This document provides information about consumer awareness and rights in India. It discusses the role of consumers in a market economy and their rights, including the right to basic needs, safety, information, choice, and redress. It defines adulteration of food and provides examples. Common adulterants in various food items like milk, ghee, grains, and pulses are described. Tests to detect adulteration in foods and oils are mentioned. The document also discusses duties of consumers, consumer forums and courts for grievance redressal, income tax slabs, TDS, and ways to exempt income tax in India.
Food adulteration has become very common in India and poses numerous health risks. Common adulterants include chemicals, metals, and other harmful substances added to foods like milk, turmeric, ghee, sweets and others to increase profits. This intentional adulteration can cause cancer, tumors, dropsy, and other diseases. Efforts must be made by governments, industries, and communities to increase awareness, implement stricter regulations and testing, and reduce food adulteration.
The document outlines key consumer rights and responsibilities in India. It discusses the right to safety, right to choose, right to be informed, right to consumer education, and right to seek redressal. It also outlines corresponding consumer responsibilities like being critically aware, practicing sustainable consumption, and filing complaints for issues. The document emphasizes that exercising rights and fulfilling responsibilities can help protect consumer interests and encourage high product/service quality standards.
This document discusses consumer awareness and rights from the perspective of an individual in a capitalist economy. It defines a consumer as someone who buys goods for personal consumption rather than resale. Consumers play a vital role in the economy by creating demand for producers. The document outlines six key rights for consumers: safety, choice, access to information, education, ability to voice complaints, and ability to seek redressal. It also discusses several responsibilities of consumers, such as being critically aware, assertive in getting fair deals, and practicing sustainable consumption.
The Non GMO Project is a non-profit organization that promotes and verifies non-GMO products through their third party verification label. They began in response to retailers wanting to provide information to consumers about genetically modified foods. The Non GMO Project developed a standard and verification process to consistently define and identify non-GMO products. Their mission is to preserve and grow sources of non-GMO products while educating consumers and providing verified non-GMO choices.
Whole Foods' corporate social responsibility plan focuses on supplier relations, stakeholder involvement, and community impact. The plan aims to enhance their current CSR program by reevaluating goals, adhering more closely to regulations, making supply chains more transparent, prioritizing local suppliers, and partnering with non-profits to address issues like food waste and access. Whole Foods will also work to decrease their environmental impact through sustainable energy initiatives and more efficient distribution systems.
This document discusses consumer rights and protections. It outlines several key consumer rights, including the rights to safety, choice, and redress. It also discusses factors that can lead to consumer exploitation like limited information, supplies and competition. The document then provides an overview of consumer protection laws and mechanisms in place to protect consumers and promote fair business practices. These include laws against anti-competitive behavior and mergers that threaten competition.
This document discusses consumer rights and exploitation. It begins by acknowledging the help received from a teacher in completing a presentation. It then defines a consumer and notes that consumers can be exploited through misleading advertisements. The document outlines the objectives of a consumer awareness project, including informing consumers and suggesting improvements. It lists consumers' rights such as the right to basic needs, safety, choice, and redress. It explains how consumers can be exploited through underweight products, low quality, high prices, and lack of information. Factors causing exploitation include limited information, supplies, competition, and literacy. The Consumer Protection Act of 1986 provides a dispute resolution process. Consumers have responsibilities like shopping wisely, reading instructions, and keeping receipts.
Food adulteration has become very common in India and poses numerous health risks. Common adulterants include chemicals, metals, and other harmful substances added to foods like milk, turmeric, ghee, sweets and others to increase profits. This intentional adulteration can cause cancer, tumors, dropsy, and other diseases. Efforts must be made by governments, industries, and communities to increase awareness, implement stricter regulations and testing, and reduce food adulteration.
The document outlines key consumer rights and responsibilities in India. It discusses the right to safety, right to choose, right to be informed, right to consumer education, and right to seek redressal. It also outlines corresponding consumer responsibilities like being critically aware, practicing sustainable consumption, and filing complaints for issues. The document emphasizes that exercising rights and fulfilling responsibilities can help protect consumer interests and encourage high product/service quality standards.
This document discusses consumer awareness and rights from the perspective of an individual in a capitalist economy. It defines a consumer as someone who buys goods for personal consumption rather than resale. Consumers play a vital role in the economy by creating demand for producers. The document outlines six key rights for consumers: safety, choice, access to information, education, ability to voice complaints, and ability to seek redressal. It also discusses several responsibilities of consumers, such as being critically aware, assertive in getting fair deals, and practicing sustainable consumption.
