This study evaluated digital palmar dermatoglyphic patterns in patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and oral leukoplakia. The study compared 200 patients separated into four groups - those with OSMF, oral leukoplakia, habits but no lesions, and a control group without habits or lesions. Fingerprints and palm prints were digitally analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The results found increases in whorls, palmar patterns in certain finger areas, total finger ridge count, total triradius count, and decreases in atd angle and a-b ridge count in the oral leukoplakia and OSMF groups compared to the other groups. The study concluded that
This document discusses a study that assessed awareness and knowledge of forensic odontology among dental professionals in India. The study found that most participants (93.5%) had studied forensic odontology basics in undergraduate studies. However, around 78.4% were unaware of preserving dental records for future forensic needs. While 75.3% understood signs of child abuse and 56.3% could document bite marks, most (77.9%) did not know that dentists can be expert witnesses. The study concludes there is a general lack of forensic odontology knowledge and practice among Indian dental practitioners.
This document summarizes the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on dentistry practices and procedures. It discusses how dental professionals face an increased risk of exposure due to the generation of aerosols and droplets during common dental procedures. It recommends preventive measures for dental offices such as minimizing non-emergency procedures, pre-screening patients, using personal protective equipment, disinfecting surfaces, and employing techniques to reduce aerosols like rubber dams and high-volume suction. The pandemic has led to changes in dental practices aimed at limiting transmission while still providing necessary care.
This document discusses using fractal dimension analysis to detect dysplasia in oral leukoplakia. It begins by providing background on fractals and fractal dimension. The study aimed to determine if fractal dimension analysis could help detect malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia. 121 patients with oral leukoplakia had digital images taken before and after staining, which were analyzed using fractal dimension analysis software. Results found fractal dimension values were higher in dysplastic leukoplakia compared to nondysplastic. Values also increased with patient age and were higher in those using surti/khaini tobacco. The study concludes fractal dimension analysis may be a useful noninvasive screening tool for early detection of
This study evaluated digital palmar dermatoglyphic patterns in patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and oral leukoplakia. The study included 200 patients divided into 4 groups - group I had patients with oral leukoplakia, group II had patients with OSMF, group III had patients with habits but no lesions, and group IV was a control group without habits or lesions. Fingerprints and palm prints were taken digitally and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results found an increase in whorls, palmar patterns in the I2-I3 area, total finger ridge count, total triradius count, and a decrease in atd angle and a-b ridge
This study compared the antifungal efficacy of various endodontic irrigants, with and without the antifungal agent clotrimazole, against Candida albicans in extracted human teeth. Teeth were inoculated with C. albicans and irrigated with sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine gluconate, doxycycline hydrochloride, or combinations of these with 1% clotrimazole. Colony forming units were significantly lower for sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine alone compared to doxycycline or the control. Adding clotrimazole increased the efficacy of all irrigants, with no significant difference between sodium hypochlorite with
This study evaluated the knowledge and concerns of 124 dentists in southern India regarding COVID-19 through a questionnaire. The results showed good knowledge of COVID-19 itself and oral manifestations, but less awareness of appropriate testing and disinfection procedures. While most dentists understood risk levels and emergency procedures, some lacked knowledge of ideal mouthwashes or managing contaminated air. Overall, the study found that while knowledge of COVID-19 was fairly good, greater education was still needed on testing, prevention and infection control practices.
This article proposes a new classification system for cleft alveolus based on computed tomography (CT) scans. Existing classification systems do not use preoperative radiographic evaluation like CT scans or classify cleft alveolus separately. The authors reviewed 3000 CT scans and observed 5 types of cleft alveolus depending on the extent of involvement. The new CT-based classification aims to help surgeons better plan cleft alveolus surgery by providing a clear 3D view of the defect. It could also enhance management with technologies like 3D printing and CAD/CAM guided templates.
The study aimed to assess healthcare professionals' knowledge of personal protective equipment (PPE) for coronavirus protection. A survey of 200 professionals found that while 80% believed PPE prevents infection, only 32% of community health workers correctly identified adequate PPE. Further, only 36% of nurses understood PPE change frequency guidelines. The study highlights knowledge gaps around PPE usage among different provider groups managing COVID-19 patients.
This document discusses a study that assessed awareness and knowledge of forensic odontology among dental professionals in India. The study found that most participants (93.5%) had studied forensic odontology basics in undergraduate studies. However, around 78.4% were unaware of preserving dental records for future forensic needs. While 75.3% understood signs of child abuse and 56.3% could document bite marks, most (77.9%) did not know that dentists can be expert witnesses. The study concludes there is a general lack of forensic odontology knowledge and practice among Indian dental practitioners.
This document summarizes the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on dentistry practices and procedures. It discusses how dental professionals face an increased risk of exposure due to the generation of aerosols and droplets during common dental procedures. It recommends preventive measures for dental offices such as minimizing non-emergency procedures, pre-screening patients, using personal protective equipment, disinfecting surfaces, and employing techniques to reduce aerosols like rubber dams and high-volume suction. The pandemic has led to changes in dental practices aimed at limiting transmission while still providing necessary care.
This document discusses using fractal dimension analysis to detect dysplasia in oral leukoplakia. It begins by providing background on fractals and fractal dimension. The study aimed to determine if fractal dimension analysis could help detect malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia. 121 patients with oral leukoplakia had digital images taken before and after staining, which were analyzed using fractal dimension analysis software. Results found fractal dimension values were higher in dysplastic leukoplakia compared to nondysplastic. Values also increased with patient age and were higher in those using surti/khaini tobacco. The study concludes fractal dimension analysis may be a useful noninvasive screening tool for early detection of
This study evaluated digital palmar dermatoglyphic patterns in patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and oral leukoplakia. The study included 200 patients divided into 4 groups - group I had patients with oral leukoplakia, group II had patients with OSMF, group III had patients with habits but no lesions, and group IV was a control group without habits or lesions. Fingerprints and palm prints were taken digitally and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results found an increase in whorls, palmar patterns in the I2-I3 area, total finger ridge count, total triradius count, and a decrease in atd angle and a-b ridge
This study compared the antifungal efficacy of various endodontic irrigants, with and without the antifungal agent clotrimazole, against Candida albicans in extracted human teeth. Teeth were inoculated with C. albicans and irrigated with sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine gluconate, doxycycline hydrochloride, or combinations of these with 1% clotrimazole. Colony forming units were significantly lower for sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine alone compared to doxycycline or the control. Adding clotrimazole increased the efficacy of all irrigants, with no significant difference between sodium hypochlorite with
This study evaluated the knowledge and concerns of 124 dentists in southern India regarding COVID-19 through a questionnaire. The results showed good knowledge of COVID-19 itself and oral manifestations, but less awareness of appropriate testing and disinfection procedures. While most dentists understood risk levels and emergency procedures, some lacked knowledge of ideal mouthwashes or managing contaminated air. Overall, the study found that while knowledge of COVID-19 was fairly good, greater education was still needed on testing, prevention and infection control practices.
