document Indexing-Nithish KumarNithish Kumar
Research on Document Indexing in the Search Engines. The main theme of Informational retrieval is to send the exact response of a user for specific Query.
The information search retrieval is a very big process, to achieve this concept we need to develop an application with more effect and we have to use techniques like Document indexing, page ranking, clustering technique. Among all of these Document index is plays avital role while searching why since instead of searching hundreds of thousands of documents it will directly go to the particular index and will give the output here. Here our achievement mainly is indexing, the clear meaning of the indexing is storing an index is to optimize speed and performance in finding the appropriate/corresponding document for the user searched query.
My conclusion is the context based index approach is used in the query retrieval, this is mainly from the source document. Instead of searching every page on server, finding technically is better. Due to this we can save our time, we can reduce the burden of server.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and TechnologyImprov...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Performance Evaluation of Query Processing Techniques in Information Retrievalidescitation
The first element of the search process is the query.
The user query being on an average restricted to two or three
keywords makes the query ambiguous to the search engine.
Given the user query, the goal of an Information Retrieval
[IR] system is to retrieve information which might be useful
or relevant to the information need of the user. Hence, the
query processing plays an important role in IR system.
The query processing can be divided into four categories
i.e. query expansion, query optimization, query classification and
query parsing. In this paper an attempt is made to evaluate the
performance of query processing algorithms in each of the
category. The evaluation was based on dataset as specified by
Forum for Information Retrieval [FIRE15]. The criteria used
for evaluation are precision and relative recall. The analysis is
based on the importance of each step in query processing. The
experimental results show that the significance of each step
in query processing and also the relevance of web semantics
and spelling correction in the user query.
Classifying web users in a personalised search setup is cumbersome due the very nature of dynamism in
user browsing history. This fluctuating nature of user behaviour and user interest shall be well interpreted
within a fuzzy setting. Prior to analysing user behaviour, nature of user interests has to be collected. This
work proposes a fuzzy based user classification model to suit a personalised web search environment. The
user browsing data is collected using an established customised browser designed to suit personalisation.
The data are fuzzified and fuzzy rules are generated by applying decision trees. Using fuzzy rules, the
search pages are labelled to aid grouping of user search interests. Evaluation of the proposed approach
proves to be better when compared with Bayesian classifier.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
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2. 5 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
P.Adithya Siva Shankar and Ch.Venkateswara Rao : Analyzing the Time Complexity of user Search Criteria with respect to
log Sectors
Inquiry log or client look history incorporates
clients' beforehand submitted questions and their
comparing clicked reports or destinations' URLs. In
[2], Baeza-Yates et al. express that the
fundamental test is the plan of substantial scale
conveyed frameworks that fulfill the client desires,
in which questions utilize assets effectively,
subsequently diminishing the cost per inquiry. In
this way the difficulties of web crawlers are, the
nature of returned comes about and the speed with
which comes about are returned. From client look
histories, the log investigator can separate the
client inclinations, clicked reports, submitted
inquiries and so on. The log mining is an essential
technique to gather information which
demonstrates clients' inclinations, needs, late
patterns, most went by locales, most looked
inquiries, area inclinations in seek things, content
inclinations and so on. This is likewise called
breaking down clickthrough information. Inquiries
contain not very many terms, as a rule a few terms
and this low number of terms is a test for
conceiving most precise outcomes for the
submitted client inquiry. Additionally the question
words can be equivocal terms and this influences
the circumstance more to intensify. Beforehand
submitted inquiries speak to an essential mean for
upgrading adequacy of hunt frameworks, since
question logs monitor data with respect to
connection amongst clients and the web crawler
[1]. Inquiry session is a period committed to the
pursuit motivations behind a specific data require
with a succession of questions. These inquiry
sessions can be utilized to define run of the mill
question designs and to empower propelled
question handling systems. In the inquiry log
mining procedure each and every sort of client
action is watched and abusing to enhance the
pursuit adequacy. Any of the strategies which are
utilized to enhance the web crawler proficiency is
for the most part known as site design
improvement systems and a portion of the cases
are question recommendation, inquiry extension,
question spelling remedy and query output
reranking [3]. In this paper, we introduced the
proposition of a proficient technique for
characterizing client seek histories. The real
commitments of this paper are, gives a strategy to
investigate the inquiry history and perform
question order in a computerized and dynamic
form. We consider an inquiry amass as an
accumulation of inquiries together with the
relating set of clicked URLs around a general data
look. Each gathering will be powerfully refreshed
when the client issues new inquiries and new
inquiry gatherings will be made after some time.
