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قطاع غزة من 1948 إلى 1993
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قطاع غزة من 1948 إلى 1993
1.
ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻏﺎﺯﻱ ﻏــﺰﺓ ﻗﻄـــﺎﻉ 1948–1993 ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔﺳﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ 15/×/2011
2.
1 ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ: ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ
ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺤﻭﺍل ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺭﺍﺽ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻝﻨﻜﺒﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻤﻨﺫ1948ﻋﺎﻡ ﻭﺤﺘﻰ1993ﻤـﻥ ﻴﺘﺠـﺯﺃ ﻻ ﺠﺯﺀ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﺃﻥ ﻤﻨﻁﻠﻕ ﻤﻥ ، ﻋﻨﻪ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻭﺃﻥ ،ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ-ﻏﻴﺭﻩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎل ﻫﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ–ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴـﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗـﺔ ﻝﻬﺫﻩ ﺘﺄﻜﻴﺩ ﻫﻭ ﻭﺘﻔﺭﻴﻌﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﺠﺫﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﺒﻜل ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﺜﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺔ. ﻋﺎﻡ ﻤﻨﺫ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻅل ﻝﻘﺩ1948ﻴﺤﻤل ﺒﻘﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺍﻝﻭﺤﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﻭﺤﺘﻰ)ﹰﺎﺭﺴﻤﻴ( ﻭﺍﻝﻘﻴ ﺍﻝﺼﻬﻴﻭﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺨﻁﻁ ﺤﻠﻡ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﺩ ،ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﺴﻡﻜﻤﻘﺩﻤـﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﺘﺼﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺎﺩﺓ ﺘﻌـﺩﺍﺩﻫﻡ ﻴﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻲ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ ،ﺒﺭﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻀﻴﺔ ﻝﺘﺼﻔﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ1.5ﻤﻠﻴﻭﻥﺇﻝﻰ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴل ﺼﻔﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﻗﺭﻯ ﻤﺩﻥ ﻜل ﺇﻝﻰ ﻴﻨﺘﻤﻭﻥ ﻤﻭﺍﻁﻥ ﻭﻁﻭﻝﻜﺭﻡ ﻭﺠﻨﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻠﺩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺤل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺤﻴﻔﺎ ﻭﻋﻜﺎ ﻴﺎﻓﺎﺍﻝﺴﺒﻊ ﻭﺒﺌﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ ﻭﻨﺎﺒﻠﺱ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻯ ﻭﻤﻌﻅﻡ.. ﺍﻷﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻹﻁﻼﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﻻ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻋﻥ ﻓﺎﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﻝﻘـﺩﺱ ﺃﻭ ﻨﺎﺒﻠﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﻨﻘﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴل ﻓﻲ ﺁﺨﺭ ﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﺃﻱ ﻋﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﻨﻀﺎل ﺃﻭ..ﻫـﻭ ﺒـل ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺨ ﻓﻲ ﺸﻌﺒﻨﺎ ﺘﻭﺤﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﻀﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﻝﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻤﺘﺩﺍﺩﺃﺠل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻓﻲ ﻭﻓﻲ لﺍﺴـﺘﻤﺭﺍﺭ ﻓﻠـﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺩﻭﻝـﺔ ﺇﻗﺎﻤـﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻲ ﺍﻝﻬﺩﻑ ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﻝﺩﻴﻤﻘﺭﺍﻁﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﺤﺭﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﻨﻀﺎل ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺤﺩ ﺍﻻﺸﺘﺭﺍﻜﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺇﻁﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻤﻘﺭﺍﻁﻴﺔ.
3.
2 ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ ﶈﺔ: ﺍﻝﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺘﺤﺩﺩﺕﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻴﺔﺒﺴﺘﺔ
ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻓﻲﺃﻝﻭﻴﺔ1 ﻫﻲ: 1-ﺍﻝﺨﻠ ﺃﻗﻀﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻭﻴﺘﺄﻝﻑ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ ﻝﻭﺍﺀﻴل/ﻝﺤﻡ ﻭﺒﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺱ/ﺍﷲ ﻭﺭﺍﻡ. 2-ﻁﻭﻝﻜﺭﻡ ﺃﻗﻀﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻭﻴﺘﺄﻝﻑ ﻨﺎﺒﻠﺱ ﻝﻭﺍﺀ/ﺠﻨﻴﻥ/ﻨﺎﺒﻠﺱ. 3-ﺍﻝﻠﺩ ﻝﻭﺍﺀ)ﻴﺎﻓﺎ(ﻭﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠﺔ ﻴﺎﻓﺎ ﻗﻀﺎﺌﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻭﻴﺘﺄﻝﻑ. 4-ﺤﻴﻔﺎ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﻭﻴﺘﺄﻝﻑ ﺤﻴﻔﺎ ﻝﻭﺍﺀ. 5-ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭﺓ ﺃﻗﻀﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻭﻴﺘﺄﻝﻑ ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴل ﻝﻭﺍﺀ/ﺒﻴﺴﺎﻥ/ﻁﺒﺭﻴﺎ/ﻋﻜﺎ/ﺼﻔﺩ. 6-ﺍﻝﺴﺒ ﻭﺒﺌﺭ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻀﺎﺌﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻭﻴﺘﺄﻝﻑ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻝﻭﺍﺀﻊ. ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻴﺸﻜل ﻜﺎﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻝﻭﺍﺀ ﺃﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﻏﻡ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ51%ﺍﻝﺒﺎﻝﻐـﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﻤﻥ27009ﻤﺘـﺭ ﻜﻴﻠـﻭ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻴﺸﻜﻠﻭﻥ ﻭﺴﻜﺎﻨﻪ ،ﻤﺭﺒﻊ11) " %191000ﻨﺴﻤﺔ(ﺍﻝﺒﺎﻝﻎ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ ﻤﻥ)1.765000ﻤﻠﻴﻭﻥ ﻨﺴﻤﺔ(2 "ﻝﻤﻨ ﻴﻜﻥ ﻓﻠﻡ ،ﹰﺍﺘﻁﻭﺭ ﺃﻗﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﻤﻥ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺃﻓﻘﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻠﻭﺍﺀ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺇﻻ ،ﻏﺯﺓ ﻝﻭﺍﺀ ﻁﻘﺔ)ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﺒﻊ(ﺃﻴﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻭﺍﻓﺘﻘﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻝﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎ ﻝﻘﻠﺔ ﹰﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺇﻁﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺎﻡ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺃﻱ ﻫﺎﻤﺔ ﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﺅﺴﺴﺎﺕ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻤﻨﺸﺂﺕ. 1.ﻭﻗﺮﺍﻩ ﻏﺰﺓ ﻗﻀﺎء: ﻭ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻴل ﻗﻀﺎﺌﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻕ ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠﺔ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺎل ﻭﻤﻥ ،ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻷﺒﻴﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺏ ﻤﻥ ﻴﺤﺩﻩﺍﻝـﺴﺒﻊ ﺒﺌﺭ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻴﻘﻊ ﻭﺠﻤﻴﻌﻪ ﺴﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﺼﺤﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﻭﻤﻥﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺤﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻬلﺍﻝﻜﺭﻤل ﺒﺠﺒل ﹰﻻﺸﻤﺎ ﻴﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ. ﻋﺎﻡ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﻀﻡ ﻭﻗﺩ1896)71ﻗﺭﻴﺔ(ﻋﺎﻡ ﻭﻓﻲ1910ﻓﺼل ﺘﻡ14ﺍﻷﻗـﻀﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻝﺤﻘﺕ ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﻴﻀﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﺒﻘﻲ ،ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ57ﻋﺎﻡ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻗﺭﻴﺔ1931ﻗﺭ ﺃﺭﺒﻊ ﻓﺼﻠﺕ ﺤﻴﺙﻭﺃﻝﺤﻘـﺕ ﻭﻴﺒﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺎﺭ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻯ ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺎل ﻤﻥ ﻴﺤﺩﻩ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻠﺔ ﺒﻘﻀﺎﺀ3 .ﻭﻫـﻲ ﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﻥ ﺜﻼﺙ ﻴﻀﻡ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺩﺍﺏ ﺃﻭﺍﺨﺭ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺨﺎﻨﻴﻭﻨﺱ ﻭﻏﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺩل53ﺒـ ﺘﻘﺩﺭ ﻭﺒﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﻗﺭﻴﺔ1111.5ﻴﻤﻠﻜـﻭﻥ ﻻ ﺍﻝﻴﻬﻭﺩ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺭﺒﻊ ﻜﻡ ﺴﻭﻯ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ49ﻴﻌﺎﺩل ﻤﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻤﺭﺒﻊ ﻤﺘﺭ ﻜﻴﻠﻭ4.4%ﻤ ﻤﻥﺍﻝﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﺴﺎﺤﺔ. ﻭﺠﻨﻭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﻭﺴﻁﻰ ﺸﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺘﺘﻭﺯﻉ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﻗﺭﻯ: ﺃ(ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﺸﺭﺓ ﺃﺭﺒﻊ ﻭﻋﺩﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻯ: ﺃﺴﺩﻭﺩ/ﺒﺭﻗﺔ/ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻤﻴﺔ/ﺍﻝﺼﻐﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻤﻴﺔ/ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﻁﺎﻨﻲ/ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﻁﺎﻨﻲ/ﺍﻝﻘﺴﻁﻨﻴﻪ/ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻤﺱ ﺘل/ﺩﺭﺍﺱ ﺒﻴﻥ/ﻴﺎﺼﻭﺭ/ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻭﺍﻓﻴﺭ/ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺒ ﺍﻝﺴﻭﺍﻓﻴﺭﻲ/ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺎﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻭﺍﻓﻴﺭ/ﺍﻝﺠﻼﺩﻴﺔ. ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﺸﺭﻭﻥ ﺴﺒﻊ ﻭﻋﺩﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻭﺴﻁﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻯ: 1ج د ، غ ا1-ص142. 2ة ع ا ا ، ا اد-د ون168-ص4. 3ة ع و ا ، ز ا-ص14
4.