This article proposes a new classification system for cleft alveolus based on computed tomography (CT) scans. Existing classification systems do not use preoperative radiographic evaluation like CT scans or classify cleft alveolus separately. The authors reviewed 3000 CT scans and observed 5 types of cleft alveolus depending on the extent of involvement. The new CT-based classification aims to help surgeons better plan cleft alveolus surgery by providing a clear 3D view of the defect. It could also enhance management with technologies like 3D printing and CAD/CAM guided templates.
The study aimed to assess healthcare professionals' knowledge of personal protective equipment (PPE) for coronavirus protection. A survey of 200 professionals found that while 80% believed PPE prevents infection, only 32% of community health workers correctly identified adequate PPE. Further, only 36% of nurses understood PPE change frequency guidelines. The study highlights knowledge gaps around PPE usage among different provider groups managing COVID-19 patients.
The document discusses the management of oro-craniofacial abnormalities, which have increased in incidence over recent decades. A multidisciplinary team approach is needed to diagnose and treat these deformities, which usually begin at birth and may continue into a patient's 20s. Treatment involves various surgical and non-surgical procedures at different ages, with the overall goals of improving patient aesthetics, confidence, and quality of life.
This document discusses the importance of aerosol suction devices in dentistry to prevent the spread of infections like COVID-19. It notes that many dental procedures generate aerosols and droplets that can transmit diseases. Using high-volume evacuator devices can reduce aerosols by 90-98% by suctioning the air and particles generated during treatment. Such devices will be essential equipment for dental practices once lockdowns are lifted to help prevent future outbreaks from spreading via aerosols in the dental setting.
A study was conducted among 1256 dental professionals to assess their knowledge and attitudes regarding conservative and endodontic practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was found that while the participants had good basic knowledge of COVID-19, areas for improvement were identified. For example, only 43% knew the accurate incubation period. Rubber dams were recognized as useful by 83% but techniques like low-speed handpieces were preferred by only 25%. While PPE kits were seen as important by 72%, only surgical masks were deemed sufficient by 37%. The study concluded that dental professionals need to be cautious when treating patients during the pandemic and limit disease spread.
The document summarizes a study that assessed parents' knowledge of factors influencing oral hygiene practices in pediatric patients. A questionnaire was administered to parents to obtain data on their oral health habits, beliefs, knowledge of primary dentition and tooth shedding. Most parents changed toothbrushes every 6 months but only some visited dentists annually. While most agreed treatment is important, some declined due to cost or time constraints. The study concluded parental education plays a major role in children's oral health, and awareness among parents needs improving to better care for children's teeth.
"Demographic Analysis Of Palatal Fistula In A Tertiary Care Centre: A Retrosp...DrHeena tiwari
This document presents a retrospective study analyzing demographic data of patients with palatal fistulas who underwent repair at a tertiary care center between 2000-2020. The study found that in patients aged 0-6 months, fistulas were mostly located in the anterior hard palate and were predominantly less than 0.4mm in size. For patients aged 7-12 months and 13-24 months, most fistulas were also in the anterior palate but were larger in the older group. Patients over 24 months showed fistulas mainly in the anterior palate but had more intraoperative complications and postoperative infections. The results suggest certain age groups may be more prone to developing palatal fistulas in specific locations and sizes. Further prospective studies are recommended
This document discusses a study comparing the efficacy of placentrex and hydrocortisone injections as adjunct treatments for oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). 60 patients with stage II or III OSMF were divided into two groups. Group A received placentrex injections while Group B received hydrocortisone injections over 2 months. Mouth opening and burning sensation were measured before and after treatment. Results found a statistically significant greater increase in mean mouth opening for Group B compared to Group A. Burning sensation was reduced more in Group A than Group B. Overall, hydrocortisone seemed to be more effective at improving mouth opening and mucosal health, while placentrex was better at reducing burning
The document provides information on the COVID-19 pandemic as of April 2020. It discusses the epidemiology and spread of the virus globally. Key points include:
- COVID-19 originated in Wuhan, China in late 2019 and has since spread to over 210 countries. As of April 2020, there were over 29 lakh confirmed cases and 200,568 deaths worldwide, with the US becoming the new epicenter.
- The virus spreads mainly person-to-person via respiratory droplets. Common symptoms include fever, cough and shortness of breath, though many cases are asymptomatic. Chest CT scans show bilateral lung involvement like ground-glass opacities or consolidation.
- While most cases are mild, the elderly and those
ASTHMA CORRELATES AMONG ADOLESCENCE IN COUNTRY: AN ORIGINAL RESEARCHDrHeena tiwari
The document summarizes a study on asthma correlates among adolescents in a country. The study involved a cross-sectional survey of 1200 children to examine health risks and lifestyle factors. The results found that the prevalence of self-reported asthma was 8.2%. Asthmatic adolescents were more likely to be male, overweight or obese, consume soft drinks and energy drinks more frequently, and less likely to consume milk compared to non-asthmatic adolescents. The study aims to establish how lifestyle factors are associated with increased asthma incidence among adolescents.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined 28 nationally representative surveys from 13 countries on COVID-19 vaccination intentions. The key findings were:
1) Pooled data from March-October found 60% of people anticipated vaccinating and 20% expected to refuse vaccination, with 22% uncertain.
2) Vaccination intentions have declined over time as the pandemic has evolved, while refusal intentions have increased.
3) Demographic factors like being female, younger, lower income/education, and belonging to an ethnic minority were consistently associated with being less likely to intend to vaccinate.
This document summarizes a study that compared the effectiveness of serratiopeptidase and dexamethasone in reducing swelling after surgical removal of impacted third molars. The study involved 100 patients randomized into two groups, with one group receiving dexamethasone and the other receiving serratiopeptidase. Facial measurements were taken preoperatively and on postoperative days 1, 2, 5, and 7. The results showed that serratiopeptidase was effective in reducing swelling from days 2 to 5, while dexamethasone was effective in reducing swelling from days 1 to 2 and also from days 2 to 5. Dexamethasone was found to be more effective than serratiopeptidase in reducing postoperative swelling
This document discusses dental considerations for coronavirus infections. It notes that dental procedures can generate aerosols that may contain blood and increase the risk of infection transmission from patients to dental workers. It recommends effective infection control measures like frequent hand washing, use of rubber dams during procedures to minimize aerosols, and preprocedural mouthrinses with oxidative agents instead of chlorhexidine to reduce oral microbial load and potential virus transmission. Proper use of high-volume suction and anti-retraction handpieces are also emphasized to prevent cross-contamination within dental units.
This document discusses using convalescent plasma therapy to treat critically ill COVID-19 patients. It provides background on using convalescent plasma to treat emerging infectious diseases. Limited data from China suggests convalescent plasma therapy provided clinical benefits for COVID-19 patients, including reduced viral loads and improved survival. However, there are challenges in recruiting eligible donors and ensuring the plasma contains sufficient neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.