The proposed technique uses the word closeness
measures and record comparability measures to
frame the consolidated likeness measure alongside
the other question significance ideas, for example,
inquiry reformulations [4] and clicked URL ideas.
The related works are depicted in Section 2. The
proposed strategy is exhibited in Section 3. Area 4
presents examination of the proposed technique
and the correlation with existing frameworks.
Conclusion is exhibited in Section 5.
II. RELATED WORK
Now, the current web seek requires propelled
applications like personalization, area mindful
query items, and inclination based outcomes and
so on. The principle utilizations of inquiry
bunching incorporate personalization, question
proposals, question changes, and question spelling
revision and so on. In this paper the terms bunch
and gathering are considered as same. A portion of
the question grouping methods are the
accompanying, Graph based Query Clustering [5],
Concept based Query Clustering [6], and
Personalized Concept based Query Clustering [6].
Baeza Yates et al. [7], proposed an inquiry
bunching technique that gatherings comparative
inquiries as indicated by their semantics.
Beeferman et al. [5], presented the strategy of
mining an accumulation of client exchanges with a
web crawler to find groups of comparable inquiries
and comparative URLs. The data abused is the
clickthrough information, which contains client
submitted inquiries and the points of interest of
client clicked reports from the internet searcher
offered comes about. By review this informational
collection as a bipartite chart with the vertices on
one side comparing to questions and on the
opposite side to URLs, one can apply the
agglomerative bunching calculation to the
diagram's vertices to recognize related inquiries
and URLs [5]. One prominent element of this
calculation is that it is content insensible [5]. That
implies the calculation makes no utilization of the
real substance of the inquiries or URLs, however
just how they co-happen inside the clickthrough
information [5]. The weakness of this calculation is
high-computational cost, in view of the reiteration
of expansive number of question gather
examinations for each new inquiry. Additionally
this strategy accept clients' will tap on the list items
just in the event that they are profoundly
significant to submitted inquiries. In any case, this
3. 6 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
P.Adithya Siva Shankar and Ch.Venkateswara Rao : Analyzing the Time Complexity of user Search Criteria with respect to
log Sectors
presumption will fall flat when the client tap on
other intrigued comes about because of the
returned comes about. In the idea based inquiry
grouping [6], bunching is performed in light of
ideas removed from look log. These ideas can be
content ideas or area ideas. For instance, the
inquiry "inns in Chennai" has the substance idea
as "lodging" and the area idea as "Chennai". This
procedure is like agglomerative grouping
calculation where ideas are on one vertex rather
than all clicked urls. In this approach, first
developed an inquiry idea bipartite diagram, in
which one side of the vertices relating to novel
questions, and the another side to interesting ideas
[6]. On the off chance that the client tapped on one
item, at that point ideas showing up in the
websnippet of the output are connected to the
relating inquiry on the bipartite chart [6]. Leung et
al. [6] presented a powerful approach that catches
the client's reasonable inclinations keeping in
mind the end goal to give customized inquiry
proposals. They proposed this technique with two
new procedures. To begin with, they built up an
online strategy that concentrate ideas from the web
bits of the output returned for a question and
afterward utilized those ideas to recognize related
inquiries for that inquiry. In the second step, two
stage customized agglomerative grouping
calculation is utilized [6]. In [8] depicted the issue
of finding question groups from the navigate
diagram of web seek logs. The chart comprises of
an arrangement of web seek questions, an
arrangement of pages chose for the inquiries, and
an arrangement of coordinated edges that
associate an inquiry hub and a page hub clicked by
a client for the inquiry [8]. This strategy [8]
extricates all maximal bipartite factions (bicliques)
from a navigate diagram and registers an equality
set of questions (i.e., an inquiry group) from the
maximal bicliques. A group of questions is framed
from the inquiries in a biclique. Here [8] composed
an inquiry grouping technique that considers the
question and clicked page relationship, not
considering syntactic or semantic highlights on the
question, for example, catchphrases. The inquiry
and navigate page connections are spoken to by a
coordinated bipartite diagram that comprises of an
arrangement of inquiries, an arrangement of site
page URLs, and an arrangement of edges that
interface a question hub to a page hub in the chart.
