1_OS_INTRO.pptx
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This document provides an overview of operating systems and the CSE-3201 Operating Systems course. It defines an operating system as a program that acts as an intermediary between the user and computer hardware, providing an environment for other programs to do useful work conveniently and efficiently. The goals of an operating system are outlined as simplifying user programs, efficiently using hardware, making applications portable and versatile, and providing security. Reasons for studying operating systems include understanding hardware and software interaction, basic principles of efficient resource management and security, and specialized operating systems like embedded, real-time, distributed, and cloud systems. The course will cover topics such as processes, threads, CPU scheduling, synchronization, file systems, virtual machines, and distributed systems
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In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
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1_OS_INTRO.pptx
- 3. What is an Operating System? • An OS is a program that acts an intermediary between the user of a computer and computer hardware. • OS provides an environment in which other programs can do useful work – Conveniently – Efficiently
- 5. Goals of an Operating System • Simplify the execution of user programs • Use computer hardware efficiently • Make application software portable and versatile • Provide isolation, security and protection
- 6. Why should I study Operating Systems? – Need to understand interaction between the hardware and applications • New applications, new hardware – Need to understand basic principles in the design of computer systems • efficient resource management, security, flexibility – Increasing need for specialized operating systems • e.g. embedded operating systems for devices - cell phones, sensors and controllers • real-time operating systems – vehicles, aircraft control, multimedia services
- 7. Why should I study Operating Systems? • Ecosystem of Computer system • Resource Allocation And Sharing • Parallel Computing • Cluster Computing • Grid Computing • Threading and Multithreading (cross Threading) • Multiprocessing system • Distributed Computing • Cloud Computing • Process Synchronization(semaphore, Lock variables) • Jobs Scheduling • Networking
- 8. Systems Today and The Future Principles of Operating Systems - Lecture 1 9
- 9. Hardware Complexity Increases Moore’s Law: 2X transistors/Chip Every 1.5 years Moore’s Law Intel Multicore Chipsets
- 11. Operating System Views • Resource allocator • to allocate resources (software and hardware) of the computer system and manage them efficiently. • Control program • Controls execution of user programs – To prevent errors and improper use of the computer • Control operation of I/O devices. • Kernel • Many components running, what to call an OS? • One definition of OS - one program that runs at all times – Called kernel – Everything else: system programs and applications
- 12. Parallel Computing Systems Climate modeling, earthquake simulations, genome analysis, protein folding, nuclear fusion research, ….. ILLIAC 2 (UIllinois) Connection Machine (MIT) Tianhe-1(China) K-computer(Japan)
- 13. Distributed Computing Systems Globus Grid Computing Toolkit Cloud Computing Offerings PlanetLab Gnutella P2P Network
- 14. Real-time systems • Correct system function depends on timelines • Feedback/control loops • Hard real-time systems – • Failure if response time too long • Soft real-time systems - • Less accurate if response time is too long • Useful in applications such as multimedia, virtual reality.
- 15. Course outline • Operating-System Structures – Operating System Services – System Calls – System Programs – Operating System Structure
- 16. Course outline • Process management: – Basic Concept – Process Scheduling – Operation On process – Co-operating processes – Inter Process Communication – Kernel
- 17. Course outline • Threads – Basic Concept – Multi Threading Model – Threading issues – Cost and Benefit analysis of thread
- 18. Course outline • CPU scheduling – Basic concepts – Scheduling Criteria – Scheduling algorithm – Algorithm Evaluation
- 19. Course outline • Process synchronization ‒ Critical section Problem ‒ Synchronization hardware ‒ Semaphores ‒ Classic Problems of synchronization
- 20. 21 Course outline • File Systems – File naming – File types – File structure – File access
- 21. 22 Course outline • Virtual Machine & Distributed System – Building block – Virtualization and Operating-System Components – Advantages of Distributed Systems – Types of Network-Based Operating Systems – Distributed File System
- 22. Text Books • Operating System Concepts By Abraham silberschatz, Peter Baer Galvin, Greg Gagne • Operating Systems Design and Implementation, Third Edition By Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Albert S. Woodhull