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Slide 12009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.
Energy Efficient Communications Solutions for NomadicEnergy Efficient Communications Solutions for Nomadic
NodesNodes
Within a Wireless Sensor NetworksWithin a Wireless Sensor Networks
Luca Bencini, Francesco Chiti, Giovanni Collodi, Davide Di Palma,
Romano Fantacci, Antonio Manes, Gianfranco Manes
Department of Electronics and Telecommunications – University of Florence
Slide 22009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.
OUTLINEOUTLINE
• Introduction
• Application area
• System Requirement
• Mobile Directive Synchronous Transmission Asynchronous
Reception Protocol
• Proposed MAC Protocol
• State Diagram
• Discovery phase
• Regime phase
• Performance Analysis
• Relative lifetime gain
• Collision probability
• Latency
• Conclusion and future development
Slide 32009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.
APPLICATION AREAAPPLICATION AREA
• habitat monitoring
• healthcare applications
• home automation
• traffic control
• robot applications (DustBot)
nomadic Wireless Sensor
Network application areas
Slide 42009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTSYSTEM REQUIREMENT
• low power consumption
• low latency
• low collision probability
• good synchronization between nodes and
nomadic nodes
cross-layer protocol
MD-STAR
Slide 52009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.
Mobile Directive Synchronous Transmission Asynchronous Reception Protocol
MD-STAR protocol:
• is a novel cross-layer protocol
• allows the managements of smart antennas
• takes into the account the antenna capabilities (directivity)
• allows achievement of space-time synchronization for mobile nodes
in mesh topology networks
MD-STAR PROTOCOLMD-STAR PROTOCOL
Slide 62009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.
STATE DIAGRAMSTATE DIAGRAM
INIT
OFF
DISCOVER
Y
REGIME
Switch on
fdf Nn <
fdf Nn = sNremptysecto =
lowbatterybattery _<
lowbatterybattery _<
sNremptysecto =≤1
Slide 72009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.
DISCOVERY PHASEDISCOVERY PHASE
init
off
discove
y
regime
Switch on
fdf Nn <
fdf Nn = sNremptysecto =
lowbatterybattery _<
lowbatterybattery _<
sNremptysecto =≤1
time
fupset TT 2≥−
slf TTT += slf TTT +=
2
4
5
3 2
4 1
ID-node phase secto
r
2 T-phase 3
ID-node phase secto
r
2 T-phase 3
3
ID-node phase secto
r
2 T-phase 4
Slide 82009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.
REGIME PHASEREGIME PHASE
init
off
discove
y
regime
Switch on
fdf Nn <
fdf Nn = sNremptysecto =
lowbatterybattery _<
lowbatterybattery _<
sNremptysecto =≤1
time
fT
lT
fT
lTsT sT
4
2
3
5
ID-node phase secto
r
4 T-phase 3
1
23
42
3 2
4 1
ID-node phase secto
r
2 T-phase 2
ID-node phase secto
r
2 T-phase 2
ID-node phase secto
r
2 T-phase 2
Slide 92009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.
Rate 250 Kbps
Number of nodes [10, 15, …., 50]
Number of angular
sector
[1, 2, 4, 6, 8]
Monitored area 25 m x 25 m
Velocity of mobile node [4,1 : 5,1] m/s
PERFORMANCE ANALYSISPERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
• mobility model: Random Waypoint
Model (RWM)
• antenna model: ideal Switched Beam
antenna
Parameter considered to evaluate the performance of MD-STAR:
• relative lifetime gain
• collision probability
• latency
Slide 102009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.
RELATIVE LIFETIME GAINRELATIVE LIFETIME GAIN
Slide 112009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.
COLLISION PROBABILITYCOLLISION PROBABILITY
Slide 122009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.
LATENCYLATENCY
Slide 132009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.
CONCLUSION AND FUTURECONCLUSION AND FUTURE
DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT
CONCLUSION:
• MD-STAR protocol is suitable for the management of mesh
topology networks in presence of nomadic nodes.
• MD-STAR protocol satisfies the system requirement of low
power consumption, low latency and low collision probability.
FUTURE DEVELOPMENT:
• modify MD-STAR algorithm to manage mobile nodes using a
phased array antenna model.