The proposed question bunching technique in [8]
includes maximal biclique identification issue. In
[9] exhibited a grouping approach in view of a key
knowledge that web index results may themselves
be utilized to recognize question similitude.
Enhancing Automatic Query Classification
through Semi-directed Learning [10] is a case of the
arrangement procedure which used the learning
ideas. III. PROPOSED METHOD FOR QUERY
GROUPING We proposed a strategy to examine
client look history and perform client question
characterization in a robotized and dynamic mold.
We consider a question aggregate as a gathering of
inquiries together with the comparing set of clicked
URLs around a general data look. Each gathering
will be powerfully refreshed when the client issues
new inquiries and new inquiry gatherings will be
made after some time. An inquiry gathering can be
characterized as an accumulation of questions
together with the comparing set of client went by
locales. Let ui is a client submitted inquiry and
(clk11,..,clk1n) as the comparing set of client went
by destinations, at that point a question gather is
indicated as G = { ( u1, (clk11,..,clk1n) ),...,( uk,
(clkk1,..,clkkn) ) } . A. Case for question gathering
For epitomizing the objective of this work, we have
appeared in Table I client inquiry sessions of
genuine clients on the Google web crawler over
some undefined time frame, and in Table II, Table
III, and Table IV the normal arrangement of inquiry
bunches are appeared. Table II demonstrates the
primary question amass which incorporates every
one of the inquiries that are identified with football.
The other two tables, Table III and Table IV,
demonstrates inquiry gatherings, individually,
relate to cell phones, and Email administrations.
The Query Group 1 is conformed to the client's
data mission to think about football and football
world container. Next, Query Group 2 is framed by
client's enthusiasm to spot cell phones and his
inclinations for organizations, cost, and about
survey. Question Group 3 is framed with inquiries
of Gmail account, Gmail sign
Number Query Text
1 Football
2 World cup live 2014
3 Xolo phone review
4 Gmail account
5 Gmail sign in
6 n 6 Xolo mobile
7 Brazil world cup
semifinal teams
8 Fifa world cup
9 Nokia lumia price
range
10 Email services
11 Nokia lumia
12 Gmail
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P.Adithya Siva Shankar and Ch.Venkateswara Rao : Analyzing the Time Complexity of user Search Criteria with respect to
log Sectors
13 Mobile phones
14 Football world cup
TABLE II QUERY GROUP 1
Number Query Text
1 Football
2 World cup live 2014
3 Brazil world cup semifinal
teams
4 Fifa world cup
5 Football world cup
in, Email administrations, and Gmail. This case is
given to plainly clarify the undertaking of question
gathering. This characterization of client seek
histories into various gatherings is a requesting
work as a result of specific reasons like
equivocalness in question terms, polysemy, length
of the inquiry errand and so on. The work is
additionally muddled by the interleaving of
questions and snaps from various inquiry errands
because of clients' multitasking [11], opening
numerous program tabs, and every now and again
changing pursuit themes. B. Dynamic Query
Grouping Algorithm
The algorithm for deciding the best matching
query group is given below.
Algorithm: Select Best Group
Input:
1The current query and the set of clicks as a
singleton query group, gc.