EFFICACY IN REDUCING BACTERIAL CONTENT IN ORAL CAVITY BY CANNABINIODS IN ORAL...DrHeena tiwari
The document discusses a study that compared the efficacy of cannabinoids and popular oral care products (Oral-B and Colgate) in reducing bacterial content in dental plaque. Plaque samples were collected from 30 participants and exposed to cannabinoid toothpaste, Oral-B, and Colgate. Cannabinoids were found to significantly reduce bacterial colony counts compared to the other products. The results suggest cannabinoids may be more effective at controlling oral bacteria and could provide a personalized alternative to traditional oral care products.
This document discusses diagnosis and treatment options for coronavirus. It begins by describing the properties and transmission of coronavirus. Diagnosis is primarily done through respiratory or blood samples that test positive for coronavirus nucleic acids on RT-PCR. Treatment involves supportive care, antiviral drugs like interferon-α, and management of symptoms. Severe cases may require oxygen therapy, ventilation, or treatment for organ dysfunction. While no specific treatment for 2019-nCoV exists, several antiviral drugs are being trialled.
Effectiveness of Low-Level Lasers in the Management of Recurrent Aphthous Sto...DrHeena tiwari
This study assessed the effectiveness of low-level lasers in treating recurrent aphthous stomatitis. 30 subjects with minor, major, or herpetiform aphthae were treated with lasers and their pain was evaluated using VAS scores. For all groups, pain was significantly less after 24 hours and further reduced at 72 hours compared to pre-treatment levels. At 1 week, pain scores were minimal or zero. The results demonstrated that low-level lasers provide effective pain relief and accelerated healing for recurrent aphthous stomatitis lesions.
This document discusses infection control in dentistry. It begins by defining infection and infection control. It then discusses the history and objectives of infection control. The main modes of disease transmission in a dental setting are through airborne contamination, contact transmission, and cross-contamination. The document outlines various exposure risks for patients and dental personnel and infection control programs. It discusses sterilization and disinfection techniques as well as infectious diseases of concern in dentistry such as viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections. The principles of universal precautions like hand hygiene and protective barriers are emphasized.
The document discusses the management of oro-craniofacial abnormalities, which have increased in incidence over recent decades. A multidisciplinary team approach is needed to diagnose and treat these deformities, which usually begin at birth and may continue into a patient's 20s. Treatment involves various surgical and non-surgical procedures at different ages, with the overall goals of improving patient aesthetics, confidence, and quality of life.
This document discusses the importance of aerosol suction devices in dentistry to prevent the spread of infections like COVID-19. It notes that many dental procedures generate aerosols and droplets that can transmit diseases. Using high-volume evacuator devices can reduce aerosols by 90-98% by suctioning the air and particles generated during treatment. Such devices will be essential equipment for dental practices once lockdowns are lifted to help prevent future outbreaks from spreading via aerosols in the dental setting.
A study was conducted among 1256 dental professionals to assess their knowledge and attitudes regarding conservative and endodontic practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was found that while the participants had good basic knowledge of COVID-19, areas for improvement were identified. For example, only 43% knew the accurate incubation period. Rubber dams were recognized as useful by 83% but techniques like low-speed handpieces were preferred by only 25%. While PPE kits were seen as important by 72%, only surgical masks were deemed sufficient by 37%. The study concluded that dental professionals need to be cautious when treating patients during the pandemic and limit disease spread.
The document summarizes a study that assessed parents' knowledge of factors influencing oral hygiene practices in pediatric patients. A questionnaire was administered to parents to obtain data on their oral health habits, beliefs, knowledge of primary dentition and tooth shedding. Most parents changed toothbrushes every 6 months but only some visited dentists annually. While most agreed treatment is important, some declined due to cost or time constraints. The study concluded parental education plays a major role in children's oral health, and awareness among parents needs improving to better care for children's teeth.
"Demographic Analysis Of Palatal Fistula In A Tertiary Care Centre: A Retrosp...DrHeena tiwari
This document presents a retrospective study analyzing demographic data of patients with palatal fistulas who underwent repair at a tertiary care center between 2000-2020. The study found that in patients aged 0-6 months, fistulas were mostly located in the anterior hard palate and were predominantly less than 0.4mm in size. For patients aged 7-12 months and 13-24 months, most fistulas were also in the anterior palate but were larger in the older group. Patients over 24 months showed fistulas mainly in the anterior palate but had more intraoperative complications and postoperative infections. The results suggest certain age groups may be more prone to developing palatal fistulas in specific locations and sizes. Further prospective studies are recommended
This document discusses a study comparing the efficacy of placentrex and hydrocortisone injections as adjunct treatments for oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). 60 patients with stage II or III OSMF were divided into two groups. Group A received placentrex injections while Group B received hydrocortisone injections over 2 months. Mouth opening and burning sensation were measured before and after treatment. Results found a statistically significant greater increase in mean mouth opening for Group B compared to Group A. Burning sensation was reduced more in Group A than Group B. Overall, hydrocortisone seemed to be more effective at improving mouth opening and mucosal health, while placentrex was better at reducing burning
The document provides information on the COVID-19 pandemic as of April 2020. It discusses the epidemiology and spread of the virus globally. Key points include:
- COVID-19 originated in Wuhan, China in late 2019 and has since spread to over 210 countries. As of April 2020, there were over 29 lakh confirmed cases and 200,568 deaths worldwide, with the US becoming the new epicenter.
- The virus spreads mainly person-to-person via respiratory droplets. Common symptoms include fever, cough and shortness of breath, though many cases are asymptomatic. Chest CT scans show bilateral lung involvement like ground-glass opacities or consolidation.
- While most cases are mild, the elderly and those
ASTHMA CORRELATES AMONG ADOLESCENCE IN COUNTRY: AN ORIGINAL RESEARCHDrHeena tiwari
The document summarizes a study on asthma correlates among adolescents in a country. The study involved a cross-sectional survey of 1200 children to examine health risks and lifestyle factors. The results found that the prevalence of self-reported asthma was 8.2%. Asthmatic adolescents were more likely to be male, overweight or obese, consume soft drinks and energy drinks more frequently, and less likely to consume milk compared to non-asthmatic adolescents. The study aims to establish how lifestyle factors are associated with increased asthma incidence among adolescents.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined 28 nationally representative surveys from 13 countries on COVID-19 vaccination intentions. The key findings were:
1) Pooled data from March-October found 60% of people anticipated vaccinating and 20% expected to refuse vaccination, with 22% uncertain.
2) Vaccination intentions have declined over time as the pandemic has evolved, while refusal intentions have increased.
3) Demographic factors like being female, younger, lower income/education, and belonging to an ethnic minority were consistently associated with being less likely to intend to vaccinate.