3 ﺒﻌﻠﻴﻥ/ﺼﻤﻴل/ﺠﺴﻴﺭ/ﺍﻝﻔﺎﻝﻭﺠﺔ/ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺸﻴﺔ ﻋﺭﺍﻕ/ﻜﺭﺍﺘﻴﺎ/ﺤﺘﻪ/ﺴﻭﻴﺩﺍﻥ ﻋﺭﺍﻕ/ﻋﻔﺎ
ﺒﻴﺕ/ﻋﺒﺩﺱ/ ﺠﻭﻝﺱ/ﺤﻤﺎﻤﻪ/ﺤﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ/ﻁﻴﻤﺔ ﺒﻴﺕ/ﻜﻭﻜﺒﻪ/ﺍﻝﺠﻴﻪ/ﺒﺭﺒﺭﻩ/ﻨﻌﻠﻴﻪ/ﺍﻝﺨﺼﺎﺹ/ﺍﻝﺠﻭﺭﻩ/ﻫﺭﺒﻴﺎ/ ﺠﺭﺠﺎ ﺒﻴﺕ/ﺴﻤﺴﻡ/ﻨﺠﺩ/ﺒﺭﻴﺭ/ﺴﻨﻴﺩ ﺩﻴﺭ/ﺩﻤﺭﻩ. ﺏ(ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺍﺜﻨﺘﺎ ﻭﻋﺩﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﻭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻯ: ﺭﻓﺢ/ﺴﻬﻴﻼ ﺒﻨﻲ/ﻋﺒﺴﺎﻥ/ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺢ ﺩﻴﺭ/ﺨﺯﺍﻋﻪ/ﻻﻫﻴﺎ ﺒﻴﺕ/ﺍﻝﻨﺯﻝﻪ/ﺠﺒﺎﻝﻴﺎ/ﺤﺎﻨﻭﻥ ﺒﻴﺕ/ﻫـﻭﺝ/ ﺍﻝﻜﻭﻓﺨﻪ/ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺭﻗﺔ. "ﺤﻤﺎﻤﻪ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻜﺎﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﻗﺭﻯ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﺃﻤﺎ/ﺍﻝﻔﺎﻝﻭﺠﺔ/ﺍﺴﺩﻭﺩ/ﺠﺒﺎﻝﻴﺎ/ﺴﻬﻴﻼ ﺒﻨﻲ/ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻜﺎﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ ﺒﻠﻎ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺩﺭﺍﺱ ﺒﻴﺕ1947)23790ﻨﺴﻤﺔ(ﻫﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻯ ﻭﺃﺼﻐﺭ ، ﺍﻝﺨﺼﺎﺹ/ﺒﻌﻠﻴﻥ/ﻋﺭﺍﻕﺴﻭﻴﺩﺍﻥ/ﺍﻝﺠﻠﺩﻴﻪ/ﺤﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ/ﺴﻜﺎﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ ﺩﻤﺭﻩ)1840ﻨﺴﻤﺔ(4 . ﻋﺎﻡ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﻗﺭﻯ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺒﻠﻎ ﻭﻗﺩ1947)85930ﻨﺴﻤﺔ(ﺒـﺎﻝﻘﺭﺍﺀﺓ ـﻴﻥﻤﻠﻤﺍﻝ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ17.5%ﺃﻭ)14831ﹰﻼﺭﺠ(5 . ﻋـﺎﻡ ﺃﻭﺍﺌل ﺤﺘﻰ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﻗﺭﻯ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻭﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺃﻤﺎ1948) "30ﻤﺩﺭﺴـﺔ( ﻭ ،ﻝﻠﺫﻜﻭﺭ ﺍﺒﺘﺩﺍﺌﻴﺔ)7(ﺍﻝﻁـﻼﺏ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻭﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻝﻔﺎﻝﻭﺠﺔ ﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﺜﺎﻨﻭﻱ ﻭﺼﻑ ﻝﻠﺒﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﺒﺘﺩﺍﺌﻴﺔ ﻤﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﻠﻴﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﻨﻔﺱ ﻓﻲ ﻥ)6388ﹰﺎﻁﺎﻝﺒ(ﻭ)336ﻁﺎﻝﺒﺔ(6 "ﺍﻝﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻨﺴﺒﺘﻬﻡ7.8.% 2.ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ ﺑﺌﺮ ﻗﻀﺎء: ﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ ﺘﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻝﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ12500ﺒﺌﺭ ﻭﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ،ﻗﺎﺤﻠﺔ ﺼﺤﺭﺍﻭﻴﺔ ﺃﺭﺽ ﻤﻌﻅﻤﻬﺎ ﻤﺭﺒﻊ ﻤﺘﺭ ﻜﻴﻠﻭ ﺠﻤﺎﻤﻪ ﻫﻲ ﻗﺭﻯ ﺴﺒﻊ ﻗﺭﺍﻩ ﻭﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻝﻭﺤﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﺒﻊ/ﻋﺒﺩﻩ/ﺤﻔﻴﺭ ﻋﻭﺠﺎ/ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻝـﺼﺔ/ﻋـﺴﻠﻭﺝ/ ﻓﻭﺘﻴﺱ/ﻜﺭﻨﺏ)ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻴﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺃﺭﺽ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻴﻤﻭﻨﺔ ﻤﻔﺎﻋل ﺃﻨﺸﺊ.( ﻋﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﺒﻊ ﺒﺌﺭ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺒﻠﻎ1948ﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲﻤﻥ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻨﺴﻤﺔ ﺁﻻﻑ ﺴﺘﺔ70%ﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﺒﻊ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺭﺤﻠﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ، ﺍﻝﻌﺸﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻥﺍﻷﻋﻤـﺎل ﻤﻌﻅـﻡ ﻭﺘﻭﻝﻭﺍ ﺘﻁﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺃﺴﻬﻤﻭﺍ ﻭﺍﻷ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻓﻴﺔ ﻋﻤﺎل. ﺍﻝﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﻅﻤﻰ ﺍﻷﻏﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺃﻤﺎ،ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺸـﻴﺔ ﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻴﻌﻴﺸﻭﻥ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻭ ﻤﻥ ﻓﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﻬل ﻤﻥ ﻴﻜﻥ ﻝﻡ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺼﻌﻴﺩ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ،ﺍﻝﺴﻭﺀ ﺒﺎﻝﻐﺔ ﻭﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺃﻭﻀﺎﻉ ﻅل ﻭﻓﻲ ،ﻭﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﻴﺘ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺴﻭﺍﺀ ،ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻴﺸﺔ ﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺩﻨﻰ ﺍﻝﺤﺩ ﺘﻭﻓﺭﺍﻝﻌﻼﺝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻜﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺒﺎﻝﻐﺫﺍﺀ ﻌﻠﻕ. ﻤـﻥ ﻤﺤـﺩﻭﺩﺓ ﻗﻁـﻊ ﺸﺭﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺼﻬﻴﻭﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻅﻤﺎﺕ ﺘﻭﺴﻌﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺒﻌﺩ ﹰﺎﺘﻔﺎﻗﻤ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻭ ﺃﺯﻤﺔ ﺍﺯﺩﺍﺩﺕ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺯﻭﺡ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻫﺠﺭ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﹰﺍﻋﺩﺩ ﺩﻓﻊ ﻤﻤﺎ ،ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌل ﺸﻴﻭﺥ ﺒﻌﺽ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻀﻲ"ﻭﺴـﻭﺭﻴﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ ﺸﺭﻕ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﺯﻴﺭﺓ"7 ﺍﺘﺠﻪ ﻭﻤﻌﻅﻤﻬﻡ ﻭﺴﻴﻨﺎﺀﺍ ﺇﻝﻰﻓﻘﻁ ﻝﻠﻐﺫﺍﺀ ﺤﺎﺠﺘﻬﻡ ﺘﺴﺩ ﺘﻜﺎﺩ ﻻ ﺒﺄﺠﻭﺭ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻝﻠﻌﻤل ﻝﻤﺩﻥ. 4 د ، غ ا-ا ر ا-ول ا ء ا-2-ص14/15. 5 ا ر ا-ص24-ا ر ا 6 ا ر ا-ص23 7 د.دل-ا ى ا-ص30
5.
4 ﺍﻹﻤﻜﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺘﻭﻓﺭﺕ ﻓﻘﺩ
ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﻤﻥﺍﻝﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻨﻔﺫﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺸﺎﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌل ﺭﺅﺴﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻝﻌﺩﺩ ﻤﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻗﺎﻤﻭﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺴﺒﻕﺒﻌﺩ ﻝﺤﺴﺎﺒﻬﻡ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺎﺕ ﺒﺘﺴﺠﻴلﺃﻥﺍﻷﻏﻠﺒﻴـﺔ ﺤﺭﻡ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻝﻠﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﹰﺎﻤﺸﺎﻋ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﺒ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺤﻘﺔﻭﺭﻏﻡ ،ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺘﺭﻙ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻘﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺩﻭ"ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻘﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻤﺎﻴﺯ"ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻤﻡ ﺒﻴﻥﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﻋﻅﻡ ﹰﺍﺃﻤﺭ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﺴﻭﺘﻪ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺵ ﺸﻅﻑ ﺘﺤﻤﻠﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻭ"ﹰﺎﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴ"ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺭﺍﺽ ﻴﺠﻭﺯ ﻻ.ﻓﻘـﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻭﺭﻏﻡ ﺍﻝ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻗﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﺭﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻨﺨﺭﺍﻁﻬﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻭ ﺃﺤﻭﺍل ﺴﻭﺀ ﺃﺩﻯﺍﻝﺤﺭﻜـﺔ ﻗﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻀﻤﻥ ﻤﺸﺎﻴﺦ ﻭﺍﻝﻤـﺸﺎﺭﻜﺔ ،ﺤﻔﻴﺭ ﻋﻭﺠﺎ ﻤﻌﺘﻘل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺘﻘﻠﻴﻥ ﻤﺴﺎﻨﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺨﺎﺹ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺩﻭﺭﻫﻡ ﻭﺒﺭﺯ ،ﺁﻨﺫﺍﻙ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ ﺘﻼﻫﺎ ﻭﻤﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺎﻭﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ. ﻋﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻭ ﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﺒﻠﻎ1948ﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ93000ﻭﻗﺒﻴﻠﺘﻴﻥ ﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻗﺒﺎﺌل ﺨﻤﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻭﺯﻋﻴﻥ ﻨﺴﻤﺔ ﺃﻝﻑ ﺜﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺃﻓﺨﺎﺫ ﻭﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ ،ﺎﻨﻭﻴﺘﻴﻥ)75(ﹰﺍﻓﺨﺫ8 : 1-ﻭﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﻋﺸﻴﺭﺓ ﻋﺸﺭﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻭﺘﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﺒﻴﻥ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ32500ﻨﺴﻤﺔﻋﺎﻡ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﻭﻴﻘﺩﺭ ،2006 ﺒﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ)181750(ﻨﺴﻤﺔ. 2-ﻤﻥ ﻭﺘﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻴﺎﻫﺎ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ26ﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ ﻭﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﻋﺸﻴﺭﺓ25000ﻨﺴﻤﺔ ﺃﻝﻑ. 3-ﻭﺘﺘﻜ ﺍﻝﻌﺯﺍﺯﻤﺔ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔﻤﻥ ﻭﻥ10ﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ ﻭﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﻋﺸﺎﺌﺭ16500ﻨﺴﻤﺔ. 4-ﻤﻥ ﻭﺘﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ13ﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ ﻭﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﻋﺸﻴﺭﺓ8000ﻨﺴﻤﺔ. 5-ﻤﻥ ﻭﺘﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻨﺎﺠﺭﺓ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ4ﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ ﻭﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﻋﺸﺎﺌﺭ7500ﻨﺴﻤﺔ. 6-ﻤﻥ ﻭﺘﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻴﺩﻴﻭﻥ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ4ﻋﺸﺎﺌﺭ)ﺍﻷﺼل ﺤﻭﻴﻁﺎﺕ(1700ﻨﺴﻤﺔ. 7-ﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ ﻭﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻠﺤﻴﻭﺍﺕ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ1600ﻨﺴﻤﺔ. ﻋﺎﻡ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻏﺰﺓ ﻗﻀﺎء ﰲ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﺿﺎﻉ1948: ﻋﺎﻡ ﻗﺒل ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻀﺎﻉ ﺘﻤﻴﺯﺕ1948ﺭﺌﻴـﺴﻴﺘﻴﻥ ﻁﺒﻘﺘﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺒﺎﻨﻘﺴﺎﻡ ﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﻜﻴﻥ ﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﻫﻤﺎﺍﻹﻗﻁﺎﻋﻴﻴﻥﺍﻝﺤـﺭﻓﻴﻴﻥ ﻤـﻥ ﻀﺌﻴل ﻫﺎﻤﺵ ﺘﻭﺍﺠﺩ ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎ ،ﻋﺎﻡ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻭﺍﻝﻔﻼﺤﻭﻥ ﻭﺼﻐﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﻭﺼﻐﺎﺭﻤـﻥ ﻋـﺩﺩ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺘﻭﺯﻋﻭﺍ ﻋﺎﻤل ﺍﻝﺴﺘﻤﺎﺌﺔ ﻋﺩﺩﻫﻡ ﻴﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻓﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺎل ﺃﻤﺎ ،ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻅﻔﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻴﺩﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺸﺂﺕﻭﺍﻝﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻭﺍﻝﻔﺨﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻷﻏﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﺒﻭﻥ ﻭﻤﻌﺎﻤل. ﻭﻓﻲ ﹰﺎﻋﻤﻭﻤ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻘﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻤﺎﻴﺯ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻝﻘﺩﺍﻝﻘـﺴ ﺒﺎﻝﻎ ﺍﻝﺨﺼﻭﺹ ﻭﺠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻀﺎﺀﺃﻥ ﺇﺫ ﻭﺓ ﻗ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻔﻼﺡ ﺍﻹﻗﻁﺎﻋﻲ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗﺔﺒﻤﺠﻤـل ﺘﺘـﺄﺜﺭ ﻭﻝﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﻌﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻗﺭﺏ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﹰﺎﻋﻤﻭﻤ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺭﻯ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻁﻭﺭ–ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ. ﻤﻥ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻜﺎﻥ30%ﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﺒﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻝﻠﻌﻤل ﻭﺍﻀﻁﺭﻭﺍ ،ﹰﺎﺃﺭﻀ ﻴﻤﻠﻜﻭﻥ ﻻ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻼﺤﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﻜﻴﻥ)ﺍﻷﻓﻨﺩﻴﺔ(ﻜ ﻴﻭﻤﻴﺔ ﺒﺄﺠﺭﺓ ﻤﻭﺴﻤﻴﻴﻥ ُﺠﺭﺍﺀﺄﻜﻝﻪ ﻴﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺎ ﻋﺩﺍ ﻗﺭﻭﺵ ﺨﻤﺴﺔ ﻋﻥ ﹰﺎﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨ ﺘﻘل ﺎﻨﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻴﻘﺭﺏ ﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻜﺫﻝﻙ ،ﻭﺍﻹﺯﺩﺭﺍﺀ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﺴﻭﺓ ﺘﻤﻴﺯﺕ ﻤﻌﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻤﻥ ُﺠﺭﺍﺀﻷﺍ ﻫﺅﻻﺀ50%ﺍﻝﻘـﻀﺎﺀ ﻓﻼﺤـﻲ ﻤﻥ 8 غ ا-ر-ص406/477.