2. The set of already formed query groups, G = { g1,
g2,..., gn }
3. Similarity threshold value, Tsim.
Output:
The query group, g, that best matches the current
singleton query group or a new query group.
Step 1. g = φ
Step 2. Tobt = Tsim
Step 3. while i > 0
Step 4. if sim( gc, gi ) > Tobt then
Step 5. g = gi
Step 6. Tobt = sim ( gc, gi )
Step 7. if g = φ then
Step 8. G = G gc
Step 9. g = gc
Step 10. Return g
TABLE III QUERY GROUP 2
Number Query Text
1 Xolo phone review
2 Xolo mobile
3 Nokia lumia price range
4 Nokia lumia
5 Mobile phones
TABLE IV QUERY GROUP 3
Number Query Text
1 Gmail account
2 Gmail sign in
3 Email services
4 Gmail
Contributions to dynamic inquiry gathering
calculation are present singleton question
gathering and the relating set of snaps, set of
existing question gatherings, and the closeness
limit. Yield of the dynamic gathering calculation is
an inquiry aggregate that best matches the present
singleton question gathering or another question
gathering. In our approach, at in the first place, we
shape a singleton inquiry gather by putting the
present question and the arrangement of snaps. At
that point this singleton inquiry aggregate is
contrasted and as of now framed question
gatherings of client seek log. For the present
singleton inquiry amass we decide whether there
exist question bunches acceptably identified with
current question gathering. In the event that such
gatherings exist at that point blend this present
inquiry gathering to a current question amass
which has the most noteworthy likeness esteem
among all the current gatherings. In the event that
there is no inquiry assemble having the
comparability esteem more noteworthy than edge
esteem then the present question bunch is
considered as another inquiry gathering. At that
point this recently shaped inquiry gathering will be
added to the aggregate arrangement of question
gatherings.
C. Query Relevance Measures
1. A proper importance measure is expected to
ensure the precision and fulfillment of
questions in an inquiry bunch about the data
looked. While contrasting the present singleton
inquiry gathering and the current question
gatherings, this pertinence measure is utilized
to compute the limit closeness between the over
two. Certain measures are there to decide the
significance between current inquiry gathering
and the current question gatherings. A portion
of the pertinence measurements are laid out
underneath. Consider the present question
amass as Gc and the current inquiry assemble
as Gi.
Time: It is accepted that Gc and Gi are somehow
related if the inquiries seem near each other in time
in the client's history. One presumption about time
and pertinence between inquiries is that clients by
and large issue fundamentally the same as
5. 8 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
P.Adithya Siva Shankar and Ch.Venkateswara Rao : Analyzing the Time Complexity of user Search Criteria with respect to
log Sectors
questions and snaps inside a brief timeframe. Time
based importance metric is characterized in view of
this suspicion. Time likeness metric, simt(Gc, Gi)
can be characterized as the reverse of the time hole
between the circumstances that a question qc and
qi are issued.
Content: Based on content closeness of the terms
in questions we may devise inquiry significance
measures. Printed likeness between two
arrangements of words can be measured by
measurements, for example, the division of
covering words (Jaccard similitude [12]) or
characters (Levenshtein closeness [13]). Definition:
Jaccard Similarity: simjaccard(Gc, Gi) is
characterized as the division of normal words
amongst qc and qi as folows:
simjaccard(Gc, Gi) =
words (qc) words (qi)
words (qc) words (qi)
[12] (1)
Definition: Levenshtein Similarity: simedit(Gc, Gi)
is de-fined as 1-distedit(qc, qi). The alter remove
distedit is the quantity of character additions,
erasures, or substitutions required to change one
grouping of characters into another, standardized
by the length of the more drawn out character
sequence[13]. Content likeness can be ascertained
utilizing diverse strategies, for example, string
coordinating including commmon words inquiries
and so on. In our approach we influenced a
numerical model to acquire content likeness to
quantify in light of normal words in the questions
and we call this measure as word similitude metric.