The Non GMO Project is a non-profit organization that promotes and verifies non-GMO products through their third party verification label. They began in response to retailers wanting to provide information to consumers about genetically modified foods. The Non GMO Project developed a standard and verification process to consistently define and identify non-GMO products. Their mission is to preserve and grow sources of non-GMO products while educating consumers and providing verified non-GMO choices.
Whole Foods' corporate social responsibility plan focuses on supplier relations, stakeholder involvement, and community impact. The plan aims to enhance their current CSR program by reevaluating goals, adhering more closely to regulations, making supply chains more transparent, prioritizing local suppliers, and partnering with non-profits to address issues like food waste and access. Whole Foods will also work to decrease their environmental impact through sustainable energy initiatives and more efficient distribution systems.
This document discusses consumer rights and protections. It outlines several key consumer rights, including the rights to safety, choice, and redress. It also discusses factors that can lead to consumer exploitation like limited information, supplies and competition. The document then provides an overview of consumer protection laws and mechanisms in place to protect consumers and promote fair business practices. These include laws against anti-competitive behavior and mergers that threaten competition.
This document discusses consumer rights and exploitation. It begins by acknowledging the help received from a teacher in completing a presentation. It then defines a consumer and notes that consumers can be exploited through misleading advertisements. The document outlines the objectives of a consumer awareness project, including informing consumers and suggesting improvements. It lists consumers' rights such as the right to basic needs, safety, choice, and redress. It explains how consumers can be exploited through underweight products, low quality, high prices, and lack of information. Factors causing exploitation include limited information, supplies, competition, and literacy. The Consumer Protection Act of 1986 provides a dispute resolution process. Consumers have responsibilities like shopping wisely, reading instructions, and keeping receipts.
This document discusses the importance of consumer health. It defines key terms like consumer, food, health, buy, services, rights, and needs. It explains that consumer health has three main components: health information, health products, and health services. Health information comes from professionals and the public. Common health products are food and medicines. Health services are provided by professionals like doctors, dentists, and nurses. Government agencies also provide services to protect consumer rights and welfare. The document emphasizes that wise consumers should know their rights and responsibilities when purchasing goods and services.
This document discusses health, health services, and consumer rights and responsibilities related to health. It defines health and describes different types of health services including medical services, traditional medicine, and faddism. It also discusses health consumerism, consumer rights to safety, information, choice, and redress. The document outlines both consumer rights and responsibilities, including the right to safety, information, choice, redress, and education as well as the responsibility to be informed, think independently, speak out, and respect the environment.
This document discusses strategies for creating consumer awareness of functional foods in India. It begins by defining what functional foods are and examining the current state of consumer mindset in India. It then covers some communication theory approaches, including the ADMAP model. The main challenges to functional food adoption in India are identified as the consumer not believing they have a problem, confusion over which products are right for them, perceiving healthy foods as tasteless, and functional foods not matching the foods they are accustomed to. The document argues that communication must build awareness, interest, trial, and habit. It stresses understanding the consumer perspective, leveraging insights, and focusing on taste. Credible institutions and key opinion leaders can help address concerns and build trust in functional
This document provides information for vendors at the UMD Market Day farmers market. It discusses new features being introduced this year like EBT/credit card access and live entertainment. It outlines the different vendor membership punch card options and fees. The document encourages vendors to contact the market manager, Sarah Garramone, with any questions. It also includes information about two Lake Superior Sustainable Farming Association programs: Farm Beginnings, a training program for new farmers, and a CSA farm wellness endorsement initiative. Product labeling requirements and fair marketing practices for vendors are outlined.
Consumer education provides consumers with information to make informed purchasing decisions. It teaches consumers to consider value for money, people, environment, democracy, and justice. Consumer education helps consumers avoid wasteful spending and make purchases that do not exploit people or harm the environment. It guides consumers on obtaining justice for poor quality goods and empowering them as citizens to ensure accountable government services.
Consumer health pertains to making wise choices when purchasing health products and services in order to achieve overall wellness and satisfaction. People should be educated on preventative healthcare and exercise their consumer rights, such as choosing entertainment and healthcare providers carefully. Consumers have rights like choosing products, being informed, and having needs met, and should get information through technology to aid important health-related decisions.
Adults have a responsibility to positively model good behavior for youth by demonstrating sportsmanship, ethical practices, and striving for excellence. This includes providing educational resources to teach youth about animal welfare and food safety. Implementing practices like Food Quality Assurance plans and Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points helps ensure safe food production.