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Energy Efficient Communications Solutions for Nomadic Nodes within a Wireless Sensor Networks

  • 1. Slide 12009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA. Energy Efficient Communications Solutions for NomadicEnergy Efficient Communications Solutions for Nomadic NodesNodes Within a Wireless Sensor NetworksWithin a Wireless Sensor Networks Luca Bencini, Francesco Chiti, Giovanni Collodi, Davide Di Palma, Romano Fantacci, Antonio Manes, Gianfranco Manes Department of Electronics and Telecommunications – University of Florence
  • 2. Slide 22009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA. OUTLINEOUTLINE • Introduction • Application area • System Requirement • Mobile Directive Synchronous Transmission Asynchronous Reception Protocol • Proposed MAC Protocol • State Diagram • Discovery phase • Regime phase • Performance Analysis • Relative lifetime gain • Collision probability • Latency • Conclusion and future development
  • 3. Slide 32009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA. APPLICATION AREAAPPLICATION AREA • habitat monitoring • healthcare applications • home automation • traffic control • robot applications (DustBot) nomadic Wireless Sensor Network application areas
  • 4. Slide 42009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTSYSTEM REQUIREMENT • low power consumption • low latency • low collision probability • good synchronization between nodes and nomadic nodes cross-layer protocol MD-STAR
  • 5. Slide 52009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA. Mobile Directive Synchronous Transmission Asynchronous Reception Protocol MD-STAR protocol: • is a novel cross-layer protocol • allows the managements of smart antennas • takes into the account the antenna capabilities (directivity) • allows achievement of space-time synchronization for mobile nodes in mesh topology networks MD-STAR PROTOCOLMD-STAR PROTOCOL
  • 6. Slide 62009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA. STATE DIAGRAMSTATE DIAGRAM INIT OFF DISCOVER Y REGIME Switch on fdf Nn < fdf Nn = sNremptysecto = lowbatterybattery _< lowbatterybattery _< sNremptysecto =≤1
  • 7. Slide 72009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA. DISCOVERY PHASEDISCOVERY PHASE init off discove y regime Switch on fdf Nn < fdf Nn = sNremptysecto = lowbatterybattery _< lowbatterybattery _< sNremptysecto =≤1 time fupset TT 2≥− slf TTT += slf TTT += 2 4 5 3 2 4 1 ID-node phase secto r 2 T-phase 3 ID-node phase secto r 2 T-phase 3 3 ID-node phase secto r 2 T-phase 4
  • 8. Slide 82009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA. REGIME PHASEREGIME PHASE init off discove y regime Switch on fdf Nn < fdf Nn = sNremptysecto = lowbatterybattery _< lowbatterybattery _< sNremptysecto =≤1 time fT lT fT lTsT sT 4 2 3 5 ID-node phase secto r 4 T-phase 3 1 23 42 3 2 4 1 ID-node phase secto r 2 T-phase 2 ID-node phase secto r 2 T-phase 2 ID-node phase secto r 2 T-phase 2
  • 9. Slide 92009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA. Rate 250 Kbps Number of nodes [10, 15, …., 50] Number of angular sector [1, 2, 4, 6, 8] Monitored area 25 m x 25 m Velocity of mobile node [4,1 : 5,1] m/s PERFORMANCE ANALYSISPERFORMANCE ANALYSIS • mobility model: Random Waypoint Model (RWM) • antenna model: ideal Switched Beam antenna Parameter considered to evaluate the performance of MD-STAR: • relative lifetime gain • collision probability • latency
  • 10. Slide 102009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA. RELATIVE LIFETIME GAINRELATIVE LIFETIME GAIN
  • 11. Slide 112009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA. COLLISION PROBABILITYCOLLISION PROBABILITY
  • 12. Slide 122009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA. LATENCYLATENCY
  • 13. Slide 132009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA.2009 Radio & Wireless Symposium, San Diego, CA. CONCLUSION AND FUTURECONCLUSION AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT CONCLUSION: • MD-STAR protocol is suitable for the management of mesh topology networks in presence of nomadic nodes. • MD-STAR protocol satisfies the system requirement of low power consumption, low latency and low collision probability. FUTURE DEVELOPMENT: • modify MD-STAR algorithm to manage mobile nodes using a phased array antenna model.