6.
5 ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻤﻥ ﺼﻐﻴﺭﺓ
ﹰﺎﻗﻁﻌ ﻴﻤﻠﻜﻭﻥ)10ﻓﺄﻗل ﺩﻭﻨﻤﺎﺕ(ﺒﺎﻝـﺴﻴﺩ ﻫـﺅﻻﺀ ﻋﻼﻗـﺔ ﺘﻜﻥ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻋﺎﺌﻼﺘﻬﻡ ﺃﻭﺩ ﺘﻘﻴﻡ ﻻ ﻋﻥ ﹰﺍﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﺘﺘﻤﻴﺯ ﺍﻹﻗﻁﺎﻋﻲﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﻴﻥ ُﺠﺭﺍﺀﻷﺍ ﺇﺨﻭﺍﻨﻬﻡ. ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺏ ﻗﺒل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻋﻤﺎ ﹰﺎﻀﻌﻔ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﺃﺴﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﻭﻤﻊ ﺃﺠـل ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻝﺘـﺴﺎﺒﻕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺨﺎﺹ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ﺒﺸﻜل ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﻜﻴﻥ ﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻨﺩﻓﻊ ،ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻰ ﻓﻘﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﺴﺘﻐﻼل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺯﻴﺩ ﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﺄﺴﻴﺱﻤﻌﻅﻤـﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻴﻤﻠﻜـﻭﻥ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺇﺠﺒﺎﺭﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﻔﻼﺤﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﺩﺭﻴـﺔ ﺍﻝـﺸﺩﻴﺩ ﻭﺇﻴﻤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﻋﻔﻭﻴﺘﻪ ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻼﺡ ﺒﺴﺎﻁﺔ ﻝﻜﻥ ﻤﻌﻅﻤﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺸﺭﻭﻋﺔ ﺘﻜﻥ ﻝﻡ ﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﺒﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺯﻴـﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺴﻬﻡ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻜل ﺩﻴﻭﻨﻪ ﺴﺩﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺩﺭﺘﻪ ﻭﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﻜﻴﻥ ﻭﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻁﺔ ﺇﺭﻫﺎﺏ ﻤﻥ ﻭﺨﻭﻓﻪ ﻭﺍﻝﻐﻴﺒﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺴﺘﺤﻭﺍﺫ"ﺍﻷﻓﻨﺩﻴﺔ"ﻤﻌﻅﻤﻬـﺎ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻯ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺃﻥ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﺃﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﻤﻌﻅﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﹰﺎﺨﺎﻝﺼ ﹰﺎﻤﻠﻜ ﻜﺎﻨﺕﻝﻺﻗﻁﺎﻋﻲﻭﺍﻝﻼﻤﺸﺭﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻅﺎﻝﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺓ ﺠﺒﺭﻭﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﹰﺎﺩﻭﻤ ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ. "ﻋﺎﻡ ﻭﺤﺘﻰ1948ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺌﺩﺓ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻝﻭﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﻤﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﺒﻠﻐﺕ28ﻭﺒﺌﺭ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻀﺎﺌﻲ ﻤﻥ ﹰﺎﺸﺨﺼ ﺍﻝﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻠﻴﻭﻨﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﺒﻊﻤﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ،ﻭﻨﻤﺎﺕ)11(ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﹰﺎﺸﺨﺼ)100(ﻤﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﺭﺍﻭﺤﺕ ﻓﺭﺩ ﻝﻜل ﺩﻭﻨﻡ ﺃﻝﻑ)7( ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ)30(ﻭ ﺃﻝﻑ)100(ﺩﻭﻨﻡ ﺃﻝﻑ")10(ﺍﻤﺘـﺩ ﻭﺇﻨﻤﺎ ،ﺒﺤﺎﻝﻬﺎ ﻗﺭﻯ ﻓﻘﻁ ﻴﻤﺘﻠﻜﻭﺍ ﻝﻡ ﺇﻨﻬﻡ ،ﻨﻔـﻭﺫﻫﻡ ﻴﻤﻠﻜﻭﻨﻬﺎ ﻻ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻗﺭﻯ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻭﺴﻠﻁﺘﻬﻡ"9 . ﻨ ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺄﻤل ﺒﺎﻝﺘﺴﺠﻴل ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺜﻭﺍﺒﺕ ﻭﻤﻥﺍﻝﻔﻠـﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﻼﺤﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲ ﺸﻌﺒﻨﺎ ﻀﺎل ﻋﺎﻡ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﻗﻭﺩ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ1948ﺍﻝﺜﻭﺭﺓ ﻤﻘﺎﺘﻠﻲ ﺨﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺭﻴﻑ ﻴﻨﺠﺏ ﺃﻥ ﹰﺎﻏﺭﻴﺒ ﻴﻜﻥ ﻭﻝﻡ ، ﻝـﻡ ﺤﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ،ﺍﻝﺼﻬﻴﻭﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺩﺍﺏ ﻀﺩ ﺍﻝﺜﻭﺭﻱ ﻝﻠﻌﻤل ﻭﺍﻝﻔﻌﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻤﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺭﻙ ﻫﻡ ﺒﺤﻕ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﻙ ﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﻴﻜﻥ)ﺍﻷﻓﻨﺩﻴﺔ(ﺘﻠﺘﻘﻲ ﺘﻜﻥ ﻝﻡ ﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ ﺁﻓﺎﻕ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﻗﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺘﺼﺩﺭﺕ ﻫﺸﺔ ﻭﺍﺠﻬﺔ ﺴﻭﻯ ﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻫﻴﺭ ﻭﺘﻁﻠﻌﺎﺕ ﺁﻓﺎﻕ ﻤﻊ–ﺍﻷﻏﻠﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ–ﻝﺩﻯ ﺍﻝﺜﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻭﺘﻬﺩﺌﺔ ﺍﻤﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻯ ﻤﻊ ﻭﻋﻼﻗﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻤﺼﺎﻝﺤﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻘﻲ ﻭﻀﻌﻬﺎ ﻤﻊ ﹰﺎﻤﻨﺴﺠﻤ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﺭ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ،ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ ﻓﻘﺭﺍﺀﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴـﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﺠﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ. ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ ﺭﺟﻮﺍﺯﻳﺔ: ﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﹰﺍﻭﻨﻅﺭﺍﻹﻗﻁﺎﻋﻴﺔﺍﻝﻁﺒﻘـﺔ ﺤﺠﻡ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺌﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻤـﺭﺘﺒﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻬﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻭﻅﻔﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻓﻴﻴﻥ ﺼﻐﺎﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻌﻅﻤﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﹰﺍﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺼﻐﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﺠﻭﺍﺯﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺒﺂﺨﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺒﺸﻜلﺩﻴﺔﺍﻹﻨﺘﺎﺠﻴﺔ،ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻤﻠﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺨﻼﻗﻴـﺔ ﺍﻝـﺴﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺘﻬـﺎ ﺒﻜل ،ﺍﻝﻤﻼﻜﻴﻥ ﻝﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ"ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻘﺔ"ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤـﻕ ،ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺤﺯﺍﺏ ﻓﻲ ﹰﺍﻤﻤﻴﺯ ﹰﺍﺩﻭﺭ ﻴﻤﺎﺭﺴﻭﺍ ﻝﻡ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻗﺴﻡ ﺍﺘﺠﻪ ﻜﺫﻝﻙ ،ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﺭﻀﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻘﻠﻴﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺤﺯﺍﺏ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻀﻤﻥﺇﻝﻰ"ﺍﻻﻝﺘﺤـﺎﻕ ﻤﺜل ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺸﻜﻠﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻜﺭﻴﺔ ﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻅﻤﺎﺕ ﺒﺒﻌﺽ)ﺍﻝﻔﺘﻭﺓ(ﻭ)ﺍﻝﻨﺠﺎﺩﺓ(ﺍﻨﺠﺫﺒﺕ ﺤﻴﻥ ﻓﻲﺃﻗﻠﻴﺔﻤـﻥ ﺍﻝﺼﻐﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺒﻭﺭﺠﻭﺍﺯﻴﺔﺍﻝﻤﺎﺭﻜﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ)ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﺤﺭﺭ ﻋﺼﺒﺔ"(10 . 9 ﺩ.ﻋﻤﺭ ﺍﺒﻭ ﺯﻴﺎﺩ-ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺨل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﻌﺏ)ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﻋﻥ(ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋ ﺍﻻﻭﻀﺎﻉﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﻴﺔ-ﺹ184. 10 در ا-م ا ا ح آ1948-ص195
7.