Organic Food Industry
Research Objective
Organic Food Category and Products
Contaminants and Pesticides
Regulations and Certifications
Market Size
Market Geography
Market Penetration
Frequency of Purchase – Trends
Perception of Organic Food – Trends
Driving Market Needs
Building on GAPs
SWOT Analysis
The document discusses theories of consumer behavior and factors that influence consumption. It explains that consumers make choices based on income, prices, and preferences. Key factors that affect consumer behavior include wealth, income, prices, and psychological factors. Advertising aims to promote products and services to increase sales and brand loyalty. While advertising provides benefits like informing consumers, it can also mislead through exaggeration and destroying competitors' reputations. The document outlines consumers' rights and responsibilities to make wise purchasing decisions and protect against fraud.
Consumers face many unfair business practices that undermine their rights and interests. These include adulteration of products, use of false weights and measures to cheat customers, misleading advertisements, sale of substandard goods that can cause harm. While consumers have basic rights, businesses often take advantage of consumers' lack of awareness and inability to verify quality. Consumer protection aims to address this imbalance and safeguard consumers from exploitative practices through measures that educate consumers and give them avenues for redressal when rights are violated.
This document proposes the S-MArT Buddy, a technology that attaches a LCD device and handheld scanner to supermarket trolleys. The scanner provides food content information for each item scanned to help users make healthier choices and raise awareness of unhealthy eating trends that can lead to issues like colon cancer. It targets primary grocery shoppers in Singapore and aims to empower them to distinguish between healthy and junk food products through interactive displays on the trolley like a "Healthy/Junk Meter" and "Food Breakdown Table" that show nutrition information. Users can also create family profiles to get more personalized recommendations.
This document provides information about an organic foods app, including its target user persona, problem statement, objectives, hypothesis, and value proposition. The app aims to educate people about the health risks of genetically modified foods and promote healthier eating habits by focusing on non-GMO and organic options. The target user is described as a 32-year-old active female concerned about environmental and animal welfare issues who shops at places like Whole Foods and Trader Joe's. The problem statement indicates the app currently isn't meeting health goals, which can lead to various diseases. The hypothesis is that improving education on GMO foods will help people get less sick.
As a consumer, we are protected against market malpractices, illegal trade practices and exploitation in various forms through six important Indian Consumer Rights. In a growing economy like our country, it isn’t unusual for us to face these abuses mostly due to aggressive competition among a multitude of products and services. To lean more visit http://www.instaremedy.com/
Follow us on:
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/InstaRemedy/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/InstaRemedy
Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company-beta/10130024/
If you have any Complaints against any brand then you can contact us through • Website : www.instaremedy.com • Call : 022-39966111 • Email : info@instaremedy.com Zindagi Banaaye Aasaan! InstaRemedy –At your Service Always
This document discusses consumer health education. It defines consumer health as the decisions people make about purchasing health products and services that affect their health. Consumer health education is the process of providing people with correct information and understanding to make wise health-related decisions. The document provides examples of health information, products, and services. The overall purpose is to educate consumers so they can make informed choices about their health.
Purbesh Mondal of class 10 at Narayana School in Haldia created a social science project on consumer awareness. The project defines key terms like consumer and discusses the rights and responsibilities of consumers. It also covers measures used to exploit consumers, factors leading to exploitation, consumer protection laws, and steps taken by the government to protect consumers. The project concludes that consumer awareness is important for both consumers and a fair marketplace.
Consumer Education- Rights and ResponsibilitiesEric Indie
The document discusses key topics related to consumer rights and responsibilities including:
- The eight basic rights of consumers
- The seven types of consumers
- Government agencies concerned with consumer protection
- Characteristics of wise consumers including critical awareness, active response, and social concern
It provides questions to test understanding of these topics and assess if participants exhibit characteristics of wise consumers. Scoring rubrics are also included to evaluate knowledge, application, and appreciation of consumer rights and responsibilities.
The document summarizes the 8 basic consumer rights in the Philippines according to the Department of Trade and Industry. The 8 rights are: 1) right to basic needs, 2) right to safety, 3) right to information, 4) right to choose, 5) right to redress, 6) right to representation, 7) right to consumer education, and 8) right to a healthy environment. For each right, it provides a brief description and things consumers can do to exercise that right. It also outlines 5 consumer responsibilities: critical awareness, action, social concern, environmental awareness, and solidarity.
This document discusses consumption, which refers to how individuals satisfy their needs and wants through the use of resources. It defines the consumption function as a model that studies the relationship between income levels and consumption in an economy. Key factors that affect consumption are identified as price changes, income and wealth levels, household preferences, expectations, population size, and laws/policies like the Consumer Act of the Philippines that protect buyers' rights. The rights of consumers in the Philippines include rights to basic needs, safety, information, choice, voice, compensation, education, and a clean environment. Duties of consumers include critical awareness, taking action, concern for society, environmental awareness, and unity.
