The document discusses the structure of oxides. It describes chemical formulas and how they indicate the elements present, their relative ratios, and molecular mass. Examples of ionic formulas like K2O and P2O5 are given along with their relative molecular masses. Lewis structures are also discussed, showing valence electrons and bonds. The molecular orbital model is introduced and differences between polar and nonpolar molecules like CO2 and SO2 are explained. Finally, the document distinguishes between molecular and non-molecular oxides based on their crystal lattice structure and bonding properties.
The document discusses the structure of oxides. It describes chemical formulas and how they indicate the elements present, their relative ratios, and molecular mass. Examples of ionic formulas like K2O and P2O5 are given along with their relative molecular masses. Lewis structures are also discussed, showing valence electrons and bonds. The molecular orbital model is introduced and differences between polar and nonpolar molecules like CO2 and SO2 are explained. Finally, the document distinguishes between molecular and non-molecular oxides based on their crystal lattice structure and bonding properties.
12. • Alkadienlər:
– Ümumi formul: CnH2n-2
– İki ikiqat rabitə
– Adlandırılması (di en)
– İzomerliyi - ikiqat rabitələrin yerləşməsi
– Reaksiyaları alkenlərə oxşardır
Butadien-1,3
13. • Alkinlər:
– Ümumi formul: CnH2n-2
– Üçqat rabitə
– Adlandırılması (-in)
– İzomerliyi – (həndəsi izomerliyi yoxdur)
Butin-1
14. • Tsikloalkan:
– Ümumi formul: CnH2n
– Tsiklik- qapalı zincir
– Adlandırılması – alkanlarla
oxşar
– İzomerliyi – siniflərarası və
quruluş izomeri, həndəsi
izomeri