6 ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﺟﻮﺍﺯﻳﺔ:]ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ[ ﺍ
ﺒﻌﺽ ﺃﺼﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻁﻭﺭ ﺭﻏﻡﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻝﻤﺩﻥ)ﻴﺎﻓـﺎ–ﺤﻴﻔـﺎ–ﻋﻜـﺎ–ﺍﻝﻘـﺩﺱ– ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭﺓ(ﺘﻭﻓﺭﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻹﻗﻁﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺘﺭﺍﺠﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺃﺴﻬﻡ،ﺍﻝﺘﺒﻌﻴـﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﺃﺴﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﻤﻘﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋـﺔ ﺘﺤﻭل ﻓﻲ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺃﺴﻬﻡ ﺒﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﺘﺼﺩﻴﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﺸﻭﺌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺩﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ)ﹰﺎﺨـﺼﻭﺼ ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻀﻴﺎﺕ(ﺍ ﻤﻜﺜﻔﺔ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﺇﻝﻰﻭﺍﻷﺴـﺎﻝﻴﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻘـﺭﻭﺽ ﻭﺍﻝﺒﻨـﻭﻙ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻭﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﺎل ﺭﺃﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺘﻤﺩﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﺩﻯ ﻤﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺜﺔﺒﺎﺘﺠـﺎﻩ ﺍﻝﻔﻠـﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔﺍﻝﺘﻜﻴـﻑﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗـﺎﺕ ﻤـﻊ ﺍﻝﺒﻭﺭﺠﻭﺍﺯﻴﺔ ﺒﺭﺯﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎل ﻫﺫﺍ ﻭﻓﻲ ،ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﻭﻫﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﺃﺴﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﺍ ﻓﻲﺍﻝﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺘﻠﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺤﺯﺍﺏ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻀﺩ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻤل ﻓﻲ ﺒﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﺴﺎﻫﻤﺕ ،ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﺫﻜﻭﺭﺓ ﻝﻤﺩﻥ. ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﺒﻭﺭﺠﻭﺍﺯﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺔ ﻀﻌﻑ ﻓﻨﻼﺤﻅ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻤﺎ ﺘﻜﻥ ﻭﻝﻡ ،ﻤﻨﺎﺯﻉ ﺒﻼ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺌﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻘﺔ ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﺘﻘﻠﻴﺩﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﻜﻴﻥ ﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﻝﻬﻴﻤﻨﺔ ﹰﺍﻨﻅﺭﺍﻝﻁﺒﻘـﺔ ﻫـﺫﻩ ﻨﻤﻭ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺎﺕ ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻤـﺎ ﺍﻝﻌـﻀﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗـﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺒﺤﻴـﺙ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﻜﻴﻥ ﻝﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﻭﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻲ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ ﺍﻤﺘﺩﺍﺩ ﺴﻭﻯ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﺒﻭﺭﺠﻭﺍﺯﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﻤﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻨﺘﺼﻑ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻤﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺴﺘﻤﺭﺕ. ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﻭﺭﺠﻭﺍﺯﻴﺔ ﻨﻭﺍﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻬﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﻻﺕ ﻭﻤﻥ–ﹰﺎﻋﻤﻭﻤ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻡ ﻭﻓﻲ–ﻓـﻲ ﺘﺘـﺸﻜل ﻝﻡ ﺩﺍﺨﺍﻝﺴﺎﺌﺩﺓ ﻝﻠﻁﺒﻘﺔ ﹰﺎﻨﻘﻴﻀ ﺘﻜﻥ ﻭﻝﻡ ،ﺍﻝﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻨﻴﺔ ل)ﺍﻹﻗﻁﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺸﺒﻪ(ﹰﺍﺍﻤﺘﺩﺍﺩ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺒل"ﹰﺎﻋﺼﺭﻴ"،ﻝﻬﺎ ﻜﻭﻤﺒﺭﺍﺩﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺒﻭﺭﺠﻭﺍﺯﻴﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺘﻁﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻤﻲ ﺍﻝﺭﺃﺴﻤﺎﻝﻲ ﻝﻠﺴﻭﻕ ﹰﺎﻤﺨﻠﺼ ﹰﺎﻭﺘﺎﺒﻌ. ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ)1948-1955( ﺍﺘﻔﺎﻗﻴ ﺃﺜﺭ ﻋﻠﻰﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻗﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻬﺩﻨﺔ ﺔﺒﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻱ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﻓﺩﻴﻥ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺩﻭﺱ24ﺸﺒﺎﻁ/1949، ﺘﺤﺩﺩﺕ"ﺨﺎﺭﻁﺔ"ﺘﻌﺭﻑ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻥ ﻓﺒﻌﺩ ،ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲ ﺸﻌﺒﻨﺎ ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻴﺩ ﻓﺼل ﻭﺒﺩﺃ ،ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺘﺒﻠﻎ ﻭﺒﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺴﺘﻴﻥ ﻤﺩﻥ ﺃﺭﺒﻊ ﻀﻤﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺒﻠﻭﺍﺀ)13688ﻤﺭﺒﻊ ﻤﺘﺭ ﻜﻴﻠﻭ(ﺒﺎﺴﻡ ﺘﻌﺭﻑ ﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ "ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻀﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﺕ ﻝﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ"ﻭﺘـﺴﻊ ﻭﺨﺎﻨﻴﻭﻨﺱ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻫﻤﺎ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺘﻴﻥ ﻓﻘﻁ ﻭﺘﻀﻤﻨﺕ ﺠﺒﺎﻝﻴﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻗﺭﻯ/ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺯﻝﺔ/ﻻﻫﻴﺎ ﺒﻴﺕ/ﺤﺎﻨﻭﻥ ﺒﻴﺕ/ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺢ ﺩﻴﺭ/ﺴﻬﻴﻠﺔ ﺒﻨﻲ/ﻭﺍﻝـﺼﻐﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﻋﺒﺴﺎﻥ/ ﺨﺯﺍﻋﺔ/ﺘﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻻ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻓﺢ365ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺘﻤﺜل ﻤﺭﺒﻊ ﻤﺘﺭ ﻜﻴﻠﻭ20.6%ﺃ ﻤﻥﺭﺍﻀـﻲ ﻭﺒﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻝﻭﺍﺀ1.35%ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺃﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﻤﻥ. ﺍﺼﻁﻼﺡ ﺃﻤﺎ"ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ"ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﻥ ﺸﻬﺭ ﺃﻭﺍﺌل ﻤﻨﺫ ﹰﺎﺭﺴﻤﻴ ﻅﻬﺭ ﻓﻘﺩ1954ﻓﻲ"ﻗﺭﺍﺭ11 ﺭﺌـﻴﺱ ﻝﻘﻁـﺎﻉ ﹰﺎﺇﺩﺍﺭﻴ ﹰﺎﺤﺎﻜﻤ ﺭﻓﻌﺕ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻷﻤﻴﺭﺍﻻﻱ ﺒﺘﻌﻴﻴﻥ ﻴﻘﻀﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ،ﻨﺠﻴﺏ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﻭﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﻬﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ"ﺤﺩﻭﺩﻩ ﻀﻤﻥ"ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ"ﺍﻝﺘﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ ﺒﻁﻭل ﹰﻻﺸﻤﺎ ﺤﺎﻨﻭﻥ ﺒﻴﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﹰﺎﺠﻨﻭﺒ ﺭﻓﺢ ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺘﺒﺩﺃ ﻲ48ﻤﺘﺭ ﻜﻴﻠﻭ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻴﺘﺭﺍﻭﺡ ﻭﻋﺭﺽ6-9ﻤﺘﺭ ﻜﻴﻠﻭ. ﻋﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻗﺩﺭ ﻭﻗﺩ1944ﺒﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ)63250ﻨﺴﻤﺔ(ﻋﺎﻡ ﻭﻓﻲ1948ﺒﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ)90ﺃﻝﻑ ﻨﺴﻤﺔ(ﻭﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺏ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺘﺩﻓﻕ ﺃﻥ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻤﺭﺍﺕ ﺜﻼﺙ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺩ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺘﻀﺎﻋﻑ ،ﻤﻥ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﻫﺎ200 11 ا رون ه--ص65
8.
7 ﻻ ﺃﻝﻑﺍﻝﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ
ﻭﻗﺭﻯ ﻤﺩﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺊ12 ﻋﺎﻡ ﻭﻓﻲ1952ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻗﺩﺭﺒــ294603ﺃﻝـﻑ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻨﺴﻤﺔ20117313 ﺍﻝﻼﺠﺌﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻝﻑ. ﻤﺨﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻼﺠﺌﻭﻥ ﺘﻭﺯﻉ ﻭﻗﺩ14 : 1-ﺠﺒﺎﻝﻴﺎ ﻤﺨﻴﻡ:ﻋﺎﻡ ﺃﻨﺸﺊ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺠﺒﺎﻝﻴﺎ ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﺸﺭﻗﻲ ﺸﻤﺎل ﻭﻴﻘﻊ1954ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﺭﺽ ﻋﻠﻰ500ﺩﻭﻨﻡ. 2-ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻁﺊ ﻤﺨﻴﻡ:ﻋﺎﻡ ﺃﻨﺸﺊ1954ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﺭﺽ ﻋﻠﻰ450ﻏﺯﺓ ﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺎﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻁﺊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﹰﺎﺩﻭﻨﻤ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺘﻪ ﺘﻀﺎﻋﻔﺕ ﻭﻗﺩ. 3-ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺞ ﻤﺨﻴﻡ:ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺘﻪ350ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻴـﻕ ﺸـﺭﻕ ﻤﺘـﺭﺍﺕ ﻜﻴﻠﻭ ﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺒﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺠﻨﻭﺏ ،ﹰﺎﺩﻭﻨﻤ ﺍﻝﺭﺌﻴﺴﻲ. 4-ﺍﻝﻨﺼﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻤﺨﻴﻡ:ﻭﻴﻘﻊﻤﺴﺎﺤﺘﻪ ،ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺞ ﻤﺨﻴﻡ ﻤﻘﺎﺒل ﺍﻝﺭﺌﻴﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺏ ﺇﻝﻰ280ﺩﻭﻨﻡ. 5-ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺎﺯﻱ ﻤﺨﻴﻡ:ﻭﻤﺴﺎﺤﺘﻪ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻤﺘﺭ ﻜﻴﻠﻭ ﺒﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﺞ ﻤﺨﻴﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻴﻘﻊ180ﺩﻭﻨﻡ. 6-ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺢ ﺩﻴﺭ ﻤﺨﻴﻡ:ﻭﻤﺴﺎﺤﺘﻪ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺢ ﺩﻴﺭ ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﻏﺭﺒﻲ ﻴﻘﻊ150ﹰﺎﺩﻭﻨﻤ. 7-ﺨﺎﻨﻴﻭﻨﺱ ﻤﺨﻴﻡ:ﺒﺎﺘﺠ ﺨﺎﻨﻴﻭﻨﺱ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺏ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻭﻴﻘﻊﺤـﺩﻭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺘﻪ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﺸﺎﻁﺊ ﺎﻩ500 ﺩﻭﻨﻡ. 8-ﺭﻓﺢ ﻤﺨﻴﻡ:ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺘﻪ700ﺩﻭﻨﻡ. ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﺿﺎﻉ ﺣﻮﻝ/ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﰲ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔﺍﻟﻨﻜﺒﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ: ﻋﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﻨﻜﺒﺔ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﺴﺘﻘﺭﺍﺀ ﻋﺒﺭ1948ﺒﻭﻀﻭﺡ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺭﻑ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ،ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴـﺔ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻀﺎﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ،ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻁﺎﺭﺌﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻀﺎﻉ ﻀﻤﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ"ﻝﻘﺩﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺘﺭﺍﻓﻕ"ﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊﺍﻝﻼﺠﺌﻴﻥ"ﻜﺎﻤـل ﺸـﺒﻪ ﺍﻨﻬﻴﺎﺭ ﻤﻊ ﻗﺒل ﻤﺎ ﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﻘﺎﻋﺩﺓ1948"15 . ﻤﻼﻤﺢ ﺃﺒﺭﺯ ﺘﻠﺨﻴﺹ ﻭﻴﻤﻜﻥ"ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ:" 1-ﻤـﻥ ﻴﻘـﺭﺏ ﺒﻤﺎ ﺴﻜﺎﻨﻪ ﺍﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﻓﻘﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻜﺎﻨﻲ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻝﺼﻌﻴﺩﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻨﻴﻭﻱ ﻝﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﺘﻌﺭﺽ 300ﺨﻼل ﺃﻝﻑﻫﺅﻻﺀ ﻭﻤﻌﻅﻡ ،ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻋﺎﻡ)ﻭﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ ﻻﺠﺌﻴﻥ(ﹰﺍﺠﺩ ﻓﻘﻴﺭﺓ ﺭﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺃﺼﻭل ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﺤﺩﺭﻭﻥ "ﻤﻤﻴﺯﺓ ﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻨﻴﺔ ﺒﺨﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﻴﺘﻤﺘﻌﻭﻥ ﻭﻻ"16 . 2-ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩﻩ ﻤﻥ ﹰﺍﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﹰﺍﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻘﺩ: ﺃ(67%ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺃﺭﺍﻀﻴﻪ ﻤﻥ. ﺏ(ﺍﻝﺴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺎل ﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﻁﺎﻝﺔ ﺍﻨﺘﺸﺭﺕﻗﻭﺍﺕ ﻤﻌﺴﻜﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭ ،ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺩﺍﺏ. 12 د.ا د ز-ة ع ا ت آ ا ى ا-ص15 13 ز ا-ة ع و ا-ص16 14غ ا-ا ر ا-ص307 15 اا-ة ع48/67-ص310 16 د.ا د ز-ة ع ا ع و ا-ا ت را ا ا ا ا ا ب آ-ص178
9.