This document summarizes a study on consumer behavior, attitudes, and perceptions toward organic products in Puducherry, India. The study surveyed 25 consumers at an organic store called Bon Appetit. It found that most consumers agreed organic products are healthy, chemical-free, and environmentally friendly. However, many consumers only purchase organic products occasionally due to higher prices. The study recommends increasing organic production and awareness while lowering prices to encourage more consumers to purchase organic options fully.
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SnapJob is revolutionizing the way people connect with work opportunities and find talented professionals for their projects. Find your dream job with ease using the best job finding apps. Discover top-rated apps that connect you with employers, provide personalized job recommendations, and streamline the application process. Explore features, ratings, and reviews to find the app that suits your needs and helps you land your next opportunity.
This document discusses the importance of consumer health. It defines key terms like consumer, food, health, buy, services, rights, and needs. It explains that consumer health has three main components: health information, health products, and health services. Health information comes from professionals and the public. Common health products are food and medicines. Health services are provided by professionals like doctors, dentists, and nurses. Government agencies also provide services to protect consumer rights and welfare. The document emphasizes that wise consumers should know their rights and responsibilities when purchasing goods and services.
This document discusses health, health services, and consumer rights and responsibilities related to health. It defines health and describes different types of health services including medical services, traditional medicine, and faddism. It also discusses health consumerism, consumer rights to safety, information, choice, and redress. The document outlines both consumer rights and responsibilities, including the right to safety, information, choice, redress, and education as well as the responsibility to be informed, think independently, speak out, and respect the environment.
This document discusses strategies for creating consumer awareness of functional foods in India. It begins by defining what functional foods are and examining the current state of consumer mindset in India. It then covers some communication theory approaches, including the ADMAP model. The main challenges to functional food adoption in India are identified as the consumer not believing they have a problem, confusion over which products are right for them, perceiving healthy foods as tasteless, and functional foods not matching the foods they are accustomed to. The document argues that communication must build awareness, interest, trial, and habit. It stresses understanding the consumer perspective, leveraging insights, and focusing on taste. Credible institutions and key opinion leaders can help address concerns and build trust in functional
This document provides information for vendors at the UMD Market Day farmers market. It discusses new features being introduced this year like EBT/credit card access and live entertainment. It outlines the different vendor membership punch card options and fees. The document encourages vendors to contact the market manager, Sarah Garramone, with any questions. It also includes information about two Lake Superior Sustainable Farming Association programs: Farm Beginnings, a training program for new farmers, and a CSA farm wellness endorsement initiative. Product labeling requirements and fair marketing practices for vendors are outlined.
Consumer education provides consumers with information to make informed purchasing decisions. It teaches consumers to consider value for money, people, environment, democracy, and justice. Consumer education helps consumers avoid wasteful spending and make purchases that do not exploit people or harm the environment. It guides consumers on obtaining justice for poor quality goods and empowering them as citizens to ensure accountable government services.
Consumer health pertains to making wise choices when purchasing health products and services in order to achieve overall wellness and satisfaction. People should be educated on preventative healthcare and exercise their consumer rights, such as choosing entertainment and healthcare providers carefully. Consumers have rights like choosing products, being informed, and having needs met, and should get information through technology to aid important health-related decisions.
Adults have a responsibility to positively model good behavior for youth by demonstrating sportsmanship, ethical practices, and striving for excellence. This includes providing educational resources to teach youth about animal welfare and food safety. Implementing practices like Food Quality Assurance plans and Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points helps ensure safe food production.
Organic Food Industry
Research Objective
Organic Food Category and Products
Contaminants and Pesticides
Regulations and Certifications
Market Size
Market Geography
Market Penetration
Frequency of Purchase – Trends
Perception of Organic Food – Trends
Driving Market Needs
Building on GAPs
SWOT Analysis
The document discusses theories of consumer behavior and factors that influence consumption. It explains that consumers make choices based on income, prices, and preferences. Key factors that affect consumer behavior include wealth, income, prices, and psychological factors. Advertising aims to promote products and services to increase sales and brand loyalty. While advertising provides benefits like informing consumers, it can also mislead through exaggeration and destroying competitors' reputations. The document outlines consumers' rights and responsibilities to make wise purchasing decisions and protect against fraud.
Consumers face many unfair business practices that undermine their rights and interests. These include adulteration of products, use of false weights and measures to cheat customers, misleading advertisements, sale of substandard goods that can cause harm. While consumers have basic rights, businesses often take advantage of consumers' lack of awareness and inability to verify quality. Consumer protection aims to address this imbalance and safeguard consumers from exploitative practices through measures that educate consumers and give them avenues for redressal when rights are violated.