This document summarizes a study that compared the effectiveness of serratiopeptidase and dexamethasone in reducing swelling after surgical removal of impacted third molars. The study involved 100 patients randomized into two groups, with one group receiving dexamethasone and the other receiving serratiopeptidase. Facial measurements were taken preoperatively and on postoperative days 1, 2, 5, and 7. The results showed that serratiopeptidase was effective in reducing swelling from days 2 to 5, while dexamethasone was effective in reducing swelling from days 1 to 2 and also from days 2 to 5. Dexamethasone was found to be more effective than serratiopeptidase in reducing postoperative swelling
This document discusses dental considerations for coronavirus infections. It notes that dental procedures can generate aerosols that may contain blood and increase the risk of infection transmission from patients to dental workers. It recommends effective infection control measures like frequent hand washing, use of rubber dams during procedures to minimize aerosols, and preprocedural mouthrinses with oxidative agents instead of chlorhexidine to reduce oral microbial load and potential virus transmission. Proper use of high-volume suction and anti-retraction handpieces are also emphasized to prevent cross-contamination within dental units.
This document discusses using convalescent plasma therapy to treat critically ill COVID-19 patients. It provides background on using convalescent plasma to treat emerging infectious diseases. Limited data from China suggests convalescent plasma therapy provided clinical benefits for COVID-19 patients, including reduced viral loads and improved survival. However, there are challenges in recruiting eligible donors and ensuring the plasma contains sufficient neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.
EFFICACY IN REDUCING BACTERIAL CONTENT IN ORAL CAVITY BY CANNABINIODS IN ORAL...DrHeena tiwari
The document discusses a study that compared the efficacy of cannabinoids and popular oral care products (Oral-B and Colgate) in reducing bacterial content in dental plaque. Plaque samples were collected from 30 participants and exposed to cannabinoid toothpaste, Oral-B, and Colgate. Cannabinoids were found to significantly reduce bacterial colony counts compared to the other products. The results suggest cannabinoids may be more effective at controlling oral bacteria and could provide a personalized alternative to traditional oral care products.
This document discusses diagnosis and treatment options for coronavirus. It begins by describing the properties and transmission of coronavirus. Diagnosis is primarily done through respiratory or blood samples that test positive for coronavirus nucleic acids on RT-PCR. Treatment involves supportive care, antiviral drugs like interferon-α, and management of symptoms. Severe cases may require oxygen therapy, ventilation, or treatment for organ dysfunction. While no specific treatment for 2019-nCoV exists, several antiviral drugs are being trialled.
Effectiveness of Low-Level Lasers in the Management of Recurrent Aphthous Sto...DrHeena tiwari
This study assessed the effectiveness of low-level lasers in treating recurrent aphthous stomatitis. 30 subjects with minor, major, or herpetiform aphthae were treated with lasers and their pain was evaluated using VAS scores. For all groups, pain was significantly less after 24 hours and further reduced at 72 hours compared to pre-treatment levels. At 1 week, pain scores were minimal or zero. The results demonstrated that low-level lasers provide effective pain relief and accelerated healing for recurrent aphthous stomatitis lesions.
This document discusses infection control in dentistry. It begins by defining infection and infection control. It then discusses the history and objectives of infection control. The main modes of disease transmission in a dental setting are through airborne contamination, contact transmission, and cross-contamination. The document outlines various exposure risks for patients and dental personnel and infection control programs. It discusses sterilization and disinfection techniques as well as infectious diseases of concern in dentistry such as viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections. The principles of universal precautions like hand hygiene and protective barriers are emphasized.
This journal club presentation discusses the contribution of prosthodontics to the field of forensic odentology. It summarizes various methods used by prosthodontists to identify unknown remains or bite marks, including engraving dental records onto prosthetics using techniques like laser etching, microchips, or barcodes. It also examines how prosthodontists can aid in determining factors like age, gender, through analysis of dental structures and radiographs. Studies on identifying individuals through palatal rugae patterns, lip prints, and bite mark analysis are also reviewed.
The use of low level laser in periodontal diseaseJan Tunér
This study investigated the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) for the treatment of chronic periodontitis. 16 patients received SRP on one side of their mouth and SRP plus 10 sessions of LLLT on the other side. Sites treated with SRP plus LLLT showed greater reductions in pocket depth at 5 weeks and 3 months compared to SRP alone. SRP plus LLLT sites also had a statistically significant increase in mean radiographic bone density from baseline to 12 months. However, LLLT did not significantly affect gingival index, plaque index, or levels of the inflammatory marker IL-1β in gingival crevicular fluid
The Correlation between the Right Little Finger, Eye - Ear Distance and Verti...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
A study was conducted among 1256 dental professionals to assess their knowledge and attitudes regarding conservative and endodontic practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was found that while the participants had good basic knowledge of COVID-19, areas for improvement were identified. For example, only 43% knew the accurate incubation period. Rubber dams were widely recognized as protective tools, but techniques like low-speed handpieces and chemomechanical methods were less familiar. The study concluded that while dental workers understand disease transmission, extra precautions are needed when treating patients during the pandemic.
Clinical study of impacted maxillary canine in the Arab population in IsraelAbu-Hussein Muhamad
The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of impacted maxillary canine in patients in Arabs Community in Israel (ARAB48,Israel) visiting our Center For Dentistry,Research & Aesthetics,Jatt,Almothalath,Israel, 4250 patients . This study comprises data from patients who attended the O.P.D.2200 patients between Jun. 2006 to Dec 2013. Patients were examined in order to detect the impacted maxillary canines by intraoral examination, palpation, dental records and followed by radiographs. It was found that the prevalence of canine impaction was 0,8 % (N=4250), 1,6 (N=2200), 43,9 (N-82) in males and 1,1% (N=4250), 2,1 (N=2200), 56,1 (N-82) in females suggesting that prevalence of impacted maxillary canines is more in females than males and it is statistically significant. The overall prevalence for maxillary impacted canines was found to be 3,7 % (N=2200) which suggested that it is much higher than previous studies. The results of this study were slightly different than other studies, while the dissimilarities may be attributed to the sample selection, method of the study and area of patient selection, which suggest racial and genetic differences.
Are Reprocessed Endoscope free from Contaminants iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Chairside Diagnosis of Periodontal Diseases A ReviewYogeshIJTSRD
A good clinical diagnosis has always been the need of the hour. Proper diagnosis is essential for better treatment and planning of the diseases. Customary clinical estimations utilized for periodontal finding are regularly of restricted convenience as they are pointers of past periodontal illness instead of present disease action. Subsequently, there is a requirement for creating novel demonstrative kits that can identify dynamic diseases, anticipate future illness crisis or movement and assess reaction to periodontal treatment, and treatment encouragement in periodontal patients. In this futuristic era, there has been a tremendous amount of research in the field of diagnostic tools that can be utilized by a dental practitioners and even periodontists in their day to day practice. Distinctive chair side diagnostic kits will be discussed in this paper which will be useful for appropriate diagnosis, assessing the disease anticipation and proper treatment planning. Dr. Sumeet Khanna | Dr. Smarth Khanna | Dr. Parul Goel "Chairside Diagnosis of Periodontal Diseases: A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd37981.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/allied-sciences/37981/chairside-diagnosis-of-periodontal-diseases-a-review/dr-sumeet-khanna
5th publication -Dr Rahul VC Tiwari - Department of ral and Maxillofacial Surgery, SIBAR Institute of Dental Sciences, Takkellapadu,Guntur, Andhra Pradesh - 522509.