Word Similarity: Word likeness is figured utilizing
the connection 2 given underneath;
Wsim =
CW (Gc,Gi)
max (W(Gc),W(Gi))
(2)
2. In the condition, CW(Gc, Gi) figures number of
normal question words in both inquiry
gatherings, current inquiry gathering and
existing inquiry gathering. W(Gc) gives number
of inquiry words in current singleton question
gathering and W(Gi) gives number of question
words in the current inquiry gathering. This
condition is utilized for registering word
closeness in the proposed technique. Content
based and time based pertinence measures are
a few cases for finding the significance between
question gatherings. They work fine in a few
conditions and may not in some different cases.
In the suspicion of time based metric one
question is constantly trailed by one related
inquiry. Yet, this presumption falls flat when
the client is multitasking and every broad case
unless for a long data journey. Content based
measures are utilized to get the connection
between the questions in view of the inquiry
message just and this fizzles if the terms are
vague. So the need to get a pertinence measure
that is sufficiently solid to assemble related
inquiries together is extremely testing. Here
comes the significance of examining client seek
histories. The inquiry history of countless
contains signals in regards to question
importance, for example, which inquiries have
a tendency to be issued firmly together we call
them as question reformulations and which
inquiries tend to prompt taps on comparative
URLs (inquiry clicks).
3. Cross References: Let R(p) and R(q) be the set of
results the search engine presents to the user
as search results for the queries p and q
respectively. The result set that users clicked
on for the queries p and q may be seen as
follows:
Rc(p) = {rp1, rp2,..., rpi} ⊆ R(p) and Rc(q) = {rq1,
rq2,..., rqi} ⊆ R(q).
Similarity based on cross-references follows this
principle: If Rc(p) ∩ Rc(q) = Φ, then the common
results represent the common topics of queries p
and q. Therefore, the similarity between the queries
p and q is determined by Rc(p) ∩ Rc(q). This
principle is also known as Co-Retrieval.
Co-Retrieval concept is based on the principle that
a pair of queries is similar if they tend to retrieve
similar pages on a search engine. Co-Retrieval: The
co-retrieval frequency is obtained using the
relation 3 given below
Dsim =
CU(Gc,Gi)
max (U(Gc),U(Gi))
(3)
In the proposed document similarity model 3,
CU(Gc, Gi) represents the list of sites visited in
common for queries in both groups. CU(Gc, Gi)
here indicates the number of common URLs
present in both groups. U(Gc) and U(Gi) represent
the total number of user clicked URLs present in
current singleton query group and the existing
query group with which the relevance is calculated.
Thus we obtained document similarity metric
based on the co-retrieval concept
4. Query Reformulations: Users every now and
again adjust a past pursuit question in any
expectation of recovering better outcomes [4].
These adjustments are called question
reformulations or inquiry refinements. Existing
exploration has contemplated how web indexes
can propose reformulations, however has given
less thoughtfulness regarding how individuals
perform inquiry reformulations [4]. For each
inquiry combine qi and qj , where qi is issued
6. 9 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
P.Adithya Siva Shankar and Ch.Venkateswara Rao : Analyzing the Time Complexity of user Search Criteria with respect to
log Sectors
before qj inside a clients day of movement, we
tally the quantity of such events over all clients
every day exercises in the question logs,
indicated with tally [4]. Expecting occasional
inquiry sets are bad reformulations of each
other, we sift through rare matches and
incorporate just the question combines whose
tallies surpass an edge esteem [4]. The
examinations and analyses prompted the
determination of a consolidated similitude
metric which utilized content likeness or word
comparability measures and additionally cross
references. The conditions are acquired from
tests directed by investigating two months seek
histories by various clients. Numerical
conditions are demonstrated for acquiring word
closeness and record similitude. Word
similitude tells how much the question words
are connected while report comparability
utilizes the co-recovery idea. Consolidated
Similarity Measure: The joined comparability
measure is acquired utilizing the connection 4
given beneath. The estimations of an, and b are
set by exploratory assessment. The estimation
of Scomb is utilized as the relavance edge for
the dynamic question gathering algorithm.4.