This document proposes the S-MArT Buddy, a technology that attaches a LCD device and handheld scanner to supermarket trolleys. The scanner provides food content information for each item scanned to help users make healthier choices and raise awareness of unhealthy eating trends that can lead to issues like colon cancer. It targets primary grocery shoppers in Singapore and aims to empower them to distinguish between healthy and junk food products through interactive displays on the trolley like a "Healthy/Junk Meter" and "Food Breakdown Table" that show nutrition information. Users can also create family profiles to get more personalized recommendations.
This document provides information about an organic foods app, including its target user persona, problem statement, objectives, hypothesis, and value proposition. The app aims to educate people about the health risks of genetically modified foods and promote healthier eating habits by focusing on non-GMO and organic options. The target user is described as a 32-year-old active female concerned about environmental and animal welfare issues who shops at places like Whole Foods and Trader Joe's. The problem statement indicates the app currently isn't meeting health goals, which can lead to various diseases. The hypothesis is that improving education on GMO foods will help people get less sick.
As a consumer, we are protected against market malpractices, illegal trade practices and exploitation in various forms through six important Indian Consumer Rights. In a growing economy like our country, it isn’t unusual for us to face these abuses mostly due to aggressive competition among a multitude of products and services. To lean more visit http://www.instaremedy.com/
Follow us on:
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/InstaRemedy/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/InstaRemedy
Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company-beta/10130024/
If you have any Complaints against any brand then you can contact us through • Website : www.instaremedy.com • Call : 022-39966111 • Email : info@instaremedy.com Zindagi Banaaye Aasaan! InstaRemedy –At your Service Always
This document discusses consumer health education. It defines consumer health as the decisions people make about purchasing health products and services that affect their health. Consumer health education is the process of providing people with correct information and understanding to make wise health-related decisions. The document provides examples of health information, products, and services. The overall purpose is to educate consumers so they can make informed choices about their health.
Purbesh Mondal of class 10 at Narayana School in Haldia created a social science project on consumer awareness. The project defines key terms like consumer and discusses the rights and responsibilities of consumers. It also covers measures used to exploit consumers, factors leading to exploitation, consumer protection laws, and steps taken by the government to protect consumers. The project concludes that consumer awareness is important for both consumers and a fair marketplace.
Consumer Education- Rights and ResponsibilitiesEric Indie
The document discusses key topics related to consumer rights and responsibilities including:
- The eight basic rights of consumers
- The seven types of consumers
- Government agencies concerned with consumer protection
- Characteristics of wise consumers including critical awareness, active response, and social concern
It provides questions to test understanding of these topics and assess if participants exhibit characteristics of wise consumers. Scoring rubrics are also included to evaluate knowledge, application, and appreciation of consumer rights and responsibilities.
The document summarizes the 8 basic consumer rights in the Philippines according to the Department of Trade and Industry. The 8 rights are: 1) right to basic needs, 2) right to safety, 3) right to information, 4) right to choose, 5) right to redress, 6) right to representation, 7) right to consumer education, and 8) right to a healthy environment. For each right, it provides a brief description and things consumers can do to exercise that right. It also outlines 5 consumer responsibilities: critical awareness, action, social concern, environmental awareness, and solidarity.
This document discusses consumption, which refers to how individuals satisfy their needs and wants through the use of resources. It defines the consumption function as a model that studies the relationship between income levels and consumption in an economy. Key factors that affect consumption are identified as price changes, income and wealth levels, household preferences, expectations, population size, and laws/policies like the Consumer Act of the Philippines that protect buyers' rights. The rights of consumers in the Philippines include rights to basic needs, safety, information, choice, voice, compensation, education, and a clean environment. Duties of consumers include critical awareness, taking action, concern for society, environmental awareness, and unity.
This document summarizes a study on consumer behavior, attitudes, and perceptions toward organic products in Puducherry, India. The study surveyed 25 consumers at an organic store called Bon Appetit. It found that most consumers agreed organic products are healthy, chemical-free, and environmentally friendly. However, many consumers only purchase organic products occasionally due to higher prices. The study recommends increasing organic production and awareness while lowering prices to encourage more consumers to purchase organic options fully.
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3. z
CONSUMERS IN MARKET PLACE
The role of the consumer in a market economy
Individual consumers make decisions on how to
use resources.
Consumers take their responsibility to make
decisions and to buy what is best for them.
There is a lot of competition in a market economy
because producers want consumers to buy their
products.