Oral cancer is the most significant and growing concern worldwide. It ranks as 3rd in India and 8th
largest prevalent form of cancer in world. Oral cancer is often diagnosed, only after reached to an untreatable
stage. Early detection and prevention are the major objectives to control the oral cancer. Histopathology
analysis of biopsied lesion followed by visual examination is the current clinical procedure. This procedure is
invasive and requires a waiting period for the diagnostic results. Thus, there is a need to develop a non-invasive
screening device for oral cancer detection. Optical imaging has emerged as effective tool for detecting
malignant changes associated with oral cancer and also effective in assisting with the detection of oral mucosal
abnormalities. Hence, this paper focuses on development of non-invasive, real-time diagnostic tool based on
optical imaging technique in which involves - fluorescence emission and diffuse reflectance imaging modalities
for screening of oral cancer.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Clinical study of impacted maxillary canine in the Arab population in IsraelAbu-Hussein Muhamad
The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of impacted maxillary canine in patients in Arabs
Community in Israel (ARAB48,Israel) visiting our Center For Dentistry,Research & Aesthetics,Jatt,Almothalath,Israel,
4250 patients . This study comprises data from patients who attended the O.P.D.2200 patients between Jun. 2006 to Dec
2013. Patients were examined in order to detect the impacted maxillary canines by intraoral examination, palpation, dental
records and followed by radiographs. It was found that the prevalence of canine impaction was 0,8 % (N=4250), 1,6
(N=2200), 43,9 (N-82) in males and 1,1% (N=4250), 2,1 (N=2200), 56,1 (N-82) in females suggesting that prevalence of
impacted maxillary canines is more in females than males and it is statistically significant. The overall prevalence for
maxillary impacted canines was found to be 3,7 % (N=2200) which suggested that it is much higher than previous studies.
The results of this study were slightly different than other studies, while the dissimilarities may be attributed to the sample
selection, method of the study and area of patient selection, which suggest racial and genetic differences.
This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and panoramic radiography in predicting exposure of the inferior alveolar nerve during third molar extraction surgery. The study assessed 59 impacted third molar extraction sites, examining pre-operative panoramic and CBCT images for signs suggesting nerve exposure. During surgery, actual nerve exposure was evaluated and compared to the radiographic predictions. CBCT correctly classified nerve exposure in 93.3% of cases, significantly more accurately than panoramic radiography which correctly classified 67.7% of cases. CBCT demonstrated high sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values, while panoramic radiography had lower sensitivity but high positive predictive value. This study indicates CB
This study evaluated the effect of different amounts of mandibular setback surgery on the submental region and aesthetics. The study examined 38 patients who underwent mandibular setback surgery, distinguishing those with less than 5mm of setback from those with 5mm or more. The results found no significant changes in the submental region or aesthetics for patients with less than 5mm of setback. However, for patients with 5mm or more of setback, there were significant decreases in cervical length and changes to the lip-chin-throat angle, lower lip length, and upper lip length. The study suggests these factors should be considered in surgical planning to avoid undesirable aesthetic impacts of mandibular setback surgery.
Objective: To determine both tubotympanic and atticoantral disease in active chronic otitis media. To identify the
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Results: Fifty Chronic otitis media patients were included in the study and studied over the course of two years. There were
22 males and 28 females. The most common bacterial etiologies of Chronic otitis media were Streptococcus pneumoniae,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. A mucopurulent type of discharge was seen in most pseudomonas
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Conclusion: These results provide insight into the management of Chronic otitis media and highlight the importance of proper
diagnosis and treatment of the condition.
This study compared the antifungal efficacy of various endodontic irrigants, with and without the antifungal agent clotrimazole, against Candida albicans in extracted human teeth. Teeth were inoculated with C. albicans and irrigated with sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine gluconate, doxycycline hydrochloride, or combinations of these with 1% clotrimazole. Colony forming units were significantly lower for sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine alone compared to doxycycline or the control. Adding clotrimazole increased the efficacy of all irrigants, with sodium hypochlorite with clotrimaz
This document describes a case report of a solitary angiokeratoma lesion found on the tongue of a 38-year-old male patient. Solitary angiokeratomas of the oral mucosa are rare. The lesion was a well-circumscribed, dark brown growth on the dorsal surface of the tongue. Histopathological examination revealed numerous dilated blood vessels in the papillary dermis along with hyperkeratosis and acanthosis of the epithelium, consistent with angiokeratoma. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for CD34, confirming the lesion contained proliferating blood vessels. No other lesions were found on the patient's body. The lesion was completely excised with no recurrence after 6 months of follow up.
Dental research process: a trial to understand, and how to connect with the s...Mohamed A. Galal
A trial to understand Dental Research Process, that can help assistant researchers and research assistants in Dental fields to go into their profession more and more.
1- Skills
2- Ideas
3- Relations
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This case report describes an unusual case of pseudo-ankylosis in an 8-year-old child with a history of trauma. Imaging revealed an old fractured right condyle that had been anteriorly displaced and dislocated into the sigmoid notch, where it had fused to the zygomatic arch. Computed tomography with 3D reconstruction clearly showed the displaced condylar fragment. The child underwent surgery to release the ankylotic mass and perform a coronoidectomy to improve mouth opening. Post-operatively, aggressive physiotherapy helped increase the child's maximum interincisal opening. This unique case highlights the importance of accurate imaging and diagnosis for successful treatment of complex facial injuries.
This document provides information about the editors and contributors of the book "Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for the Clinician". It begins with an introduction by the editors explaining the motivation and scope of the book. It aims to be a comprehensive textbook on oral and maxillofacial surgery for clinicians and trainees. The book has contributions from AOMSI members in India as well as 41 international authors to represent global expertise. It contains 22 sections and 88 chapters covering all aspects of cranio-maxillofacial surgery, along with 68 video demonstrations. The editors thank the contributors and AOMSI for their support in producing this open access textbook.
Here are the key points about suction:
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This document provides an introduction to mixed dentition space analysis. It discusses that during the mixed dentition period, there may be discrepancies between the space available in the dental arches and the size of the teeth. Accurate mixed dentition space analysis is important for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The document outlines that mixed dentition typically lasts from ages 6 to 12 years and is when maximum orthodontic problems can develop due to inadequate space for permanent teeth. It also categorizes different methods for mixed dentition space analysis, including those based on regression equations using measurements of erupted permanent teeth and those using radiographs.
This document discusses the importance of adult immunization and provides guidelines for vaccination against various diseases. It begins by noting that while childhood immunization is well-known, adult immunization is less understood but still important. It then reviews literature on vaccination protocols for adults, including for travel, communicable diseases, hepatitis B, shingles, and more. The document focuses in depth on recommended vaccination for human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It provides vaccination schedules, target groups, and notes the need to increase awareness of adult immunization among healthcare professionals and the public.