Query Reformulations: Users often adjust a
past hunt inquiry in any expectation of
recovering better outcomes [4]. These
adjustments are called question reformulations
or inquiry refinements. Existing examination
has contemplated how web indexes can
propose reformulations, yet has given less
consideration regarding how individuals
perform question reformulations [4]. For each
question combine qi and qj , where qi is issued
before qj inside a clients day of action, we tally
the quantity of such events over all clients
every day exercises in the inquiry logs, meant
with check [4]. Expecting rare question sets are
bad reformulations of each other, we sift
through occasional combines and incorporate
just the inquiry matches whose tallies surpass
an edge esteem [4]. The examinations and trials
prompted the choice of a consolidated
closeness metric which utilized content
comparability or word likeness measures and
in addition cross references. The conditions are
gotten from tests led by dissecting two months
look histories by changed clients. Scientific
conditions are displayed for getting word
similitude and record likeness. Word similitude
tells how much the inquiry words are
connected while archive closeness utilizes the
co-recovery idea. Joined Similarity Measure:
The consolidated comparability measure is
acquired utilizing the connection 4 given
beneath. The estimations of an, and b are set
by exploratory assessment. The estimation of
Scomb is utilized as the relavance limit for the
dynamic question gathering calculation.
Scomb =
(a ∗ Wsim + b ∗ Dsim )
(a + b)
(4)
In this query grouping approach we considered
user clicked documents only. User clicked
documents in our context represents the user
visited sites or web pages which are returned as the
results of submitted user query. Therefore,
documents in our method indicate user clicked or
visited sites. To identify the user visited sites we
save clicked sites’ URLs. And the document
similarity relevance measures are obtained based
on these URLs.
III. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
This area gives exact confirmations to how
unique comparability capacities influence the
question bunching comes about. The fundamental
difficulties in doing research with question logs, is
that inquiry logs, themselves, are exceptionally
hard to get [14]. The absence of informational
indexes and all around characterized
measurements makes the exchange more
confidence situated than logical arranged [14].
Additionally, the methods we survey are either
tried on a little arrangement of information, for the
most part by a gathering of homogeneous
individuals, or measurements are tried on some
kind of human-clarified test beds [15]. Thus, we
put more concentrate on contrasting the viability of
various techniques on a same arrangement of
information with human commented on test
informational collection. For this work of
examining and gathering look histories we
gathered client logs from the database. To direct
assessments, haphazardly picked inquiry sessions
from the database.
We tried the gathering adequacy of the three
techniques, word similitude based strategy, report
comparability based technique, and the proposed
strategy, on the arbitrarily chose test informational
index. Proposed strategy is consolidating word
closeness approach and archive similitude ideas.
The record similitude in inquiry log setting
demonstrates the URLs. Here we have URLs of
went by locales and we consider them as
7. 10 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
P.Adithya Siva Shankar and Ch.Venkateswara Rao : Analyzing the Time Complexity of user Search Criteria with respect to
log Sectors
comparable to reports. The execution of the
framework is measured regarding importance
between inquiry URL matches in a gathering. For
testing the viability of proposed strategy, the test
informational index is physically assembled. The
proposed technique is then contrasted and the
human labelers' physically made gatherings and
we expected that the rightness of the physically
made gatherings as one. At that point these
gatherings are contrasted and manual gatherings.
We expect that physically set gatherings have all
measures as great. The Precision, Recall and
F-Measure esteems [16] for physically set
gatherings are considered as 1. Every one of the
qualities for three distinct techniques are gotten by
contrasting and the physically set gatherings. The
exactness, review and F-measure esteems are
figured for word closeness technique, report
similitude strategy and proposed technique. The
table and charts are utilized for demonstrating the
adequacy of the proposed strategy contrasted with
the other two techniques. The exactness, review,
and F-measure esteems give verification for the
enhanced productivity of the proposed strategy.