8 ﺝ(ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﹰﺍﻜﺒﻴﺭ
ﹰﺍﺠﺯﺀ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺎﻭﻝﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺩ ﻓﻘﺩ. ﺩ(ﺤﻭﺍﻝﻲ ﻓﻘﺩ80%ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺩﺍﺨل ﻤﻠﻜﻴﺎﺘﻬﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺯﺍﺭﻋﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﻤﻼﻙ ﻤﻥ17 . 3-ﺯﺍﻝﻐ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺌﻼﺕ ﺘﻌﺩ ﻓﻠﻡ ،ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﻜﻴﻥ ﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﻤﻠﻜﻴﺎﺕ ﺘﻘﻠﺼﺕﺍﻹﻗﻁﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺸﺒﻪ ﻴﺔ)ﺍﻷﻓﻨﺩﻴـﺔ( ﻤﻥ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻌﻅﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﻘﺩ ،ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻨﻤﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻝﻭﻑ ﻋﺸﺭﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺴﺘﺤﻭﺫ80%ﺫﻝﻙ ﻭﺭﻏﻡ ،ﺃﺭﺍﻀﻴﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﹰﺎﻗﻴﺎﺴ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﹰﺎﻗﻁﻌ ﻴﻤﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺌﻼﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻅل ﻓﻘﺩ ﻋﺎﺌﻼ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺜﺎل ﺴﺒﻴل ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ،ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﻀﺎﻉ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲﻤﻨﻬـﺎ ﻨـﺫﻜﺭ ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺓ ﺕ)ﺍﻝـﺸﻭﺍ/ ﺍﻝﺼﻭﺭﺍﻨﻲ/ﺍﻝﺭﻴﺱ/ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻴﻨﻲ/ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ ﺃﺒﻭ/ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﻲ/ﺨﻴﺎل/ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺍ/ﺍﻷﺴـﻁل/ﻤـﺩﻴﻥ ﺃﺒـﻭ/ ﺭﺩﺍﻝﻤﺼ/ﺴﻠﻴﻡ ﺃﺒﻭ/ﺸﺭﺍﺏ...ﺍﻝﺦ(ﺃﺠـﻭﺩ ﻭﻤـﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ ﻝﻠﻌﺎﺌﻠﺔ ﺩﻭﻨﻡ ﺃﻝﻑ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺘﻤﺘﻠﻙ ﻅﻠﺕ ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻀﻲ. ﺒﻘ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺌﻼﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺃﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﺘﺴﺠﻴل ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺭ ﻭﻤﻥﺍﻝﻁـﺎﺒﻊ ﻭﺒﻘـﻲ ،ﹰﺍﻭﻨﻔـﻭﺫ ﺴـﻁﻭﺓ ﺍﻷﻜﺜـﺭ ﻫـﻲ ﻴـﺕ "ﺍﻷﺭﺴﺘﻘﺭﺍﻁﻲ"ﺍﻹﻗﻁﺎﻋﻲﻭﻋﻘﻠﻴﺔ"ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺩﺓ"ﹰﺍﻤﻤﻴﺯ ﹰﺍﺃﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻫﻴﺭ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻓﻲ ﻭﻻﺠﺊ ﻤﻭﺍﻁﻥ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻓﺭﻕ ﻻ ﺍﻝﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﻴﻥ ًﺠﺭﺍﺀﻷﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﻔﻼﺤﻴﻥ ﺃﻭﺴﺎﻁ ﻓﻲ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺤﺎﺩ ﺒﺸﻜل ﹰﺎﻭﻤﻠﺤﻭﻅ. 4-ﺍﻝﺒﻨﻴﻭﻱ ﺍﻝﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺃﻥ ﹰﺎﺃﻴﻀ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﺤﻅ ﻤﻥﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﻝﻪ ﺘﻌﺭﺽ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ1948ﻝﻡ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻝﺼﻌﻴﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻝﻠﺠﻤﺎﻫﻴﺭ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﻋﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻠﻤﻭﺱ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺩﻴﺅﺒﻁﺒﻘﺔ ﻋﻼﻗﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻘﻴﺭﺓ"ﺍﻷﻓﻨﺩﻴﺔ" ﺍﻝﺒـﺩﻭ ﻭﻤﺸﺎﻴﺦ ﺍﻝﻤﺨﺎﺘﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻊ ﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺘﻜﻭﻴﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﻁﺎﻋﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﻘﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺭﻤﻭﺯ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻼﺠﺌﻴﻥ ﻤﻥﻗﺩﻴﻤـﺔ ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴﺔ ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺒﻬﺅﻻﺀ ﺘﺭﺒﻁﻬﻡ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺴﻭﺍﺀ ﺤﺩ ﻋﻠﻰﻗﺎﻤـﺕ ﺍﻝـﺴﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘـﻭﻯ ﺃﻭ ،ﺍﻝﻁﻠﻴﻌﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﻋﻲ ﻏﻴﺎﺏ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ،ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻴﻘﻴﻥ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺘﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﻝﺢ ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴـﺔ ﺍﻝـﺴﻴﺎﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﻅـﺎﻡ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺸﻲﺀ ﻜل ﻭﻗﺒل ،ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺘﻜﺭﻴﺱ ﺃﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﻤﻥ ﹰﺎﺴﺒﺒ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺎﻋﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻁ ﻝﻬﺫﻩ ﻗﺩﻡ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩﻤﻤﻴﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺴﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﻭﻀﺎﻉ ﺼﻼﺤﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﻙ ﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻘﺔ. 5-ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﺩﺕ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺇﻥ"ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﺩﻯ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲ ﻝﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺱ ﺍﻨﻬﻴﺎﺭ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺘﻘﻠﻴﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺘﻔﺴﺦ"18 ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻅﺭﻭﻑ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻓﺭﻀﺕ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻼﺠﺌﻴﻥ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ، ﺴﻠﻭﻜﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﺔﻤﺜـل ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻴﻤـﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻡ ﺘﺴﺘﻭﻋﺒﻬﺎ ﻝﻡﻝﻠﻌﻤـل ﺍﻝﻤـﺭﺃﺓ ﺍﻀـﻁﺭﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻜل ﺃﺴﻬﻡ ﻭﻗﺩ ،ﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﻤﻬﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻤل ،ﻭﺍﻝﺒﻁﺎﻝﺔ ،ﻝﻸﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺒﻲ ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﻘﻼلﺍﻷﻭﻝﻰ ﺍﻻﻏﺘﺭﺍﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺨﻠﻕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻓﻘﻁ19 ﻤ ،ﹰﺎﻭﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴ ﹰﺎﻤﺎﺩﻴ ﹰﻼﺜﻘﻴ ﹰﺎﺍﻨﺴﺤﺎﻗ ﱠﺩﻝﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﺨﻴﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺌﺱ ﻓﺎﻝﻭﻀﻊﺜل ﻫـﺫﺍ ﺒـﺅﺱ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺯﺯ ﻭﻗﺩ ،ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻭﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻤﺭﺍﺽ ﺘﻔﺸﻲ ،ﺍﻹﻋﺎﻨﺔ ﻻﺴﺘﻼﻡ ﻁﻭﺍﺒﻴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﻗﻭﻑ ﻝـﺩﻯ ﺍﻝﺠﻤـﺎﻋﻲ ﺒـﺎﻻﻏﺘﺭﺍﺏ ﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﻓﺘﻭﻝﺩ ،ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻀﺎﻉ ﻭﺨﺭﺍﺏ ﻀﻌﻑ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻫ ﱠﺔﻠﻋ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﺨﻠﺹ ﺒل ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺘﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻀﺎﻉ ﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﻝﻬﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﻼﺹ ﻴﻜﻥ ﻝﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻼﺠﺌﻴﻥﺫﺍ ﺭﻓﻀﻭﺍ ﻝﺫﻝﻙ ،ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻭﺠﻭﺩ–ﺍﻝﻔﻘﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ ﺠﻤﺎﻫﻴﺭ ﻭﻤﻌﻬﻡ–ﺍﻹﺴـﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺸﺎﺭﻴﻊ ﻜل ﺒﺈﺼﺭﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ ﻫﻭﻴﺘﻬﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﹰﺎﺤﻔﺎﻅ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﻁﻴﻥ. 17 د.ا د ز-ا ر ا-ص178 18 ة ع ا ا ، ا اد-ر-ص5 19 ا اد-ر-ص6
10.
9 ﺘﺄﺴـﺴﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﻴﻥ
ﺍﻝﻼﺠﺌﻴﻥ ﻭﺘﺸﻐﻴل ﻹﻏﺎﺜﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﻤﻡ ﻭﻜﺎﻝﺔ ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﻴﻌﺯﺯﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻜﺎﻨﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﻤﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻘﺭﺍﺭﻋﺎﻡ ﺃﻭل ﻥ1949ﻋﺎﻡ ﺤﺯﻴﺭﺍﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻌﻠﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺒﺩﺃﺕ1950ﻓﻘﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺃﺸﺎﺭ20 : -20%ﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﺇﻋﺎﻝﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﻼﺠﺌﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ. -50%ﺍﻹﻁﻼﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﹰﺎﻤﻌﺩﻤ. -30%ﻝﻠﻤﻌﻭﻨﺔ ﺠﺯﺌﻴﺔ ﺒﺤﺎﺠﺔ. ﻤﻥ ﻴﻘﺭﺏ ﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻱ170ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﹰﺎﺃﻝﻔ)ﻭﻻﺠﺌﻴﻥ ﻤﻭﺍﻁﻨﻴﻥ(ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺤ ﻫـﺫﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻴﻌﻴﺸﻭﻥ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍﻠـﺔ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺌﻡ ﺍﻝﺜﻭﺭﻱ ﻝﻠﻨﻬﻭﺽ ﺍﻝﺭﺌﻴﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﺒﺏ ﻴﻜﻤﻥ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻀﻭﺀ ﻭﻓﻲ ،ﺍﻝﺒﺅﺱ ﺒﺎﻝﻐﺔ ﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺃﻭﻀﺎﻉ ﻀﻤﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ. ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺴﻄﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ)1948-1955( ﻨﻜﺒﺔ ﺒﻌﺩ1948ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻋﻤﻭﻡ ﻝﺤﻜﻭﻤﺔ ﺘﺘﻭﻓﺭ ﻭﻝﻡ ،ﻗﺎﻨﻭﻨﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﺴﻲ ﻜﻴﺎﻥ ﺃﻱ ﻝﻠﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﻴﻌﺩ ﻝﻡ ، "ﺇﻋﻼﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﻓﻕﻴﻭﻡ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻌﻘﺩ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻠﺱ30/9/1948"21 ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻘﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺝ ﻨﻔﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺜﻡ ،ﻋﺎﻡ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻤﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺴﻲ ﺍﻝﺼﻌﻴﺩ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻴﻨﻲ ﺃﻤﻴﻥ17/10/194822 ﺒ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻌﻭﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﻭﺓ ﻭﻤﻨﻌﻪﺇﻋـﻼﻥ ﻤﺜﺎﺒﺔ ﺇﻝـﻰ ﻭﻗﻀﻴﺘﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﺼﺎﻴﺎ ﻭﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻬﻴﺌﺔ ،ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﺤﻜﻭﻤﺔ ﻭﻓﺎﺓ ﺤﻴﻥ. ﺸﺒﺎﻁ ﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺩﺱ ﺍﺘﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﺃﺜﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻭﻤﺔ ﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﹰﺎﺭﺴﻤﻴ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ُﺨﻀﻊﺃ–ﻓﺒﺭﺍﻴﺭ/1949، ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺒﻨﺎﺀ"ﺘﻜﻠﻴﻑ"ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ23 ﺤﻜﻭﻤﺔ ﺘﻭﻝﺕﺍﻝﻨﻘﺭﺍﺸـﻲ ﻓﻬﻤـﻲ ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ ﻴﺭﺃﺴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻓﺎﺭﻭﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ"ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻀﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﺕ ﻝﺭﻗﺎﺒﺔ"ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﻁﺎﻨﻴـﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻤﺴﺘﺠﻴﺒﺔ ﺃﺠل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺭﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺤﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﻭﻻﻴﺎﺕ"ﻓـﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺘﻤﺜـل ﺍﻝﻔﻠـﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻀﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﹰﺍﺒﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﻷﻜﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﺘﺼﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﻼﺠﺌﻴﻥ،ﻴﻨﻴﻴﻥﺒﻤﺠﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻘﻀﻴﺔ ﻝﺘﺼﻔﻴﺔ ﹰﺎﺃﺴﺎﺴ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ24 . ﻴﻭﻝﻴﻭ ﺜﻭﺭﺓ ﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﻭﺭﻏﻡ1952ﻋﺎﻡ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺴﺔ ﻅﻠﺕ ﻓﻘﺩ1955ﻝﻠﻘﻀﺎﻴﺎ ﻤﺸﺩﻭﺩﺓ ،ﻋﺎﻡ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔﺘﻤﺘﻠﻙ ﻝﻡ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻝﺜﻭﺭﺓ ﻗﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺃﻥ ﻜﻤﺎ"ﺴﻴﺎﺴـﺔ ﺒﺎﺘﺠـﺎﻩ ﹰﺎﻜﺎﻓﻴ ﹰﺎﻭﻀﻭﺤ ﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ ﻗﻭﻤﻴﺔ25 ﺒﺩﻝﺘﻭﻗﻴﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﻓﻘﺕ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﻴل"ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻻﺠﺌﻲ ﻝﺘﻭﻁﻴﻥ ﺴﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﻏﺭﺒﻲ ﺸﻤﺎﻝﻲ ﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ"ﻤـﻊ ﺤﺯﻴﺭﺍﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻐﻭﺙ ﻭﻜﺎﻝﺔ1953ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻝﻼﺠﺌـﻴﻥ ﺘﻭﻁﻴﻥ ﻋﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﻌﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺘﺂﻤﺭ ﺍﺴﺘﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ، ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﺍﺴﺘﺼﻼﺡ ﻴﺠﺭﻱ ﺃﻥ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺴﻴﻨﺎﺀ200ﺍﻝﻨﻴل ﻨﻬﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﻭﺘﻭﺼﻴل ﺴﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﻏﺭﺏ ﺸﻤﺎل ﺩﻭﻨﻡ ﺃﻝﻑ. 20 اه ا-ا ء ا ر ا ة-ص39 21 -م-در ا رات-س ا-ص42 22 ا ر ا-ص50 23 د.و ا د ز-ا ت آ ا ل ا-ص50 24 ا ر ا-ص15 25 ا ر ا-ص16
11.
10 ﻭﺘﺤـﺭﻴﺽ ﻭﻓـﻀﺤﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺘـﻭﻁﻴﻥ
ﻤﺅﺍﻤﺭﺓ ﻜﺸﻑ ﻓﻲ ﹰﺎﺭﺌﻴﺴ ﹰﺍﺩﻭﺭ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﻝﻠﺸﻴﻭﻋﻴﻴﻥ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻝﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﺼﺩﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻫﻴﺭ. ﹰﺎﻤﻌ ﺍﻝﻨﻘﻴﻀﺎﻥ ﻴﺘﺤﺎﻝﻑ ﺒﺎﻝﻭﻁﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺩﻕ ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺭ ﻤﻭﺍﺠﻬﺔ ﻭﻓﻲ)ﺍﻝﻤـﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻹﺨﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻭﻋﻴﻭﻥ(ﻷﻭل ﹰﺎﻤﻌ ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻁﺎﻋﻭﺍ ،ﺍﻝﺘﻭﻁﻴﻥ ﺴﻴﺎﺴﺔ ﻭﻀﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻀﺩ ﻤﺭﺓﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻐﻔﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻫﻴﺭ ﻗﻴﺎﺩﺓ)ﻓﻲ ﻭﺨﺎﻨﻴﻭﻨﺱ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﻤﺩﻴﻨﺘﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺭﻯ ﺍﻝﻤﺨﻴﻤﺎﺕ(ﻭﺫﻝـﻙ ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﹰﻼﻤﺜﻴ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﻝﻬﺎ ﻴﺸﻬﺩ ﻝﻡ ﻋﺎﺭﻤﺔ ﻤﻅﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻨﺔ ﺁﺫﺍﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻭل ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﻓﻲ1955ﺍﻝﻘـﻭﺍﺕ ﻗﻴـﺎﻡ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﻏﻠﻴﺎﻥ ﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻫﻴﺭ ﻤﺸﺎﻋﺭ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺤﻴﺙ ، ﻏﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﺎﻹﻏﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﻬﻴﻭﻨﻴﺔﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﺒﻴﻭﻡ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻗﺒل ﺓ28/ﻓﺒﺭﺍﻴﺭ/1955ﻤﻥ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻭﺠﺭﺤﺕ ﻭﻗﺘﻠﺕ)65(ﻤﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﻭﺩ26 ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻭﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻓﻕ ﻜل ﺒﺎﺤﺘﻼل ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻅﺎﻫﺭﻭﻥ ﻭﻗﺎﻡ ،)ﻭﻤﺩﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﺴﻜﺭﻴﺔ(ﻭﻝﻌـﺏ ، ﺸﻌﺎﺭ ﺘﺤﺕ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻫﻴﺭ ﻗﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﹰﺍﺒﺎﺭﺯ ﹰﺍﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻭﻋﻴﻭﻥ"ﺍﻷﻤﺭﻴﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﻼﺀ ﻴﺎ ﺇﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﻻ ﺘﻭﻁﻴﻥ ﻻ"ﻭﺍﻨﺘﺨـﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻅﺎﻫﺭﻭﻥ"ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻠﺠﻨﺔ."ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻹﺨﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻭﻋﻴﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻀﻤﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ27 ﻭﻝﻡ ، ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺠﻤﺎل ﺤﻀﻭﺭ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻫﻴﺭ ﺘﻬﺩﺃﻴﻭﻡ ﹰﺍﺴﺭ12/13/1955ﻓـﻲ ﻜﻠﻤـﺔ ﺃﻝﻘـﻰ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺘﻡ ﻜﻤﺎ ،ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻭﺍﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻴﺴﻜﺕ ﻝﻥ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻜﺩ ﺍﻝﺯﻫﺭﺍﺀ ﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔﺍﻝﺘﻭﻁﻴﻥ ﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ ﺴﻘﻭﻁ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻥ ﺍﻷﺒﺩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻭﻗﺒﺭﻩ. ﻋﺎﻡ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﻌﺏ ﺍﻨﺘﻔﺎﻀﺔ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻝﻘﺩ1955ﻀﺩﺇﻋـﺎﺩﺓ ﺒﻤﺜﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﻁﻴﻥ ﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ ﺠﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﻀﺎل ﺍﻷﻤل ﺠﺫﻭﺓ ﻭﺇﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﻜﻠﻪ ﻝﺸﻌﺒﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﺡ. ﻓﺒﺭﺍﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺸﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻤﻥ ﻋﺩﻭﺍﻥ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻜﻤﺎ1955ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺎﻤﺔ ﺘﺤﻭل ﻨﻘﻁﺔ،ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﺼـﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺌـﺩ ﻭﺴﺠل ،ﻤﻭﺍﺠﻬﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻀﺭﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻁﻤﺎﻉ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺘﻴﻘﻅﺕ ،ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺒﻘﻭﻝﻪ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺩﺙ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻭﻗﻔﻪ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺠﻤﺎل ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻝﺩ"ﺍﻝﻌـﺩﻭﺍﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻭﺃﻥ ،ﺘﺤﻭل ﻨﻘﻁﺔ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻓﺒﺭﺍﻴﺭ ﻏﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﻥ ﺍﻝ ﻗﻭﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻌﺘﻤﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺠﺏ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺃﻥ ،ﺇﻨﺫﺍﺭ ﺠﺭﺱ ﻜﺎﻥﻭﻗﺭﺍﺭﺍﺘﻪ ﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﻤﺠﻠﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻻ ﺫﺍﺘﻴﺔ"28 ﺃﺜـﺭ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺸﻬﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺼﻔﻘﺔ ﻭﻋﻘﺩ ﺍﻝﺴﻭﻓﻴﺘﻲ ﺍﻻﺘﺤﺎﺩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﺎﻻﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﺤﻭل ﺒﺩﺃ ﺫﻝﻙ 1955. ﺍﳌﺴﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺴﻄﻴﻨﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻋﺒﺪ ﻣﺼﺮ)1955-ﻧﻮﻓﻤﱪ1956( ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻭﺤﺸﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻐﺎﺭﺓ ﺒﻌﺩ28/ﻓﺒﺭﺍﻴﺭ/1955ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﺵ ﻗﺒل ﻤﻥ ﺘﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻐﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻤﺎ ﺃﺜﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺘل ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻜﻭﻨﺘﻼ ﺍﻝﻌﻭﺠﺎ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﺵ ﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺨﺎﻨﻴﻭﻨﺱ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺼـﺒﺢ ،ﺍﻝﻔﻠـﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤـﺩﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻤﺎﺜل ﻋﺩﺩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ،ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﺵ ﺭﺠﺎل ﻤﻥ ﺠﻨﺩﻱ ﻤﺎﺌﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺼﺭ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙﺤـﻭل ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻌﻁﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺤﻘﺎﺌﻕ ﺘﻜﺸﻔﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺒﻌﺩ ،ﺍﻝﻭﻫﻡ ﻤﻥ ﹰﺎﻀﺭﺒ ﻭﺇﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴل 26 اه ا-ر ا ة-ء7-ص44 27 ر-ص140 28 ز ا-ة ع و ا-ص48
12.
11 ﺍﻷﻤﺭﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗﺔ–ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻕ ﻭﺩﺨﻭل
،ﺇﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴل ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻴﻁﺎﻨﻴﺔ)ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﻨﻭﺭﻱ(ﻭﺭﻓـﺽ ،ﺒﻐـﺩﺍﺩ ﺤﻠـﻑ ﺇﻝـﻰ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﻗﺭﺭ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻀﻭﺀ ﻓﻲ ،ﺒﺎﻝﺴﻼﺡ ﻤﺼﺭ ﺘﺯﻭﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻭﻻﻴﺎﺕ29 : 1-ﻝﻤﻭ ﺩﻭﻝﺔ ﺃﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺸﺭﺍﺀ ﻀﺭﻭﺭﺓﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺩﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻬﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﺠﻬﺔ. 2-،ﺍﻝﻤـﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻴـﺎﺩﺓ ﺒﺘﻭﺠﻴﻪ ﺇﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴل ﺩﺍﺨل ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﺎﻻﻨﻁﻼﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﻝﻠﻔﺩﺍﺌﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻤﺎﺡ ﻓﺘﺭﺓ ﺨﻼل ﺫﻝﻙ ﻤﻨﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﹰﺎﺤﺭﻴﺼ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺠﻤﺎل ﻭﻜﺎﻥﻤـﻊ ﺴـﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﺘﻔـﺎﻕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻭﺼﻭل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻤل ﺇﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴل. 3-ﺍﻝﻌﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻤﻲ ﺒﺎﻝﻬﺠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺀﻭﺫﻝﻙ ،ﺒﻐﺩﺍﺩ ﺤﻠﻑ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻻﻨﻀﻤﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﻓﻘﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻝﺭﺠﻌﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﺔ ﺨﺎﺹ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﺼﻭﺕ ﻭﺇﺫﺍﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ ﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﻋﺒﺭ. 4-ﻴﻭﻡ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻋﻠﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﺸﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺼﻔﻘﺔ ﻋﻘﺩ27/ﺃﻴﻠﻭل/1955ﺍﻝﺴﻭﻓﻴﻴﺘﻲ ﺍﻻﺘﺤﺎﺩ ﻤﻊ ﺒﺎﻝﺘﻨﺴﻴﻕ30 . ﺍﻹ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻭﺍﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺃﻫﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻝﻘﺩﻝﻜـل ﻗﺎﺼـﻤﺔ ﻀـﺭﺒﺔ ﻭﺠﻬﺕ ﺃﻥ ،ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻐﻁﺭﺴﺔ ﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﻤﺤﺎﻭﻻﺕ"ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ"ﻋﺎﻡ ﻨﻜﺒﺔ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻷﺤﺩﺍﺙ ﺴﻁﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﻐﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ1948ﻓﺒﺭﺍﻴﺭ ﻭﺤﺘﻰ1955ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻋﺒﺭ ﻭﺒﺭﻴﻁﺎﻨﻴﺎ ﺍﻷﻤﺭﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻭﻻﻴﺎﺕ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﻤﺕ"ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﺍﻷﺼﺩﻗﺎﺀ"ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ. ﻤﺤﺎﻭﻻﺕ ﻜل ﹰﺎﺃﻴﻀ ﻓﺸﻠﺕ ﻜﻤﺎ"ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ"ﺍﻝﺘﻲﺍﻝﺤﺭﻜـﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻨﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺤﺯﺍﺏ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻲ ﻝﻠﺘﺤﺭﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻤﻘﺭﺍﻁﻴﺔ31 )ﹼﻭﺘﺤﺩ(ﺃﻭﻜﻠﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ،ﻤﺼﺭ ﻓﻲ"ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ ﻤﻬﻤﺔ"ﺍﻝﻤﻘﻴﻤـﻴﻥ ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺌﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻝﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﺤـﻲ ﺍﻷﺏ ﻫـﺅﻻﺀ ﻤﻘﺩﻤـﺔ ﻭﻓﻲ ،ﺍﻝﻴﻬﻭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﻡ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﺴﺅﻭﻝﻴﻥ ﻝﻼﺘﺼﺎل ﺒﺎﺭﻴﺱ ﻓﻲ ﻜﻭﺭﻴﻴل ﻫﻨﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﻭﻤﺅﺴﺱ32 ،ﻋﻜﺎﺸﺔ ﺜﺭﻭﺕ ﻭﻤﻌﻪ–ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻝﻤـﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﻔﺎﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻜﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﺤﻕ ﺒﺎﺭﻴﺱ–ﻤـﻥ ﺜﺎﺒـﺕ ﺃﻨﻁﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻬﻤﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺸﺎﺭﻙ ﻜﻤﺎ ،ﺨﻼﻑ ﻤﺭﺍﺩ ﻭﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭ ،ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﻤﻲ ﺤﻠﻤﻲ ﻭﻴﻭﺴﻑ ﺍﻝـﺸﻴﻭﻋﻴﻴﻥ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺃﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺘﺠﺩﺭ ،ﺍﻝﻠﺒﻨﺎﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ ﻤﺠﻠﺱ ﻭﺭﺌﻴﺱ ،ﺍﻝﻠﺒﻨﺎﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻭﻋﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺯﺏ ﺃﺠل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻲ ﺒﺎﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ–ﺍﻻﺴـﺘﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺒﺎﻝﻨـﺸﺎﻁ ﺨﻠﻔﻴـﺔ ﻝﻪ ﻴﻜﻥ ﻝﻡ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻲ– ﺍﻝـﺼﺭﺍﻉ ﻝﺤل ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺅﻴﺔ ،ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻤﻲ ﺍﻷﻤﻤﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻗﻑ ﻤﻥ ﹰﺎﻤﻨﻁﻠﻘ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻘﺩﺭ ،ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺭﺠﻌﻲ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲﺍﻝـﺸﻌﺏ ﺤـﻕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﻠـﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﻤـﺴﺄﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻝﻸﺒﻌﺎﺩ ﻜﺎﻤل ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻙ ﺩﻭﻨﻤﺎ ، ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺠﻬﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻤﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﻤﺴﺄﻝﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻘﺩﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﺅﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻝﻠﻁﻼﻕ ﹰﺎﻭﺘﻜﺭﻴﺴ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﻁﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻝﻔﻜﺭﻱ ﺠﻭﻫﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﻥ ﻭﺍﺒﺘﻌﺩﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻭﻋﻴﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺸﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﻴﺘﻌﻠﻕ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻭﺍﻝﻭﺍﻀﺢ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻲ ﻭﺘﺭﺍﺜﻬﺎﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻭﻗﻑ ﺍﻝﻴﻬﻭﺩﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﺴﺄﻝﺔ.ﺍﻻﺒﺘ ﺇﻥﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻭﻓﻬﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ ﻋﻥ ﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺂﺨﺫ ﺃﻫﻡ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻫﻭ ﺘﻔﺎﺼﻴﻠﻪ ﺒﻜل ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺹ. 29 وش ا-رة23-ص ا ء ا23 30 ا ر ا-ص24 31 ا ر ا-ص18/19 32 ﺩ.ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﺭﻓﻌﺕ-ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﻴﺴﺎﺭ ﻤﻨﻅﻤﺎﺕ)1950-1957(-ﺹ37
13.
12 ﻝﻠﻌﻤـل ﺍﻝﺭﺴـﻤﻲ ﺘﺒﻨﻴﻬـﺎ
ﺒﺈﻋﻼﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻗﺭﺍﺭ ،ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻭﺍﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺃﻫﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻨﻴﺴﺎﻥ ﺸﻬﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﻠﻕ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺌﻲ195533 ﺍﻝﺯﻤﺭ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﻭﺍﺘﺨﺫﺕ ،ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺭﺒـﺔ ﻀـﻠﺔ ﹰﺎﻭﻤﻨﻅﻤ ﹰﺎﺭﺴﻤﻴ ﹰﺎﻁﺎﺒﻌ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﺒﺭﺓ34 ﻤـﺼﻁﻔﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﻡ ﺇﺸﺭﺍﻑ ﺘﺤﺕ ﺫﻝـﻙ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ،ﻭﺸﻌﺒﻪ ﺒﻘﻀﻴﺘﻪ ﺁﻤﻥ ﻋﺭﺒﻲ ﻜﻤﻨﺎﻀل ﻭﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﻤﺼﺭﻱ ﻜﻀﺎﺒﻁ ﻓﻘﻁ ﻝﻴﺱ ﺒﻤﻬﻤﺘﻪ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺤﺎﻓﻅ ﺃﺒﻨﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺭﺠل ﺃﻝﻑ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻭﺘﻨﻅﻴﻡ ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻨﺠﺎﺤﻪ ﻋﻭﺍﻤل ﺃﻫﻡ ﺃﺤﺩﻭﻤﻌﻅـﻡ ﻭﺨـﺎﻨﻴﻭﻨﺱ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺀ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺌﻴﻴﻥ ﻜﺘﻴﺒﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﺸﻜﻠﺕ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﻗﺭﻯ)ﻙ141(ﻀﺭﺒﺎﺘﻬﻡ ﺒﺘﻭﺠﻴﻪ ﺒﺩﺃﻭﺍ ،ﻀـﺩ ﺇﻏـﺎﺭﺍﺘﻬﻡ ﻭ ﺃﻴﻠﻭل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺼﻬﻴﻭﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻭ1955ﻨﻭﻓﻤﺒﺭ ﺃﻭل ﻭﺤﺘﻰ1956ﺭﻏـﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺤﻠـﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻝﻘﺩ ، ،ﺍﻝﺯﻤﻨﻲ ﻗﺼﺭﻫﺎ"ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﻀﺎل ﻤﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺄﻝﻕ ﻨﻘﻁﺔ"35 ﺍﻝﻔﺩ ﻗﺎﻡﺍﺌﻴﻭﻥﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺒﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺨﻼﻝﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﻭﻥ ،ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻤﺎﺌﺘﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﺎﺘﺒﺎﻥ ﺃﻭﻀﺢ ﻭﻗﺩ"ﻭﺭﺸﻴﻥ ﺸﻴﻑ"36 ﻫـﺫﻩ ﻁﺒﻴﻌـﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﻠـﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺌﻴﻴﻥ ﻋﻥ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻴﻠﻲ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ: -30%ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﻤﺎﺕ ﻤﻥﺇﻝﻘﺎﺀﻨﻴﺭﺍﻥ ﻭﺇﻁﻼﻕ ﻴﺩﻭﻴﺔ ﻗﻨﺎﺒلﻤـﻊ ﻭﺍﺸﺘﺒﺎﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻭﻁﻨﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭﺭﻴﺎﺕﺇﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺔ. -23%ﻭﺍﻵﻝﻴﺎﺕ ﻝﻠﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻜﻤﺎﺌﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ. -20%ﻭﺍﻝﻜﺒﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻕ ﻭﺘﺩﻤﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﻭﺃﻨﺎﺒﻴﺏ ﺍﻝﺨﺯﺍﻨﺎﺕ ﻨﺴﻑ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ. -13%ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻭﻁﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺠﻤﺎﺕ. -9%ﻨﺎﺴﻔﺔ ﺒﻌﺒﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺒﺎﻨﻲ ﺘﺩﻤﻴﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ. -5%ﺃﻝﻐﺎﻡ ﺯﺭﻉ. ﺍﻹ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺌﻴﻴﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﹰﺍﻭﺭﺩﻭﻗـﺭﻯ ﻭﺨﺎﻨﻴﻭﻨﺱ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺘﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﻤﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻌﺩﺩ ﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﻭﻥ ﺫﻝﻙ ﹰﺍﻭﻏﺩﺭ ﻭﺤﺸﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﻤﺎﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺭﻜﺯﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻌﺸﻭﺍﺌﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻓﻌﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺼﻑ ﺃﺒﺭﻴل ﺸﻬﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻤﺱ ﻴﻭﻡ ﻤﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺸﺠﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﻭﺍﺭﻉ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ ﻭﻤﻴﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺨﺘﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺸﺎﺭﻉ 1956ﺇﻝﻰ ﻭﺃﺩﻯﻴﺫﻜﺭﻭﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻴﺩ ﻴﺯﺍل ﻭﻤﺎ ،ﻭﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﹰﻻﺭﺠﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺌﺎﺕ ﻭﺠﺭﺡ ﺍﺴﺘﺸﻬﺎﺩ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻫﻴﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﺘﻤﻴﺯﺕ ﻝﻘﺩ ﻏﺯﺓ ﺸﻭﺍﺭﻉ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﺭﺤﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﺘﻠﻰ ﺠﺜﺙ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺘﻨﺎﺜﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺒﺸﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ–ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺇﺒﺎﻥﺍﻝﺼﻬﻴﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻘﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺯﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﺩﻴﺩ ﺒﺎﻝﻐﻠﻴﺎﻥﻤـﻥ ﻴﺨﻔﻑ ﻴﻜﻥ ﻭﻝﻡ ،ﻨﻲ ﺘﻠﻙﺍﻷﺤﺯﺍﻥﺍﻝﺜـﺎﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻴـﻭﻡ ﻓﻔﻲ ،ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺴﻊ ﺒﺎﻝﻌﻨﻑ ﺘﻤﻴﺯ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺌﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻨﺘﻘﺎﻡ ﺇﻻﺍﻝﻬﺠـﻭﻡ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻨﻴﺴﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺩﺱ ﻝﻴﻠﺔ ﹰﺍﻭﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ،ﺍﻝﻐﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﺼﻬﻴﻭﻨﻲ/1956ﻓـﻲ ﻏـﺯﺓ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻤﻥ ﻓﺩﺍﺌﻴﺔ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﺩﺨﻠﺕ ،ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻓﻲ ﻝﻬﺎ ﺤﺩﺩﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻷﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩﻓـﺩﺍﺌﻲ ﺜﻼﺜﻤﺎﺌـﺔ ﻋـﻥ ﻴﻘل ﻻ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺭﻴﺸﻭﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﺭﺓ ﻫﺎﺠﻤﻭﺍ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺇﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴل ﻋﻤﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻭﻏﻠﻭﺍﺘﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻝﻴﺘﺴﻴﻭﻥ47ﺍﻝﻬﺩﻨـﺔ ﺨـﻁ ﻋﻥ ﹰﺍﻤﺘﺭ ﻜﻴﻠﻭ 33 ا ا-ا ء ا-ص393 34 ا ر ا-ص393 35 ا ر ا-ص394/395 36 اه ا-ر ا ة-ج7-ص56
14.