Mathew P, Kattimani VS, Tiwari RV, Iqbal MS, Tabassum A, Syed KG. New Classification System for Cleft Alveolus: A Computed Tomography-based Appraisal. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2020 Aug 1;21(8):942-948. PubMed PMID: 33568619
Sahu S, Patley A, Kharsan V, Madan RS, Manjula V, Tiwari RVC. Comparative evaluation of efficacy and latency of twin mix vs 2% lignocaine HCL with 1:80000 epinephrine in surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Feb;9(2):904-908. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_998_19. eCollection 2020 Feb. PubMed PMID: 32318443; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7113948.
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- The review identified 20 relevant studies examining nonhuman primates, mice, hamsters, ferrets, cats and dogs. These animal models show some similar responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection as humans such as respiratory symptoms.
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This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and concerns of 124 dental health professionals in southern India regarding COVID-19. A survey was administered to assess understanding of COVID-19 transmission, oral manifestations, appropriate testing and emergency procedures. The results found good knowledge of COVID-19 and precautions, but some lack of awareness regarding appropriate testing and managing contaminated air. While most respondents understood transmission risks and emergency protocols, there was uncertainty around testing patients and using mouthwashes as prevention. This highlights gaps in knowledge that could be addressed with further education for dental professionals on COVID-19 clinical guidelines.
Vohra P, Belkhode V, Nimonkar S, Potdar S, Bhanot R, Izna, Tiwari RVC. Evaluation and diagnostic usefulness of saliva for detection of HIV antibodies: A cross-sectional study. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 May;9(5):2437-2441. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_138_20. eCollection 2020 May. PubMed PMID: 32754516; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7380795
A 34-year-old male presented with pain and pus discharge from a recently extracted tooth. Radiographs showed two distinct radiolucencies - a large cyst in the left mandible and a smaller cyst in the right mandible. Histological examination found the left cyst to be a radicular cyst and the right cyst to be a dentigerous cyst. This presented a diagnostic dilemma as it is uncommon to have multiple cyst types occurring bilaterally in the mandible without an associated syndrome. Careful radiographic and histological analysis was needed to arrive at the accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Mittal S, Hussain SA, Tiwari RVC, Poovathingal AB, Priya BP, Bhanot R, Tiwari H. Extensive pelvic and abdominal lymphadenopathy with hepatosplenomegaly treated with radiotherapy-A case report. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Feb;9(2):1215-1218. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1125_19. eCollection 2020 Feb. PubMed PMID: 32318498; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7113973.
36.Kesharwani P, Hussain SA, Sharma N, Karpathak S, Bhanot R, Kothari S, Tiwari RVC. Massive radicular cyst involving multiple teeth in pediatric mandible- A case report. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Feb;9(2):1253-1256. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1059_19. eCollection 2020 Feb. PubMed PMID: 32318508; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7113959.
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
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Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotesPsychoTech Services
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187th publication jmos- 5th name
1. 1 23
Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral
Surgery
ISSN 0972-8279
J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg.
DOI 10.1007/s12663-020-01399-8
Evaluation of Digital Palmar
Dermatoglyphics in Oral Submucous
Fibrosis and Leukoplakia: A Prospective
Comparative Clinical Study
Ratna Samudrawar, Heena Mazhar,
Rashmi Wasekar, Prashant Tamgadge,
Rahul Vinay Chandra Tiwari &
Siddhartha Bhowmick
2. 1 23
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available at link.springer.com”.
3. ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Evaluation of Digital Palmar Dermatoglyphics in Oral Submucous
Fibrosis and Leukoplakia: A Prospective Comparative Clinical
Study
Ratna Samudrawar1 • Heena Mazhar2 • Rashmi Wasekar3 • Prashant Tamgadge4 •
Rahul Vinay Chandra Tiwari5 • Siddhartha Bhowmick6
Received: 16 August 2019 / Accepted: 19 June 2020
Ó The Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons of India 2020
Abstract
Aim To analyze and compare digital dermatoglyphic pat-
terns in patients with oral leukoplakia and oral submucous
fibrosis and their role as noninvasive diagnostic tool.
Materials and Methods Two hundred patients were seg-
regated into four groups of 50 patients each with oral
leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, and patients with
habits but no lesions were included. They were compared
with 50 subjects without habits and without lesions. The
study was undertaken to investigate the association of
palmar dermatoglyphics with leukoplakia and oral sub-
mucous fibrosis. Palm and fingerprints were taken using
digital method which were analyzed qualitatively and
quantitatively.
Results The present study found increase in frequency of
whorls, palmar patterns in I2–I3 area, total finger ridge
count, total triradius count and decrease in atd angle with
the absence a–b ridge count in patients with oral leuko-
plakia and OSMF.
Conclusion Thus, with the study of peculiar changes in
digital dermatoglyphic patterns in patients with oral
leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis, early detection
and preventive measures can be instituted in normal indi-
viduals having habit history without lesions to prevent the
occurrence and progression of these potentially malignant
disorders.
Keywords Dermatoglyphics Oral submucous fibrosis
Oral leukoplakia
Introduction
The word ‘‘Dermatoglyphics’’ is originated from Greek
words ‘‘Dermato’’ meaning skin and ‘‘Glyphics’’ meaning
carving [1]. The term was coined by Cummins and Midlo
[2]. Dermatoglyphics is the scientific study of fingerprints
from palms, fingers, soles and toes of humans and animals.
Since it is unique for each person and is not same even in
monozygotic twins, dermatoglyphics could turn out to be
an adjunctive diagnostic tool. In addition to this, since it is
noninvasive, it can be used as a diagnostic tool in assessing
individuals with suspected genetic disorders and also in
forensics [3–5]. Presently, many researches claim that the
study of dermatoglyphics is an important diagnostic tool
for diseases with uncertain etiology and obscure patho-
genesis such as trisomy 18, Down’s syndrome, Klinefelter
syndrome, congenital heart disease, leukemia, cat’s cry
syndrome, Turner’s syndrome [3, 6, 7].
In dentistry, dermatoglyphics has been studied to help
predict disorders like cleft lip and cleft palate, dental car-
ies, gingival fibromatosis, periodontitis, bruxism,
Ratna Samudrawar
heena16.d@gmail.com
1
Consultant Oral Medicine and Radiology, EJHS Wellness
Center, Adilabad, Telangana, India
2
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chhattisgarh
Dental College and Research Institute, Rajnandgaon,
Chhattisgarh, India
3
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Swargiya
Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College and Hospital,
Wadhamna Road, Hingna, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
4
Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department,
Chhattisgarh Dental Collage and Research Centre,
Rajnandgaon, Chhattisgarh, India
5
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sri Sai
College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, India
6
Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Awadh Dental
College and Hospital, Jamshedpur, India
123
J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-020-01399-8
Author's personal copy
4. malocclusion, congenital anomalies like ectodermal dys-
plasia, etc. Smoking, drinking and tobacco chewing have
been positively associated with oral lesions such as oral
lichen planus, oral leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis
and have strong potential for malignant transformation
[6–9].