The execution is measured utilizing three
measurements, exactness, review, and F-measure
[16]. Accuracy is considered as a measure of
precision or devotion, while review is a measure of
culmination. Next, F-Measure used to join the
exactness and review measures. The conditions
utilized for acquiring these measures are given
underneath;
P recision =
T P
T P + F P
[16]
Recall =
T P
T P + F P
F − Measure =
2 ∗ P recision ∗ Recall
P recision + Recall
[16]
TP is genuine positive, FP is false positive, and FN
is false negative. In this inquiry gathering
assessment setting, TP is figured by watching
number of pertinent question URL sets recovered.
FP is the quantity of unessential sets recovered in
an inquiry gathering. FN is the quantity of
pertinent sets discarded in a gathering. Exactness
is figured as the part of genuine positives to the
aggregate of genuine positives and false positives.
Review is figured as the division of genuine
positives to the aggregate of genuine positives and
false negatives. The exactness and review esteems
for each gathering are figured, and after that the
normal esteems for the same are gotten.
Consonant mean of accuracy and review is meant
as F-measure. The condition for F-measure is
likewise given.
The table underneath demonstrates the diverse
esteems acquired in various measures. Exactness
of word similitude, archive closeness and proposed
strategies are 0.9525, 0.9466, and 0.9766
individually. The accuracy is higher for proposed
technique. Reviews for three techniques got are
0.7233, 0.55, 0.7567, for word closeness, archive
comparability, and proposed strategy individually.
Proposed strategy has the most astounding review
esteem. F-Measure is additionally computed. The
qualities are 0.822, 0.701, and 0.8543 for word
closeness strategy, record comparability
technique, and for proposed strategy. F-measure
esteem is more prominent for proposed and next
higher esteem got for word comparability based
technique. These qualities are gotten for
haphazardly chosen question sessions, regarding
the physically made gatherings.
TABLE V
PRECISION, RECALL,& F-MEASURE VALUES OF THREE
KINDS OF METHODS
Methods Precision Recall F-Measure
Word Sim 0.9525 0.7233 0.822
Doc Sim 0.9466 0.55 0.701
Proposed 0.9766 0.7567 0.8543
The bar charts are used to show how the proposed
method outperforms the other methods.
Fig. 1. Precision of three kinds of methods
IV. CONCLUSION
This research endeavors to provide an efficient
query grouping algorithm by considering the
importance of multiple query relevance measures
other than the approaches of using one relevance
measure which is made use in existing methods.
8. P.Adithya Siva Shankar and Ch.Venkateswara Rao : Analyzing the Time Complexity of user Search Criteria with respect to
log Sectors
11 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
P.Adithya Siva Shankar and Ch.Venkateswara Rao : Analyzing the Time Complexity of user Search Criteria with respect to
log Sectors
Fig. 2. Recall of three kinds of methods
Fig. 3. F-Measure of three kinds of methods
The proposed technique attempted to gather
client seek histories into related gatherings with no
disappointment in guaranteeing more precision.
Programmed and dynamic gathering is required for
the greater part of the applications and operations
performed on the web internet searcher. The
diverse question importance measurements
utilized as a part of the proposed strategy
incorporate word similitude measures, clicked URL
idea, inquiry reformulation idea, and archive
comparability measures. Trial assessments
demonstrate the exactness, review, and F-measure
estimations of proposed technique alongside the
current strategies and uncover the proposed
strategy beats existing strategies. This paper
focused on the characterization of questions in a
programmed and dynamic form and endeavoured
to comprehend and investigate the utility of the
data picked up from these inquiry bunches in an
assortment of web applications. After the order of
inquiries, these inquiry gatherings can be utilized.
for result re-ranking, query suggestion, query
alteration and other result optimization techniques
on the web search engine as the future work.
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P.Adithya Siva Shankar is currently
Pursuing his M.Tech in Computer Science and
Technology,Department of Computer Science and
Engineering, Sanketika Vidya Parishad Engineering
College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh ,India.
Ch.Venkateswara Rao is working as
Assistant Professor,Department of Computer Science
and Engineering, Sanketika Vidya Parishad Engineering
College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.