The consumer also plays a role in the feedback-
gathering process after a company’s offering hits
the market. After implementing your marketing
plan and releasing the product or service, you
need to track results and continually monitor
consumer needs so you can improve on the
offering in the future.
Through the consumer's purchasing power, the
entire notion of business is accomplished and
without the consumer, this important aspect of
the exchange of goods and services is lacking.
The role of a consumer (or of consumers in
general) is important in an economic system
because it is consumers who demand goods and
services. Boiled down to its essence, the role of
marketing is to identify, satisfy, and retain
customers.
Before you can create anything of value, first you
must identify a want or need that you can address,
as well as the prospective customers who possess
this want or need.
4.
5. z Rights of Consumers
1. Right to Basic Needs, which guarantees
survival, adequate food, clothing, shelter,
health care, education and sanitation.
2. Right to Safety—the consumer should be
protected against the marketing of goods or
the provision of services that are hazardous to
health and life.
3. Right to Information—the consumer should be
protected against dishonest or misleading
advertising or labelling and has the right to be
given the facts and information needed to
make an informed choice.
4. Right to Choose—the consumer has the right to
choose from among various products at
competitive prices with an assurance of
satisfactory quality.
6. z
6. Right to Redress— the right to be compensated for
misrepresentation, shoddy goods or unsatisfactory services.
7. Right to Consumer Education, which is the right to acquire
knowledge and skills necessary to be an informed customer.
8. Right to a Healthy Environment—the right to live and work in an
environment which is neither threatening nor dangerous and
which permits a life of dignity and well-being
7. z
What is
adulteration?
Adulteration of food commonly defined as “the
addition or subtraction of any substance to or from
food, so that the natural composition and quality of
food substance is affected“.
Adulteration is either intentional by either removing
substances to food or altering the existing natural
properties of food knowingly.
Unintentional adulteration is usually attributed to
ignorance’s, carelessness or lack of facilities for
maintaining food quality. Incidental contamination
during the period of growth, harvesting, storage,
processing, transport and distribution of foods are also
considered.
Adulterant” means any material which is or could be
employed for making the food unsafe or sub-standard
or mis-branded or containing extraneous matter.
8. z Types of Adulteration
Intentional adulteration: Adding adulterants
intentionally with the purpose of increasing
profit.
Incidental adulteration: due to negligence,
absence of sufficient facilities, adulterants are
discovered in food.
Metallic adulteration: purposely or
accidentally adding metallic materials such as
lead from water and mercury from effluents.
9. z
Examples of adulterated food
Past and present examples of adulterated food, some dangerous, include:
Apple jellies (jams), as substitutes for more expensive fruit jellies, with added
colorant and sometimes even specks of wood that simulate raspberry or strawberry
seeds.
High fructose corn syrup or cane sugar, used to adulterate honey.
Red ochre–soaked brown bread to give the appearance of beef
sausage for sausage roll filling. Roasted chicory roots used as an adulterant for
coffee
Water, for diluting milk and alcoholic beverages.
Water or brine injected into chicken, pork, or other meats to increase their weight.
Urea, melamine and other non-protein nitrogen sources, added to protein products
to inflate crude protein content measurements.
10. z
Food Products Adulterant Harmful Effects
Milk and Curd
Water and starch
powder.
Stomach disorders.
Ghee, Cheese and
Butter
Mashed potatoes,
Vanaspati and starch
powder.
Gastro-intestinal
disturbances and other
stomach disorders.
Grains
Dust, Pebbles, Stones,
Straw, weed seeds,
damaged grain, etc.
Liver disorders, Toxicity
in the body, etc.
Pulses
Dyes, chemical and
Lead Chromate.
Stomach disorders.
Common adulterants used in food
12. z
Tests for adulterants:
Milk and milk products.
Oils and fats.
Food grains and spices.
Miscellaneous food items.
Water
Separated milk
Separated milk and milk
Starch
Cane sugar
Egg white
Condensed milk
Separated milk powder and
water
Glucose
Coloring agent
Colostrum
Common salt
Sodium bicarbonate
Addition of buffalo milk
into cow milk
Urea
Detergents
Blotting paper
13. z
Tests for adulterants in oils and fats :-
Iodine value
Saponification value
Hydroxyl value
Acetyl value
Unsaponifiable matter
Acid value
Peroxide value
Kreist test [rancidity index ]
Ester value
Turmeric, dals and pulses.
Adulterants : metanil yellow and Kesari
dal.
Health hazard : highly carcinogenic,
stomach disorders.
Green chillies , green peas & other
vegetables.
Adulterants : malachite green,
argemone seeds.
Health hazard : carcinogenic if
consumed over a long period of time.