13 ﻭ15ﻨﻴﺴﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺸﺭ
ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﻭﻤﻲ ﺒﺘﻭﺍﺼل ﺍﻝﺒﻁﻭﻝﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻤﺭﺕ ﺃﺒﻴﺏ ﺘل ﻋﻥ ﻓﻘﻁ ﹰﺍﻤﺘﺭ ﻜﻴﻠﻭ 195637 ﺃﺒﻁ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﺸﻬﺩ ﻭﻗﺩﺍﻷﺴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺁﺨﺭﻭﻥ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﻭﻭﻗﻊ ﹰﻼﺒﻁ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺃﺤﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺎل. ﻴﻭﻡ ﻭﻓﻲ23/7/1956ﻤﻥ ﹰﺍﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﺴﺘﺸﻬﺎﺩﻩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻭﺃﺩﻯ ﺍﻨﻔﺠﺭ ﹰﺎﻤﻠﻐﻭﻤ ﹰﺍﻁﺭﺩ ﺤﺎﻓﻅ ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﻡ ﺘﺴﻠﻡ ﻭﺨﺎﻨﻴﻭﻨﺱ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﺸﻭﺍﺭﻉ ﻭﻤﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﻤﻴﺎﺩﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺒﻁل ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﺴﻡ ُﻁﻠﻕﺃ ﻓﻘﺩ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﻌﺏ. ﺍ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺇﻥﻏﺰﺓ ﻗﻄﺎﻉ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺪﺍﺋﻲ ﻟﻌﻤﻞ)1955-1956( ﻞ ﱠ ﺷﻜ ﺃﻧﻪ ﰲ ﺗﻜﻤﻦ: 1-ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﺼﺭﺍﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ. 2-ﻨﻜﺒﺔ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﻤﻘﺎﻭﻤﺔ ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﻭﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﹰﺍﺠﺩﻴﺩ ﹰﺎﻤﻨﻌﻁﻔ1948. 3-ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲ ﺃﺼﺒﺢ–ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ–ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒـ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻴﻨﺘﻤﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺍﻝﺸﻌﺏ ﻭﺒﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒل ﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻤﻥ ﹰﺎﻭﺍﺜﻘﺃﻥ ﺎﺭ ﻻﺠﺌﻴﻥ ﻗﻀﻴﺔ ﻭﻝﻴﺴﺕ ﻭﻁﻥ ﻗﻀﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻀﻴﺔ. 4-ﻋﺎﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺌﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻤل ﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﺼﻬﺎﻴﻨﺔ ﺨﺴﺎﺌﺭ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ1955ﻭ1956ﻓﻲ ﺨﺴﺎﺌﺭﻫﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻭﺍﻥ29/10/1956ﻨﻭﻓﻤﺒﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺜﻡ195638 . 5-ﺍ ﺒﻪ ﻗﺎﻤﺕ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺌﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻤل ﺍﺴﺘﻘﻁﺏﺒـ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻭﻓﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻝﻜﺘﻴﺒﺔ)ﻙ141(ﹰﺎﺠﻤﺎﻫﻴﺭﻴـ ﹰﺎﺘﻌﺎﻁﻔـ ﺍﻝﻘﻴـﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺒـﻴﻥ ﺠﻬـﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﻌﺏ ﺠﻤﺎﻫﻴﺭ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺘﻌﻤﻴﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺴﻬﻡ ،ﹰﺍﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﺠﻬﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺠﻤﺎل ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺌﺩ ﺘﺯﻋﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ. 37 ا ا-ج3-ص395 38 ا ر ا-ص396
15.
14 ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻉ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍﺋﻴﻠﻲ
ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭﺍﻥ )2/ﻧﻮﻓﻤﱪ/1956–7/ﻣﺎﺭﺱ/1957( ﻴﻘﻭل)ﺯﻭﻫﺎﺭ ﺒﻥ(ﺠﻭﺭﻴﻭﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﻤﺅﺭﺥ"ﻓﻘـﺩ ﺠﻭﺭﻴﻭﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻝﺩﻯ ﻤﻘﺭﺭﺓ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻀﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺏ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻓﺎﻉ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻋﺎﺩ1955ﺍﻝﺘـﻲ ﺇﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴل ﺨﻁﻁ ﻤﻥ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﻝﻡ ﻭﻫﻲ ،ﻁﺎﺭﺌﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﻭﻴﺱ ﺃﺯﻤﺔ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻜﻤﺎ ، ﺍﻝﺴﻼ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺭ ﺃﺼﻌﺏ ﻝﻬﺎ ﺴﻬﻠﺕ ﻭﻝﻜﻨﻬﺎ ،ﺤﺎل ﺃﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴﺘﻬﺠﻡ ﻜﺎﻨﺕﻭﺍﻝﺤﻠﻔﺎﺀ ﻡ"39 . ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﺒﺭﻴﻁﺎﻨﻴـﺎ ﻓﺭﻨﺴﺎ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻭﺍﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻝﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﺘﻬﺎ ﻜﻤﺒﺭﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻠﻨﺔ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺫﺭﻴﻌﺔ ﻭﺭﻏﻡ ﻗﻁـﺎﻉ ﻝﻀﻡ ﹰﻼﻤﺩﺨ ﺴﻭﻯ ﺘﻜﻥ ﻝﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﺭﻴﻌﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺃﻥ ﺇﻻ ،ﺍﻝﻔﺩﺍﺌﻴﻴﻥ ﻗﻭﺍﻋﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﻫﻲ ،ﻏﺯﺓ ﻭﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻏﺯﺓ"ﺇﻋﻼ ﻓﻲ ﻅﻬﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺴﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻁﻤﺎﻉﺍﻹﺴـﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻠﻜـﺔ ﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﻏﻭﺭﻴﻭﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻥ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺜﺔ"40 . -ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻼﻝ ﲢﺖ ﻏﺰﺓ ﻗﻄﺎﻉ: ﻗﺭﺍﺭ ﺃﺩﻯﻤﻬﻤـﺔ ﻭﺘـﺴﻬﻴل ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻋﺯل ﺇﻝﻰ ﺴﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﺵ ﺒﺴﺤﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﺤﺘﻼﻝﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻬﺎﺠﻤﺔ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﺕ. ﻭﺨﺎ ﻭﻏﺯﺓ ﺭﻓﺢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻤﺭﻜﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻜﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﺕ ﻗﺎﻭﻤﺕ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻭﺭﻏﻡﻝـﺼﺩ ﻴﺎﺌـﺴﺔ ﻤﻘﺎﻭﻤﺔ ،ﻨﻴﻭﻨﺱ ﺘﺴﻠﻴﺤﻬﺎ ﻭﻨﻭﻉ ﺤﺠﻤﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻔﻭﻗﺔ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﺕ ﻫﺠﻭﻡ. ﻓﻲ ﻤﻭﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻲ ﻝﻠﻬﺠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺘﺼﺩﻱ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﺴﺘﺒﺴﻠﺕ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻓﻔﻲ"ﺠﺒل ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﺎﺭ"ﻴﻭﻡ ﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺴﻼﻡ ﺍﻋﻼﻥ ﺤﺘﻰ ،ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺴﻜﺭﻱ ﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﺃﻫﻡ2/11/1956ﺍﻝ ﺃﺼﺩﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺫﻱﻠـﻭﺍﺀ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺼﺒﺎﺡ ﺭﻓﺢ ﺴﻘﻭﻁ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻜﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﺠﻭﻱ ﻓﺅﺍﺩ1/11/1956ﺍﻝﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﻤﺤﺎﺼﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻜﺘﻤﺎل. ﺍﻝﺘﺤﺫﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺴﻜﺎﻨﻬﺎ ﺭﻓﺽ ﻜﻤﺎ ،ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺴﻼﻡ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﺨﺎﻨﻴﻭﻨﺱ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻓﻀﺕ ﻓﻘﺩ ،ﺫﻝﻙ ﻭﺭﻏﻡ ﻝﻠﻜﺘﺎﺌ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﹰﺍﺘﺄﻴﻴﺩ ،ﻗﺘﺎل ﺩﻭﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﺘﺴﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺠﻬﺔﺍﻝﻤﺩﺍﻓﻌـﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﺴﻁﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺏ ﺘﺤﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺘﺎل ﺒﺎﻝﺼﻤﻭﺩ ﻗﺭﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﻥ ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﺴﻼﻡ ﺍﻝﻴﺄﺱ ﻤﺒﺭﺭﺍﺕ ﻜل ﺭﻏﻡ ﺃﻋﻠﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺌﺏ ﺘﻠﻙ ،ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺠﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻴﻭﺴﻑ ﺍﻝﻠﻭﺍﺀ ﻗﻴﺎﺩﺓ41 ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﺤﺘﻼل ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺴﻬل ﻤﻥ ﻴﻜﻥ ﻝﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻗﻑ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻭﺃﻤﺎﻡ ، ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻁﻴﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺸﺘﺭﺍﻙ ﺭﻏﻡﻴﻭﻡ ﻁﻭﺍل ،ﺍﻝﻘﺼﻑ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ2/11ﺍﻝﻘﺘﻠـﻰ ﻋﺸﺭﺍﺕ ﺴﻘﻭﻁ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﺩﻯ ﻤﻤﺎ ﺸﻭﺍﺭﻋﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﺭﺤﻰ42 . ﻴﻭﻡ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻜﺔ ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻤﺭﺕ3/11/1956ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨـﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻓﻌﻴﺔ ﻝﻘﺫﺍﺌﻑ ﺍﻨﻘﻁﺎﻉ ﺩﻭﻨﻤﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺒﻠﻐﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻲ)80ﻁﻠﻘﺔ ﺃﻝﻑ(43 .ﺒـﺩ ﺍﻹﺴـﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﺍﺕ ﺩﺨﻭل ﻭﻓﻭﺭ ،ﺨﺎﻨﻴﻭﻨﺱ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﺴﻘﻁﺕﺃﺕ 39 وش ا-ر-ص37 40 ا-ت-ص197 41 د.ا ا-اث-ص268 42 ا ر ا 43 ر هر ون--ص75
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