Activation of oncogenes or deletion and injuries to
suppressor genes and genes responsible for DNA repair
will all contribute to a defective functioning of the genome
that governs cell division. A genetic predisposition is also
supported by association-specific human leukocyte antigen
(HLA) molecules, such as HLA-A10, -B7 and -DR3
[8, 10]. So to rule out the factor of genetic susceptibility,
dermatoglyphics can be used as noninvasive tool as fin-
gerprints are genetically determined. The present study was
carried out to analyze the dermatoglyphic patterns digitally
in oral leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, subjects with
habits and without lesions and to compare with the control
group.
Materials and methods
This case–control prospective clinical study is a multi-
centric, multidisciplinary study conducted on 200 patients
from October 2014 to September 2017. All patients were
segregated into four groups with each group consisting of
50 patients. All patients belonged to an age-group of
20–70 years of age. Group I included 50 patients who were
diagnosed clinically with oral leukoplakia. Group II
included 50 patients who were diagnosed clinically with
oral submucous fibrosis. Group III included 50 patients
who were healthy individuals with habits of tobacco
chewing but did not present any clinical oral lesions. Group
IV included 50 patients who are healthy individuals with-
out habits and without any clinical oral lesions. The con-
firmation of leukoplakia/OSMF was arrived at with the aid
of biopsy. Patients with any systemic disease or skin dis-
eases, patients with any congenital or acquired deformities
of palms and fingers or having any scar or wound on the
palms and fingers were excluded. Institutional ethical
clearance was obtained. Written informed consent from the
patients was taken.
Procedure for obtaining finger and palm prints
After informing the patients in detail about the procedure,
sweat, oil and dirt are removed from the skin by washing
the ridged areas with soap and water followed by drying.
The digital green bit 84c dactyscan device was used for
finger- and palm prints. Alcohol swab was used to clean the
machine after every patient use. Dermatoglyphics was done
by the clinicians themselves. Prints of the fingers were
taken in three steps with the digital green bit 84c dactyscan
device: (1) first four left fingers, (2) right four fingers and
(3) thumbs of left and right hands. The prints were taken by
pressing firmly against the screen of the machine. The
acquisition was viewed on screen of laptop using the
bioscan 10 software as shown in Fig. 1. Data were stored
digitally as shown in Fig. 2. An image indicating the
markings of the parameters studied is shown in Fig. 3. All
the digital data are analyzed and assessed by a single
operator, and patient selection on the basis of clinical
findings is done by another operator.
The following dermatoglyphic parameters were ana-
lyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Qualitative Analysis
1. Fingertip patterns and palmar patterns were studied
under qualitative analysis.
2. Fingertip patterns were studied as: (a) arches (A),
(b) loops (L) and (c) whorls (W)
3. Palmar patterns were studied as: (a) hypothenar area,
(b) thenar/first interdigital area and (c) I2, I3 and I4
interdigital area.
Quantitative Analysis
Quantitative analysis was done under the following
headings.
1. a–b ridge count,
2. Finger ridge count
3. Total finger ridge count (TFRC).
4. atd angle.
5. Tri—radius.
Fig. 1 Acquisition of left-hand fingerprints
J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg.
123
Author's personal copy
5. Statistical Analysis
Groups were compared among by one-way analysis of
variance (ANOVA), the significance of difference in mean
between the groups was calculated by Tukey’s post hoc test
after ascertaining normality by Shapiro–Wilk’s test and
homogeneity of variance between groups was calculated by
Levene’s test. Discrete (categorical) groups were compared
by Chi-square (v2
) test. Analyses were performed on SPSS
(Window version 17.0) software.
Fig. 2 Screen shot of palm
print
Fig. 3 An image indicating the
markings of the parameters
studied
J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg.
123
Author's personal copy
6. Results
Qualitative Analysis Results
Fingerprint Patterns
Comparison of fingerprint Patterns in Both Hands In
Study groups, OSMF showed higher frequency (69.2%) in
loops followed by leukoplakia (54.4%), with habits and
without lesions (46%) and control group (47.2%). The loop
pattern was predominantly observed in all the four groups:
group I (58%), group II (67.6%), group III (45.2%) and
group IV (45.8%). The whorl pattern and arch pattern were
predominantly observed in group III and control group
(Table 1).
Comparison of Fingerprint Patterns in Digit Loop pat-
tern was predominantly seen in group II as compared to
other groups in all the digits except D4, which showed
higher frequency of whorls than loops. The second com-
mon pattern observed in all the groups except D5 was
whorl pattern, and a least number of arch patterns were
seen in all the groups (Table 1).
Comparison of Palmar Patterns of Both Hands On
comparing the distribution of palm patterns on the right and
left palm among the four groups, the highest pattern was
observed in I3–I4 area followed by I2–I3 area, hypothenar
area I1–I2 and the least patterns were found on thenar area.
The distribution of palm patterns showed high frequency in
group II as compared to other groups. The palm patterns in
I2–I3 area were found predominantly in group II (31),
followed by group III (24), control group (17) and least in
group I (6). The palm pattern in hypothenar area showed
high distribution in group II (23) and group III (23) fol-
lowed by control group (22) and least in group I (16)
(Table 2).
Total Finger Ridge Count of Right and Left Hand
The mean ridge count in group I cases was insignificant
on comparison with group II and control group but found
moderately significant with group III (P 0.01**)
(Fig. 4).
Triradius Count of Right- and Left-Hand Fingers
The mean triradius count of right- and left-hand fingers
in group II was 5.48 with a SD ± 3.14; in control group,
5.02 with a SD ± 2.97; in group I, 4.16 with a SD ± 2.66;
and in group III, 3.34 with a SD ± 2.84. Testing with one-
way ANOVA gave highly significant difference in mean
(F—5.31, P—0.0015) (Fig. 5).
Total Triradius Count
The mean total triradius count of both hands was pre-
dominantly high in control group as compared to other
groups. The mean total triradius count of both hands in
control group was 7.84 with a SD ± 3.48; in group III,
7.34 with a SD ± 3.66; group II, 7.26 with a SD ± 3.53;
and group I, 5.42 with a SD ± 2.89. Testing with one-way
ANOVA gave highly significant difference in mean (F—
4.21, P—0.0075) (Fig. 6).
Atd ANGLE: The mean atd angle of right and left palm
was predominantly high in control group as compared to
other groups. Testing with one-way ANOVA gave highly
significant difference in mean (F—4.36, P—0.0093—right
palm; (F—7.22, P—0.0006—left palm) (Tables 3, 4).
Total a–b ridge count: The a–b ridge count was not
prevalent in any of the groups.
Discussion
Dermatoglyphics is considered a window of congenital and
intrauterine abnormalities. The importance of dermato-
glyphic studies in clinical medicine is that, during devel-
opment, maternal environment, gene deviants, and
chromosomal aberrations affect ridge formation. Literature
suggested that the study of dermatoglyphics is an important
diagnostic tool in potentially malignant disorders for sus-
pecting the genetic etiology [11–14]. Hence, preventive
measures can be instituted to minimize premalignant
lesions.