14. z
Reicseeds
health hazard : epidemic dropsy and
severe glaucoma.
Heart meissl value: The Reichert value or
more fully, the Reichert- is a value
determined when examining fat.
Polenske value: The Polenske value (also
known as the Polenske number) is a value
determined when examining fat.
Mustard seeds and mustard oil.
adulterant : argemone seeds, papaya
Some more Adulterants
16. z
Pallavi Model School
Hasmatpet
Bowenpally
Date:18th May 2020
The editor
“The Times of India”
Sub: Violation of consumer rights
Respected sir/madam ,
Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper I would like to bring to the notice of
the concerned authorities about the growing violation of consumer rights. A major step
taken by the government of India in 1986 was the consumer protection act (COPRA)
has made progress in terms of number of organised groups and their work.
But yet it is not taken seriously.
The redressal process has started becoming more expensive and time consuming and
hence is often ignored. Taking the advantage of the consumer’s ignorance
A Letter to the editor
17. z
the companies are continuing to exploit them and violate the rights. Some of the
common violations are selling drugs like alcohol, tobacco etc to minors,
spreading false information about their products, selling unadulterated medicines
and expired products . The industries don’t maintain hygiene or ensure if the
products are packed properly. They sometimes sell defected devices which don’t
have proper warranty periods.
The ignorant consumers fall prey to such strategies used by companies, retailers
and distributors for endorsing and marketing their products. Another cause of
such mishaps is lack of knowledge ignorance and even peer pressure. The only
way to eradicate these violations is by spreading awareness and routine
inspection. I request you to bring this to the notice of the concerned authorities.
Thanking you
Yours sincerely,
B. Vidushi
(Student of class 10, Pallavi Model School)
18. z
Duty of consumer to pay for the services or goods purchased or used.
Duty of consumer to check weight, balances, prices etc. and read the labels carefully.
To update oneself about the various schemes of consumer protection.
Duty not to fall in the trap of misleading information and advertisement.
Not to buy good from black markets.
Duty to gain knowledge about consumer rights and duties and to spread awareness
about the same.
Duty to file a complaint in case there is a defect in the good or service so purchased.
Duties of consumers
21. z
WHERE SHOULD CONSUMERS GO TO
GET JUSTICE?
Consumer court is a special purpose court in India that deals with
cases regarding consumer disputes , conflicts and grievances.
They are judiciary hearings set up by the government to protect the
consumers’ rights.
Its main function is to maintain the fair practices & contracts by
sellers.
Consumers can file a case against a seller if they are cheated or
exploited by sellers.
22. z
Rights provided by consumer courts:
The consumer rights provided by consumer courts in India are:
Right to safety: the right to be protected from all types of hazardous goods and
services.
Right to information: the right to be fully informed about the performance and
quality of all goods and services.
Right to choose: the right to free choice of goods and services.
Right to be heard : the right to be heard in all decision-making processes
related to consumer interest .
Right to readressal: the right to seek compensation, whenever consumer rights
have been infringed.
Right to consumer education : the right to complete consumer education.
23. z
List of consumer courts in India
National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC):A national
level court works for the whole country and deals compensation claimed
exceeds rupees ten core.
State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (SCDRC): A state level
court works at the state level with cases where compensation claim is
above one crore to ten crores.
District Consumer Disputes Redressal Forum (DCDRF):A district level court
works at the district level with cases where the compensation is up to one
crore.
24.
25. z
विज्ञापन
जागो ग्राहक जागो
आपका सुरक्षा आपका अविकार।
आपका अविकार जावनए, क्या गलत क्या सही
पहचावनए।
गलत मत सहो, पुलीस में
खबर करो।
27. z
Evidences which need to be provided against
the tax :-
House rent – rent receipts 12 months
Tuition fee – school tuition fee receipts of 1 year
Personal loan – loan statement
Home loan – loan statement
insurance – premium receipt + policy copy
Medi-claim – premium receipt + policy copy
Fixed deposit – FD copy
28. z
What is
TDS?
TAX DEDUCTION AT SOURCE (TDS) is a means of
collecting tax on income, dividend or asset sales, by
requiring the payer (or legal intermediary) to deduct
tax due before paying the balance to the payee and
the tax to the revenue authority.
In India ,under the income tax act of 1961,income
tax must be deducted at source as per the
provisions of the income tax act ,1961.
Any payment covered under these provisions shall
be paid after deducting a prescribed percentage of
income tax. It is managed by the Central Board For
Direct Taxes [CBDT] and is a part of the revenue
managed by Indian Revenue Service.
It has great importance while conducting tax audits.
