1 Roles Culture, Gender, and Religion in Emotion Experience and Expression Student Name University Course Professors Name Date Roles Culture, Gender, and Religion in Emotion Experience and Expression Items that stood out in the study The number of items in the article is emotional experiences and how they are expressed in different individuals, the variation of the emotional expression concerning social, gender, and cultural relationship. These items stood out because there is a great variation in how different genders, religions, and people of different social backgrounds express emotion. The empirical research revealed these items on gender, religion, and social life. The researcher wanted to know the roles these three items play in individual emotions and how they are expressed between different individuals. What did the authors of the study you selected examine in their research? What did they hypothesize and why (rationale)? The author examined how often people face basic and secondary emotions in the study. He also examined the appropriateness in which different individuals express emotions to people of different relationships. The study also examined the appropriateness of feeling and the act of expressing basic emotions regarding religion and cultural background. (DeLeersnyder & Boiger (2016). The author hypothesis that there is a meaningful relationship between the expression of emotion and feelings. The author also hypothesis that there is a variation in the expression of emotions in different social relationships. The author's rationale indicated that different individuals have separate ways of accepting various aspects related to emotions, and their ways of expressing themselves vary from one person to another. What methods did they use? The author of this study used a questionnaire as a method of collecting the data. In the study, a total of fifty-four adults were used, including twenty-six males and twenty-eight females living in Sri Lanka and the western province. The research used a convenience sampling method to collect the data. The participants' ages ranged from 17 to 64 years, while the mean age was 28 years. The participants of the research were Sinhalese Buddhists. Participation in this study was voluntary. A questionnaire was developed to examine the emotional experience and expressions of different individuals. The researcher allocated time to explain the aim of the study to the participant, and they were given instructions for filling out the questionnaire. Meaningful findings the authors The researcher found that regarding the experience of basic and secondary emotions, there were significant effects from gender. Thus, it indicated that different genders had a difference in the feelings of anger, shyness, sadness, and pleasure. The research found that female experiences sadness more as compared to males. Concerning anger, it was found that males feel more anger than females. Based on the level of pleasure.

1. 1
Roles Culture, Gender, and Religion in Emotion Experience and
Expression
Student Name
University
Course
Professors Name
Date
Roles Culture, Gender, and Religion in Emotion Experience and
Expression
Items that stood out in the study
The number of items in the article is emotional experiences and
how they are expressed in different individuals, the variation of
the emotional expression concerning social, gender, and cultural
relationship. These items stood out because there is a great
variation in how different genders, religions, and people of
different social backgrounds express emotion. The empirical
research revealed these items on gender, religion, and social
life. The researcher wanted to know the roles these three items
play in individual emotions and how they are expressed between
different individuals.
What did the authors of the study you selected examine in their
research? What did they hypothesize and why (rationale)?
The author examined how often people face basic and secondary
emotions in the study. He also examined the appropriateness in

2. which different individuals express emotions to people of
different relationships. The study also examined the
appropriateness of feeling and the act of expressing basic
emotions regarding religion and cultural background.
(DeLeersnyder & Boiger (2016). The author hypothesis that
there is a meaningful relationship between the expression of
emotion and feelings. The author also hypothesis that there is a
variation in the expression of emotions in different social
relationships. The author's rationale indicated that different
individuals have separate ways of accepting various aspects
related to emotions, and their ways of expressing themselves
vary from one person to another.
What methods did they use?
The author of this study used a questionnaire as a method of
collecting the data. In the study, a total of fifty-four adults were
used, including twenty-six males and twenty-eight females
living in Sri Lanka and the western province. The research used
a convenience sampling method to collect the data. The
participants' ages ranged from 17 to 64 years, while the mean
age was 28 years. The participants of the research were
Sinhalese Buddhists. Participation in this study was voluntary.
A questionnaire was developed to examine the emotional
experience and expressions of different individuals. The
researcher allocated time to explain the aim of the study to the
participant, and they were given instructions for filling out the
questionnaire.
Meaningful findings the authors
The researcher found that regarding the experience of basic and
secondary emotions, there were significant effects from gender.
Thus, it indicated that different genders had a difference in the
feelings of anger, shyness, sadness, and pleasure. The research
found that female experiences sadness more as compared to
males. Concerning anger, it was found that males feel more
anger than females. Based on the level of pleasure and shyness,
the research found that female experiences more pleasure and
shyness than men. Based on the aspect of expressing basic and

3. secondary emotion, it was found that male’s express anger more
than females, while females’ express shyness more than males.
Regarding emotional expression based on social relationship,
the research found a meaningful relationship that differs from
the appropriateness of emotional expression. It was found that
the acts of the individual expressing their sadness to their
spouse are extremely high.
Limitation to the study
The limitation of this study is that the sampling number used is
small. Only fifty-four participants were used in this study; thus,
this research could be subject to biasness. This could have given
a misleading result as this number is too little to be used as the
representative of Sri Lanka and the western province.
How do the findings from this study help you better understand
the content from this week?
There are several things that I can appreciate from the finding
of the study. I can appreciate that different individual
experiences emotions differently and have diverse ways of
expressing them. I can also appreciate that there is a variation
in the expression of emotions concerning social relationships. I
am now better at understanding the aspects of sadness, anger,
and pleasure in different genders. I can now appreciate that we
have expressed our emotions based on our social relationships
with the different parties. This study has played a critical role
in understanding myself better and my friends.
Part 2
The study's hypothesis stated that non-pharmacology therapy is
an appropriate therapy for ADHD Compared to Methylphenidate
stimulant therapy for children aged 4-6 years. The limitation of
the study was the environment in which the study was
conducted could result in biased results. This is because the
classroom environment may be a high stimulation for the
children. It may arise distractions that may result in poor results
during the evaluation process. Another limitation is that a
person collecting the data may affect performance. This

4. limitation can be avoided by educating the parent and teacher
on the criteria for scoring the student. In addition, participants
can be taken to classrooms where they are unfamiliar with their
teachers.
References
ARTICLE: Emotional Experiences and Expressions of
Individuals in the Sri Lankan Context: The Roles of Gender,
Culture, and Religion
Chapter 21: Brody, Hall, J. A., & Stokes, (2016). Gender and
emotion: Theory, findings, and context. In L. Feldman Barrett,
M. Lewis, & J. M. Haviland-Jones (Eds.), Handbook of
Emotions, 4th Ed. (pp. 369-392). New York, NY: Guilford
Press.
Chapter 22: Mesquita, B., DeLeersnyder & Boiger (2016). The
cultural psychology of emotions. In L. Feldman Barrett, M.
Lewis, & J. M. Haviland-Jones (Eds.), Handbook of Emotions,
4th Ed. (pp. 393-411). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Article: Hoffmann, Kessler, Eppel, Rukavina & Traue (2010).
Expression intensity, gender, and facial emotion recognition:
Women recognize only subtle facial emotions better than men.
Acta Psychological, 135, 278-283. Hoffmann, Kessler, Eppel,
T., Rukavina & Traue (2010). Expression intensity, gender, and
facial emotion recognition: Women recognize only subtle facial
emotions better than men. Acta Psychological, 135, 278-283. -
Alternative Formats
Article: Leu, Wang & Koo (2011). Are positive emotions just
as "positive" across cultures? Emotion, 11, 994-999. Leu, Wang
& Koo (2011). Are positive emotions just as "positive" across
cultures? Emotion, 11, 994-999. - Alternative Formats.