Millions of the people in India chew gutkha, tobacco,
which initiates oral premalignant lesions like oral submu-
cous fibrosis and leukoplakia [9]. As a biomarker to assess
genetic susceptibility of such lesions, the present study was
conducted to evaluate any association between oral sub-
mucous fibrosis and oral leukoplakia with palmar der-
matoglyphics [1, 8, 15–18]. We found increase in
frequency of whorls, palmar patterns in I2–I3 area, total
Table 1 Comparison of fingerprint pattern of both hands
Fingerprint pattern Group I (N = 50) Group II (N = 50) Group III (N = 50) Group IV (N = 50) v2
value P value
Arches 43 (8.6%) 28 (5.6%) 71 (14.2%) 69 (13.8%) 27.65 0.0001*
Loops 290 (58%) 338 (67. (5%) 226 (45.2%) 229 (45.8%) 69.59 0.0001*
Whorls 167 (33.4%) 134 (26.8%) 203 (40.6%) 202 (40.4%) 28.45 0.0001*
* denotes statistical significance
J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg.
123
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7. finger ridge count, total triradius count and decrease in atd
angle with the absence a–b ridge count in patients with oral
leukoplakia and OSMF.
On comparison of fingerprint patterns in both right and
left hands, the frequency of loop pattern was highly sig-
nificant in all the four groups: group I (58%), group II
(67.6%), group III (45.2%) and group IV (45.8%). Patients
with OSMF showed the highest frequency of loop pattern
compared to other three groups. The whorl pattern and arch
pattern were predominantly observed in group III and
control group.
Previous studies revealed that in patients with oral
leukoplakia and OSCC, there was a highly significant
increased frequency of loops [2, 19, 20]. This is in accor-
dance with the findings of our study in which OSMF
showed the highest frequency of loop pattern compared to
Table 2 Comparison of palmar pattern of both the hands
Palmar pattern Group I (N = 50) Group II (N = 50) Group m (N = 50) Group IV (N = 50) v2
value P value
Thenar/I1 1 7 2 6 6.77 O.079 NS
I1–I2 7 3 7 6 1.98 0 58 NS
I2–I3 16 31 24 17 8.51 0.036* significant
I3–I4 27 43 43 39 7.30 0.062 NS
Hypothenar area 16 22 23 23 2.05 0 56 NS
* denotes statistical significance
Fig. 4 Graph 1 showing the
comparison of total mean finger
ridge count in both the hands
Fig. 5 Graph 2 showing the
comparison of triradius count of
right- and left-hand fingers
J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg.
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8. other three groups. Previous studies on qualitative analysis
found finger ridge patterns among the four study groups to
be statistically significant for arches which are in accor-
dance with our study. Previous studies showed that arch
pattern (60.7%) was predominant with a decrease in whorl
pattern (29.3%) in study group when compared with the
controls group [21]. However, their results were contra-
dictory to our study.
Few studies observed predominant fingerprint pattern of
whorls in OSCC and OSMF, whereas loops were pre-
dominant in control-group individuals, the results of which
are not in accordance with our study where loop pattern
was predominant in OSMF [22]. A recent study showed the
percentage of loops was 30% in right and 38% in the left
hand of subjects with OSMF. The whorl pattern among
subjects having OSMF was 24% and 20% in right and left
hands, and in the controls, it was 7% and 5%, respectively
[23]. However, our study found the frequency of loop
pattern of the right hand in OSMF group was higher when
compared to the frequency on the left hand. Next, common
pattern seen in our study was whorl pattern, which is in
accordance with previous studies [24–26].
A recent study revealed that the ring fingers (D4) of both
right and left hands had the highest percentage of whorl
pattern at 35% and 30% respectively. This was followed by
the right thumb (D1) and right index finger (D2), which had
25% of whorl pattern each. In control group, the highest
percentage of whorl pattern was seen in the right ring finger
(D4) with 15% and the arch pattern was highest in the left
thumb (D1) with 15% [23]. These observations matched
the findings of our results except for the OSMF group
where loops were predominant in D4.
Another study found significant increase in pattern fre-
quency in thenar/hypothenar area in both the hands in
OSMF group as compared to other groups [24]. This
contradicted our result where we found significance only in
I2–I3 region.
A recent study compared total finger ridge counts in
OSMF, OL, OSCC, and it was observed that there was an
increase in the total finger ridge count (64.7%) in patients
with OL, OSMF and OSCC (group A) [21]. Our results
also showed significant increase in total finger ridge count
in OSMF group compared to other groups. Venkatesh et al.
compared total finger ridge count (TFRC) in all three study
groups and observed that there was no significant differ-
ence in the mean TFRC among the three groups [2]. Our
results revealed that mean total finger ridge count of OSMF
group and leukoplakia group showed moderate significance
with group III.
Fig. 6 Graph 3 showing total
triradius count
Table 3 Showing atd angle of right palm
Groups Atd angle of right palm ‘F’ ratio P value
Mean ± SD
Group I 39.86 ± 6.67 4.36 P = 0 0093
Group II 40.29 ± 6.97
Group EH 45.53 ± 3.38
Group IV 47.63 ± 6.75
Table 4 Showing mean atd angle of left palm
Groups Atd angle of left palm ‘F ratio’ P value
Mean ± SD
Group I 38.43 ± 6.21 7.22 P = 0.0006
Group II 41.38 ± 6.82
Group IE 45.53 ± 3.38
Group IV 48.3 ± 3.33
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9. Gupta and Karjodkar analyzed frequency of total finger
ridge counts (TFRC) and revealed that the mean value of
TFRC in OSF group was lower than the other groups. But,
the values were not found to be significant [19]. Con-
versely, our study showed higher mean value of TFRC in
OSMF group compared to other groups and total finger
ridge count of OSMF group and leukoplakia group showed
moderate significance with group III. Our results showed
that the mean atd angle of right palm and left palm was
predominantly high in control group as compared to other
groups. Previous studies show no significant difference in
frequency of mean atd angles of both right and left hands in
all three study groups.
Gupta and Karjodkar analyzed the number of accessory
palmar triradii on right and left hands of the samples in
each group and found statistically significant difference in
frequency of palmar triradii [20]. Our study also showed
high frequency of triradii count in both right and left palms
among the study groups, highest in group III followed by
control group, OSMF group and leukoplakia group. Our
study also showed statistically significant difference in
frequency of palmar triradii as per the literature
[20, 25–27].
Conclusion
The results of the present study suggest peculiar changes in
digital dermatoglyphic patterns in patients with oral
leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis. Hence, dermato-
glyphics can be used as a diagnostic tool for early detec-
tion. This helps in institution of preventive measures in
normal individuals having habit history but without clinical
lesions to prevent the occurrence and progression of these
potentially malignant conditions.
Authors’ Contribution RS was the operating surgeon and involved
in design of the study, data acquisition, data analysis and drafting of
the article. HM contributed to data acquisition and data analysis. RW
designed the study and analyzed the data. PT was the operating sur-
geon and designed the study. RVCT was involved in data acquisition,
data analysis and drafting of the article. SB contributed to data
acquisition and data analysis.
Funding This study is self-funded.
Compliance with Ethical Standards
Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of
interest.
Informed Consent Written informed consent from the patients was
taken.
Ethical Standard Institutional ethical clearance was taken.
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