29. To enable the salaried people to pay the tax as they earn every
month. This helps the salaried persons in paying the tax in easy
installments and avoids the burden of a lump sum of payment.
To collect the tax at the time of payment of income to various
assesses such as contractors, professionals etc.
Government requires funds throughout the year . Hence
,advance tax and tax deducted at source help the government to
get funds throughout the year and run the government.
OBJECTIVES:
30. z
How is TDS calculated?
Calculate gross monthly income as a sum of basic income allowances and perquisites.
Calculate available exemption under section 10 of the income tax act (ITA) . Exemptions
are applicable on allowances such as medical ,HRA ,travel .
Reduce exemption according to step (2) for the gross monthly income calculated in
step (1).
As TDS is calculated on yearly income , multiply it by 12 .this will be your yearly taxable
income from salary.
If you have any other income sources ,add/subtract this amount from the figure in step
(4).
Next ,calculate your investments for the year which fall under chapter VI-A OF ITA, and
deduct this amount from the gross income calculated in step (5).
Now , reduce the maximum allowable income tax exemptions on a salary.
Do note that senior citizen have different tax slabs and receive higher exemptions than
those discussed above
31. z
Income tax
An income tax is a tax imposed on individuals or entities
(taxpayers) that varies with respective income or profits
(taxable income). Income tax generally is computed as
the product of a tax rate times taxable income. Taxation
rates may vary by type or characteristics of the taxpayer.
It is a tax paid by individuals or entities depending on
the level of earnings or gains during a financial year .
The government decides the rate of income tax as well
as income tax slabs on which individuals are taxed.
The tax rate may increase as taxable income increases.
The tax imposed on companies is usually known
as corporate tax and is levied at a flat rate.
However, individuals are taxed at various rates according
to the band in which they fall. Further, the partnership
firms are also taxed at flat rate. Most jurisdictions
exempt locally organized charitable organizations from
tax. Capital gains may be taxed at different rates than
other income.
32. z
What are the slabs for calculating
income tax ?
Total income (Rs) Income tax rate
Up to 2.5 lakh Nil
From 2,50,001 to Rs 5,00000 5 %
From 5,00001 to Rs 7,50000 10 %
From 7,50,001 to Rs 10,00,000 15%
From 10,00,001 to Rs 12,50,000 20%
From 12,50,001 to Rs 15,00,000 25%
Above 15,00,000 30%
The Union Budget 2020 has brought a new income tax slab regime with reduced rates
for those foregoing 70 tax exemptions and deductions under a “simplified tax regime”.
Given below are the income tax slabs that are applicable in the new tax regime for
individuals:
33. z
How to exempt income tax ?
Avail a home loan and enjoy tax benefits under section 80C
availing a home loan and enjoy tax benefits, as it comes with
diminished tax liability , along with the satisfaction of owning
your own home.
Buy a health insurance policy
Such insurance policies reduce the financial strain of individuals and
their families at times of falling health conditions . Also tax benefits
are extended by the government to stimulate individuals to avail
such insurance policies.
Under take investments
Investments in the capital market and government –mandated
schemes can lead to wealth accumulation through higher returns, as
well as tax-saving benefits.
34. z
Park your money in government schemes
Numerous government –mandated schemes offer high returns on total investments along
with tax waivers.
Tax exemption can be availed by investing in following tools:
1. Senior citizen savings schemes (SCSS)
2. Sukanya samriddhi yojana (SSY)
3. National pension scheme (NPS) …etc.
opt for life insurance plans
Life insurance policies enjoy tax waivers on both premium payments and amount
disbursed on maturity ,respectively.
35.
36. z
My experience doing this project
The industries around us are not as fair as they should be. In Grade nine we studied about
industries and rules they should follow- ensuring proper packing, displaying correct information
and giving the consumer the right to choose. But in today’s world none of these are sincerely
followed. This project helped me realize this.
Therefore for supporting the consumers , government of India introduced consumer rights in
1986. This project helped me research about many cases where the consumer goes to seek
redressal and finally gets justice.
Even though the consumer rights has been introduced to help consumers, most of the people
don’t know about these rights due to lack of knowledge. After doing this project, I realized that it
is time that the youth of India take initiative of educating each and every person of India about
these rights and it’s uses. This change requires a voluntary effort and struggle involving the
participation of one and all.
I thank the teachers who gave me such a wonderful opportunity where I could learn more and
enhance my creative abilities.
Adulteration : adulteration is an activity of corrupting the quality of any matrial by adding or removing some of its important components.
Adulterants : the adulterants are the substances whose addition is prohibited in the food.
All the above document need to be submitted has an evidence which an employee need to produce against deducted amount of his salary due to TDS.